(607,1,'2012-10-21 05:57:15','2012-10-21 05:57:15','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</h2></strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</h2></strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nDOCa Rioja\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nRioja, Basque Country, Navarra\r\n\r\nLarge area known for red and some whites\r\n\r\nThree sub zones\r\n\r\nRioja Alta and Alavesa\r\n\r\nRioja Baja\r\n\r\nMost densely planted area in Spain\r\n\r\nClassic wine region that led the way\r\n\r\nBrought French influence in 19th century\r\n\r\nMost famous Spanish wine region internationally\r\n\r\nDO created in 1925 (1st)\r\n\r\nDOCa since 1991\r\n\r\n65,000 hectares\r\n\r\nMore than 550 wineries\r\n\r\nMain grape: Tempranillo\r\n\r\nAlso: Garnacha, Mazuelo, Graciano\r\n\r\nExperimental grape: Cabernet Sauvignon\r\n\r\nSomewhat of an identity crisis\r\n\r\nModern vs traditional\r\n\r\nMild climatological conditions\r\n\r\nAtlantic influence\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nCastilla Leon\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nVery important wine region with five important DOs\r\n\r\nDO Ribera del Duero\r\n\r\nDO Rueda\r\n\r\nDO Toro\r\n\r\nDO Bierzo\r\n\r\nDO Cigales\r\n\r\nAlso very important production of Vino de la Tierra de Castilla Leon\r\n\r\nDO Ribera del Duero\r\n\r\nDO since 1982\r\n\r\nConsidered to produce some of the finest red wines in Spain\r\n\r\nTrendy and fast-growing areas\r\n\r\nPrices can be quite high\r\n\r\n8,000 ha of vineyards and over 178 wineries.\r\n\r\nGrape variety:  Tinto Fino, a variant of Tempranillo\r\n\r\nClimate: Continental with some Med influences\r\n\r\nDO Rueda\r\n\r\nSmall wine region (6000ha) with 36 wineries\r\n\r\nWhite wines from Verdejo and Sauvignon Blanc\r\n\r\nCreated in 1980 for whites\r\n\r\nSince 2001 open to reds\r\n\r\nThe wines are attractive modern, cold-fermented whites\r\n\r\nThe climate is wind-swept continental\r\n\r\nDO Toro\r\n\r\nGained fame over last ten years\r\n\r\nPowerful red wines\r\n\r\nSome good value wines, but many more expensive now\r\n\r\nSmall DO created in 1987: 34 wineries\r\n\r\nMain varietal: Tinta de Toro (Tempranillo)\r\n\r\nContinental climate\r\n\r\nDO Bierzo\r\n\r\n“Gateway to Galicia”: Currently high profile\r\n\r\nSmall red and white producing area\r\n\r\nDO created in 1988: 39 wineries\r\n\r\nMain grapes: Mencía and Godello\r\n\r\nMild climate\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nCataluña\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nHuge region with 12 DOs with many climatic and geographic variations\r\n\r\n1999: a region DO called DO Cataluña\r\n\r\nStrongest on whites but also great reds\r\n\r\nWidespread use of indigenous varieties\r\n\r\nWidespread use of French varieties\r\n\r\n90% of Cava produced here\r\n\r\nKey in spread of modern equipment and techniques\r\n\r\nAll of the DOs are improving dramatically\r\n\r\nDO Penedés\r\n\r\nImportant DO since 1960:  150 wineries\r\n\r\nImportant innovator in wine\r\n\r\nCenter of Cava production\r\n\r\nAlso elegant whites and reds\r\n\r\nDOCa Priorat\r\n\r\nSmall, exclusive DO since 1954: 26 wineries\r\n\r\nVery expensive wines\r\n\r\nFamous for huge, mineral red wines\r\n\r\nUnique soils: licorella\r\n\r\nUse of Garnacha and Cariñena with French varieties\r\n\r\nDO Montsant\r\n\r\nSimilar wines to Priorat…less expensive\r\n\r\nDO Terra Alta\r\n\r\nStill rustic at times…similar potential to Priorat\r\n\r\nDO Alella\r\n\r\nTiny coastal DO: mostly known for whites\r\n\r\nDO Apurdán-Costa Brava\r\n\r\nSmall coastal DO known traditionally for rosados\r\n\r\nDO Concá de Barbera\r\n\r\nMedium size interior DO used as source for cava wines\r\n\r\nDO Costers de Segre\r\n\r\nSmall interior DO used a source for cava wines\r\n\r\nDO Plá de Bagés\r\n\r\nTiny interior DO known for crisp whites\r\n\r\nDO Tarragona\r\n\r\nLarge coastal/interior DO makes a wide variety of wines\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nCastilla La Mancha\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nHuge region: one of the biggest in the world\r\n\r\n9 DOs:  more being created\r\n\r\nVery hot region producing Mediterranean style red wines\r\n\r\nVery good value and improving quality\r\n\r\nLots of jug wine still!\r\n\r\nVery good Vinos de la Tierra de Castilla\r\n\r\nAlso several Vinos de Pago\r\n\r\nDO La Mancha\r\n\r\nEnormous DO making good quality wine from Tempranillo\r\n\r\nDO Valdepeñas\r\n\r\nVery large DO making traditional wines from Tempranillo\r\n\r\nOther DOs\r\n\r\nDO Almansa, DO Manchela, DO Méntrida, DO Mondéjar, DO Riber del Júcar\r\n\r\nDO Vinos de Madrid\r\n\r\nNot technically La Mancha, but similar situation and similar wines\r\n\r\nImproving...but best wines are expensive\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n9.  Introduction to Spanish Denominations cont\'d\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nAragon\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nLarge region with 4 DOs\r\n\r\nOne is very high quality, the other three improving rapidly\r\n\r\nLots of jug wine made here\r\n\r\nExcellent climate for high quality wine\r\n\r\nDO Somontano\r\n\r\nSmall, but growing DO with excellent quality\r\n\r\nVery good prices\r\n\r\nElegant, varied wines from indigenous and French varieties\r\n\r\nDO Calatayud\r\n\r\nMedium DO still rustic but interesting old-vine Garnacha and cavas\r\n\r\nDO Cariñena\r\n\r\nLarge DO making lots of jug wine and some interesting old-vine Garnacha\r\n\r\nDO Campo de Borja\r\n\r\nMedium DO with lots of Garnacha\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nGalicia\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nMild, wet region known for interesting whites with 5 DOs\r\n\r\nDO Rias Baixas\r\n\r\nTop quality, small DO making whites from Albariño\r\n\r\nHumidity, rain, main challenges\r\n\r\nNo bulk wine allowed\r\n\r\nWines can be pricy\r\n\r\nDO Valdeorras\r\n\r\nHigh quality small DO on border with Leon\r\n\r\nEastern, sheltered location gives more full-bodied whites and reds from Godello and Mencía\r\n\r\nDO Monterei\r\n\r\nHot, sheltered, tiny DO makes mostly reds\r\n\r\nDO Ribeiro\r\n\r\nSmall, coastal DO makes light, spritzy, blended whites\r\n\r\nDO Ribera Sacra\r\n\r\nSmall DO making traditional Galician whites\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nNavarra and Basque Country\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nOne large DO and 3 tiny ones\r\n\r\nDO Navarra\r\n\r\nLarge DO making some very good wines: 109 wineries\r\n\r\nUse of a lot of indigenous and foreign grapes\r\n\r\nReputation built on rosés\r\n\r\nNow many more interesting reds and whites\r\n\r\nCross between continental and Atlantic climate\r\n\r\nDO Txacoli\r\n\r\nThree separate DOs: Alava, Getaria, Vizcaya\r\n\r\nMaking vinho verde style wines from local varieties\r\n\r\nHondarribi Zuri and Hondarribi Beltza\r\n\r\nMost are easy-drinking quaffers, but a few more serious wines being made now\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nValencia and Murcia\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nLarge jug wine areas now making very interesting wines\r\n\r\nMurcia:  3 DOs\r\n\r\nDO Jumilla\r\n\r\nEnormous DO with growing reputation for quality wines\r\n\r\nRed, quality wines based on Monastrell\r\n\r\nInteresting dessert wines\r\n\r\nDO Bullas\r\n\r\nSmall DO with higher altitude makes some interesting reds from Monastrell\r\n\r\nDO Yecla\r\n\r\nMedium DO similar to Jumilla\r\n\r\nValencia: 3 DOs\r\n\r\nDO Valencia\r\n\r\nLarge DO making mostly insipid whites, but has potential for reds from Monastrell\r\n\r\nDO Utiel Requena\r\n\r\nHuge DO making lots of red jug wine\r\n\r\nVery good wines being made from Bobal\r\n\r\nDO Alicante\r\n\r\nLarge DO traditionally know for sweet wines\r\n\r\nNow making good reds from Monastrell\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nExtremadura\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nLarge DO (Ribera del Guadiana) making mostly jug wines\r\n\r\nGood potential but little results\r\n\r\nBest results in whites, though reds should be better\r\n\r\nMany grapes varieties:  Tempranillo and Garnacha dominate\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nBalearics\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nTiny production\r\n\r\nMost wine made for local tourist consumption\r\n\r\nCheap and cheerful\r\n\r\nSome quality red wine made but quite pricy\r\n\r\nLocal varieties such as Callet, Fogoneu, Manto Negro\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nCanaries\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nMedium production made for tourist industry\r\n\r\nLocal varieties such as Listran and Malvasia\r\n\r\nWhites much better than reds\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nAndalucia\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nMostly fortified wines, but some interesting table wines being made in Malaga and around Granada\r\n\r\nDO Jerez\r\n\r\nLarge DO of 10,000 hectares\r\n\r\nMakes of fortified white wines of many types\r\n\r\nGrapes:\r\n\r\nPalomino for dry sherries\r\n\r\nMoscatel and PX for sweet wines\r\n\r\nNon-vintage wines made in criadera and solera systems\r\n\r\nLike cava and champagne\r\n\r\nTo preserve house style\r\n\r\nFinos and Manzanillas\r\n\r\nMade in reductive style under protective \"flor\"\r\n\r\nDry and fresh\r\n\r\nAmontillado\r\n\r\nAged Fino\r\n\r\nHas oxidative notes plus freshness of Fino\r\n\r\nOloroso:\r\n\r\nSolera without flor\r\n\r\nOxidized style:  nutty, brown\r\n\r\nAll start out dry:  some have PX added for sweetness\r\n\r\nPalo Cortado\r\n\r\nRarest style\r\n\r\nCross between Oloroso and Amontillado\r\n\r\nHas flor for short time\r\n\r\nSweet sherries\r\n\r\nMoscatel and PX dried to raisins\r\n\r\nUsed as varietal wines and blenders\r\n\r\nDO Montilla Moriles\r\n\r\nVery similar wines to sherry but using PX as base wine\r\n\r\nWhole range from Fino to sweet stickies\r\n\r\nDO Malaga\r\n\r\nFortified dessert wines from Moscatel and PX\r\n\r\nDO Huelva\r\n\r\nSimilar wines to Jerez\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nDO Cava\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nA style DO, not geographic\r\n\r\nSparkling wine made in Champenoise style\r\n\r\nMostly white, some rosé\r\n\r\nTop sales in world before champagne\r\n\r\nProduced in 160 municipalities\r\n\r\nCataluña:  90% of cava made here\r\n\r\nOther provinces:  Rioja, Valencia, Extremadura, Aragon\r\n\r\nThree traditional grapes:  Macabeo, Parellada, Xarel.lo\r\n\r\nOther grapes:  Chardonnay, Monastrell, Pinot Noir\r\n\r\nTendency:  use of more French varieties\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-26','','','2012-10-21 05:57:15','2012-10-21 05:57:15','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-26/',0,'revision','',0),(608,1,'2012-10-21 05:59:57','2012-10-21 05:59:57','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-27','','','2012-10-21 05:59:57','2012-10-21 05:59:57','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-27/',0,'revision','',0),(609,1,'2012-10-21 06:09:27','2012-10-21 06:09:27','<h2><strong>Rioja</h2></strong>\n\n&nbsp;\n\nRioja, Basque Country, Navarra\n\nLarge area known for red and some whites\n\nThree sub zones\n\nRioja Alta and Alavesa\n\nRioja Baja\n\nMost densely planted area in Spain\n\nClassic wine region that led the way\n\nBrought French influence in 19th century\n\nMost famous Spanish wine region internationally\n\nDO created in 1925 (1st)\n\nDOCa since 1991\n\n65,000 hectares\n\nMore than 550 wineries\n\nMain grape: Tempranillo\n\nAlso: Garnacha, Mazuelo, Graciano\n\nExperimental grape: Cabernet Sauvignon\n\nSomewhat of an identity crisis\n\nModern vs traditional\n\nMild climatological conditions\n\nAtlantic influence\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n<h2><strong>Castilla Leon</h2></strong>\n\n&nbsp;\n\nVery important wine region with five important DOs\n\nDO Ribera del Duero\n\nDO Rueda\n\nDO Toro\n\nDO Bierzo\n\nDO Cigales\n\nAlso very important production of Vino de la Tierra de Castilla Leon\n\nDO Ribera del Duero\n\nDO since 1982\n\nConsidered to produce some of the finest red wines in Spain\n\nTrendy and fast-growing areas\n\nPrices can be quite high\n\n8,000 ha of vineyards and over 178 wineries.\n\nGrape variety:  Tinto Fino, a variant of Tempranillo\n\nClimate: Continental with some Med influences\n\nDO Rueda\n\nSmall wine region (6000ha) with 36 wineries\n\nWhite wines from Verdejo and Sauvignon Blanc\n\nCreated in 1980 for whites\n\nSince 2001 open to reds\n\nThe wines are attractive modern, cold-fermented whites\n\nThe climate is wind-swept continental\n\nDO Toro\n\nGained fame over last ten years\n\nPowerful red wines\n\nSome good value wines, but many more expensive now\n\nSmall DO created in 1987: 34 wineries\n\nMain varietal: Tinta de Toro (Tempranillo)\n\nContinental climate\n\nDO Bierzo\n\n“Gateway to Galicia”: Currently high profile\n\nSmall red and white producing area\n\nDO created in 1988: 39 wineries\n\nMain grapes: Mencía and Godello\n\nMild climate\n\n&nbsp;\n\n<h2><strong>Cataluña</h2></strong>\n\n&nbsp;\n\nHuge region with 12 DOs with many climatic and geographic variations\n\n1999: a region DO called DO Cataluña\n\nStrongest on whites but also great reds\n\nWidespread use of indigenous varieties\n\nWidespread use of French varieties\n\n90% of Cava produced here\n\nKey in spread of modern equipment and techniques\n\nAll of the DOs are improving dramatically\n\nDO Penedés\n\nImportant DO since 1960:  150 wineries\n\nImportant innovator in wine\n\nCenter of Cava production\n\nAlso elegant whites and reds\n\nDOCa Priorat\n\nSmall, exclusive DO since 1954: 26 wineries\n\nVery expensive wines\n\nFamous for huge, mineral red wines\n\nUnique soils: licorella\n\nUse of Garnacha and Cariñena with French varieties\n\nDO Montsant\n\nSimilar wines to Priorat…less expensive\n\nDO Terra Alta\n\nStill rustic at times…similar potential to Priorat\n\nDO Alella\n\nTiny coastal DO: mostly known for whites\n\nDO Apurdán-Costa Brava\n\nSmall coastal DO known traditionally for rosados\n\nDO Concá de Barbera\n\nMedium size interior DO used as source for cava wines\n\nDO Costers de Segre\n\nSmall interior DO used a source for cava wines\n\nDO Plá de Bagés\n\nTiny interior DO known for crisp whites\n\nDO Tarragona\n\nLarge coastal/interior DO makes a wide variety of wines\n\n&nbsp;\n\n<h2><strong>Castilla La Mancha</h2></strong>\n\n&nbsp;\n\nHuge region: one of the biggest in the world\n\n9 DOs:  more being created\n\nVery hot region producing Mediterranean style red wines\n\nVery good value and improving quality\n\nLots of jug wine still!\n\nVery good Vinos de la Tierra de Castilla\n\nAlso several Vinos de Pago\n\nDO La Mancha\n\nEnormous DO making good quality wine from Tempranillo\n\nDO Valdepeñas\n\nVery large DO making traditional wines from Tempranillo\n\nOther DOs\n\nDO Almansa, DO Manchela, DO Méntrida, DO Mondéjar, DO Riber del Júcar\n\nDO Vinos de Madrid\n\nNot technically La Mancha, but similar situation and similar wines\n\nImproving...but best wines are expensive\n\n&nbsp;\n\n\n\n<h2><strong>Aragon</h2></strong>\n\n&nbsp;\n\nLarge region with 4 DOs\n\nOne is very high quality, the other three improving rapidly\n\nLots of jug wine made here\n\nExcellent climate for high quality wine\n\nDO Somontano\n\nSmall, but growing DO with excellent quality\n\nVery good prices\n\nElegant, varied wines from indigenous and French varieties\n\nDO Calatayud\n\nMedium DO still rustic but interesting old-vine Garnacha and cavas\n\nDO Cariñena\n\nLarge DO making lots of jug wine and some interesting old-vine Garnacha\n\nDO Campo de Borja\n\nMedium DO with lots of Garnacha\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n<h2><strong>Galicia</h2></strong>\n\n&nbsp;\n\nMild, wet region known for interesting whites with 5 DOs\n\nDO Rias Baixas\n\nTop quality, small DO making whites from Albariño\n\nHumidity, rain, main challenges\n\nNo bulk wine allowed\n\nWines can be pricy\n\nDO Valdeorras\n\nHigh quality small DO on border with Leon\n\nEastern, sheltered location gives more full-bodied whites and reds from Godello and Mencía\n\nDO Monterei\n\nHot, sheltered, tiny DO makes mostly reds\n\nDO Ribeiro\n\nSmall, coastal DO makes light, spritzy, blended whites\n\nDO Ribera Sacra\n\nSmall DO making traditional Galician whites\n\n&nbsp;\n\n<h2><strong>Navarra and Basque Country</h2></strong>\n\n&nbsp;\n\nOne large DO and 3 tiny ones\n\nDO Navarra\n\nLarge DO making some very good wines: 109 wineries\n\nUse of a lot of indigenous and foreign grapes\n\nReputation built on rosés\n\nNow many more interesting reds and whites\n\nCross between continental and Atlantic climate\n\nDO Txacoli\n\nThree separate DOs: Alava, Getaria, Vizcaya\n\nMaking vinho verde style wines from local varieties\n\nHondarribi Zuri and Hondarribi Beltza\n\nMost are easy-drinking quaffers, but a few more serious wines being made now\n\n&nbsp;\n\n<h2><strong>Valencia and Murcia</h2></strong>\n\n&nbsp;\n\nLarge jug wine areas now making very interesting wines\n\nMurcia:  3 DOs\n\nDO Jumilla\n\nEnormous DO with growing reputation for quality wines\n\nRed, quality wines based on Monastrell\n\nInteresting dessert wines\n\nDO Bullas\n\nSmall DO with higher altitude makes some interesting reds from Monastrell\n\nDO Yecla\n\nMedium DO similar to Jumilla\n\nValencia: 3 DOs\n\nDO Valencia\n\nLarge DO making mostly insipid whites, but has potential for reds from Monastrell\n\nDO Utiel Requena\n\nHuge DO making lots of red jug wine\n\nVery good wines being made from Bobal\n\nDO Alicante\n\nLarge DO traditionally know for sweet wines\n\nNow making good reds from Monastrell\n\n&nbsp;\n\n<h2><strong>Extremadura</h2></strong>\n\n&nbsp;\n\nLarge DO (Ribera del Guadiana) making mostly jug wines\n\nGood potential but little results\n\nBest results in whites, though reds should be better\n\nMany grapes varieties:  Tempranillo and Garnacha dominate\n\n&nbsp;\n\n<h2><strong>Balearic Islands</h2></strong>\n\n&nbsp;\n\nTiny production\n\nMost wine made for local tourist consumption\n\nCheap and cheerful\n\nSome quality red wine made but quite pricy\n\nLocal varieties such as Callet, Fogoneu, Manto Negro\n\n&nbsp;\n\n<h2><strong>Canaries</h2></strong>\n\n&nbsp;\n\nMedium production made for tourist industry\n\nLocal varieties such as Listran and Malvasia\n\nWhites much better than reds\n\n&nbsp;\n\n<h2><strong>Andalucia</h2></strong>\n\n&nbsp;\n\nMostly fortified wines, but some interesting table wines being made in Malaga and around Granada\n\nDO Jerez\n\nLarge DO of 10,000 hectares\n\nMakes of fortified white wines of many types\n\nGrapes:\n\nPalomino for dry sherries\n\nMoscatel and PX for sweet wines\n\nNon-vintage wines made in criadera and solera systems\n\nLike cava and champagne\n\nTo preserve house style\n\nFinos and Manzanillas\n\nMade in reductive style under protective \"flor\"\n\nDry and fresh\n\nAmontillado\n\nAged Fino\n\nHas oxidative notes plus freshness of Fino\n\nOloroso:\n\nSolera without flor\n\nOxidized style:  nutty, brown\n\nAll start out dry:  some have PX added for sweetness\n\nPalo Cortado\n\nRarest style\n\nCross between Oloroso and Amontillado\n\nHas flor for short time\n\nSweet sherries\n\nMoscatel and PX dried to raisins\n\nUsed as varietal wines and blenders\n\nDO Montilla Moriles\n\nVery similar wines to sherry but using PX as base wine\n\nWhole range from Fino to sweet stickies\n\nDO Malaga\n\nFortified dessert wines from Moscatel and PX\n\nDO Huelva\n\nSimilar wines to Jerez\n\n&nbsp;\n\n<h2><strong>Cava\n\n&nbsp;\n\nA style DO, not geographic\n\nSparkling wine made in Champenoise style\n\nMostly white, some rosé\n\nTop sales in world before champagne\n\nProduced in 160 municipalities\n\nCataluña:  90% of cava made here\n\nOther provinces:  Rioja, Valencia, Extremadura, Aragon\n\nThree traditional grapes:  Macabeo, Parellada, Xarel.lo\n\nOther grapes:  Chardonnay, Monastrell, Pinot Noir\n\nTendency:  use of more French varieties\n<div></div>','Spanish Wine Regions','','inherit','open','open','','606-revision','','','2012-10-21 06:09:27','2012-10-21 06:09:27','',606,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/606-revision/',0,'revision','',0),(610,1,'2012-10-21 06:18:52','2012-10-21 06:18:52','','Wines from Spain Regional Map','Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map','inherit','open','open','','wines-from-spain-regional-map','','','2012-10-21 06:18:52','2012-10-21 06:18:52','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png',0,'attachment','image/png',0),(611,1,'2012-10-21 06:00:54','2012-10-21 06:00:54','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</h2></strong>\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-28','','','2012-10-21 06:00:54','2012-10-21 06:00:54','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-28/',0,'revision','',0),(612,1,'2012-10-21 06:20:38','2012-10-21 06:20:38','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check here.