INSERT INTO `wp_posts` VALUES (1466,1,'2011-05-11 21:56:45','2011-05-12 03:56:45','It is the year 2100 and an extremely severe earthquake has struck Japan. The nuclear power plants that had been repaired from a past earthquake in 2011 have been damaged again. But this time the damage was not repairable.  Radiation has leaked and spread into the earth, water sources, and the Pacific Ocean. This is causing certain defects in a number of species and is a hazard to the population of the earth. Radiation will slowly damage the human species and genetically alter the population; this is something that we cannot allow to happen. Certain species are becoming affected more than others. Specifically, the <em>Periplaneta americana</em> has shown not only a rise in number, but also an increase in size. With the rate of this phenomenon, the species will overcome the human population 100 fold. In simpler terms, the earth is uninhabitable due to the take over of giant cockroaches.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Giant-Cockroach.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1458\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Giant-Cockroach-300x229.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"229\" />http://www.itsnature.org/Ground/images/article-pics/Giant-Cockroach.jpg</a></p>\r\nWe must relocate immediately and take as many resources as we can. There will be many spacecrafts sent into space until a location is found to relocate. The main craft, called <em>The Survivor,</em> will be the biggest and will house the most important items. Not only should we take food, water, certain species of animals and plants, and other necessities for survival, but also we should take with us certain artifacts that played a significant role in history and helped shape the earth to where it is today. This way, people aboard the ships can gather knowledge about the works as well as become inspired. The four artifacts to be preserved and taken on the craft will be the Nike of Samothrace, the Chartres Cathedral, Machiavelli’s <em>Mandrake</em>, and Ibn Sina’s <em>Canon of Medicine</em>.\r\n\r\nThe area for these works to be displayed will be located in the center of the main spacecraft in a square pattern. Each work will be housed in its own very large room. Each room will be able to hold 100 people maximum capacity. There will be motion sensors and alarms close to each of the works and there will be security cameras regulated at all times by a highly trained security team. Each room will be located on the corner of a “square” with hallways connecting each. In the hallways and throughout the rooms, there will be a continuously moving walkway with seats attached to it. This allows for maximum comfort for each person as well as providing safety for the museum. Since technology is so advanced in the year 2100, each person transported into space will own an iPad100. This is the most advanced form of Apple technology for the time in terms of handheld noncellular devices. As one passes through each room, information will automatically become available for reading or listening on the iPad.\r\n\r\nThe first room will be dedicated to the Nike of Samothrace sculpture. The entire eight foot tall original piece will be taken from the Louvre museum in France. It will be kept in an airtight, soundproof, bulletproof glass box that only allows a certain type of non-damaging light to shine upon the object. It is very important that the sculpture is not eroded away by environmental factors or human errors.\r\n\r\nThe Nike of Samothrace displays beautiful body positioning, expressive details, and shows shadowing techniques, which were typical of artists during the Hellenistic era. The piece is realistic and it expresses strong emotion when viewed. During the approximate time it was sculpted, there were battles for territory as empires tried to control as much of the earth as possible. Men were viewed as the dominant gender and honor was of great importance in society. By winning battles, one gained more honor, so victory was of great desire. This sculpture expresses victory in a powerful stance, thus revealing the cultural trends of the time.\r\n\r\nThe Nike of Samothrace is innovative for its time because it is a sensuous, triumphant structure that portrays a goddess as a more realistic figure. The Nike’s cloth, known as a chiton, is sculpted with great attention to detail and it tightly hugs against her skin as it flows in the wind. The cloth flows between her legs and does not fully cover her stomach and parts of her upper chest, so it is slightly sexual. The Nike’s stance is also an innovative feature. Her stance is at a twisting angle as though she is landing from the air onto the prow of a ship and stabilizing herself.  There is a proud, fearless posture that gives off feelings of power by simply viewing it. Her huge, outstretched wings are intimidating. Overall, the Nike instills the feelings of power and triumph that she represents into viewers and it is important that many people have the opportunity to view the magnificent sculpture.