<h2>
	<a name="TOC-OVERVIEW"></a>OVERVIEW</h2>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	The goal of making an oral presentation is to quickly summarize the research and allow others to ask questions of the student research team. Students should be thinking about their &lsquo;take home message&rsquo; &ndash; the most important finding of their work &ndash; and be sure it&rsquo;s clear to the audience. Encourage students to think of the presentation as teaching other people about what they&rsquo;ve learned now that they are the experts in this particular research topic.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<h2 style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
	<a name="TOC-GUIDELINES"></a>GUIDELINES</h2>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
	The following oral presentation guide is available as a printable pdf sheet for students at <a href="#guide">the end of this activity</a>.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
	<u><b>Helpful guidelines for making oral presentations </b></u></p>
<ul>
	<li>
		Preparing for the presentation
		<ul>
			<li>
				Know the subject. You already know what you studied and what results were obtained.</li>
			<li>
				Identify the topic. What is the information you want to tell others about your work?</li>
			<li>
				Know how much time you have to speak; how many others from your team will be speaking and how much time will they need?</li>
			<li>
				Know who your audience is.</li>
			<li>
				Identify the material to be presented. Much of the presentation can be taken from the poster that your team has prepared.</li>
		</ul>
	</li>
</ul>
<div>
	<ul>
		<li>
			Determine the main points of the presentation.
			<ul>
				<li>
					Write a short single sentence about the main topic&mdash;you may want to include your hypothesis.</li>
				<li>
					Identify no more than 3-5 sub-topics that support your main topic-such as a brief description of the materials and methods used, and a description of the results&mdash;what the data showed, what they mean, and whether or not your hypothesis was supported. (Remember, there is no right or wrong answer. The hypothesis is either supported or not supported.)</li>
				<li>
					Make an outline of the presentation.</li>
				<li>
					Use note cards with key words, not whole sentences, to trigger your memory, and use them to refer to during your presentation. Don&rsquo;t forget to number the cards in case they get mixed up.</li>
				<li>
					Use one card for the introduction (includes your main statement and such information as why mercury is important and why you chose the question you were trying to answer).</li>
			</ul>
			<ul>
				<li>
					Use one or two cards for each sub-topic.</li>
				<li>
					Use one card for the conclusion. (The conclusion summarizes the main idea and the major points.)</li>
			</ul>
		</li>
	</ul>
</div>
<div>
	&nbsp;</div>
<div>
	<ul>
		<li>
			Practice, practice, practice
			<ul>
				<li>
					Read your speech out loud several times to hear how it will sound to your audience. Practice giving your speech in front of a mirror, some of your friends or your class.</li>
			</ul>
		</li>
	</ul>
</div>
<div>
	&nbsp;</div>
<div>
	<ul>
		<li>
			Giving the speech
			<ul>
				<li>
					When you are giving your speech stay calm and smile.</li>
				<li>
					Remember to slow your speech down&mdash;don&rsquo;t rush through the words.</li>
				<li>
					Make sure to enunciate clearly and don&#39;t slur your words.</li>
				<li>
					Speak a little louder than you would in normal conversation. Stand close to the microphone and avoid yelling into it.</li>
				<li>
					Speak loud enough so that you can be easily heard by the entire audience, not just the first few rows.</li>
				<li>
					Make eye contact with the audience-if you can&rsquo;t do that, at least look at something just above their heads.</li>
				<li>
					You are the expert. It is your research so you know the material better than anyone.</li>
				<li>
					Don&rsquo;t leave the podium immediately after completion of your speech. There may be questions.</li>
				<li>
					Humor is always a plus!</li>
			</ul>
		</li>
	</ul>
	<h2>
		<a name="TOC-ASSESSMENT"></a>ASSESSMENT</h2>
	<p>
		The posters prepared by the students will serve as the basis of the Unit 6 assessment. An important aspect of presenting information is the ability to receive and use feedback as well as to be a critical consumer of presentations in various forms. The assessment for Unit 6 asks the student to conduct a critical review of a few of the posters, and then has the student reflect on suggested changes to their own poster.</p>
	<p>