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"300\"]<a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-610\" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-29','','','2012-10-21 06:20:38','2012-10-21 06:20:38','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-29/',0,'revision','',0),(613,1,'2012-10-21 06:23:08','2012-10-21 06:23:08','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check here.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"603\"]<a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\"><img class=\"size-full wp-image-610\" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"603\" height=\"602\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-30','','','2012-10-21 06:23:08','2012-10-21 06:23:08','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-30/',0,'revision','',0),(614,1,'2012-10-21 06:24:11','2012-10-21 06:24:11','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check here.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"603\"]<a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\"><img class=\"size-full wp-image-610 \" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"603\" height=\"602\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-31','','','2012-10-21 06:24:11','2012-10-21 06:24:11','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-31/',0,'revision','',0),(615,1,'2012-10-21 06:30:08','2012-10-21 06:30:08','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check here.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"482\"]<a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\"><img class=\" wp-image-610  \" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"482\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>North Central Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>The Ebro River Valley</strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>The Meseta</strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>The Mediterranean Coast</strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>Andalucia</strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>Islands of Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-32','','','2012-10-21 06:30:08','2012-10-21 06:30:08','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-32/',0,'revision','',0),(616,1,'2012-10-21 06:31:50','2012-10-21 06:31:50','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-wine-regions/\">here</a>.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"482\"]<a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\"><img class=\" wp-image-610  \" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"482\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>North Central Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>The Ebro River Valley</strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>The Meseta</strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>The Mediterranean Coast</strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>Andalucia</strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>Islands of Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-33','','','2012-10-21 06:31:50','2012-10-21 06:31:50','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-33/',0,'revision','',0),(617,1,'2012-10-21 06:33:24','2012-10-21 06:33:24','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-wine-regions/\">here</a>.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"482\"]<a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\"><img class=\" wp-image-610  \" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"482\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>North Central Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Ebro River Valley</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Meseta</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Mediterranean Coast</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Andalucia</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Islands of Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-34','','','2012-10-21 06:33:24','2012-10-21 06:33:24','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-34/',0,'revision','',0),(618,1,'2013-01-16 19:00:13','2013-01-16 19:00:13','<h2><strong>Rioja</strong></h2>\n&nbsp;\n\nThe Denominacion de Origen (DO) is located in Rioja, Basque Country, Navarra\n<ul>\n	<li>Large area known for red and some whites</li>\n	<li>Three sub zones: Alta,  Alavesa, and Baja</li>\n	<li>Most densely planted area in Spain</li>\n	<li>Classic wine region that led the way\n<ul>\n	<li>Brought French influence in 19th century</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n	<li>Most famous Spanish wine region internationally</li>\n	<li>DO created in 1925 (1st)</li>\n	<li>DOCa since 1991</li>\n	<li>65,000 hectares</li>\n	<li>More than 600 wineries</li>\n	<li>Main grape: Tempranillo</li>\n	<li>Also: Garnacha, Mazuelo, Graciano</li>\n	<li>Experimental grape: Cabernet Sauvignon</li>\n	<li>Mild climatological conditions: Atlantic influence</li>\n</ul>\nAssessment:  huge player in industry.  Lots of mediocre wine though good value and good quality wines abound. Somewhat of a stylistic identity crisis as the older traditional styles are pitted against the more modern styles that have become more popular.  Large range of styles without label indication can lead to confusion amongst consumers.\n\n&nbsp;\n<h2><strong>Castilla Leon</strong></h2>\nHuge area with five important DOs\n<ul>\n	<li>DO Ribera del Duero</li>\n	<li>DO Rueda</li>\n	<li>DO Toro</li>\n	<li>DO Bierzo</li>\n	<li>DO Cigales</li>\n</ul>\nAlso very important is the production of Vino de la Tierra de Castilla Leon\n\n<strong>DO Ribera del Duero</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>DO since 1982</li>\n	<li>Considered to produce some of the finest red wines in Spain</li>\n	<li>Trendy and fast-growing areas</li>\n	<li>Prices can be quite high</li>\n	<li>Wines can be over-oaked</li>\n	<li>8,000 ha of vineyards and over 200 wineries.</li>\n	<li>Main grape variety:  Tinto Fino, a variant of Tempranillo</li>\n	<li>Climate: Continental with some Med influences</li>\n</ul>\n<div>Very popular, especially in Madrid.  Climate gives very intense wines with great fruit and tannins...current trends in wine-making as led to some excessive oaking practices.  Can be very pricy and not always good value, but with careful selection, these are outstanding wines.</div>\n<strong>DO Rueda</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Small wine region (6000ha) with 36 wineries</li>\n	<li>White wines from Verdejo and Sauvignon Blanc</li>\n	<li>Created in 1980 for whites</li>\n	<li>Since 2001 open to reds (but few if any)</li>\n	<li>The wines are attractive modern, cold-fermented whites, usually un-oaked</li>\n	<li>Now a percentage are barrel fermented</li>\n	<li>The climate is wind-swept continental</li>\n</ul>\n<div>Fantastic value whites that are ubiquitous throughout Spain.  Very consistent. at all price points.  Some of the oaked one can be over-oaked but that has been better in recent years.  The un-oaked ones are unbelievable value for money.</div>\n<strong>DO Toro</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Gained fame over last ten years</li>\n	<li>Powerful red wines with big tannins and fruit</li>\n	<li>Some good value wines, but many more expensive now</li>\n	<li>Small DO created in 1987: 34 wineries</li>\n	<li>Main varietal: Tinta de Toro (Tempranillo)</li>\n	<li>Extreme continental climate</li>\n</ul>\n<div>Super intense wines...like Ribera, but more so.  Better value than Ribera del Duero for those who like them.</div>\n<strong>DO Bierzo</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>“Gateway to Galicia”: Currently high profile</li>\n	<li>Small red and white producing area</li>\n	<li>DO created in 1988: 39 wineries</li>\n	<li>Main grapes: Mencía (red) and Godello (white)</li>\n	<li>Mild climate</li>\n</ul>\n<div>Excellent reds form Mencia and whites from Godello.  Can be good value though prices have risen due to recent popularity and small production.</div>\n&nbsp;\n<h2><strong>Cataluña</strong></h2>\n<ul>\n	<li>Huge region with 12 DOs with many climatic and geographic variations</li>\n	<li>1999: a regional DO called DO Cataluña</li>\n	<li>Strongest on whites but also great reds</li>\n	<li>Widespread use of indigenous varieties</li>\n	<li>Widespread use of international varieties</li>\n	<li>90% of Cava produced here</li>\n	<li>Key in spread of modern equipment and techniques</li>\n	<li>All of the DOs are improving dramatically</li>\n</ul>\n<div>Great wines!  Can be pricy compared to other Spanish regions.</div>\n<strong>DO Penedés</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Important DO since 1960:  150 wineries</li>\n	<li>Important innovator in wine</li>\n	<li>Center of Cava production</li>\n	<li>Also elegant whites and reds</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DOCa Priorat</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Small, exclusive DO since 1954: 26 wineries</li>\n	<li>Very expensive wines</li>\n	<li>Crisis times hav eled to some more reasonably priced entry-level wines</li>\n	<li>Famous for huge, mineral red wines:  very distinctive aromas</li>\n	<li>Unique slate soils: licorella</li>\n	<li>Use of Garnacha and Cariñena with French varieties</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Montsant</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Best wine similar wines to Priorat…less expensive</li>\n	<li>Lesser wines are lighter style</li>\n	<li>Can be excellent value</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Terra Alta</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Still rustic at times…similar potential to Priorat or Montsant</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Alella</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Tiny coastal DO: mostly known for whites</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Apurdán-Costa Brava</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Small coastal DO known traditionally for rosados</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Concá de Barbera</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Medium size interior DO used as source for cava wines</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Costers de Segre</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Small interior DO used a source for cava wines</li>\n	<li>Dominated by one big producer:  Raimat</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Plá de Bagés</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Tiny interior DO known for crisp whites</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Tarragona</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Large coastal/interior DO makes a wide variety of wines</li>\n	<li>Big range in quality</li>\n</ul>\n&nbsp;\n<h2><strong>Castilla La Mancha</strong></h2>\n<ul>\n	<li> Huge region: one of the biggest in the world</li>\n	<li>8 DOs:  more being created</li>\n	<li>8 Vinos de Pago or single estate appellations</li>\n	<li>Very hot region producing Mediterranean style red wines</li>\n	<li>Very good value and improving quality</li>\n	<li>Lots of jug wine still!</li>\n	<li>Very good regional wine category Vinos de la Tierra de Castilla</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO La Mancha</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Enormous DO making some good quality wine from Tempranillo</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Valdepeñas</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Very large DO making traditional wines from Tempranillo</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>Other DOs</strong>\n\nDO Almansa, DO Manchela, DO Méntrida, DO Mondéjar, DO Riber del Júcar\n\n<strong>DO Vinos de Madrid</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Not technically La Mancha, but similar climate and similar wines</li>\n	<li>Improving rapidly</li>\n	<li>Best wines are expensive due to demand and small production</li>\n	<li>Some interesting old vine vineyards</li>\n</ul>\n&nbsp;\n<h2><strong>Aragon</strong></h2>\n<ul>\n	<li> Large region with 4 DOs</li>\n	<li>One is very high quality, the other three improving rapidly</li>\n	<li>Lots of jug wine still made here</li>\n	<li>Excellent climate for high quality wine</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Somontano</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Small, but growing DO with excellent quality</li>\n	<li>Rising prices</li>\n	<li>Elegant, racy wines from indigenous and especially international varieties</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Calatayud</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Medium DO still rustic but interesting old-vine Garnacha and cavas</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Cariñena</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Large DO making lots of jug wine and some interesting old-vine Garnacha</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Campo de Borja</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Medium DO with lots of old-vine Garnacha</li>\n</ul>\n&nbsp;\n<h2><strong>Galicia</strong></h2>\n<ul>\n	<li> Mild, wet region known for interesting whites and increasingly, reds</li>\n	<li> 5 DOs</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Rias Baixas</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Good quality, small DO making whites from Albariño</li>\n	<li>Humidity, rain, main challenges</li>\n	<li>No bulk wine allowed (sign of quality)</li>\n	<li>Wines can be pricy and quality can vary</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Valdeorras</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>High quality small DO on border with Leon</li>\n	<li>Eastern, sheltered location gives more full-bodied whites and reds from Godello and Mencía</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Monterei</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Hot, sheltered, tiny DO makes mostly reds</li>\n	<li>Improving rapidly</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Ribeiro</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Small, coastal DO makes light, spritzy, blended whites</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Ribera Sacra</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Small DO making traditional Galician whites</li>\n</ul>\n&nbsp;\n<h2><strong>Navarra and Basque Country</strong></h2>\n<ul>\n	<li> One large DO and 3 tiny ones</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Navarra</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Large DO making some very good wines: 109 wineries</li>\n	<li>Use of a lot of indigenous and foreign grapes</li>\n	<li>Reputation built on rosés</li>\n	<li>Now many more interesting reds and whites</li>\n	<li>Cross between continental and Atlantic climate</li>\n	<li>Huge variety of styles can lead to confusion</li>\n	<li>Excellent prices for very good wines</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Txacoli</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Three separate DOs: Alava, Getaria, Vizcaya</li>\n	<li>Making vinho verde-style wines from local varieties</li>\n	<li>Hondarribi Zuri and Hondarribi Beltza</li>\n	<li>Most are easy-drinking quaffers, but a few more serious wines being made now</li>\n</ul>\n&nbsp;\n<h2><strong>Valencia and Murcia</strong></h2>\n<ul>\n	<li>Large jug wine areas now making very interesting wines</li>\n</ul>\n<h2>Murcia:</h2>\n3 DOs\n\n<strong>DO Jumilla</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Enormous DO with growing reputation for quality wines</li>\n	<li>Red, quality wines based on Monastrell</li>\n	<li>Lots of other varietals represented</li>\n	<li>Interesting dessert wines</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Bullas</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Small DO with higher altitude makes some interesting reds from Monastrell</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Yecla</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Medium DO similar to Jumilla</li>\n</ul>\n<h2>Valencia:</h2>\n3 DOs\n\n<strong>DO Valencia</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Large DO making mostly insipid whites, but has potential for reds from Monastrell</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Utiel Requena</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Huge DO making lots of red jug wine</li>\n	<li>Very good red wines being made from Bobal</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Alicante</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Large DO traditionally know for sweet wines</li>\n	<li>Now making good reds from Monastrell</li>\n</ul>\n&nbsp;\n<h2><strong>Extremadura</strong></h2>\n<ul>\n	<li> Large DO (Ribera del Guadiana) making mostly jug wines</li>\n	<li>Good potential but little results</li>\n	<li>Best results in whites, though reds should be better</li>\n	<li>Many grapes varieties:  Tempranillo and Garnacha dominate</li>\n</ul>\n&nbsp;\n<h2><strong>Balearic Islands</strong></h2>\n<ul>\n	<li> Tiny production</li>\n	<li>Most wine made for local tourist consumption\n<ul>\n	<li>Cheap and cheerful!</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n	<li>Some quality red wine made but quite pricy</li>\n	<li>Local varieties such as Callet, Fogoneu, Manto Negro are very interesting</li>\n	<li>Best wines are remarkably elegant and fresh considering hot climate</li>\n</ul>\n&nbsp;\n<h2><strong>Canaries</strong></h2>\n<ul>\n	<li>Medium production made for tourist industry</li>\n	<li>Local varieties such as Listan negra y Blanca and Malvasia</li>\n	<li>Whites much better than reds, but reds improving</li>\n</ul>\n&nbsp;\n<h2><strong>Andalucia</strong></h2>\n<ul>\n	<li>Mostly fortified wines, but some interesting table wines being made in Malaga and around Granada</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Jerez</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Large DO of 10,000 hectares</li>\n	<li>Makes of fortified white wines of in 15 styles, mostly dry</li>\n	<li>Grapes:\n<ul>\n	<li>Palomino for dry sherries</li>\n	<li>Moscatel and PX for sweet wines</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n	<li>Non-vintage wines made in criadera and solera systems, fractional blending system\n<ul>\n	<li>Like cava and champagne</li>\n	<li>To preserve house style</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n	<li>Finos and Manzanillas\n<ul>\n	<li>Made in reductive style under protective \"flor\"</li>\n	<li>Dry and fresh</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n	<li>Amontillado\n<ul>\n	<li>Aged Fino</li>\n	<li>Has oxidative notes plus freshness of Fino</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n	<li>Oloroso:\n<ul>\n	<li>Solera without flor</li>\n	<li>Oxidized style:  nutty, brown</li>\n	<li>All start out dry:  some have PX added for sweetness</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n	<li>Palo Cortado\n<ul>\n	<li>Rarest style</li>\n	<li>Cross between Oloroso and Amontillado</li>\n	<li>Has flor for short time</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n	<li>Sweet sherries\n<ul>\n	<li>Moscatel and PX dried to raisins</li>\n	<li>Used as varietal wines and blenders</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Montilla Moriles</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Very similar wines to sherry but using PX as base wine</li>\n	<li>Whole range from Fino to sweet stickies</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Malaga/Sierras de Malaga</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Fortified dessert wines from Moscatel and PX</li>\n</ul>\n<strong>DO Huelva</strong>\n<ul>\n	<li>Similar wines to Jerez</li>\n</ul>\n&nbsp;\n<h2><strong>Cava</strong></h2>\n<ul>\n	<li> A style DO, not geographic</li>\n	<li>Sparkling wine made in Champenoise style</li>\n	<li>Mostly white, some rosé</li>\n	<li>Second in sales in world after champagne</li>\n	<li>Cataluña:  90% of cava made here</li>\n	<li>Other provinces:  Rioja, Valencia, Extremadura, Aragon</li>\n	<li>Three traditional grapes:  Macabeo, Parellada, Xarel.lo</li>\n	<li>Other grapes:  Chardonnay, Monastrell, Pinot Noir</li>\n	<li>Tendency:  use of more French varieties</li>\n	<li>Minmum aging over lees before disgorgement: 9 months</li>\n</ul>\n<div></div>','Spanish Wine Regions','','inherit','open','open','','606-autosave','','','2013-01-16 19:00:13','2013-01-16 19:00:13','',606,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/606-autosave/',0,'revision','',0),(619,1,'2012-10-21 06:09:47','2012-10-21 06:09:47','<h2><strong>Rioja</h2></strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nRioja, Basque Country, Navarra\r\n\r\nLarge area known for red and some whites\r\n\r\nThree sub zones\r\n\r\nRioja Alta and Alavesa\r\n\r\nRioja Baja\r\n\r\nMost densely planted area in Spain\r\n\r\nClassic wine region that led the way\r\n\r\nBrought French influence in 19th century\r\n\r\nMost famous Spanish wine region internationally\r\n\r\nDO created in 1925 (1st)\r\n\r\nDOCa since 1991\r\n\r\n65,000 hectares\r\n\r\nMore than 550 wineries\r\n\r\nMain grape: Tempranillo\r\n\r\nAlso: Garnacha, Mazuelo, Graciano\r\n\r\nExperimental grape: Cabernet Sauvignon\r\n\r\nSomewhat of an identity crisis\r\n\r\nModern vs traditional\r\n\r\nMild climatological conditions\r\n\r\nAtlantic influence\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Castilla Leon</h2></strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nVery important wine region with five important DOs\r\n\r\nDO Ribera del Duero\r\n\r\nDO Rueda\r\n\r\nDO Toro\r\n\r\nDO Bierzo\r\n\r\nDO Cigales\r\n\r\nAlso very important production of Vino de la Tierra de Castilla Leon\r\n\r\nDO Ribera del Duero\r\n\r\nDO since 1982\r\n\r\nConsidered to produce some of the finest red wines in Spain\r\n\r\nTrendy and fast-growing areas\r\n\r\nPrices can be quite high\r\n\r\n8,000 ha of vineyards and over 178 wineries.