\r\n\r\nFrom this work, it is important for future generations to know the importance of posture, body language, clothing attire, and context. The upright, courageous posture of the goddess expresses confidence and gives a sense of forward movement. Her outstretched wings show the open spirit to any challengers. The Nike of Samothrace was commemorating some victory, though the exact battle is unknown. It is vital to keep this sculpture with us in order to show the importance of triumph and honor as well as to inspire other artists. Through sculpting, thoughts of certain cultures or people can be expressed.\r\n\r\nThe second room will be dedicated to the Chartres Cathedral. Since the cathedral is too large to transport successfully onto the craft, only certain pieces of the original will be taken. The pieces to be preserved will be the stained glass from the West Rose windows, a flying buttress, one of the spires, one of the Royal portals, and the tunic worn by Mary during the birth of Jesus. The tunic is known as the Sancta Camisia and is a very important artifact in the Christian religion. Each of these pieces will be boxed in the same safety glass container as the Nike of Samothrace.\r\n\r\nThe Chartres was built during the High Middle Ages, when religion played a huge role in society. Religion affected education, politics, and social status. The church was wealthy; this explains the grandeur, awe-inspiring gothic architecture of Chartres. The huge size made it a main focus of the town and other buildings were nothing compared to its architecture. It expressed the centrality formed around religion at the time.\r\n\r\nChartres had many innovative features. The stained glass on the West Rose windows was created to represent the Christian event of the Last Judgment. The Gothic architect experimented with new colors, and “Chartres blue” was first used in the West Rose stained glass windows. The glass windows express passion, resurrection, and incarnation through the colorful pictorial events. Other unique elements to Chartres are the flying buttresses, or structural elements used for support, and the differing spire heights. These two features made Chartres unique and structurally elaborated to its beauty. These advancements in architecture placed on such a powerful building can lead to future buildings using the advancements. A new technique or style can spread from culture to culture. This is why many unique features of Chartres are seen in other cathedrals.\r\n\r\nThe Chartres Cathedral’s flamboyant Gothic architecture, as seen through the towering spires, stained glass, flying buttresses, and unique portals, is significant for future generations to appreciate. Chartres should be preserved so history can be learned and allow for generations in the future to see what life was like in the medieval time period. For the detailed architecture and beauty achieved in Chartres, no words can describe the amount of effort, faith, and heart put into it by the Christians of the medieval time period. Future generations will look over this cathedral and miss the inspirational history and unique architectural details of it unless this is preserved. This needs to be preserved so future generations can see the importance behind historical buildings like the Chartres Cathedral.\r\n\r\nThe third room will be dedicated to Machiavelli’s piece <em>The Mandrake Root,</em> or simply <em>The Mandrake. </em>The original piece of literature will be displayed in the safety glass box with special lighting shining on it. No one will be allowed to touch it because environmental factors, such as the grease and dirt from people’s fingers, will cause deterioration of the pages.\r\n\r\nAt the time of this publication, the Renaissance was in full force in Europe. Progress was seen as a process of improving the lot of the individual and was a valued belief during this time. Christianity was beginning to emerge because it seemed to fit the secular beliefs and desires of the rising merchant class. Popes were often involved in the fight for political power; greed and self-indulgence was often seen. This work was a comedic play about a young man, Callimaco, who is attracted to a young woman, Lucrezia, who is married to an older lawyer by the name of Nicia and takes place over a 24-hour time span. Callimaco devises a plan, with others involved, to deceive the lawyer in order to win Lucrezia’s love. Aspects of greed, deception, self-indulgence, and criticism of the church can be seen in the play; this reflects beliefs Machiavelli felt of society at the time.