		Each student should review at least three posters generated by other students and provide feedback using either the <i>Poster Presentations Reviewer Form</i> (longer version) or the<i> Poster Review Scorecard</i> (shorter version). Both are provided as printable sheets at <a href="https://sites.google.com/site/mercuryourwatershedfriends/watershed-experiences/unit-6/c-presenting-a-poster#guide">the end of this activity</a>. The feedback that students receive, in turn, should be the foundation of a reflective piece, written by the students, on what they could change to clarify or improve their own posters. Students are assessing the work of each other and in turn being assessed on their ability to be discriminating producers and consumers of graphic information.</p>
	<p>
		By reviewing other posters the students have the opportunity to critique the quality of information they are receiving. The researchers who have created the posters receive feedback to improve or clarify the research story that they are trying to tell. By reading posters the students will develop a feel for posters that tell a concise story and also those that need improvement.</p>
	<p>
		Process:</p>
	<ol>
		<li>
			Students will:<br />
			<span><span> A.<span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span>review posters using the <i>Poster Presentations Reviewer Form</i> or the <i>Poster Review Scorecard</i><br />
			<span><span> B.<span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span>complete the Form or Scorecard for each poster reviewed<br />
			<span><span> C.<span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span>hand in their reviews to their instructors.</li>
		<li>
			Instructors may use the <i>Peer Critique Rubric </i>(also provided as a printable sheet at <a href="https://sites.google.com/site/mercuryourwatershedfriends/watershed-experiences/unit-6/c-presenting-a-poster#guide">the end of this activity</a>) to determine whether the reviewers provided an appropriate peer critique.</li>
		<li>
			Instructors will forward the reviews to the presenters.</li>
		<li>
			Students will reflect on their posters and the reviewers&rsquo; comments with the following questions in mind:<br />
			<span><span> A.<span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span>When you get the opportunity to present a poster about your research again, what would you keep just the way it is about your poster and why?<br />
			<span><span> B.<span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span>What change or changes would you make to your poster and why?</li>
	</ol>
	<p>
		&nbsp;</p>
	<h2>
		<a name="TOC-ENRICHMENT"></a>ENRICHMENT</h2>
	<p>
		Constructive criticism is an important skill in science and in many other fields. Here are two enrichment activities that build on the poster critique. One is a critique of the student&rsquo;s own poster, and one is a creative version of a peer review &ndash; proposing changes to another student&rsquo;s poster. It&rsquo;s important to reinforce the constructive &ndash; not negative or judgmental &ndash; nature of scientific criticism in these activities.</p>
	<p>
		<b><i>Self-critique: </i></b></p>
	<p>
		Now that you have presented your poster and received feedback from poster reviewers please answer the following:</p>
	<ol>
		<li>
			When you get the opportunity to present a poster about your research again what would you keep just the way it is about your poster and presentation? Why?</li>
		<li>
			What change or changes would you make to your poster and presentation? Why?</li>
	</ol>
	<p>
		<i><b>Rethinking a colleague&rsquo;s poster: </b></i></p>
	<p>
		Complete a rough draft of&nbsp;a poster that you would create for one of the posters that you viewed, concentrating on improving the clarity of the poster and the research done.</p>
	<h2>
		<a name="guide"></a></h2>
	<h2>
		<a name="TOC-HANDOUTS"></a>HANDOUTS</h2>
	<p>
		These documents can be viewed by clicking the links below.&nbsp; Individual PDFs of each document can be downloaded from the &quot;attachments&quot; at the bottom of this web page.</p>
	<ul>
		<li>
			<a href="goog_1809739188" target="_blank">Guide to Oral Presentation</a><a href="https://sites.google.com/site/mercuryourwatershedfriends/watershed-experiences/unit-6/c-presenting-a-poster/OralPresGuidelines.pdf?attredirects=0" target="_blank">s</a></li>
		<li>
			<a href="https://sites.google.com/site/mercuryourwatershedfriends/watershed-experiences/unit-6/c-presenting-a-poster/PosterPresentationsReviewerForm.pdf?attredirects=0" target="_blank">Poster Presentations Reviewer Form</a></li>
		<li>
			<a href="https://sites.google.com/site/mercuryourwatershedfriends/watershed-experiences/unit-6/c-presenting-a-poster/PosterReviewScorecard.pdf?attredirects=0" target="_blank">Poster Review Scorecard</a></li>
		<li>
			For Teacher&#39;s Use: <a href="https://sites.google.com/site/mercuryourwatershedfriends/watershed-experiences/unit-6/c-presenting-a-poster/PeerCritiqueRubricforTeachers.pdf?attredirects=0" target="_blank">Peer Critique Rubric</a></li>
	</ul>
</div>