\r\n\r\nGrape variety:  Tinto Fino, a variant of Tempranillo\r\n\r\nClimate: Continental with some Med influences\r\n\r\nDO Rueda\r\n\r\nSmall wine region (6000ha) with 36 wineries\r\n\r\nWhite wines from Verdejo and Sauvignon Blanc\r\n\r\nCreated in 1980 for whites\r\n\r\nSince 2001 open to reds\r\n\r\nThe wines are attractive modern, cold-fermented whites\r\n\r\nThe climate is wind-swept continental\r\n\r\nDO Toro\r\n\r\nGained fame over last ten years\r\n\r\nPowerful red wines\r\n\r\nSome good value wines, but many more expensive now\r\n\r\nSmall DO created in 1987: 34 wineries\r\n\r\nMain varietal: Tinta de Toro (Tempranillo)\r\n\r\nContinental climate\r\n\r\nDO Bierzo\r\n\r\n“Gateway to Galicia”: Currently high profile\r\n\r\nSmall red and white producing area\r\n\r\nDO created in 1988: 39 wineries\r\n\r\nMain grapes: Mencía and Godello\r\n\r\nMild climate\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Cataluña</h2></strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nHuge region with 12 DOs with many climatic and geographic variations\r\n\r\n1999: a region DO called DO Cataluña\r\n\r\nStrongest on whites but also great reds\r\n\r\nWidespread use of indigenous varieties\r\n\r\nWidespread use of French varieties\r\n\r\n90% of Cava produced here\r\n\r\nKey in spread of modern equipment and techniques\r\n\r\nAll of the DOs are improving dramatically\r\n\r\nDO Penedés\r\n\r\nImportant DO since 1960:  150 wineries\r\n\r\nImportant innovator in wine\r\n\r\nCenter of Cava production\r\n\r\nAlso elegant whites and reds\r\n\r\nDOCa Priorat\r\n\r\nSmall, exclusive DO since 1954: 26 wineries\r\n\r\nVery expensive wines\r\n\r\nFamous for huge, mineral red wines\r\n\r\nUnique soils: licorella\r\n\r\nUse of Garnacha and Cariñena with French varieties\r\n\r\nDO Montsant\r\n\r\nSimilar wines to Priorat…less expensive\r\n\r\nDO Terra Alta\r\n\r\nStill rustic at times…similar potential to Priorat\r\n\r\nDO Alella\r\n\r\nTiny coastal DO: mostly known for whites\r\n\r\nDO Apurdán-Costa Brava\r\n\r\nSmall coastal DO known traditionally for rosados\r\n\r\nDO Concá de Barbera\r\n\r\nMedium size interior DO used as source for cava wines\r\n\r\nDO Costers de Segre\r\n\r\nSmall interior DO used a source for cava wines\r\n\r\nDO Plá de Bagés\r\n\r\nTiny interior DO known for crisp whites\r\n\r\nDO Tarragona\r\n\r\nLarge coastal/interior DO makes a wide variety of wines\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Castilla La Mancha</h2></strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nHuge region: one of the biggest in the world\r\n\r\n9 DOs:  more being created\r\n\r\nVery hot region producing Mediterranean style red wines\r\n\r\nVery good value and improving quality\r\n\r\nLots of jug wine still!\r\n\r\nVery good Vinos de la Tierra de Castilla\r\n\r\nAlso several Vinos de Pago\r\n\r\nDO La Mancha\r\n\r\nEnormous DO making good quality wine from Tempranillo\r\n\r\nDO Valdepeñas\r\n\r\nVery large DO making traditional wines from Tempranillo\r\n\r\nOther DOs\r\n\r\nDO Almansa, DO Manchela, DO Méntrida, DO Mondéjar, DO Riber del Júcar\r\n\r\nDO Vinos de Madrid\r\n\r\nNot technically La Mancha, but similar situation and similar wines\r\n\r\nImproving...but best wines are expensive\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Aragon</h2></strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nLarge region with 4 DOs\r\n\r\nOne is very high quality, the other three improving rapidly\r\n\r\nLots of jug wine made here\r\n\r\nExcellent climate for high quality wine\r\n\r\nDO Somontano\r\n\r\nSmall, but growing DO with excellent quality\r\n\r\nVery good prices\r\n\r\nElegant, varied wines from indigenous and French varieties\r\n\r\nDO Calatayud\r\n\r\nMedium DO still rustic but interesting old-vine Garnacha and cavas\r\n\r\nDO Cariñena\r\n\r\nLarge DO making lots of jug wine and some interesting old-vine Garnacha\r\n\r\nDO Campo de Borja\r\n\r\nMedium DO with lots of Garnacha\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Galicia</h2></strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nMild, wet region known for interesting whites with 5 DOs\r\n\r\nDO Rias Baixas\r\n\r\nTop quality, small DO making whites from Albariño\r\n\r\nHumidity, rain, main challenges\r\n\r\nNo bulk wine allowed\r\n\r\nWines can be pricy\r\n\r\nDO Valdeorras\r\n\r\nHigh quality small DO on border with Leon\r\n\r\nEastern, sheltered location gives more full-bodied whites and reds from Godello and Mencía\r\n\r\nDO Monterei\r\n\r\nHot, sheltered, tiny DO makes mostly reds\r\n\r\nDO Ribeiro\r\n\r\nSmall, coastal DO makes light, spritzy, blended whites\r\n\r\nDO Ribera Sacra\r\n\r\nSmall DO making traditional Galician whites\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Navarra and Basque Country</h2></strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nOne large DO and 3 tiny ones\r\n\r\nDO Navarra\r\n\r\nLarge DO making some very good wines: 109 wineries\r\n\r\nUse of a lot of indigenous and foreign grapes\r\n\r\nReputation built on rosés\r\n\r\nNow many more interesting reds and whites\r\n\r\nCross between continental and Atlantic climate\r\n\r\nDO Txacoli\r\n\r\nThree separate DOs: Alava, Getaria, Vizcaya\r\n\r\nMaking vinho verde style wines from local varieties\r\n\r\nHondarribi Zuri and Hondarribi Beltza\r\n\r\nMost are easy-drinking quaffers, but a few more serious wines being made now\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Valencia and Murcia</h2></strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nLarge jug wine areas now making very interesting wines\r\n\r\nMurcia:  3 DOs\r\n\r\nDO Jumilla\r\n\r\nEnormous DO with growing reputation for quality wines\r\n\r\nRed, quality wines based on Monastrell\r\n\r\nInteresting dessert wines\r\n\r\nDO Bullas\r\n\r\nSmall DO with higher altitude makes some interesting reds from Monastrell\r\n\r\nDO Yecla\r\n\r\nMedium DO similar to Jumilla\r\n\r\nValencia: 3 DOs\r\n\r\nDO Valencia\r\n\r\nLarge DO making mostly insipid whites, but has potential for reds from Monastrell\r\n\r\nDO Utiel Requena\r\n\r\nHuge DO making lots of red jug wine\r\n\r\nVery good wines being made from Bobal\r\n\r\nDO Alicante\r\n\r\nLarge DO traditionally know for sweet wines\r\n\r\nNow making good reds from Monastrell\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Extremadura</h2></strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nLarge DO (Ribera del Guadiana) making mostly jug wines\r\n\r\nGood potential but little results\r\n\r\nBest results in whites, though reds should be better\r\n\r\nMany grapes varieties:  Tempranillo and Garnacha dominate\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Balearic Islands</h2></strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nTiny production\r\n\r\nMost wine made for local tourist consumption\r\n\r\nCheap and cheerful\r\n\r\nSome quality red wine made but quite pricy\r\n\r\nLocal varieties such as Callet, Fogoneu, Manto Negro\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Canaries</h2></strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nMedium production made for tourist industry\r\n\r\nLocal varieties such as Listran and Malvasia\r\n\r\nWhites much better than reds\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Andalucia</h2></strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nMostly fortified wines, but some interesting table wines being made in Malaga and around Granada\r\n\r\nDO Jerez\r\n\r\nLarge DO of 10,000 hectares\r\n\r\nMakes of fortified white wines of many types\r\n\r\nGrapes:\r\n\r\nPalomino for dry sherries\r\n\r\nMoscatel and PX for sweet wines\r\n\r\nNon-vintage wines made in criadera and solera systems\r\n\r\nLike cava and champagne\r\n\r\nTo preserve house style\r\n\r\nFinos and Manzanillas\r\n\r\nMade in reductive style under protective \"flor\"\r\n\r\nDry and fresh\r\n\r\nAmontillado\r\n\r\nAged Fino\r\n\r\nHas oxidative notes plus freshness of Fino\r\n\r\nOloroso:\r\n\r\nSolera without flor\r\n\r\nOxidized style:  nutty, brown\r\n\r\nAll start out dry:  some have PX added for sweetness\r\n\r\nPalo Cortado\r\n\r\nRarest style\r\n\r\nCross between Oloroso and Amontillado\r\n\r\nHas flor for short time\r\n\r\nSweet sherries\r\n\r\nMoscatel and PX dried to raisins\r\n\r\nUsed as varietal wines and blenders\r\n\r\nDO Montilla Moriles\r\n\r\nVery similar wines to sherry but using PX as base wine\r\n\r\nWhole range from Fino to sweet stickies\r\n\r\nDO Malaga\r\n\r\nFortified dessert wines from Moscatel and PX\r\n\r\nDO Huelva\r\n\r\nSimilar wines to Jerez\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<h2><strong>Cava</h2></strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nA style DO, not geographic\r\n\r\nSparkling wine made in Champenoise style\r\n\r\nMostly white, some rosé\r\n\r\nTop sales in world before champagne\r\n\r\nProduced in 160 municipalities\r\n\r\nCataluña:  90% of cava made here\r\n\r\nOther provinces:  Rioja, Valencia, Extremadura, Aragon\r\n\r\nThree traditional grapes:  Macabeo, Parellada, Xarel.lo\r\n\r\nOther grapes:  Chardonnay, Monastrell, Pinot Noir\r\n\r\nTendency:  use of more French varieties\r\n<div></div>','Spanish Wine Regions','','inherit','open','open','','606-revision-2','','','2012-10-21 06:09:47','2012-10-21 06:09:47','',606,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/606-revision-2/',0,'revision','',0),(620,1,'2012-10-21 06:34:01','2012-10-21 06:34:01','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-wine-regions/\">here</a>.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"482\"]<a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\"><img class=\" wp-image-610  \" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"482\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>North Central Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Ebro River Valley</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Meseta</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Mediterranean Coast</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Andalucia</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Islands of Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-35','','','2012-10-21 06:34:01','2012-10-21 06:34:01','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-35/',0,'revision','',0),(621,1,'2012-10-21 17:29:36','2012-10-21 17:29:36','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-wine-regions/\">here</a>.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"482\"]<a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\"><img class=\" wp-image-610  \" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"482\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>North Central Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Ebro River Valley</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Meseta</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Mediterranean Coast</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Andalucia</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Islands of Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-36','','','2012-10-21 17:29:36','2012-10-21 17:29:36','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-36/',0,'revision','',0),(622,1,'2012-10-21 17:34:52','2012-10-21 17:34:52','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-wine-regions/\">here</a>.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"482\"]<a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\"><img class=\" wp-image-610  \" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"482\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>North Central Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Ebro River Valley</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Meseta</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Mediterranean Coast</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Andalucia</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Islands of Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-37','','','2012-10-21 17:34:52','2012-10-21 17:34:52','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-37/',0,'revision','',0),(623,1,'2012-10-21 19:44:19','2012-10-21 19:44:19','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations or Denominacion de Origen (DO) in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-wine-regions/\">here</a>.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"482\"]<a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\"><img class=\" wp-image-610  \" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"482\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nCalled so because of the abundant rainfall, Green Spain has traditionally been known for light, aromatic whites, the most famous of which is Albariño.  Albariño continues to be a star, but there are so many other great wines from the area, including standout reds from the Mencía grape and delicious, good value whites from Godello.\r\n\r\nThe most important DOs to look out for are:  Rias Baixas, Bierzo and Valdeorras\r\n\r\nGreen Spain also includes Basque country, whose  unique spritzy wine Chacoli (Txacoli) is improving greatly in quality.  It would be most similar in style to Portugal\'s vinho verde and is fun to try.\r\n\r\n<strong>North Central Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Ebro River Valley</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Meseta</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Mediterranean Coast</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Andalucia</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Islands of Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-38','','','2012-10-21 19:44:19','2012-10-21 19:44:19','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-38/',0,'revision','',0),(624,1,'2012-10-21 22:01:10','2012-10-21 22:01:10','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations or Denominacion de Origen (DO) in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-wine-regions/\">here</a>.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"482\"]<a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\"><img class=\" wp-image-610  \" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"482\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nCalled so because of the abundant rainfall, Green Spain has traditionally been known for light, aromatic whites, the most famous of which is Albariño.  Albariño continues to be a star, but there are so many other great wines from the area, including standout reds from the Mencía grape and delicious, good value whites from Godello.\r\n\r\nThe most important DOs to look out for are:  Rias Baixas, Bierzo and Valdeorras\r\n\r\nGreen Spain also includes Basque country, whose  unique spritzy wine Chacoli (Txacoli) is improving greatly in quality.  It would be most similar in style to Portugal\'s vinho verde and is fun to try.\r\n\r\n<strong>North Central Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Ebro River Valley</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Meseta</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Mediterranean Coast</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Andalucia</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Islands of Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-39','','','2012-10-21 22:01:10','2012-10-21 22:01:10','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-39/',0,'revision','',0),(625,1,'2012-10-22 01:24:23','2012-10-22 01:24:23','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations or Denominacion de Origen (DO) in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-wine-regions/\">here</a>.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"482\"]<a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\"><img class=\" wp-image-610  \" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"482\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nCalled so because of the abundant rainfall, Green Spain has traditionally been known for light, aromatic whites, the most famous of which is Albariño.  Albariño continues to be a star, but there are so many other great wines from the area, including standout reds from the Mencía grape and delicious, good value whites from Godello.\r\n\r\nThe most important DOs to look out for are:  Rias Baixas, Bierzo and Valdeorras\r\n\r\nGreen Spain also includes Basque country, whose  unique spritzy wine Chacoli (Txacoli) is improving greatly in quality.  It would be most similar in style to Portugal\'s vinho verde and is fun to try.\r\n\r\n<strong>North Central Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n<strong></strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>The Ebro River Valley</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Meseta</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Mediterranean Coast</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Andalucia</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Islands of Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-40','','','2012-10-22 01:24:23','2012-10-22 01:24:23','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-40/',0,'revision','',0),(626,1,'2012-10-22 02:06:12','2012-10-22 02:06:12','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations or Denominacion de Origen (DO) in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-wine-regions/\">here</a>.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"482\"]<a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\"><img class=\" wp-image-610  \" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"482\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nCalled so because of the abundant rainfall, Green Spain has traditionally been known for light, aromatic whites, the most famous of which is Albariño.  Albariño continues to be a star, but there are so many other great wines from the area, including standout reds from the Mencía grape and delicious, good value whites from Godello.\r\n\r\nThe most important DOs to look out for are:  Rias Baixas, Bierzo and Valdeorras\r\n\r\nGreen Spain also includes Basque country, whose  unique spritzy wine Chacoli (Txacoli) is improving greatly in quality.  It would be most similar in style to Portugal\'s vinho verde and is fun to try.\r\n\r\n<strong>North Central Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nSome of Spain\'s top reds come from this area, much of which is situated along the Duero River Valley.  The semi-arid conditions and a large differential between day and night temperatures allow for the long, slow ripening of Tempranillo in areas such as Ribera del Duero and Toro.  These reds are intense, with deep fruit and impressive tannic structure, yet they retain good levels of acidity.  Other up and coming DOs in the ares include Cigales, Arribes, Zamora, Tierra de Leon and Arlanza.\r\n\r\nAlso important for red wine is the regional category of wines called Vino de la Tierra de Castilla...some top class wines are made under this category as well as many great value everyday wines.\r\n\r\nWhites play a definite second fiddle in the area with one tremendous exception, that of of Rueda, producing consistently delicious, mostly inexpensive, white wines from the Verdejo grape.  Albariño may be Spaniards favorite white, but Rueda is the workhorse white wine of Spain, served in every bar from coast to coast.  The more basic wines are simple, but very acceptable and the top un-oaked Verdejos can have some complex aromas and minerality paired with a wonderful mouthfeel.....lots of yummy oaked versions too!\r\n\r\n<strong>The Ebro River Valley</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Meseta</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>The Mediterranean Coast</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Andalucia</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Islands of Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-41','','','2012-10-22 02:06:12','2012-10-22 02:06:12','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-41/',0,'revision','',0),(627,1,'2012-10-22 02:28:30','2012-10-22 02:28:30','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations or Denominacion de Origen (DO) in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-wine-regions/\">here</a>.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"482\"]<a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\"><img class=\" wp-image-610  \" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"482\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nCalled so because of the abundant rainfall, Green Spain has traditionally been known for light, aromatic whites, the most famous of which is Albariño.  