\r\n\r\nThere were not many comedies produced during the time <em>The Mandrake</em> was published, so this was a refreshing play. This humorous play commenting on human nature and self-absorption was innovative. The ideas seen in the play could be applied to life at the time; it was a unique way for comment on society. It was a hysterical piece that all ages could enjoy; at the same time, the intellectuals who caught on to the hidden messages could applaud the play. The creativity Machiavelli used to comment on certain aspects of life through a comedic play shows how one person can express their beliefs through writing/acting. People who read or saw the play were touched by his words, thus creating deeper thinking about themselves and/or society. Reflection about certain ideas in literature can bring about positive change. The themes in the play can be spread each time it is read.\r\n\r\nThe fact that this comedy has alternate messages hidden within the plot is significant for future generations to know about. By simply reading a piece of literature and not searching for deeper meanings to apply to one’s own life, potential personal growth will be lost for generations to come. <em>The Mandrake</em> shows that all types of literature can have deeper themes, whether it is a comedy, poem, or novel, etc. It is important for generations to see how ideas expressed through writing can be comments on the way of life during the published time period. <em>The Mandrake</em> allows us to see views on the corruption of the church, society’s flawed morals, and other ideas. <em>The Mandrake</em> should be preserved so the themes of the piece can live on and be applied to future generations.\r\n\r\nThe final room will be dedicated to Ibn Sina’s <em>Canon of Medicine</em>. It will be displayed in the same manner as <em>The Mandrake. </em>The original standard medical text will be taken on the craft to be preserved.\r\n\r\n<em>The Canon of Medicine</em> was published in 1025. At this time historically, countries across the world were striving to advance in ways of knowledge, religion, art, and ultimately power. In the Islamic lands, the church and the state were inseparable, thus theocratic rule was present. Islam was openly receptive to the achievements in intellect from other cultures and had a strong will to discover the workings of the natural world. Intellectualists were avid in inventing new concepts or proving new theories that could be revolutionary. The Persian Muslim scientist Ibn Sina was determind to make advancements in the medical world and his <em>Canon of Medicine </em>achieved this desire.\r\n\r\nThe encyclopedia had a number of innovative ideas in the field of medicine. It also introduced a new set of medical terminology. For example, he attributed to the cause of plague to mice, commented on many contagious diseases, proposed using horse hair for stitches during surgery, experimented with different drugs for anesthesia, described surgical procedures, proposed certain spices could be used to help with blood clotting after a surgery, and understood the relationship between temperature and the spread of diseases. It set the foundation for many surgeries, pharmacology practices, and illness diagnoses. This discovery represents the idea that through determination and research, a single person can make a huge impact in the world of knowledge.\r\n\r\nIt is important for future generations to know that the <em>Canon of Medicine</em> was the foundation for a great amount of introductory ideas on surgery, illness, medicine, and ultimately healthy living. It is important that generations ahead see how a single person’s discoveries can change the world forever. This great encyclopedia should inspire us all to feed our hunger for knowledge and discovery. Many of Ibn Sina’s ideas were elaborated upon and have evolved into some of the most successful and accurate ideas and procedures used in today’s medicinal world.\r\n\r\nPeople on the ship who visit the square museum will instantly become inspired and impacted personally by each of the revolutionary pieces. There will be an application similar to Twitter that can be accessed from the iPads. People can tweet their thoughts about each of the pieces and share their ideas with one another. It will also allow for others on the ships to meet each other through this interaction and spread their thoughts and feelings about the museum. Social interaction will be important because through discussion and expression about the museum and its works, people can grow and learn from each other. The museum will be a huge success and people from other smaller crafts will visit <em>The Survivor</em> in order to attend this life-changing, inspiring display.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Final TCP Project','','inherit','open','open','','1454-revision-3','','','2011-05-11 21:56:45','2011-05-12 03:56:45','',1454,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1466',0,'revision','',0),(1464,34,'2011-05-11 22:04:35','2011-05-12 04:04:35','Final Project\n\n For my room, where all of my works of art will be displayed, I decided that what could be better than looking at works of art in a work of art.  