<h3>Jean-Marie Kauth, PhD, literature and environment professor at Benedictine University runs down the environment and health concerns of synthetic lawn pesticides.</h3>
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 	<li>Dandelions are <a href="http://midwestpesticideaction.org/dealing-with-dandelions/" target="_blank">pretty and edible</a>
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 	<li>Dandelions are good food for bees, <a href="http://midwestpesticideaction.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/MPAC-Bee-Friendly-Garden.pdf">which are struggling</a>.<img class="wp-image-3487 alignleft" src="http://midwestpesticideaction.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Fact-9-pic.jpg" alt="fact-9-pic" width="352" height="234" /></li>
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<ol start="8">
 	<li>Pesticides are harmful to <a href="http://midwestpesticideaction.org/the-problem/environment/">wildlife</a>, particularly amphibians.
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<ol start="7">
 	<li>Lawn chemicals are expensive and consume <a href="http://midwestpesticideaction.org/what-we-do/reducing-climate-impact/">fossil fuels</a>.</li>
</ol>
<ol start="6">
 	<li>Pesticides have been shown to cross the placenta and contaminate breast milk (Anderson et al 2000; Landrigan et al 2002).
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<ol start="5">
 	<li>Ma et al (2002) showed a link between maternal exposures to pesticides and childhood leukemia.<img class=" wp-image-3490 alignleft" src="http://midwestpesticideaction.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Fact-5-pic.jpg" alt="fact-5-pic" width="361" height="363" /></li>
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 	<li>Pesticides can cause IQ losses, learning disabilities, and autism:</li>
</ol>
<ul>
 	<li><i class="fa fa-leaf">  Recent studies have shown that we are systematically lowering our children’s IQs by exposing them to pesticides, particularly organophosphate pesticides such as chlorpyrifos (Bouchard 2011; Engel 2011; Rauh 2011).</i></li>
 	<li><i class="fa fa-leaf">  Children exposed before birth to organophosphate pesticides at the highest level – the highest 20% -- tested 7.0 IQ points lower than children exposed at the lowest level – the lowest 20% (Bouchard 2011).</i></li>
 	<li><i class="fa fa-leaf">  Children in the lowest 20% of exposure are not at zero, or even non-testable levels.</i></li>
 	<li><i class="fa fa-leaf">  An estimated one fourth of all American children lose IQ points to pesticide exposures – an estimated 16 million IQ points total (Bouchard 2011).</i></li>
 	<li><i class="fa fa-leaf">  Studies have repeatedly linked pesticides to autism and ADHD.</i></li>
 	<li><i class="fa fa-leaf">  Right now, 1 in 68 children are diagnosed with autism, compared to 1 in 166 just a few years ago.</i></li>
</ul>
<ol start="3">
 	<li>Both <a href="http://deainfo.nci.nih.gov/advisory/pcp/annualReports/pcp08-09rpt/PCP_Report_08-09_508.pdf" target="_blank">The President's Cancer Panel </a>and <a href="http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/130/6/e1757" target="_blank">The American Academy of Pediatrics</a> (AAP) identify landscape chemicals as significant contributors to childhood illness and death. The AAP is quite blunt in its assessment:</li>
</ol>
<ol>
<ol>"Three overarching principles can be identified: (1) pesticide exposures are common and cause both acute and chronic effects; (2) pediatricians need to be knowledgeable in pesticide identification, counseling, and management; and (3) governmental actions to improve pesticide safety are needed.... Chronic toxicity end points identified in epidemiologic studies include adverse birth outcomes including preterm birth, low birth weight, and congenital anomalies, pediatric cancers, neurobehavioral and cognitive deficits, and asthma." (Roberts and Carr 2012).</ol>
</ol>
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<ol start="2">
 	<li>Many childhood health harms tied to pesticide exposure are on the rise (<a href="http://www.panna.org/resources/publication-report/report-generation-jeopardy" target="_blank">PANNA</a> 2013)<img class=" wp-image-3491 alignleft" src="http://midwestpesticideaction.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Fact-2-pic.jpg" alt="fact-2-pic" width="461" height="285" /></li>
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<ol>
 	<li>Every infant now born is pre-polluted with more than <a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/newborn-babies-chemicals-exposure-bpa/" target="_blank">200 toxic chemicals each</a>, including many pesticides<a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/newborn-babies-chemicals-exposure-bpa/">
<img class="size-full wp-image-3492 alignleft" src="http://midwestpesticideaction.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Fact-1-pic.jpg" alt="fact-1-pic" width="299" height="445" /></a></li>
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<em>Jean-Marie, also, writes for her blog <a href="http://www.poisoningchildren.com/" target="_blank">www.poisoningchildren.com</a></em>

References

Anderson HA, Wolff MS. Environmental contaminants in human milk. 2000. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 10 Suppl 6:755-760.

Bouchard MF, Chevrier J, Harley KG, Kogut K, Vedar M, Calderon N, Trujillo C, Johnson C, Bradman A, Barr DB, Eskenazi B.   2011 Aug. Prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides and IQ in 7-year-old children. Environ Health Perspect 119(8): 1189-1195.

Engel SM, Wetmur J, Chen J, Zhu C, Barr DB, Canfield RL, et al. 2011.   Prenatal exposure to organophosphates, paraoxonase 1 and cognitive development in childhood. Environ Health Perspect 119:1182-1188.

Goodman S. 2009. Tests find more than 200 chemicals in newborn umbilical cord blood. Scientific American. Retrieved from <a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/newborn-babies-chemicals-exposure-bpa/">https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/newborn-babies-chemicals-exposure-bpa/</a>

Landrigan PJ, Sonawane B, Mattison D, McCally M, Garg A. 2002. Chemical Contaminants in Breast Milk and Their Impacts on Children's Health: An Overview. Environ Health Perspect110(6):A313-A315. Available from <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1240884/">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1240884/</a>

Ma X, Buffler PA, Gunier RB, Dahl G, Smith MT, Reinier K, Reynolds P. 2002. Critical windows of exposure to household pesticides and risk of childhood leukemia. Environ Health Perspec110(9):955-960. Available from <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1240997/">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1240997/</a>

Pesticide Action Network North America (PANNA). 2013. A generation in jeopardy. PANNA. Available from <a href="http://www.panna.org/resources/publication-report/report-generation-jeopardy">http://www.panna.org/resources/publication-report/report-generation-jeopardy</a>

Rauh V, Arundjadai S, Horton M, Perera F, Hoepner L, Barr DB, et al. 2011. Seven-year neurodevelopmental scores and prenatal exposure to chlorpyrifos, a common agricultural pesticide. Environ Health Perspect 119:1196-1201.Available from http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1003160/

Roberts JR, Carr CJ. 2012. Policy statement: Pesticide exposure in children. American Academy of Pediatrics 130(6):e1757-1763.Available from <a href="http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/130/6/e1757">http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/130/6/e1757</a>