Albariño continues to be a star, but there are so many other great wines from the area, including standout reds from the Mencía grape and delicious, good value whites from Godello.\r\n\r\nThe most important DOs to look out for are:  Rias Baixas, Bierzo and Valdeorras\r\n\r\nGreen Spain also includes Basque country, whose  unique spritzy wine Chacoli (Txacoli) is improving greatly in quality.  It would be most similar in style to Portugal\'s vinho verde and is fun to try.\r\n\r\n<strong>North Central Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nSome of Spain\'s top reds come from this area, much of which is situated along the Duero River Valley.  The semi-arid conditions and a large differential between day and night temperatures allow for the long, slow ripening of Tempranillo in areas such as Ribera del Duero and Toro.  These reds are intense, with deep fruit and impressive tannic structure, yet they retain good levels of acidity.  Other up and coming DOs in the ares include Cigales, Arribes, Zamora, Tierra de Leon and Arlanza.\r\n\r\nAlso important for red wine is the regional category of wines called Vino de la Tierra de Castilla...some top class wines are made under this category as well as many great value everyday wines.\r\n\r\nWhites play a definite second fiddle in the area with one tremendous exception, that of of Rueda, producing consistently delicious, mostly inexpensive, white wines from the Verdejo grape.  Albariño may be Spaniards favorite white, but Rueda is the workhorse white wine of Spain, served in every bar from coast to coast.  The more basic wines are simple, but very acceptable and the top un-oaked Verdejos can have some complex aromas and minerality paired with a wonderful mouthfeel.....lots of yummy oaked versions too!\r\n\r\n<strong>The Ebro River Valley</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja is the top area in this region, Spain\'s largest fine wine appellation, with an excellent, Atlantic-influenced climate that can produce some very elegant wines.  Reds are heavily based on Tempranillo, though there are some other interesting varieties such as Mazuelo, Graciano and Garnanacha.  Stylistically there is a bit of a challenge at the moment as lighter, elegant traditional styles face off against bolder, bigger modern styles.  The pletora of styles and lack of indication can lead to some confusion amongst consumers.  Rioja , based on Viura (Macabeo), have been improving greatly recently.\r\n\r\nNavarra is Rioja\'s next door neighbor and has long been in it\'s shadow.  It is known within Spain largely for its lovely, cheap rosados.  This is unfortunate because both the reds and whites are deserving of a closer look.  There is an enormous variety in varietals (indigenous and international) and styles, perhaps contributing to image problems.  But the wines are top quality and amazing value.  Favorites include Chardonnays and old vine Grenache.\r\n\r\nAlso grouped in this region are the wines of Aragon, which have been gaining recognition for quality and value of late.  Long known for jug wines, the region first changed its reputation in the area of Somontano with interesting, fresh wines made largely from international varietals.  Since then the DOs of Campo de Borja, Calatayud and Cariñena have gained a reputation for interesting old vine Grenache.\r\n\r\n<strong>The Meseta</strong>\r\n\r\nVery hot and dry, this area is one of the biggest wine regions in the world, producing mostly jug wine.  In the last decades good value quality wine has started to change the area\'s reputation.  Tempranillo is the most important varietal but numorous varieties are represented.  DO La Mancha is the big player but also up and coming are:\r\n\r\n<strong>The Mediterranean Coast</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Andalucia</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Islands of Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-42','','','2012-10-22 02:28:30','2012-10-22 02:28:30','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-42/',0,'revision','',0),(628,1,'2012-10-22 02:37:11','2012-10-22 02:37:11','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations or Denominacion de Origen (DO) in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-wine-regions/\">here</a>.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"482\"]<a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\"><img class=\" wp-image-610  \" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"482\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nCalled so because of the abundant rainfall, Green Spain has traditionally been known for light, aromatic whites, the most famous of which is Albariño.  Albariño continues to be a star, but there are so many other great wines from the area, including standout reds from the Mencía grape and delicious, good value whites from Godello.\r\n\r\nThe most important DOs to look out for are:  Rias Baixas, Bierzo and Valdeorras\r\n\r\nGreen Spain also includes Basque country, whose  unique spritzy wine Chacoli (Txacoli) is improving greatly in quality.  It would be most similar in style to Portugal\'s vinho verde and is fun to try.\r\n\r\n<strong>North Central Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nSome of Spain\'s top reds come from this area, much of which is situated along the Duero River Valley.  The semi-arid conditions and a large differential between day and night temperatures allow for the long, slow ripening of Tempranillo in areas such as Ribera del Duero and Toro.  These reds are intense, with deep fruit and impressive tannic structure, yet they retain good levels of acidity.  Other up and coming DOs in the ares include Cigales, Arribes, Zamora, Tierra de Leon and Arlanza.\r\n\r\nAlso important for red wine is the regional category of wines called Vino de la Tierra de Castilla Leon...some top class wines are made under this category as well as many great value everyday wines.\r\n\r\nWhites play a definite second fiddle in the area with one tremendous exception, that of of Rueda, producing consistently delicious, mostly inexpensive, white wines from the Verdejo grape.  Albariño may be Spaniards favorite white, but Rueda is the workhorse white wine of Spain, served in every bar from coast to coast.  The more basic wines are simple, but very acceptable and the top un-oaked Verdejos can have some complex aromas and minerality paired with a wonderful mouthfeel.....lots of yummy oaked versions too!\r\n\r\n<strong>The Ebro River Valley</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja is the top area in this region, Spain\'s largest fine wine appellation, with an excellent, Atlantic-influenced climate that can produce some very elegant wines.  Reds are heavily based on Tempranillo, though there are some other interesting varieties such as Mazuelo, Graciano and Garnanacha.  Stylistically there is a bit of a challenge at the moment as lighter, elegant traditional styles face off against bolder, bigger modern styles.  The pletora of styles and lack of indication can lead to some confusion amongst consumers.  Rioja , based on Viura (Macabeo), have been improving greatly recently.\r\n\r\nNavarra is Rioja\'s next door neighbor and has long been in it\'s shadow.  It is known within Spain largely for its lovely, cheap rosados.  This is unfortunate because both the reds and whites are deserving of a closer look.  There is an enormous variety in varietals (indigenous and international) and styles, perhaps contributing to image problems.  But the wines are top quality and amazing value.  Favorites include Chardonnays and old vine Grenache.\r\n\r\nAlso grouped in this region are the wines of Aragon, which have been gaining recognition for quality and value of late.  Long known for jug wines, the region first changed its reputation in the area of Somontano with interesting, fresh wines made largely from international varietals.  Since then the DOs of Campo de Borja, Calatayud and Cariñena have gained a reputation for interesting old vine Grenache.\r\n\r\n<strong>The Meseta</strong>\r\n\r\nVery hot and dry, this area is one of the biggest wine regions in the world, producing mostly jug wine.  In the last decades good value quality wine has started to change the area\'s reputation.  Tempranillo is the most important varietal but numorous varieties are represented.  DO La Mancha is the big player but also up and coming are: Manchuela, Ribera del Jucar, Méntrida, Uclés, etc.\r\n\r\nAlso important in the area is the regional category of Vino de la Tierra de Castilla and Vinos de Pago, which are single estate appellations.\r\n\r\nIncluded in the Meseta area is Vinos de Madrid, which used to be quite terrible, but has improved greatly, with some exciting old vine projects.  Unfortunately production is quite limited so prices can be high.\r\n\r\nFinally there is Extremadura, which has a lot of potential...some interesting wines have been produced from the numerous varieties that are are planted.  Great improvements have been made,but much remains to be done.\r\n\r\n<strong>The Mediterranean Coast</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Andalucia</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Islands of Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-43','','','2012-10-22 02:37:11','2012-10-22 02:37:11','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-43/',0,'revision','',0),(629,1,'2012-10-22 02:50:53','2012-10-22 02:50:53','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations or Denominacion de Origen (DO) in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-wine-regions/\">here</a>.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"482\"]<a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\"><img class=\" wp-image-610  \" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"482\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nCalled so because of the abundant rainfall, Green Spain has traditionally been known for light, aromatic whites, the most famous of which is Albariño.  Albariño continues to be a star, but there are so many other great wines from the area, including standout reds from the Mencía grape and delicious, good value whites from Godello.\r\n\r\nThe most important DOs to look out for are:  Rias Baixas, Bierzo and Valdeorras\r\n\r\nGreen Spain also includes Basque country, whose  unique spritzy wine Chacoli (Txacoli) is improving greatly in quality.  It would be most similar in style to Portugal\'s vinho verde and is fun to try.\r\n\r\n<strong>North Central Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nSome of Spain\'s top reds come from this area, much of which is situated along the Duero River Valley.  The semi-arid conditions and a large differential between day and night temperatures allow for the long, slow ripening of Tempranillo in areas such as Ribera del Duero and Toro.  These reds are intense, with deep fruit and impressive tannic structure, yet they retain good levels of acidity.  Other up and coming DOs in the ares include Cigales, Arribes, Zamora, Tierra de Leon and Arlanza.\r\n\r\nAlso important for red wine is the regional category of wines called Vino de la Tierra de Castilla Leon...some top class wines are made under this category as well as many great value everyday wines.\r\n\r\nWhites play a definite second fiddle in the area with one tremendous exception, that of of Rueda, producing consistently delicious, mostly inexpensive, white wines from the Verdejo grape.  Albariño may be Spaniards favorite white, but Rueda is the workhorse white wine of Spain, served in every bar from coast to coast.  The more basic wines are simple, but very acceptable and the top un-oaked Verdejos can have some complex aromas and minerality paired with a wonderful mouthfeel.....lots of yummy oaked versions too!\r\n\r\n<strong>The Ebro River Valley</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja is the top area in this region, Spain\'s largest fine wine appellation, with an excellent, Atlantic-influenced climate that can produce some very elegant wines.  Reds are heavily based on Tempranillo, though there are some other interesting varieties such as Mazuelo, Graciano and Garnanacha.  Stylistically there is a bit of a challenge at the moment as lighter, elegant traditional styles face off against bolder, bigger modern styles.  The pletora of styles and lack of indication can lead to some confusion amongst consumers.  Rioja , based on Viura (Macabeo), have been improving greatly recently.\r\n\r\nNavarra is Rioja\'s next door neighbor and has long been in it\'s shadow.  It is known within Spain largely for its lovely, cheap rosados.  This is unfortunate because both the reds and whites are deserving of a closer look.  There is an enormous variety in varietals (indigenous and international) and styles, perhaps contributing to image problems.  But the wines are top quality and amazing value.  Favorites include Chardonnays and old vine Grenache.\r\n\r\nAlso grouped in this region are the wines of Aragon, which have been gaining recognition for quality and value of late.  Long known for jug wines, the region first changed its reputation in the area of Somontano with interesting, fresh wines made largely from international varietals.  Since then the DOs of Campo de Borja, Calatayud and Cariñena have gained a reputation for interesting old vine Grenache.\r\n\r\n<strong>The Meseta</strong>\r\n\r\nVery hot and dry, this area is one of the biggest wine regions in the world, producing mostly jug wine.  In the last decades good value quality wine has started to change the area\'s reputation.  Tempranillo is the most important varietal but numorous varieties are represented.  DO La Mancha is the big player but also up and coming are: Manchuela, Ribera del Jucar, Méntrida, Uclés, etc.\r\n\r\nAlso important in the area is the regional category of Vino de la Tierra de Castilla and Vinos de Pago, which are single estate appellations.\r\n\r\nIncluded in the Meseta area is Vinos de Madrid, which used to be quite terrible, but has improved greatly, with some exciting old vine projects.  Unfortunately production is quite limited so prices can be high.\r\n\r\nFinally there is Extremadura, which has a lot of potential...some interesting wines have been produced from the numerous varieties that are are planted.  Great improvements have been made,but much remains to be done.\r\n\r\n<strong>The Mediterranean Coast</strong>\r\n\r\nThis encompasses a huge area and is very varied stylistically.\r\n\r\nCataluña is a huge wine region with 12 DOs alone and huge climatic variations.\r\n\r\nGeneralizing a bit....the coastal wines tend to be lighter, more elegant and international varieties have become very popular in reas such as Penedés.  The inland, or mountain wines, tend to be more intense and concentrated and are often made from indigenous grapes.  Priorat and Montsant have come to represent the mountain wines with their intense, brooding, long-lived wines, while Penedés is the top producer, qualitatively and quantitatively of the coastal areas.\r\n\r\nCatalan are very unique and quality is often quite high, but they can be more expensive than average for Spanish wines.\r\n\r\nAnother very important category in Catalan wines is DO Cava.  Though cava can also be produced in Rioja, Valencia, Extremadura, and Aragon, 90% of it is produced in Cataluña.  Cava is Spain\'s quality sparkling wine category and has traditionally beenmade from three grape varieties, Macabeo, Parllada and Xarel.lo.  Today, some producers are also making it from Champagne grape varieties Chardonnay and Pinot Noir.\r\n\r\n<strong>Andalucia</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Islands of Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-44','','','2012-10-22 02:50:53','2012-10-22 02:50:53','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-44/',0,'revision','',0),(630,1,'2012-10-22 02:59:09','2012-10-22 02:59:09','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations or Denominacion de Origen (DO) in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-wine-regions/\">here</a>.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"482\"]<a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\"><img class=\" wp-image-610  \" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"482\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nCalled so because of the abundant rainfall, Green Spain has traditionally been known for light, aromatic whites, the most famous of which is Albariño.  Albariño continues to be a star, but there are so many other great wines from the area, including standout reds from the Mencía grape and delicious, good value whites from Godello.\r\n\r\nThe most important DOs to look out for are:  Rias Baixas, Bierzo and Valdeorras\r\n\r\nGreen Spain also includes Basque country, whose  unique spritzy wine Chacoli (Txacoli) is improving greatly in quality.  It would be most similar in style to Portugal\'s vinho verde and is fun to try.\r\n\r\n<strong>North Central Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nSome of Spain\'s top reds come from this area, much of which is situated along the Duero River Valley.  The semi-arid conditions and a large differential between day and night temperatures allow for the long, slow ripening of Tempranillo in areas such as Ribera del Duero and Toro.  These reds are intense, with deep fruit and impressive tannic structure, yet they retain good levels of acidity.  Other up and coming DOs in the ares include Cigales, Arribes, Zamora, Tierra de Leon and Arlanza.\r\n\r\nAlso important for red wine is the regional category of wines called Vino de la Tierra de Castilla Leon...some top class wines are made under this category as well as many great value everyday wines.\r\n\r\nWhites play a definite second fiddle in the area with one tremendous exception, that of of Rueda, producing consistently delicious, mostly inexpensive, white wines from the Verdejo grape.  Albariño may be Spaniards favorite white, but Rueda is the workhorse white wine of Spain, served in every bar from coast to coast.  The more basic wines are simple, but very acceptable and the top un-oaked Verdejos can have some complex aromas and minerality paired with a wonderful mouthfeel.....lots of yummy oaked versions too!\r\n\r\n<strong>The Ebro River Valley</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja is the top area in this region, Spain\'s largest fine wine appellation, with an excellent, Atlantic-influenced climate that can produce some very elegant wines.  Reds are heavily based on Tempranillo, though there are some other interesting varieties such as Mazuelo, Graciano and Garnanacha.  Stylistically there is a bit of a challenge at the moment as lighter, elegant traditional styles face off against bolder, bigger modern styles.  The pletora of styles and lack of indication can lead to some confusion amongst consumers.  Rioja , based on Viura (Macabeo), have been improving greatly recently.\r\n\r\nNavarra is Rioja\'s next door neighbor and has long been in it\'s shadow.  It is known within Spain largely for its lovely, cheap rosados.  This is unfortunate because both the reds and whites are deserving of a closer look.  There is an enormous variety in varietals (indigenous and international) and styles, perhaps contributing to image problems.  But the wines are top quality and amazing value.  Favorites include Chardonnays and old vine Grenache.\r\n\r\nAlso grouped in this region are the wines of Aragon, which have been gaining recognition for quality and value of late.  Long known for jug wines, the region first changed its reputation in the area of Somontano with interesting, fresh wines made largely from international varietals.  Since then the DOs of Campo de Borja, Calatayud and Cariñena have gained a reputation for interesting old vine Grenache.\r\n\r\n<strong>The Meseta</strong>\r\n\r\nVery hot and dry, this area is one of the biggest wine regions in the world, producing mostly jug wine.  In the last decades good value quality wine has started to change the area\'s reputation, offering reliable, consistent wines at cheap prices.  Tempranillo is the most important varietal but numorous varieties are represented.  DO La Mancha is the big player but also up and coming are: Manchuela, Ribera del Jucar, Méntrida, Uclés, etc.\r\n\r\nAlso important in the area is the regional category of Vino de la Tierra de Castilla and Vinos de Pago, which are single estate appellations.\r\n\r\nIncluded in the Meseta area is Vinos de Madrid, which used to be quite terrible, but has improved greatly, with some exciting old vine projects.  Unfortunately production is quite limited so prices can be high.\r\n\r\nFinally there is Extremadura, which has a lot of potential...some interesting wines have been produced from the numerous varieties that are are planted.  Great improvements have been made,but much remains to be done.\r\n\r\n<strong>The Mediterranean Coast</strong>\r\n\r\nThis encompasses a huge area and is very varied stylistically.