I decided to take different pieces of the Colosseum I decided to take pieces of the different Colosseum such as the column arches paintings and sculptures portrayed on the walls to rebuild a one-third replica of the enormous arena. Even being one third the size of the original Colosseum would be approximately the same size as a large classroom, if not slightly bigger. The replica of the Colosseum will still be preserved since there are still actual pieces of the work of art in the replica. It will be displayed as its own room, where all of the other pieces of art are displayed throughout the inside of the arena.  One of the many beautiful works of art is the Bayeux tapestry. This is tapestry is not a tapestry at all, it is actually an embroidery. This long, strip of linen reached a length of two hundred thirty feet by twenty inches. It illustrates events leading up to the Battle of Hastings and the conquest of the Norman Invasion. It consisted of eight different colors along with many men, dogs, horses, and other symbols and meanings. The Bayeux Tapestry will be hanging on display along the wall of the Colosseum.\n\n                Another fascinating work of art is Palladio’s Four Books on Architecture.  Andrea Palladio was a skillful architect from the sixteenth century. His main focus was churches, palaces, and villas. One of Palladio’s unique skills was building his structures perfectly symmetrical. Palladio’s Four Books of Architecture will be preserved and displayed on a podium which is a piece of one of Palladio’s famous structures, the Villa Rotonda. I’ve decided to take a small piece of the building so others could see the detail put into the smallest piece from a large work of art.\n\n                Finally, there is the Treasury of a Well-Turned Verse. This collection of poems are known as Sanskrit poems, which are unique poems that have to do with the sexual and erotic aspects of love. The collector of these fascinating poems is a Buddhist monk by the name of Vidykara. This anthology was typical of its era due to the alliteration, assonance, and lack of rhyme. The alliteration portrayed in the poems had the same consonant sound. For example, the words “scent of the sweat” would be the alliteration used in the poem, Treasury of a Well-Turned Verse. The assonance in the poems would have the same vowel sound. For example, the words “wished to kiss” would be the assonance that is portrayed in the poem.  This type of work was unusual for its time because Indian poetry has more of a sexual and erotic perspective rather than a romantic perspective. Since this work was unusual for its time, this type of poetry was not really seen until the mid 600<sup>th</sup> century. People saw it as a new perspective on love and not the romantic aspect of it. People today find this work very important. It shows that Indian anthologies in the earlier times have demonstrated amazing progress and have influenced many poets and authors to create such successful work. These erotic poems describe the beauty of a woman’s body or facial features and describe the actions that want to be done, such as to kiss her lips. I would like to preserve these erotic poems by putting then in a glass case and projecting them on the walls of the Colosseum. The Colosseum’s artistic trends were its sculptures, paintings, and structure. For something as large and well preserved as the coliseum it is one of the most beautiful pieces of architecture. I feel that is most significant for future generations to know about the Colosseum is how to construct a building that has stayed up for years and has had very few reconstructed areas. The lack of high tech tools they used and still were able to construct such a strong architectural structure is astounding. The Colosseum has become a huge part of artistic history. If future generations knew how to construct a structure that is as strong and well preserved as the prodigious Colosseum, our future generations are going to be on the path of great success with architectural artistry. The cultural trends of its era had many different events that went on in the Colosseum, such as the gladiator fights. The Bayeux Tapestry was the beautiful design of this embroidery. It was so interesting that the conquest of the Norman Invasion and the Battle of Hastings is portrayed on the embroidery. It had eight different colors with hundreds of men, horses, dogs, and many other animals. Palladio’s Four Books on Architecture was so beautiful with its symmetrical and precise structures and the gorgeous sculptures and paintings portrayed along the inside and out. The cultural trends from Palladio’s Four Books on Architecture is the beautifully constructed buildings that he depicts in his book. The fact that he had designed and built them himself, and they’re still standing and still preserved is astonishing. His book describes how he built something so magnificent and what all materials he used. Treasury of a Well-Turned Verse portrays this collection of poems in erotic words. These poems were very sexual for its time due to the descriptions of a woman’s body and what is wanting to be done to it.  The tone in which it was written was very different for its time as well. Vidyakara was a monk that collected a set of poems that are about the sexual and erotic aspects of love.\n\n                In the era in each work of art, there were a couple of major innovations. One of the Colosseum’s major innovations would be that many arenas in today’s society model the Colosseum’s beautiful structure. These types of arenas are mainly athletic arenas, such as football stadiums and soccer stadiums. Each stadium that models the Colosseum are extremely large. Some even open at the top like the Colosseum, the Dallas Cowboys Stadiums. Another major innovation from the Colossem would be that in today’s society, many homes and buildings model the Roman/Greek appearance. Many homes and buildings have artwork displayed upon the walls and in other parts of the structure.\n\n                A couple of major innovations from the Bayeux Tapestry were that the embroidery had been modeled from the style and design of the embroidery, with different types of material, on furniture, blankets, rugs, and other types of décor. Another innovation from the Bayeux tapestry would be the medieval style that some people use in their homes today. Some almost use the exact models for decorative places for their homes.\n\n                Some innovations from Palladio’s Four Books on Architecture are certain paintings and drawings of architecture that some artists like to sketch or paint today. Palladio’s architecture mainly consisted of structures with columns in the front or entrances of the buildings. With this, another innovation from Palladio’s Four Books on Architecture had come about; the classical American home that would consist of the triangular top with columns in the front entrances. Palladio’s work involved precision and perfection to all parts of his artistry. He studied the liberal arts and found that he was a natural in architecture. His advisors got him accustomed to the liberal arts and ended up appointing him to reconstruct their abodes. They brought him back to Rome to study and measure ancient buildings with them. Alberti’s work was more than just constructing buildings to him; it was a way to create meaning. Palladio’s art was based on symmetry and equilibrium, as for Alberti, his art consisted of geometrical perspectives and ideological designs. Palladio’s artistry is most significant for future generations to know about because it inspires people and expands their views on designs, architecture, and Roman artistry. Future generations need to be influenced by such unmitigated architecture considering it has inspired other and introduced them to different styles and cultures. Thus, having more auspicious architects willing to construct buildings that simulate Palladio’s architectural artistry to embellish today’s society.\n\n                The Treasury of a Well-Turned Verse is a collection of Sanskrit poems. Some innovations made from this collection of poems were that other new erotic poems and new studies on Indian literature had been made. Another innovation from the Treasury of a Well-Turned Verse was new styles and interpretation of reading. There are many artist and poets that had been inspired by this collection poems that some artists would paint or sketch some of the descriptions of the women described in the poems. The Treasury of a Well-Turned Verse, also known as “Subhasitaratnakosa,” is one of the many collected pieces of poetry that consisted of 1739 verses from a Buddhist monk by the name of Vidyakara. During the eleventh century, the anthologies of Sanskrit poetry started to rise. This anthology consisted more on the erotic love rather than the emotional love. The details that are described in this poem are based on physical passion and the female beauty. During the life and time of India in the fourth through eleventh centuries, many accomplishments had come about. There were ruling hereditary chiefs followed a code of chivalry that set them apart from the lower classes. The caste system, which was a system to keep higher and lower social classes divided up properly.\n\n                When people arrive to visit my museum, I envision each piece of art very interesting and envision them not only looking at just the beauty, but having them really get a feel of how these works of art were portrayed in its original era. Every piece of art has its own story and I feel that when people come to interact with the pieces of art I have displayed, they will know the culture and reasons behind their beauty. After all displays have been looked at, each person will get a DVD of their entire tour. I feel that the Colosseum, the Bayeux Tapestry, Palladio’s Four Books on Architecture, and the Treasury of a Well-Turned Verse will inspire all that tour the museum.','Final Project','','inherit','open','open','','1462-autosave','','','2011-05-11 22:04:35','2011-05-12 04:04:35','',1462,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1464',0,'revision','',0),(1465,1,'2011-05-11 22:03:32','2011-05-12 04:03:32','Final Project\r\n\r\n For my room, where all of my works of art will be displayed, I decided that what could be better than looking at works of art in a work of art.  