\r\n\r\nCataluña is a huge wine region with 12 DOs alone and huge climatic variations.\r\n\r\nGeneralizing a bit....the coastal wines tend to be lighter, more elegant and international varieties have become very popular in reas such as Penedés.  The inland, or mountain wines, tend to be more intense and concentrated and are often made from indigenous grapes.  Priorat and Montsant have come to represent the mountain wines with their intense, brooding, long-lived wines, while Penedés is the top producer, qualitatively and quantitatively of the coastal areas.\r\n\r\nCatalan are very unique and quality is often quite high, but they can be more expensive than average for Spanish wines.\r\n\r\nAnother very important category in Catalan wines is DO Cava.  Though cava can also be produced in Rioja, Valencia, Extremadura, and Aragon, 90% of it is produced in Cataluña.  Cava is Spain\'s quality sparkling wine category and has traditionally beenmade from three grape varieties, Macabeo, Parllada and Xarel.lo.  Today, some producers are also making it from Champagne grape varieties Chardonnay and Pinot Noir.\r\n\r\nThe second large area of the Mediterranean Coast is the Levante Region, which is one of the warmest areas of Spain and makes wines with a real Mediterranean character.  This area was known solely for jug wines only a couple fo decades ago.  Know there are some really spectacular wines made as well as some nice, inexpensive everyday wines.  Jumilla was the DO that first was recognized for quality wine and Monastrell (Mourvedre) is its quality grape, though there is an enormous variety of grapes, indigenous and international, planted.  Other up and coming DOs include:     Utiel-Reuena, Yecla, Valencia, Bullas and Alicante.\r\n\r\n<strong>Andalucia</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Islands of Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Spanish Wine In Brief','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-45','','','2012-10-22 02:59:09','2012-10-22 02:59:09','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-45/',0,'revision','',0),(631,1,'2012-10-22 03:11:46','2012-10-22 03:11:46','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations or Denominacion de Origen (DO) in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-wine-regions/\">here</a>.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"482\"]<a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\"><img class=\" wp-image-610  \" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"482\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nCalled so because of the abundant rainfall, Green Spain has traditionally been known for light, aromatic whites, the most famous of which is Albariño.  Albariño continues to be a star, but there are so many other great wines from the area, including standout reds from the Mencía grape and delicious, good value whites from Godello.\r\n\r\nThe most important DOs to look out for are:  Rias Baixas, Bierzo and Valdeorras\r\n\r\nGreen Spain also includes Basque country, whose  unique spritzy wine Chacoli (Txacoli) is improving greatly in quality.  It would be most similar in style to Portugal\'s vinho verde and is fun to try.\r\n\r\n<strong>North Central Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nSome of Spain\'s top reds come from this area, much of which is situated along the Duero River Valley.  The semi-arid conditions and a large differential between day and night temperatures allow for the long, slow ripening of Tempranillo in areas such as Ribera del Duero and Toro.  These reds are intense, with deep fruit and impressive tannic structure, yet they retain good levels of acidity.  Other up and coming DOs in the ares include Cigales, Arribes, Zamora, Tierra de Leon and Arlanza.\r\n\r\nAlso important for red wine is the regional category of wines called Vino de la Tierra de Castilla Leon...some top class wines are made under this category as well as many great value everyday wines.\r\n\r\nWhites play a definite second fiddle in the area with one tremendous exception, that of of Rueda, producing consistently delicious, mostly inexpensive, white wines from the Verdejo grape.  Albariño may be Spaniards favorite white, but Rueda is the workhorse white wine of Spain, served in every bar from coast to coast.  The more basic wines are simple, but very acceptable and the top un-oaked Verdejos can have some complex aromas and minerality paired with a wonderful mouthfeel.....lots of yummy oaked versions too!\r\n\r\n<strong>The Ebro River Valley</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja is the top area in this region, Spain\'s largest fine wine appellation, with an excellent, Atlantic-influenced climate that can produce some very elegant wines.  Reds are heavily based on Tempranillo, though there are some other interesting varieties such as Mazuelo, Graciano and Garnanacha.  Stylistically there is a bit of a challenge at the moment as lighter, elegant traditional styles face off against bolder, bigger modern styles.  The pletora of styles and lack of indication can lead to some confusion amongst consumers.  Rioja , based on Viura (Macabeo), have been improving greatly recently.\r\n\r\nNavarra is Rioja\'s next door neighbor and has long been in it\'s shadow.  It is known within Spain largely for its lovely, cheap rosados.  This is unfortunate because both the reds and whites are deserving of a closer look.  There is an enormous variety in varietals (indigenous and international) and styles, perhaps contributing to image problems.  But the wines are top quality and amazing value.  Favorites include Chardonnays and old vine Grenache.\r\n\r\nAlso grouped in this region are the wines of Aragon, which have been gaining recognition for quality and value of late.  Long known for jug wines, the region first changed its reputation in the area of Somontano with interesting, fresh wines made largely from international varietals.  Since then the DOs of Campo de Borja, Calatayud and Cariñena have gained a reputation for interesting old vine Grenache.\r\n\r\n<strong>The Meseta</strong>\r\n\r\nVery hot and dry, this area is one of the biggest wine regions in the world, producing mostly jug wine.  In the last decades good value quality wine has started to change the area\'s reputation, offering reliable, consistent wines at cheap prices.  Tempranillo is the most important varietal but numorous varieties are represented.  DO La Mancha is the big player but also up and coming are: Manchuela, Ribera del Jucar, Méntrida, Uclés, etc.\r\n\r\nAlso important in the area is the regional category of Vino de la Tierra de Castilla and Vinos de Pago, which are single estate appellations.\r\n\r\nIncluded in the Meseta area is Vinos de Madrid, which used to be quite terrible, but has improved greatly, with some exciting old vine projects.  Unfortunately production is quite limited so prices can be high.\r\n\r\nFinally there is Extremadura, which has a lot of potential...some interesting wines have been produced from the numerous varieties that are are planted.  Great improvements have been made,but much remains to be done.\r\n\r\n<strong>The Mediterranean Coast</strong>\r\n\r\nThis encompasses a huge area and is very varied stylistically.\r\n\r\nCataluña is a huge wine region with 12 DOs alone and huge climatic variations.\r\n\r\nGeneralizing a bit....the coastal wines tend to be lighter, more elegant and international varieties have become very popular in reas such as Penedés.  The inland, or mountain wines, tend to be more intense and concentrated and are often made from indigenous grapes.  Priorat and Montsant have come to represent the mountain wines with their intense, brooding, long-lived wines, while Penedés is the top producer, qualitatively and quantitatively of the coastal areas.\r\n\r\nCatalan are very unique and quality is often quite high, but they can be more expensive than average for Spanish wines.\r\n\r\nAnother very important category in Catalan wines is DO Cava.  Though cava can also be produced in Rioja, Valencia, Extremadura, and Aragon, 90% of it is produced in Cataluña.  Cava is Spain\'s quality sparkling wine category and has traditionally beenmade from three grape varieties, Macabeo, Parllada and Xarel.lo.  Today, some producers are also making it from Champagne grape varieties Chardonnay and Pinot Noir.\r\n\r\nThe second large area of the Mediterranean Coast is the Levante Region, which is one of the warmest areas of Spain and makes wines with a real Mediterranean character.  This area was known solely for jug wines only a couple fo decades ago.  Know there are some really spectacular wines made as well as some nice, inexpensive everyday wines.  Jumilla was the DO that first was recognized for quality wine and Monastrell (Mourvedre) is its quality grape, though there is an enormous variety of grapes, indigenous and international, planted.  Other up and coming DOs include:     Utiel-Reuena, Yecla, Valencia, Bullas and Alicante.\r\n\r\n<strong>Andalucia</strong>\r\n\r\nThe traditional star here is DO Jerez or sherry, a unique fortified wine produced in 15, mostly dry styles.  It is a difficult wine to market and sell today and its currently suffering from an image problem.  Due to this, sherry cost very little for the quality of the wines.\r\n\r\nSherry means something different to everyone.  In Spain, most people stick to the two driest, lightest forms, Fino and Manzanilla.  To many people in the UK and the US sherry is a sweet wine, such as a cream sherry.\r\n\r\nWhile in Andalucia you can still taste the traditional sweet fortified wines that remain popular in many areas, though they are rarely exported.\r\n\r\nMany great table wines are now being made in various higher altitude areas in Malaga and Grenada... despite the heat, the higher altitude allow for some great sites.  Grape varieties are numourous, though international varieties have become very popular.\r\n\r\n<strong>Islands of Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;',' ','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-46','','','2012-10-22 03:11:46','2012-10-22 03:11:46','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-46/',0,'revision','',0),(632,1,'2012-10-22 03:12:02','2012-10-22 03:12:02','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations or Denominacion de Origen (DO) in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-wine-regions/\">here</a>.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"482\"]<a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\"><img class=\" wp-image-610  \" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"482\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nCalled so because of the abundant rainfall, Green Spain has traditionally been known for light, aromatic whites, the most famous of which is Albariño.  Albariño continues to be a star, but there are so many other great wines from the area, including standout reds from the Mencía grape and delicious, good value whites from Godello.\r\n\r\nThe most important DOs to look out for are:  Rias Baixas, Bierzo and Valdeorras\r\n\r\nGreen Spain also includes Basque country, whose  unique spritzy wine Chacoli (Txacoli) is improving greatly in quality.  It would be most similar in style to Portugal\'s vinho verde and is fun to try.\r\n\r\n<strong>North Central Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nSome of Spain\'s top reds come from this area, much of which is situated along the Duero River Valley.  The semi-arid conditions and a large differential between day and night temperatures allow for the long, slow ripening of Tempranillo in areas such as Ribera del Duero and Toro.  These reds are intense, with deep fruit and impressive tannic structure, yet they retain good levels of acidity.  Other up and coming DOs in the ares include Cigales, Arribes, Zamora, Tierra de Leon and Arlanza.\r\n\r\nAlso important for red wine is the regional category of wines called Vino de la Tierra de Castilla Leon...some top class wines are made under this category as well as many great value everyday wines.\r\n\r\nWhites play a definite second fiddle in the area with one tremendous exception, that of of Rueda, producing consistently delicious, mostly inexpensive, white wines from the Verdejo grape.  Albariño may be Spaniards favorite white, but Rueda is the workhorse white wine of Spain, served in every bar from coast to coast.  The more basic wines are simple, but very acceptable and the top un-oaked Verdejos can have some complex aromas and minerality paired with a wonderful mouthfeel.....lots of yummy oaked versions too!\r\n\r\n<strong>The Ebro River Valley</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja is the top area in this region, Spain\'s largest fine wine appellation, with an excellent, Atlantic-influenced climate that can produce some very elegant wines.  Reds are heavily based on Tempranillo, though there are some other interesting varieties such as Mazuelo, Graciano and Garnanacha.  Stylistically there is a bit of a challenge at the moment as lighter, elegant traditional styles face off against bolder, bigger modern styles.  The pletora of styles and lack of indication can lead to some confusion amongst consumers.  Rioja , based on Viura (Macabeo), have been improving greatly recently.\r\n\r\nNavarra is Rioja\'s next door neighbor and has long been in it\'s shadow.  It is known within Spain largely for its lovely, cheap rosados.  This is unfortunate because both the reds and whites are deserving of a closer look.  There is an enormous variety in varietals (indigenous and international) and styles, perhaps contributing to image problems.  But the wines are top quality and amazing value.  Favorites include Chardonnays and old vine Grenache.\r\n\r\nAlso grouped in this region are the wines of Aragon, which have been gaining recognition for quality and value of late.  Long known for jug wines, the region first changed its reputation in the area of Somontano with interesting, fresh wines made largely from international varietals.  Since then the DOs of Campo de Borja, Calatayud and Cariñena have gained a reputation for interesting old vine Grenache.\r\n\r\n<strong>The Meseta</strong>\r\n\r\nVery hot and dry, this area is one of the biggest wine regions in the world, producing mostly jug wine.  In the last decades good value quality wine has started to change the area\'s reputation, offering reliable, consistent wines at cheap prices.  Tempranillo is the most important varietal but numorous varieties are represented.  DO La Mancha is the big player but also up and coming are: Manchuela, Ribera del Jucar, Méntrida, Uclés, etc.\r\n\r\nAlso important in the area is the regional category of Vino de la Tierra de Castilla and Vinos de Pago, which are single estate appellations.\r\n\r\nIncluded in the Meseta area is Vinos de Madrid, which used to be quite terrible, but has improved greatly, with some exciting old vine projects.  Unfortunately production is quite limited so prices can be high.\r\n\r\nFinally there is Extremadura, which has a lot of potential...some interesting wines have been produced from the numerous varieties that are are planted.  Great improvements have been made,but much remains to be done.\r\n\r\n<strong>The Mediterranean Coast</strong>\r\n\r\nThis encompasses a huge area and is very varied stylistically.\r\n\r\nCataluña is a huge wine region with 12 DOs alone and huge climatic variations.\r\n\r\nGeneralizing a bit....the coastal wines tend to be lighter, more elegant and international varieties have become very popular in reas such as Penedés.  The inland, or mountain wines, tend to be more intense and concentrated and are often made from indigenous grapes.  Priorat and Montsant have come to represent the mountain wines with their intense, brooding, long-lived wines, while Penedés is the top producer, qualitatively and quantitatively of the coastal areas.\r\n\r\nCatalan are very unique and quality is often quite high, but they can be more expensive than average for Spanish wines.\r\n\r\nAnother very important category in Catalan wines is DO Cava.  Though cava can also be produced in Rioja, Valencia, Extremadura, and Aragon, 90% of it is produced in Cataluña.  Cava is Spain\'s quality sparkling wine category and has traditionally beenmade from three grape varieties, Macabeo, Parllada and Xarel.lo.  Today, some producers are also making it from Champagne grape varieties Chardonnay and Pinot Noir.\r\n\r\nThe second large area of the Mediterranean Coast is the Levante Region, which is one of the warmest areas of Spain and makes wines with a real Mediterranean character.  This area was known solely for jug wines only a couple fo decades ago.  Know there are some really spectacular wines made as well as some nice, inexpensive everyday wines.  Jumilla was the DO that first was recognized for quality wine and Monastrell (Mourvedre) is its quality grape, though there is an enormous variety of grapes, indigenous and international, planted.  Other up and coming DOs include:     Utiel-Reuena, Yecla, Valencia, Bullas and Alicante.\r\n\r\n<strong>Andalucia</strong>\r\n\r\nThe traditional star here is DO Jerez or sherry, a unique fortified wine produced in 15, mostly dry styles.  It is a difficult wine to market and sell today and its currently suffering from an image problem.  Due to this, sherry cost very little for the quality of the wines.\r\n\r\nSherry means something different to everyone.  In Spain, most people stick to the two driest, lightest forms, Fino and Manzanilla.  To many people in the UK and the US sherry is a sweet wine, such as a cream sherry.\r\n\r\nWhile in Andalucia you can still taste the traditional sweet fortified wines that remain popular in many areas, though they are rarely exported.\r\n\r\nMany great table wines are now being made in various higher altitude areas in Malaga and Grenada... despite the heat, the higher altitude allow for some great sites.  Grape varieties are numourous, though international varieties have become very popular.\r\n\r\n<strong>Islands of Spain</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;',' ','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-47','','','2012-10-22 03:12:02','2012-10-22 03:12:02','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-47/',0,'revision','',0),(633,1,'2012-10-22 03:26:46','2012-10-22 03:26:46','Below you\'ll find a brief overview of Spanish wines, including a general introduction, wine law, and grape varieties.  This is the more detailed info for those who are looking for some background.\r\n\r\nI\'ve also created a great practical guide to drinking Spanish wine, the styles, identifying the Spanish wines you like by grape or region, figuring the best values and where you can find them.  To get this useful guide just sign up for my monthly newsletter here.  In my newsletter, I\'ll give you an update on the latest on Spanish wine and food and some top wine picks.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>My Top Ten of Spanish wine</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>...or a total simplification of Spanish wine!  ....but useful sometimes...</strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li>Super dynamic wine market\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Getting world recognition</li>\r\n	<li>Lots of change in every corner of the country!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Huge wine producer\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards in the world</li>\r\n	<li>3rd in wine production</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Red wine country\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Some of the top red wines in the world</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Whites wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Attractive, great value…improving rapidly</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>In Spain wines ordered by region, not by grape variety\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>70+ designated wine regions or wine appellations (Denominacion de Origen (DO))</li>\r\n	<li>Most important: Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Priorat</li>\r\n	<li>Many rising stars: Jumilla, Toro, Bierzo, La Mancha etc.</li>\r\n	<li>Aging designations on label: crianza, reserva,  gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most important grape variety: Tempranillo\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties…but only 20 commercially important today</li>\r\n	<li>More and more international varieties:  Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Chardonnay etc.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spanish people drinking much less but drinking higher quality wine</li>\r\n	<li>Exports very important…40%\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers are:  UK, Germany, U.S.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Tendencies:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Old vines</li>\r\n	<li>Single vineyards/terroir wines</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes and unique indigenous grapes</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Blockbuster wines…High alcohol, super extracted, over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Criticism: Wines to wine points from wine critics (Parker effect), comercial wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less appellation wines</li>\r\n	<li>Less wines in traditional categories such as crianza, reserva and gran reserva</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Conclusion:  Very high quality, consistency and still excellent prices. Some of the best value wines in the world!</li>\r\n</ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>A few more details...</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Long history of winemaking (3000 years!)</li>\r\n	<li>Most vineyards of any country in the world (15.5%)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Third in world wine production after France and Italy (13%)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Just over 50% of wine production is red\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Around 60% of production is table wine, 40% is quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 indigenous grape varieties\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>But just 20 of them account for 80% of wine production</li>\r\n	<li>Tempranillo:  most important red grape in terms of quality and quantity</li>\r\n	<li>International grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon on the rise</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vineyards in all 17 autonomous regions\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>La Mancha: (the greatest surface area of vines in the world)</li>\r\n	<li>Rioja:  most densely planted in Spain</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Classification system for quality wine based on regional wine appellations\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>There are over 70 Denominación de Origen (DO) spread throughout Spain</li>\r\n	<li>DO: wine appellation with strict rules controlling viticulture and wine production</li>\r\n	<li>DO wines often have indication of oak aging:  crianza, reserva, gran reserva</li>\r\n	<li>Other categories of quality wine: DOCA, VCIG, Vino de Pago</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Lesser classifications are now being used for some top wines\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra and Vino de Mesa</li>\r\n	<li>Used in areas outside designated DOs</li>\r\n	<li>Also used by some winemakers looking for more flexibility</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Over 40% of Spanish production is exported (increasing)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Top customers in terms of value:  UK, Germany, USA</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain also has amazing cavas, dessert wines, and fortified wines at great values</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Some opinions (only mine!)</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<strong>Change, change and more change!</strong>\r\n\r\nExciting times as change touches every area of Spain\'s wine industry.  New areas are up and coming and showcasing lesser known varietals, while the better known areas such a Rioja and Ribera del Duero are faced  more competition and forced to produce even better wines.  This healthy competition extends itself to styles: ultra modern, blockbuster styles, traditional styles and more restrained terroir styles must all compete for consumer approval.  Hopefully there is room in the market for the finest examples of all the styles as the diversity only benefits the consumer.\r\n\r\n<strong>A red wine country</strong>\r\n\r\nSpain is known for its red wines and makes some of the finest reds in the world.  It also makes tons of great value, easy drinking reds that consistently deliver.  Why so much talk of reds?  Spain\'s climate lends itself towards reds, but there is an equally important cultural reason for the domination of the color red.  For most spaniards wine is <span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">red </span><span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> and only red.  There is a saying in Spain that the best white is a red!  So the focus for a long time was on reds.  This is changing a bit, but most Spaniards have still not been exposed to top notch whites, or even tried a white with some oak aging!</span></span></span>\r\n\r\n<strong>...but don\'t overlook the whites!</strong>\r\n\r\nWinemakers are changing Spain\'s whites with exciting new projects and turning out some remarkable wines, both with and without oak, from some very unique terroir sites.  There are many misses of course,  but the standard is improving all the time.  Meanwhile the simple, un-oaked styles of whites that the Spanish enjoy deserve more respect than they get.  they are consistently fresh, easy to drink, and easy on the pocket.  You just have to know the areas and grape varieties that are more reliable.  For me you can\'t beat the region Rueda with its attractive un-oaked Verdejos for some good everyday value quaffing.  Perhaps that\'s why it the basic bar white in most of Spain!   Albariño, the most beloved of whites to the Spanis, can also be lovely, but is not as consistent, and pricier.\r\n\r\n<strong>Obsessed with Rioja and Ribera?</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja still makes up over 50% of the fine wine market and remains the go-to wine for most Spaniards.  I like to call it \"Riojitis\"...which sounds better in Spanish!   Unfortunately a lot of the basic Rioja served at many bars and restaurants in Spain is pretty awful stuff.  So many faces still light up at the word Rioja...even the bad stuff....\r\n\r\nThere are regional variations, but in Madrid, Ribera de Duero has become the more fashionable alternative to Rioja.  Madrid palates have taken to the more robust and oaky wines from the region just to the north.  These wines are generally much more expensive than many Riojas and have become somewhat of a status symbol in the capital as well.  Ribera del Duero reds can be excellent when not suffering from excessive oak but they are often excessively priced as well.    There are less expensive ones of course but it\'s harder to find a tasty good value Ribera....Rioja is easier in that regard.\r\n\r\nI often find it a shame that there is not a better offering of other regions on wine lists in many parts of Spain, except in wine bars or specialized restaurants.  There are so many excellent wines from regions that offer much better value...and there is something to be said for variety.  In Madrid you are often left with two choices:  Ribera or Rioja!\r\n\r\n<strong>Spaniards don\'t like wine anymore?</strong>\r\n\r\nA worrisome trend to the wine industry is that continue a decades long trend to drinking less wine. Many factors have affected this decline.   Wine has been replaced by other drinks at Spanish meals and when drunk is often reserved for longer family meals on the weekend.  Stricter drunk driving laws has had a great impact on wine consumption in bars and restaurants.  While wine aficionados have multiplied, many segments of society, especially young people have lost touch with wine as part of Spanish culture.  All of these tendecies are difficult ones to address.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile Spanish wine exports have been growing and thriving, reaching over 40% of appellation level wines.  It\'s become a critical market for wineries as the domestic market shrinks.  Despite tough economic times, overall Spanish wine exports have continued to outperform their neighbors.  Spanish wineries need to continue to find effective ways to compete in an increasingly competitive world market.\r\n\r\n<strong>Some beautiful things</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> The old, old vines:  what a wonderful wealth of lovely old bush vines that abound....a goldmine!  Though blends used to be the norm, winemakers are now highlighting hese special parcels.  Some extraordinary wines come from these vineyards, including some of my favorite Grenaches</li>\r\n	<li>Great grapes:  love that Mencia, that Garnacha, that Godello! But so many more,:  Prieto Picudo, Callet, Bobal, Cariñena etc.etc. Also some fun stuff with the international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>The leaner terroir wine appearing of late:  though I love and appreciate some of those intense fruit bombs, I have an abiding love for a different more austere type of intensity....and we\'re seeing it more and more with interesting projects all over Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Beautiful, cheap wines in Spanish restaurants and bars:  though I amy complain about the selection...you can\'t beat the prices!  Now that I live in the States....I appreciate them all the more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Some not so beautiful things </strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Still way too many over-oaked wines</li>\r\n	<li>More marketing needed:  Spanish wines still need more exposure.  The government-run organization Wines from Spain tries.....</li>\r\n	<li>New obsession with points by critics...it arrived late in Spain but was inevitable!</li>\r\n	<li>Better enotourism experiences needed in many areas....don\'t want to lose the authenticity, but a little more thoughtfulness and practicality needed</li>\r\n	<li>Not enough recognition for Spanish wines:  the wines deserve more!</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>Love me some Spanish wine!</strong>\r\n\r\nThere is so much to love about Spanish wines.  Everyone can find the style they like to sip or to go with any food:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>A rich variety of red wine styles for every occasion</li>\r\n	<li>Simple, attractive whites for everyday</li>\r\n	<li>The \"new\" whites, complex, mineral, age-worthy</li>\r\n	<li>Delightfully fruity, yet dry rosados</li>\r\n	<li>Fresh, harmonious sparkling cava</li>\r\n	<li>Complex, fascinating, misunderstood sherry</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>All of this variety and much more comes at a super reasonable price that few countries, if any, can match.  A bonus is great consistency that comes with relatively little vintage variation.</div>\r\n<div>What\'s not to love?</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Regions</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are over 70 designated wine appellations or Denominacion de Origen (DO) in Spain and for more informsation on the primary ones you can check <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-wine-regions/\">here</a>.\r\n\r\nAn easier way to describe Spain\'s wine regions is using the regional approach taken at the Wines from Spain <a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>.  They divide the country into 8 regions that are somewhat coherent stylistically in terms of wine.  it is a generalization, but it is useful to simplify a complex wine landscape.\r\n\r\nSee the Wines from Spain map below and my brief look at the 8 regions below that.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_610\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"482\"]<a href=\"http://www.winesfromspainusa.com/regions\"><img class=\" wp-image-610  \" title=\"Wines from Spain Regional Map\" src=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Wines-from-Spain-Regional-Map.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"482\" /></a> Wines From Spain USA Regional Wine Map[/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong>Green Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nCalled so because of the abundant rainfall, Green Spain has traditionally been known for light, aromatic whites, the most famous of which is Albariño.  Albariño continues to be a star, but there are so many other great wines from the area, including standout reds from the Mencía grape and delicious, good value whites from Godello.\r\n\r\nThe most important DOs to look out for are:  Rias Baixas, Bierzo and Valdeorras\r\n\r\nGreen Spain also includes Basque country, whose  unique spritzy wine Chacoli (Txacoli) is improving greatly in quality.  It would be most similar in style to Portugal\'s vinho verde and is fun to try.\r\n\r\n<strong>North Central Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nSome of Spain\'s top reds come from this area, much of which is situated along the Duero River Valley.  The semi-arid conditions and a large differential between day and night temperatures allow for the long, slow ripening of Tempranillo in areas such as Ribera del Duero and Toro.  These reds are intense, with deep fruit and impressive tannic structure, yet they retain good levels of acidity.  Other up and coming DOs in the ares include Cigales, Arribes, Zamora, Tierra de Leon and Arlanza.\r\n\r\nAlso important for red wine is the regional category of wines called Vino de la Tierra de Castilla Leon...some top class wines are made under this category as well as many great value everyday wines.\r\n\r\nWhites play a definite second fiddle in the area with one tremendous exception, that of of Rueda, producing consistently delicious, mostly inexpensive, white wines from the Verdejo grape.  Albariño may be Spaniards favorite white, but Rueda is the workhorse white wine of Spain, served in every bar from coast to coast.  The more basic wines are simple, but very acceptable and the top un-oaked Verdejos can have some complex aromas and minerality paired with a wonderful mouthfeel.....lots of yummy oaked versions too!\r\n\r\n<strong>The Ebro River Valley</strong>\r\n\r\nRioja is the top area in this region, Spain\'s largest fine wine appellation, with an excellent, Atlantic-influenced climate that can produce some very elegant wines.  Reds are heavily based on Tempranillo, though there are some other interesting varieties such as Mazuelo, Graciano and Garnanacha.  Stylistically there is a bit of a challenge at the moment as lighter, elegant traditional styles face off against bolder, bigger modern styles.  The pletora of styles and lack of indication can lead to some confusion amongst consumers.  Rioja , based on Viura (Macabeo), have been improving greatly recently.\r\n\r\nNavarra is Rioja\'s next door neighbor and has long been in it\'s shadow.  It is known within Spain largely for its lovely, cheap rosados.  This is unfortunate because both the reds and whites are deserving of a closer look.  There is an enormous variety in varietals (indigenous and international) and styles, perhaps contributing to image problems.  But the wines are top quality and amazing value.  Favorites include Chardonnays and old vine Grenache.\r\n\r\nAlso grouped in this region are the wines of Aragon, which have been gaining recognition for quality and value of late.  Long known for jug wines, the region first changed its reputation in the area of Somontano with interesting, fresh wines made largely from international varietals.  Since then the DOs of Campo de Borja, Calatayud and Cariñena have gained a reputation for interesting old vine Grenache.\r\n\r\n<strong>The Meseta</strong>\r\n\r\nVery hot and dry, this area is one of the biggest wine regions in the world, producing mostly jug wine.  In the last decades good value quality wine has started to change the area\'s reputation, offering reliable, consistent wines at cheap prices.  Tempranillo is the most important varietal but numorous varieties are represented.  DO La Mancha is the big player but also up and coming are: Manchuela, Ribera del Jucar, Méntrida, Uclés, etc.\r\n\r\nAlso important in the area is the regional category of Vino de la Tierra de Castilla and Vinos de Pago, which are single estate appellations.\r\n\r\nIncluded in the Meseta area is Vinos de Madrid, which used to be quite terrible, but has improved greatly, with some exciting old vine projects.  Unfortunately production is quite limited so prices can be high.\r\n\r\nFinally there is Extremadura, which has a lot of potential...some interesting wines have been produced from the numerous varieties that are are planted.  Great improvements have been made,but much remains to be done.\r\n\r\n<strong>The Mediterranean Coast</strong>\r\n\r\nThis encompasses a huge area and is very varied stylistically.\r\n\r\nCataluña is a huge wine region with 12 DOs alone and huge climatic variations.\r\n\r\nGeneralizing a bit....the coastal wines tend to be lighter, more elegant and international varieties have become very popular in reas such as Penedés.  The inland, or mountain wines, tend to be more intense and concentrated and are often made from indigenous grapes.  Priorat and Montsant have come to represent the mountain wines with their intense, brooding, long-lived wines, while Penedés is the top producer, qualitatively and quantitatively of the coastal areas.\r\n\r\nCatalan are very unique and quality is often quite high, but they can be more expensive than average for Spanish wines.\r\n\r\nAnother very important category in Catalan wines is DO Cava.  Though cava can also be produced in Rioja, Valencia, Extremadura, and Aragon, 90% of it is produced in Cataluña.  Cava is Spain\'s quality sparkling wine category and has traditionally beenmade from three grape varieties, Macabeo, Parllada and Xarel.lo.  Today, some producers are also making it from Champagne grape varieties Chardonnay and Pinot Noir.\r\n\r\nThe second large area of the Mediterranean Coast is the Levante Region, which is one of the warmest areas of Spain and makes wines with a real Mediterranean character.  This area was known solely for jug wines only a couple fo decades ago.  Know there are some really spectacular wines made as well as some nice, inexpensive everyday wines.  Jumilla was the DO that first was recognized for quality wine and Monastrell (Mourvedre) is its quality grape, though there is an enormous variety of grapes, indigenous and international, planted.  Other up and coming DOs include:     Utiel-Reuena, Yecla, Valencia, Bullas and Alicante.\r\n\r\n<strong>Andalucia</strong>\r\n\r\nThe traditional star here is DO Jerez or sherry, a unique fortified wine produced in 15, mostly dry styles.  It is a difficult wine to market and sell today and its currently suffering from an image problem.  Due to this, sherry cost very little for the quality of the wines.\r\n\r\nSherry means something different to everyone.  In Spain, most people stick to the two driest, lightest forms, Fino and Manzanilla.  To many people in the UK and the US sherry is a sweet wine, such as a cream sherry.\r\n\r\nWhile in Andalucia you can still taste the traditional sweet fortified wines that remain popular in many areas, though they are rarely exported.\r\n\r\nMany great table wines are now being made in various higher altitude areas in Malaga and Grenada... despite the heat, the higher altitude allow for some great sites.  Grape varieties are numourous, though international varieties have become very popular.\r\n\r\n<strong>Islands of Spain</strong>\r\n\r\nThe Balearic Islands, especially Mallorca is producing some very interesting wines in the last decades.  Most wines in the area are made merely for the tourist market, but there are a few wineries doing much, much more.  The local grape varieties, such as Callet and Mantonegro,  are very interesting, and can produce remarkably elegant and fresh wines from such a a hot climate.\r\n\r\nThe Canaries also produce wines largely for the tourist hordes, but there are some great exceptions.  The whites from Malvasia, Listan Blanca, and many more, are especially good, but there are some interesting reds coming on from Negramoll, Listan Negra, and others.\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Grape Varieties</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere is no doubt that the great red grape, Tempranillo,  is king in Spain....it is by far the most important grape variety in terms of quality wine production and respect.  It sometimes seems people would prefer to drink a bad Tempranillo than order another grape variety! Tempranillo is a wonderful variety and offers a great variety of wines depending on the region and the local variant of the grape.  Though considering by many experts a \"noble\" grape\", some also would perhaps criticize Tempranillo for its lack of a distinct personality that shines trough in any terroir.\r\n\r\nTimes are changing and this is a good thing because Spain has some really interesting indigenous varieties other than Tempranillo. Spain does not have the rich diversity of indigenous varieties that is seen in italy or Portugal.  Many varieties were lost or reduced to non-commercial levels after the phyloxera blight at the end of the 19th century.  Much of the replanting was done with easier varietals and eventually with Tempranillo.  Luckily today there is some interest in reviving some of the local obscure varietals.