I decided to take different pieces of the Colosseum I decided to take pieces of the different Colosseum such as the column arches paintings and sculptures portrayed on the walls to rebuild a one-third replica of the enormous arena. Even being one third the size of the original Colosseum would be approximately the same size as a large classroom, if not slightly bigger. The replica of the Colosseum will still be preserved since there are still actual pieces of the work of art in the replica. It will be displayed as its own room, where all of the other pieces of art are displayed throughout the inside of the arena.  One of the many beautiful works of art is the Bayeux tapestry. This is tapestry is not a tapestry at all, it is actually an embroidery. This long, strip of linen reached a length of two hundred thirty feet by twenty inches. It illustrates events leading up to the Battle of Hastings and the conquest of the Norman Invasion. It consisted of eight different colors along with many men, dogs, horses, and other symbols and meanings. The Bayeux Tapestry will be hanging on display along the wall of the Colosseum.\r\n\r\n                Another fascinating work of art is Palladio’s Four Books on Architecture.  Andrea Palladio was a skillful architect from the sixteenth century. His main focus was churches, palaces, and villas. One of Palladio’s unique skills was building his structures perfectly symmetrical. Palladio’s Four Books of Architecture will be preserved and displayed on a podium which is a piece of one of Palladio’s famous structures, the Villa Rotonda. I’ve decided to take a small piece of the building so others could see the detail put into the smallest piece from a large work of art.\r\n\r\n                Finally, there is the Treasury of a Well-Turned Verse. This collection of poems are known as Sanskrit poems, which are unique poems that have to do with the sexual and erotic aspects of love. The collector of these fascinating poems is a Buddhist monk by the name of Vidykara. This anthology was typical of its era due to the alliteration, assonance, and lack of rhyme. The alliteration portrayed in the poems had the same consonant sound. For example, the words “scent of the sweat” would be the alliteration used in the poem, Treasury of a Well-Turned Verse. The assonance in the poems would have the same vowel sound. For example, the words “wished to kiss” would be the assonance that is portrayed in the poem.  This type of work was unusual for its time because Indian poetry has more of a sexual and erotic perspective rather than a romantic perspective. Since this work was unusual for its time, this type of poetry was not really seen until the mid 600<sup>th</sup> century. People saw it as a new perspective on love and not the romantic aspect of it. People today find this work very important. It shows that Indian anthologies in the earlier times have demonstrated amazing progress and have influenced many poets and authors to create such successful work. These erotic poems describe the beauty of a woman’s body or facial features and describe the actions that want to be done, such as to kiss her lips. I would like to preserve these erotic poems by putting then in a glass case and projecting them on the walls of the Colosseum. The Colosseum’s artistic trends were its sculptures, paintings, and structure. For something as large and well preserved as the coliseum it is one of the most beautiful pieces of architecture. I feel that is most significant for future generations to know about the Colosseum is how to construct a building that has stayed up for years and has had very few reconstructed areas. The lack of high tech tools they used and still were able to construct such a strong architectural structure is astounding. The Colosseum has become a huge part of artistic history. If future generations knew how to construct a structure that is as strong and well preserved as the prodigious Colosseum, our future generations are going to be on the path of great success with architectural artistry. The cultural trends of its era had many different events that went on in the Colosseum, such as the gladiator fights. The Bayeux Tapestry was the beautiful design of this embroidery. It was so interesting that the conquest of the Norman Invasion and the Battle of Hastings is portrayed on the embroidery. It had eight different colors with hundreds of men, horses, dogs, and many other animals. Palladio’s Four Books on Architecture was so beautiful with its symmetrical and precise structures and the gorgeous sculptures and paintings portrayed along the inside and out. The cultural trends from Palladio’s Four Books on Architecture is the beautifully constructed buildings that he depicts in his book. The fact that he had designed and built them himself, and they’re still standing and still preserved is astonishing. His book describes how he built something so magnificent and what all materials he used. Treasury of a Well-Turned Verse portrays this collection of poems in erotic words. These poems were very sexual for its time due to the descriptions of a woman’s body and what is wanting to be done to it.  