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile some of the great red varieties to watch out for are:  Garnacha (Grenache), Mencia, Bobal, Monastrell (Mourvedre) etc.\r\n\r\nOutstanding white varieties include: Verdejo, Godello, Albariño, Viura, and Palomino\r\n\r\nYou can also find the all usual international grapes planted in Spain and being made into mediocre to very good wine.\r\n\r\nFor more detail on the major indigenous Spanish varietals see <a href=\"http://planetavino.net/newsite/spanish-grape-varieties/\">here</a>...\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Spanish Wine Law</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>EU wine law recognizes two main categories of wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Table wine and quality wine</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has two levels of table wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vino de mesa:  no region, grapes, or vintage on label</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de la Tierra (VdlT):  equivalent of Vin de Pays in France\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>An officially recognized area but below DO level</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Spain has four levels of quality wine:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>New category: areas must wait five years to ask for DO</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominación de Origen (DO).\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Over 70 exist</li>\r\n	<li>Regulated by a consejo regulador (governing body) with detailed rules</li>\r\n	<li>Guarantees origin not always quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Denominción de Origen Calificada (DOCa)\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO must wait ten years to attain</li>\r\n	<li>Only Rioja and Priorat so far: stricter rules</li>\r\n	<li>In reality does not guarentee more quality</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Vino de Pago:\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Single estates of exceptional quality</li>\r\n	<li>Must comply at least with DOCa rules</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Aging requirements: national DO law...some regions set stricter limits\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Terms generally appear on front labels</li>\r\n	<li>All have a back sticker with category</li>\r\n	<li>Joven or vino de cosecha:  no oak aging (generally should be drunk from latest vintage)</li>\r\n	<li>Roble:  Seen some oak (no legal requirements)</li>\r\n	<li>In reality categories are mainly seen only on reds</li>\r\n	<li>Many wineries are ignoring traditional categories and have only \"cosecha\" sticker for wines with oak aging</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a title=\"Crianza table\" href=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\"><img src=\"http://www.planetavino.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/crianza-charts.JPG\" alt=\"Crianza table\" width=\"539\" height=\"282\" /></a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;',' ','','inherit','open','open','','338-revision-48','','','2012-10-22 03:26:46','2012-10-22 03:26:46','',338,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/338-revision-48/',0,'revision','',0),(634,1,'2012-10-21 06:42:25','2012-10-21 06:42:25','<h2><strong>Rioja</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe Denominacion de Origen (DO) is located in Rioja, Basque Country, Navarra\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Large area known for red and some whites</li>\r\n	<li>Three sub zones: Alta,  Alavesa, and Baja</li>\r\n	<li>Most densely planted area in Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Classic wine region that led the way\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Brought French influence in 19th century</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most famous Spanish wine region internationally</li>\r\n	<li>DO created in 1925 (1st)</li>\r\n	<li>DOCa since 1991</li>\r\n	<li>65,000 hectares</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 wineries</li>\r\n	<li>Main grape: Tempranillo</li>\r\n	<li>Also: Garnacha, Mazuelo, Graciano</li>\r\n	<li>Experimental grape: Cabernet Sauvignon</li>\r\n	<li>Mild climatological conditions: Atlantic influence</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nAssessment:  huge player in industry.  Lots of mediocre wine though good value and good quality wines abound. Somewhat of a stylistic identity crisis as the older traditional styles are pitted against the more modern styles that have become more popular.  Large range of styles without label indication can lead to confusion amongst consumers.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Castilla Leon</strong></h2>\r\nHuge area with five important DOs\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> DO Ribera del Duero</li>\r\n	<li>DO Rueda</li>\r\n	<li>DO Toro</li>\r\n	<li>DO Bierzo</li>\r\n	<li>DO Cigales</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nAlso very important is the production of Vino de la Tierra de Castilla Leon\r\n\r\nDO Ribera del Duero\r\n\r\nDO since 1982\r\n\r\nConsidered to produce some of the finest red wines in Spain\r\n\r\nTrendy and fast-growing areas\r\n\r\nPrices can be quite high\r\n\r\n8,000 ha of vineyards and over 178 wineries.\r\n\r\nGrape variety:  Tinto Fino, a variant of Tempranillo\r\n\r\nClimate: Continental with some Med influences\r\n\r\nDO Rueda\r\n\r\nSmall wine region (6000ha) with 36 wineries\r\n\r\nWhite wines from Verdejo and Sauvignon Blanc\r\n\r\nCreated in 1980 for whites\r\n\r\nSince 2001 open to reds\r\n\r\nThe wines are attractive modern, cold-fermented whites\r\n\r\nThe climate is wind-swept continental\r\n\r\nDO Toro\r\n\r\nGained fame over last ten years\r\n\r\nPowerful red wines\r\n\r\nSome good value wines, but many more expensive now\r\n\r\nSmall DO created in 1987: 34 wineries\r\n\r\nMain varietal: Tinta de Toro (Tempranillo)\r\n\r\nContinental climate\r\n\r\nDO Bierzo\r\n\r\n“Gateway to Galicia”: Currently high profile\r\n\r\nSmall red and white producing area\r\n\r\nDO created in 1988: 39 wineries\r\n\r\nMain grapes: Mencía and Godello\r\n\r\nMild climate\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Cataluña</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nHuge region with 12 DOs with many climatic and geographic variations\r\n\r\n1999: a region DO called DO Cataluña\r\n\r\nStrongest on whites but also great reds\r\n\r\nWidespread use of indigenous varieties\r\n\r\nWidespread use of French varieties\r\n\r\n90% of Cava produced here\r\n\r\nKey in spread of modern equipment and techniques\r\n\r\nAll of the DOs are improving dramatically\r\n\r\nDO Penedés\r\n\r\nImportant DO since 1960:  150 wineries\r\n\r\nImportant innovator in wine\r\n\r\nCenter of Cava production\r\n\r\nAlso elegant whites and reds\r\n\r\nDOCa Priorat\r\n\r\nSmall, exclusive DO since 1954: 26 wineries\r\n\r\nVery expensive wines\r\n\r\nFamous for huge, mineral red wines\r\n\r\nUnique soils: licorella\r\n\r\nUse of Garnacha and Cariñena with French varieties\r\n\r\nDO Montsant\r\n\r\nSimilar wines to Priorat…less expensive\r\n\r\nDO Terra Alta\r\n\r\nStill rustic at times…similar potential to Priorat\r\n\r\nDO Alella\r\n\r\nTiny coastal DO: mostly known for whites\r\n\r\nDO Apurdán-Costa Brava\r\n\r\nSmall coastal DO known traditionally for rosados\r\n\r\nDO Concá de Barbera\r\n\r\nMedium size interior DO used as source for cava wines\r\n\r\nDO Costers de Segre\r\n\r\nSmall interior DO used a source for cava wines\r\n\r\nDO Plá de Bagés\r\n\r\nTiny interior DO known for crisp whites\r\n\r\nDO Tarragona\r\n\r\nLarge coastal/interior DO makes a wide variety of wines\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Castilla La Mancha</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nHuge region: one of the biggest in the world\r\n\r\n9 DOs:  more being created\r\n\r\nVery hot region producing Mediterranean style red wines\r\n\r\nVery good value and improving quality\r\n\r\nLots of jug wine still!\r\n\r\nVery good Vinos de la Tierra de Castilla\r\n\r\nAlso several Vinos de Pago\r\n\r\nDO La Mancha\r\n\r\nEnormous DO making good quality wine from Tempranillo\r\n\r\nDO Valdepeñas\r\n\r\nVery large DO making traditional wines from Tempranillo\r\n\r\nOther DOs\r\n\r\nDO Almansa, DO Manchela, DO Méntrida, DO Mondéjar, DO Riber del Júcar\r\n\r\nDO Vinos de Madrid\r\n\r\nNot technically La Mancha, but similar situation and similar wines\r\n\r\nImproving...but best wines are expensive\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Aragon</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nLarge region with 4 DOs\r\n\r\nOne is very high quality, the other three improving rapidly\r\n\r\nLots of jug wine made here\r\n\r\nExcellent climate for high quality wine\r\n\r\nDO Somontano\r\n\r\nSmall, but growing DO with excellent quality\r\n\r\nVery good prices\r\n\r\nElegant, varied wines from indigenous and French varieties\r\n\r\nDO Calatayud\r\n\r\nMedium DO still rustic but interesting old-vine Garnacha and cavas\r\n\r\nDO Cariñena\r\n\r\nLarge DO making lots of jug wine and some interesting old-vine Garnacha\r\n\r\nDO Campo de Borja\r\n\r\nMedium DO with lots of Garnacha\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Galicia</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nMild, wet region known for interesting whites with 5 DOs\r\n\r\nDO Rias Baixas\r\n\r\nTop quality, small DO making whites from Albariño\r\n\r\nHumidity, rain, main challenges\r\n\r\nNo bulk wine allowed\r\n\r\nWines can be pricy\r\n\r\nDO Valdeorras\r\n\r\nHigh quality small DO on border with Leon\r\n\r\nEastern, sheltered location gives more full-bodied whites and reds from Godello and Mencía\r\n\r\nDO Monterei\r\n\r\nHot, sheltered, tiny DO makes mostly reds\r\n\r\nDO Ribeiro\r\n\r\nSmall, coastal DO makes light, spritzy, blended whites\r\n\r\nDO Ribera Sacra\r\n\r\nSmall DO making traditional Galician whites\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Navarra and Basque Country</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nOne large DO and 3 tiny ones\r\n\r\nDO Navarra\r\n\r\nLarge DO making some very good wines: 109 wineries\r\n\r\nUse of a lot of indigenous and foreign grapes\r\n\r\nReputation built on rosés\r\n\r\nNow many more interesting reds and whites\r\n\r\nCross between continental and Atlantic climate\r\n\r\nDO Txacoli\r\n\r\nThree separate DOs: Alava, Getaria, Vizcaya\r\n\r\nMaking vinho verde style wines from local varieties\r\n\r\nHondarribi Zuri and Hondarribi Beltza\r\n\r\nMost are easy-drinking quaffers, but a few more serious wines being made now\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Valencia and Murcia</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nLarge jug wine areas now making very interesting wines\r\n\r\nMurcia:  3 DOs\r\n\r\nDO Jumilla\r\n\r\nEnormous DO with growing reputation for quality wines\r\n\r\nRed, quality wines based on Monastrell\r\n\r\nInteresting dessert wines\r\n\r\nDO Bullas\r\n\r\nSmall DO with higher altitude makes some interesting reds from Monastrell\r\n\r\nDO Yecla\r\n\r\nMedium DO similar to Jumilla\r\n\r\nValencia: 3 DOs\r\n\r\nDO Valencia\r\n\r\nLarge DO making mostly insipid whites, but has potential for reds from Monastrell\r\n\r\nDO Utiel Requena\r\n\r\nHuge DO making lots of red jug wine\r\n\r\nVery good wines being made from Bobal\r\n\r\nDO Alicante\r\n\r\nLarge DO traditionally know for sweet wines\r\n\r\nNow making good reds from Monastrell\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Extremadura</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nLarge DO (Ribera del Guadiana) making mostly jug wines\r\n\r\nGood potential but little results\r\n\r\nBest results in whites, though reds should be better\r\n\r\nMany grapes varieties:  Tempranillo and Garnacha dominate\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Balearic Islands</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nTiny production\r\n\r\nMost wine made for local tourist consumption\r\n\r\nCheap and cheerful\r\n\r\nSome quality red wine made but quite pricy\r\n\r\nLocal varieties such as Callet, Fogoneu, Manto Negro\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Canaries</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nMedium production made for tourist industry\r\n\r\nLocal varieties such as Listran and Malvasia\r\n\r\nWhites much better than reds\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Andalucia</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nMostly fortified wines, but some interesting table wines being made in Malaga and around Granada\r\n\r\nDO Jerez\r\n\r\nLarge DO of 10,000 hectares\r\n\r\nMakes of fortified white wines of many types\r\n\r\nGrapes:\r\n\r\nPalomino for dry sherries\r\n\r\nMoscatel and PX for sweet wines\r\n\r\nNon-vintage wines made in criadera and solera systems\r\n\r\nLike cava and champagne\r\n\r\nTo preserve house style\r\n\r\nFinos and Manzanillas\r\n\r\nMade in reductive style under protective \"flor\"\r\n\r\nDry and fresh\r\n\r\nAmontillado\r\n\r\nAged Fino\r\n\r\nHas oxidative notes plus freshness of Fino\r\n\r\nOloroso:\r\n\r\nSolera without flor\r\n\r\nOxidized style:  nutty, brown\r\n\r\nAll start out dry:  some have PX added for sweetness\r\n\r\nPalo Cortado\r\n\r\nRarest style\r\n\r\nCross between Oloroso and Amontillado\r\n\r\nHas flor for short time\r\n\r\nSweet sherries\r\n\r\nMoscatel and PX dried to raisins\r\n\r\nUsed as varietal wines and blenders\r\n\r\nDO Montilla Moriles\r\n\r\nVery similar wines to sherry but using PX as base wine\r\n\r\nWhole range from Fino to sweet stickies\r\n\r\nDO Malaga\r\n\r\nFortified dessert wines from Moscatel and PX\r\n\r\nDO Huelva\r\n\r\nSimilar wines to Jerez\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Cava</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nA style DO, not geographic\r\n\r\nSparkling wine made in Champenoise style\r\n\r\nMostly white, some rosé\r\n\r\nTop sales in world before champagne\r\n\r\nProduced in 160 municipalities\r\n\r\nCataluña:  90% of cava made here\r\n\r\nOther provinces:  Rioja, Valencia, Extremadura, Aragon\r\n\r\nThree traditional grapes:  Macabeo, Parellada, Xarel.lo\r\n\r\nOther grapes:  Chardonnay, Monastrell, Pinot Noir\r\n\r\nTendency:  use of more French varieties\r\n<div></div>','Spanish Wine Regions','','inherit','open','open','','606-revision-3','','','2012-10-21 06:42:25','2012-10-21 06:42:25','',606,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/606-revision-3/',0,'revision','',0),(635,1,'2012-10-22 03:44:11','2012-10-22 03:44:11','<h2><strong>Rioja</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe Denominacion de Origen (DO) is located in Rioja, Basque Country, Navarra\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Large area known for red and some whites</li>\r\n	<li>Three sub zones: Alta,  Alavesa, and Baja</li>\r\n	<li>Most densely planted area in Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Classic wine region that led the way\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Brought French influence in 19th century</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most famous Spanish wine region internationally</li>\r\n	<li>DO created in 1925 (1st)</li>\r\n	<li>DOCa since 1991</li>\r\n	<li>65,000 hectares</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 wineries</li>\r\n	<li>Main grape: Tempranillo</li>\r\n	<li>Also: Garnacha, Mazuelo, Graciano</li>\r\n	<li>Experimental grape: Cabernet Sauvignon</li>\r\n	<li>Mild climatological conditions: Atlantic influence</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nAssessment:  huge player in industry.  Lots of mediocre wine though good value and good quality wines abound. Somewhat of a stylistic identity crisis as the older traditional styles are pitted against the more modern styles that have become more popular.  Large range of styles without label indication can lead to confusion amongst consumers.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Castilla Leon</strong></h2>\r\nHuge area with five important DOs\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO Ribera del Duero</li>\r\n	<li>DO Rueda</li>\r\n	<li>DO Toro</li>\r\n	<li>DO Bierzo</li>\r\n	<li>DO Cigales</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nAlso very important is the production of Vino de la Tierra de Castilla Leon\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Ribera del Duero</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO since 1982</li>\r\n	<li>Considered to produce some of the finest red wines in Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Trendy and fast-growing areas</li>\r\n	<li>Prices can be quite high</li>\r\n	<li>Wines can be over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>8,000 ha of vineyards and over 200 wineries.</li>\r\n	<li>Main grape variety:  Tinto Fino, a variant of Tempranillo</li>\r\n	<li>Climate: Continental with some Med influences</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>Very popular, especially in Madrid.  Climate gives very intense wines with great fruit and tannins...current trends in wine-making as led to some excessive oaking practices.  Can be very pricy and not always good value, but with careful selection, these are outstanding wines.</div>\r\n<strong>DO Rueda</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Small wine region (6000ha) with 36 wineries</li>\r\n	<li>White wines from Verdejo and Sauvignon Blanc</li>\r\n	<li>Created in 1980 for whites</li>\r\n	<li>Since 2001 open to reds (but few if any)</li>\r\n	<li>The wines are attractive modern, cold-fermented whites, usually un-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Now a percentage are barrel fermented</li>\r\n	<li>The climate is wind-swept continental</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>Fantastic value whites that are ubiquitous throughout Spain.  Very consistent. at all price points.  Some of the oaked one can be over-oaked but that has been better in recent years.  The un-oaked ones are unbelievable value for money.</div>\r\n<strong>DO Toro</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Gained fame over last ten years</li>\r\n	<li>Powerful red wines with big tannins and fruit</li>\r\n	<li>Some good value wines, but many more expensive now</li>\r\n	<li>Small DO created in 1987: 34 wineries</li>\r\n	<li>Main varietal: Tinta de Toro (Tempranillo)</li>\r\n	<li>Extreme continental climate</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>Super intense wines...like Ribera, but more so.  Better value than Ribera del Duero for those who like them.</div>\r\n<strong>DO Bierzo</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>“Gateway to Galicia”: Currently high profile</li>\r\n	<li>Small red and white producing area</li>\r\n	<li>DO created in 1988: 39 wineries</li>\r\n	<li>Main grapes: Mencía (red) and Godello (white)</li>\r\n	<li>Mild climate</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>Excellent reds form Mencia and whites from Godello.  Can be good value though prices have risen due to recent popularity and small production.</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Cataluña</strong></h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Huge region with 12 DOs with many climatic and geographic variations</li>\r\n	<li>1999: a regional DO called DO Cataluña</li>\r\n	<li>Strongest on whites but also great reds</li>\r\n	<li>Widespread use of indigenous varieties</li>\r\n	<li>Widespread use of international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>90% of Cava produced here</li>\r\n	<li>Key in spread of modern equipment and techniques</li>\r\n	<li>All of the DOs are improving dramatically</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nDO Penedés\r\n\r\nImportant DO since 1960:  150 wineries\r\n\r\nImportant innovator in wine\r\n\r\nCenter of Cava production\r\n\r\nAlso elegant whites and reds\r\n\r\nDOCa Priorat\r\n\r\nSmall, exclusive DO since 1954: 26 wineries\r\n\r\nVery expensive wines\r\n\r\nFamous for huge, mineral red wines\r\n\r\nUnique soils: licorella\r\n\r\nUse of Garnacha and Cariñena with French varieties\r\n\r\nDO Montsant\r\n\r\nSimilar wines to Priorat…less expensive\r\n\r\nDO Terra Alta\r\n\r\nStill rustic at times…similar potential to Priorat\r\n\r\nDO Alella\r\n\r\nTiny coastal DO: mostly known for whites\r\n\r\nDO Apurdán-Costa Brava\r\n\r\nSmall coastal DO known traditionally for rosados\r\n\r\nDO Concá de Barbera\r\n\r\nMedium size interior DO used as source for cava wines\r\n\r\nDO Costers de Segre\r\n\r\nSmall interior DO used a source for cava wines\r\n\r\nDO Plá de Bagés\r\n\r\nTiny interior DO known for crisp whites\r\n\r\nDO Tarragona\r\n\r\nLarge coastal/interior DO makes a wide variety of wines\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Castilla La Mancha</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nHuge region: one of the biggest in the world\r\n\r\n9 DOs:  more being created\r\n\r\nVery hot region producing Mediterranean style red wines\r\n\r\nVery good value and improving quality\r\n\r\nLots of jug wine still!\r\n\r\nVery good Vinos de la Tierra de Castilla\r\n\r\nAlso several Vinos de Pago\r\n\r\nDO La Mancha\r\n\r\nEnormous DO making good quality wine from Tempranillo\r\n\r\nDO Valdepeñas\r\n\r\nVery large DO making traditional wines from Tempranillo\r\n\r\nOther DOs\r\n\r\nDO Almansa, DO Manchela, DO Méntrida, DO Mondéjar, DO Riber del Júcar\r\n\r\nDO Vinos de Madrid\r\n\r\nNot technically La Mancha, but similar situation and similar wines\r\n\r\nImproving...but best wines are expensive\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Aragon</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nLarge region with 4 DOs\r\n\r\nOne is very high quality, the other three improving rapidly\r\n\r\nLots of jug wine made here\r\n\r\nExcellent climate for high quality wine\r\n\r\nDO Somontano\r\n\r\nSmall, but growing DO with excellent quality\r\n\r\nVery good prices\r\n\r\nElegant, varied wines from indigenous and French varieties\r\n\r\nDO Calatayud\r\n\r\nMedium DO still rustic but interesting old-vine Garnacha and cavas\r\n\r\nDO Cariñena\r\n\r\nLarge DO making lots of jug wine and some interesting old-vine Garnacha\r\n\r\nDO Campo de Borja\r\n\r\nMedium DO with lots of Garnacha\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Galicia</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nMild, wet region known for interesting whites with 5 DOs\r\n\r\nDO Rias Baixas\r\n\r\nTop quality, small DO making whites from Albariño\r\n\r\nHumidity, rain, main challenges\r\n\r\nNo bulk wine allowed\r\n\r\nWines can be pricy\r\n\r\nDO Valdeorras\r\n\r\nHigh quality small DO on border with Leon\r\n\r\nEastern, sheltered location gives more full-bodied whites and reds from Godello and Mencía\r\n\r\nDO Monterei\r\n\r\nHot, sheltered, tiny DO makes mostly reds\r\n\r\nDO Ribeiro\r\n\r\nSmall, coastal DO makes light, spritzy, blended whites\r\n\r\nDO Ribera Sacra\r\n\r\nSmall DO making traditional Galician whites\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Navarra and Basque Country</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nOne large DO and 3 tiny ones\r\n\r\nDO Navarra\r\n\r\nLarge DO making some very good wines: 109 wineries\r\n\r\nUse of a lot of indigenous and foreign grapes\r\n\r\nReputation built on rosés\r\n\r\nNow many more interesting reds and whites\r\n\r\nCross between continental and Atlantic climate\r\n\r\nDO Txacoli\r\n\r\nThree separate DOs: Alava, Getaria, Vizcaya\r\n\r\nMaking vinho verde style wines from local varieties\r\n\r\nHondarribi Zuri and Hondarribi Beltza\r\n\r\nMost are easy-drinking quaffers, but a few more serious wines being made now\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Valencia and Murcia</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nLarge jug wine areas now making very interesting wines\r\n\r\nMurcia:  3 DOs\r\n\r\nDO Jumilla\r\n\r\nEnormous DO with growing reputation for quality wines\r\n\r\nRed, quality wines based on Monastrell\r\n\r\nInteresting dessert wines\r\n\r\nDO Bullas\r\n\r\nSmall DO with higher altitude makes some interesting reds from Monastrell\r\n\r\nDO Yecla\r\n\r\nMedium DO similar to Jumilla\r\n\r\nValencia: 3 DOs\r\n\r\nDO Valencia\r\n\r\nLarge DO making mostly insipid whites, but has potential for reds from Monastrell\r\n\r\nDO Utiel Requena\r\n\r\nHuge DO making lots of red jug wine\r\n\r\nVery good wines being made from Bobal\r\n\r\nDO Alicante\r\n\r\nLarge DO traditionally know for sweet wines\r\n\r\nNow making good reds from Monastrell\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Extremadura</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nLarge DO (Ribera del Guadiana) making mostly jug wines\r\n\r\nGood potential but little results\r\n\r\nBest results in whites, though reds should be better\r\n\r\nMany grapes varieties:  Tempranillo and Garnacha dominate\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Balearic Islands</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nTiny production\r\n\r\nMost wine made for local tourist consumption\r\n\r\nCheap and cheerful\r\n\r\nSome quality red wine made but quite pricy\r\n\r\nLocal varieties such as Callet, Fogoneu, Manto Negro\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Canaries</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nMedium production made for tourist industry\r\n\r\nLocal varieties such as Listran and Malvasia\r\n\r\nWhites much better than reds\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Andalucia</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nMostly fortified wines, but some interesting table wines being made in Malaga and around Granada\r\n\r\nDO Jerez\r\n\r\nLarge DO of 10,000 hectares\r\n\r\nMakes of fortified white wines of many types\r\n\r\nGrapes:\r\n\r\nPalomino for dry sherries\r\n\r\nMoscatel and PX for sweet wines\r\n\r\nNon-vintage wines made in criadera and solera systems\r\n\r\nLike cava and champagne\r\n\r\nTo preserve house style\r\n\r\nFinos and Manzanillas\r\n\r\nMade in reductive style under protective \"flor\"\r\n\r\nDry and fresh\r\n\r\nAmontillado\r\n\r\nAged Fino\r\n\r\nHas oxidative notes plus freshness of Fino\r\n\r\nOloroso:\r\n\r\nSolera without flor\r\n\r\nOxidized style:  nutty, brown\r\n\r\nAll start out dry:  some have PX added for sweetness\r\n\r\nPalo Cortado\r\n\r\nRarest style\r\n\r\nCross between Oloroso and Amontillado\r\n\r\nHas flor for short time\r\n\r\nSweet sherries\r\n\r\nMoscatel and PX dried to raisins\r\n\r\nUsed as varietal wines and blenders\r\n\r\nDO Montilla Moriles\r\n\r\nVery similar wines to sherry but using PX as base wine\r\n\r\nWhole range from Fino to sweet stickies\r\n\r\nDO Malaga\r\n\r\nFortified dessert wines from Moscatel and PX\r\n\r\nDO Huelva\r\n\r\nSimilar wines to Jerez\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Cava</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nA style DO, not geographic\r\n\r\nSparkling wine made in Champenoise style\r\n\r\nMostly white, some rosé\r\n\r\nTop sales in world before champagne\r\n\r\nProduced in 160 municipalities\r\n\r\nCataluña:  90% of cava made here\r\n\r\nOther provinces:  Rioja, Valencia, Extremadura, Aragon\r\n\r\nThree traditional grapes:  Macabeo, Parellada, Xarel.lo\r\n\r\nOther grapes:  Chardonnay, Monastrell, Pinot Noir\r\n\r\nTendency:  use of more French varieties\r\n<div></div>','Spanish Wine Regions','','inherit','open','open','','606-revision-4','','','2012-10-22 03:44:11','2012-10-22 03:44:11','',606,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/606-revision-4/',0,'revision','',0),(636,1,'2012-10-22 03:56:30','2012-10-22 03:56:30','<h2><strong>Rioja</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe Denominacion de Origen (DO) is located in Rioja, Basque Country, Navarra\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Large area known for red and some whites</li>\r\n	<li>Three sub zones: Alta,  Alavesa, and Baja</li>\r\n	<li>Most densely planted area in Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Classic wine region that led the way\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Brought French influence in 19th century</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n	<li>Most famous Spanish wine region internationally</li>\r\n	<li>DO created in 1925 (1st)</li>\r\n	<li>DOCa since 1991</li>\r\n	<li>65,000 hectares</li>\r\n	<li>More than 600 wineries</li>\r\n	<li>Main grape: Tempranillo</li>\r\n	<li>Also: Garnacha, Mazuelo, Graciano</li>\r\n	<li>Experimental grape: Cabernet Sauvignon</li>\r\n	<li>Mild climatological conditions: Atlantic influence</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nAssessment:  huge player in industry.  Lots of mediocre wine though good value and good quality wines abound. Somewhat of a stylistic identity crisis as the older traditional styles are pitted against the more modern styles that have become more popular.  Large range of styles without label indication can lead to confusion amongst consumers.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Castilla Leon</strong></h2>\r\nHuge area with five important DOs\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO Ribera del Duero</li>\r\n	<li>DO Rueda</li>\r\n	<li>DO Toro</li>\r\n	<li>DO Bierzo</li>\r\n	<li>DO Cigales</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nAlso very important is the production of Vino de la Tierra de Castilla Leon\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Ribera del Duero</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>DO since 1982</li>\r\n	<li>Considered to produce some of the finest red wines in Spain</li>\r\n	<li>Trendy and fast-growing areas</li>\r\n	<li>Prices can be quite high</li>\r\n	<li>Wines can be over-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>8,000 ha of vineyards and over 200 wineries.</li>\r\n	<li>Main grape variety:  Tinto Fino, a variant of Tempranillo</li>\r\n	<li>Climate: Continental with some Med influences</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>Very popular, especially in Madrid.  Climate gives very intense wines with great fruit and tannins...current trends in wine-making as led to some excessive oaking practices.  Can be very pricy and not always good value, but with careful selection, these are outstanding wines.</div>\r\n<strong>DO Rueda</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Small wine region (6000ha) with 36 wineries</li>\r\n	<li>White wines from Verdejo and Sauvignon Blanc</li>\r\n	<li>Created in 1980 for whites</li>\r\n	<li>Since 2001 open to reds (but few if any)</li>\r\n	<li>The wines are attractive modern, cold-fermented whites, usually un-oaked</li>\r\n	<li>Now a percentage are barrel fermented</li>\r\n	<li>The climate is wind-swept continental</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>Fantastic value whites that are ubiquitous throughout Spain.  Very consistent. at all price points.  Some of the oaked one can be over-oaked but that has been better in recent years.  The un-oaked ones are unbelievable value for money.</div>\r\n<strong>DO Toro</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Gained fame over last ten years</li>\r\n	<li>Powerful red wines with big tannins and fruit</li>\r\n	<li>Some good value wines, but many more expensive now</li>\r\n	<li>Small DO created in 1987: 34 wineries</li>\r\n	<li>Main varietal: Tinta de Toro (Tempranillo)</li>\r\n	<li>Extreme continental climate</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>Super intense wines...like Ribera, but more so.  Better value than Ribera del Duero for those who like them.</div>\r\n<strong>DO Bierzo</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>“Gateway to Galicia”: Currently high profile</li>\r\n	<li>Small red and white producing area</li>\r\n	<li>DO created in 1988: 39 wineries</li>\r\n	<li>Main grapes: Mencía (red) and Godello (white)</li>\r\n	<li>Mild climate</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<div>Excellent reds form Mencia and whites from Godello.  Can be good value though prices have risen due to recent popularity and small production.</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Cataluña</strong></h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Huge region with 12 DOs with many climatic and geographic variations</li>\r\n	<li>1999: a regional DO called DO Cataluña</li>\r\n	<li>Strongest on whites but also great reds</li>\r\n	<li>Widespread use of indigenous varieties</li>\r\n	<li>Widespread use of international varieties</li>\r\n	<li>90% of Cava produced here</li>\r\n	<li>Key in spread of modern equipment and techniques</li>\r\n	<li>All of the DOs are improving dramatically</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<strong>DO Penedés</strong>\r\n\r\nImportant DO since 1960:  150 wineries\r\n\r\nImportant innovator in wine\r\n\r\nCenter of Cava production\r\n\r\nAlso elegant whites and reds\r\n\r\n<strong>DOCa Priorat</strong>\r\n\r\nSmall, exclusive DO since 1954: 26 wineries\r\n\r\nVery expensive wines\r\n\r\nFamous for huge, mineral red wines\r\n\r\nUnique soils: licorella\r\n\r\nUse of Garnacha and Cariñena with French varieties\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Montsant</strong>\r\n\r\nSimilar wines to Priorat…less expensive\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Terra Alta</strong>\r\n\r\nStill rustic at times…similar potential to Priorat\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Alella</strong>\r\n\r\nTiny coastal DO: mostly known for whites\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Apurdán-Costa Brava</strong>\r\n\r\nSmall coastal DO known traditionally for rosados\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Concá de Barbera</strong>\r\n\r\nMedium size interior DO used as source for cava wines\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Costers de Segre</strong>\r\n\r\nSmall interior DO used a source for cava wines\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Plá de Bagés</strong>\r\n\r\nTiny interior DO known for crisp whites\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Tarragona</strong>\r\n\r\nLarge coastal/interior DO makes a wide variety of wines\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Castilla La Mancha</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nHuge region: one of the biggest in the world\r\n\r\n9 DOs:  more being created\r\n\r\nVery hot region producing Mediterranean style red wines\r\n\r\nVery good value and improving quality\r\n\r\nLots of jug wine still!\r\n\r\nVery good Vinos de la Tierra de Castilla\r\n\r\nAlso several Vinos de Pago\r\n\r\n<strong>DO La Mancha</strong>\r\n\r\nEnormous DO making good quality wine from Tempranillo\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Valdepeñas</strong>\r\n\r\nVery large DO making traditional wines from Tempranillo\r\n\r\n<strong>Other DOs</strong>\r\n\r\nDO Almansa, DO Manchela, DO Méntrida, DO Mondéjar, DO Riber del Júcar\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Vinos de Madrid</strong>\r\n\r\nNot technically La Mancha, but similar situation and similar wines\r\n\r\nImproving...but best wines are expensive\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Aragon</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nLarge region with 4 DOs\r\n\r\nOne is very high quality, the other three improving rapidly\r\n\r\nLots of jug wine made here\r\n\r\nExcellent climate for high quality wine\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Somontano</strong>\r\n\r\nSmall, but growing DO with excellent quality\r\n\r\nVery good prices\r\n\r\nElegant, varied wines from indigenous and French varieties\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Calatayud</strong>\r\n\r\nMedium DO still rustic but interesting old-vine Garnacha and cavas\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Cariñena</strong>\r\n\r\nLarge DO making lots of jug wine and some interesting old-vine Garnacha\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Campo de Borja</strong>\r\n\r\nMedium DO with lots of Garnacha\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Galicia</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nMild, wet region known for interesting whites with 5 DOs\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Rias Baixas</strong>\r\n\r\nTop quality, small DO making whites from Albariño\r\n\r\nHumidity, rain, main challenges\r\n\r\nNo bulk wine allowed\r\n\r\nWines can be pricy\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Valdeorras</strong>\r\n\r\nHigh quality small DO on border with Leon\r\n\r\nEastern, sheltered location gives more full-bodied whites and reds from Godello and Mencía\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Monterei</strong>\r\n\r\nHot, sheltered, tiny DO makes mostly reds\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Ribeiro</strong>\r\n\r\nSmall, coastal DO makes light, spritzy, blended whites\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Ribera Sacra</strong>\r\n\r\nSmall DO making traditional Galician whites\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Navarra and Basque Country</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nOne large DO and 3 tiny ones\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Navarra</strong>\r\n\r\nLarge DO making some very good wines: 109 wineries\r\n\r\nUse of a lot of indigenous and foreign grapes\r\n\r\nReputation built on rosés\r\n\r\nNow many more interesting reds and whites\r\n\r\nCross between continental and Atlantic climate\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Txacoli</strong>\r\n\r\nThree separate DOs: Alava, Getaria, Vizcaya\r\n\r\nMaking vinho verde style wines from local varieties\r\n\r\nHondarribi Zuri and Hondarribi Beltza\r\n\r\nMost are easy-drinking quaffers, but a few more serious wines being made now\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Valencia and Murcia</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nLarge jug wine areas now making very interesting wines\r\n\r\n<h2> Murcia:</h2>  3 DOs\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Jumilla</strong>\r\n\r\nEnormous DO with growing reputation for quality wines\r\n\r\nRed, quality wines based on Monastrell\r\n\r\nInteresting dessert wines\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Bullas</strong>\r\n\r\nSmall DO with higher altitude makes some interesting reds from Monastrell\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Yecla</strong>\r\n\r\nMedium DO similar to Jumilla\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2>Valencia: </h2> 3 DOs\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Valencia</strong>\r\n\r\nLarge DO making mostly insipid whites, but has potential for reds from Monastrell\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Utiel Requena</strong>\r\n\r\nHuge DO making lots of red jug wine\r\n\r\nVery good wines being made from Bobal\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Alicante</strong>\r\n\r\nLarge DO traditionally know for sweet wines\r\n\r\nNow making good reds from Monastrell\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Extremadura</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nLarge DO (Ribera del Guadiana) making mostly jug wines\r\n\r\nGood potential but little results\r\n\r\nBest results in whites, though reds should be better\r\n\r\nMany grapes varieties:  Tempranillo and Garnacha dominate\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Balearic Islands</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nTiny production\r\n\r\nMost wine made for local tourist consumption\r\n\r\nCheap and cheerful\r\n\r\nSome quality red wine made but quite pricy\r\n\r\nLocal varieties such as Callet, Fogoneu, Manto Negro\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Canaries</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nMedium production made for tourist industry\r\n\r\nLocal varieties such as Listran and Malvasia\r\n\r\nWhites much better than reds\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Andalucia</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nMostly fortified wines, but some interesting table wines being made in Malaga and around Granada\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Jerez</strong>\r\n\r\nLarge DO of 10,000 hectares\r\n\r\nMakes of fortified white wines of many types\r\n\r\nGrapes:\r\n\r\nPalomino for dry sherries\r\n\r\nMoscatel and PX for sweet wines\r\n\r\nNon-vintage wines made in criadera and solera systems\r\n\r\nLike cava and champagne\r\n\r\nTo preserve house style\r\n\r\nFinos and Manzanillas\r\n\r\nMade in reductive style under protective \"flor\"\r\n\r\nDry and fresh\r\n\r\nAmontillado\r\n\r\nAged Fino\r\n\r\nHas oxidative notes plus freshness of Fino\r\n\r\nOloroso:\r\n\r\nSolera without flor\r\n\r\nOxidized style:  nutty, brown\r\n\r\nAll start out dry:  some have PX added for sweetness\r\n\r\nPalo Cortado\r\n\r\nRarest style\r\n\r\nCross between Oloroso and Amontillado\r\n\r\nHas flor for short time\r\n\r\nSweet sherries\r\n\r\nMoscatel and PX dried to raisins\r\n\r\nUsed as varietal wines and blenders\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Montilla Moriles</strong>\r\n\r\nVery similar wines to sherry but using PX as base wine\r\n\r\nWhole range from Fino to sweet stickies\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Malaga/Sierras de Malaga</strong>\r\n\r\nFortified dessert wines from Moscatel and PX\r\n\r\n<strong>DO Huelva</strong>\r\n\r\nSimilar wines to Jerez\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2><strong>Cava</strong></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nA style DO, not geographic\r\n\r\nSparkling wine made in Champenoise style\r\n\r\nMostly white, some rosé\r\n\r\nTop sales in world before champagne\r\n\r\nProduced in 160 municipalities\r\n\r\nCataluña:  90% of cava made here\r\n\r\nOther provinces:  Rioja, Valencia, Extremadura, Aragon\r\n\r\nThree traditional grapes:  Macabeo, Parellada, Xarel.lo\r\n\r\nOther grapes:  Chardonnay, Monastrell, Pinot Noir\r\n\r\nTendency:  use of more French varieties\r\n<div></div>','Spanish Wine Regions','','inherit','open','open','','606-revision-5','','','2012-10-22 03:56:30','2012-10-22 03:56:30','',606,'http://planetavino.net/newsite/606-revision-5/',0,'revision','',0),