The tone in which it was written was very different for its time as well. Vidyakara was a monk that collected a set of poems that are about the sexual and erotic aspects of love.\r\n\r\n                In the era in each work of art, there were a couple of major innovations. One of the Colosseum’s major innovations would be that many arenas in today’s society model the Colosseum’s beautiful structure. These types of arenas are mainly athletic arenas, such as football stadiums and soccer stadiums. Each stadium that models the Colosseum are extremely large. Some even open at the top like the Colosseum, the Dallas Cowboys Stadiums. Another major innovation from the Colossem would be that in today’s society, many homes and buildings model the Roman/Greek appearance. Many homes and buildings have artwork displayed upon the walls and in other parts of the structure.\r\n\r\n                A couple of major innovations from the Bayeux Tapestry were that the embroidery had been modeled from the style and design of the embroidery, with different types of material, on furniture, blankets, rugs, and other types of décor. Another innovation from the Bayeux tapestry would be the medieval style that some people use in their homes today. Some almost use the exact models for decorative places for their homes.\r\n\r\n                Some innovations from Palladio’s Four Books on Architecture are certain paintings and drawings of architecture that some artists like to sketch or paint today. Palladio’s architecture mainly consisted of structures with columns in the front or entrances of the buildings. With this, another innovation from Palladio’s Four Books on Architecture had come about; the classical American home that would consist of the triangular top with columns in the front entrances. Palladio’s work involved precision and perfection to all parts of his artistry. He studied the liberal arts and found that he was a natural in architecture. His advisors got him accustomed to the liberal arts and ended up appointing him to reconstruct their abodes. They brought him back to Rome to study and measure ancient buildings with them. Alberti’s work was more than just constructing buildings to him; it was a way to create meaning. Palladio’s art was based on symmetry and equilibrium, as for Alberti, his art consisted of geometrical perspectives and ideological designs. Palladio’s artistry is most significant for future generations to know about because it inspires people and expands their views on designs, architecture, and Roman artistry. Future generations need to be influenced by such unmitigated architecture considering it has inspired other and introduced them to different styles and cultures. Thus, having more auspicious architects willing to construct buildings that simulate Palladio’s architectural artistry to embellish today’s society.\r\n\r\n                The Treasury of a Well-Turned Verse is a collection of Sanskrit poems. Some innovations made from this collection of poems were that other new erotic poems and new studies on Indian literature had been made. Another innovation from the Treasury of a Well-Turned Verse was new styles and interpretation of reading. There are many artist and poets that had been inspired by this collection poems that some artists would paint or sketch some of the descriptions of the women described in the poems. The Treasury of a Well-Turned Verse, also known as “Subhasitaratnakosa,” is one of the many collected pieces of poetry that consisted of 1739 verses from a Buddhist monk by the name of Vidyakara. During the eleventh century, the anthologies of Sanskrit poetry started to rise. This anthology consisted more on the erotic love rather than the emotional love. The details that are described in this poem are based on physical passion and the female beauty. During the life and time of India in the fourth through eleventh centuries, many accomplishments had come about. There were ruling hereditary chiefs followed a code of chivalry that set them apart from the lower classes. The caste system, which was a system to keep higher and lower social classes divided up properly.\r\n\r\n                When people arrive to visit my museum, I envision each piece of art very interesting and envision them not only looking at just the beauty, but having them really get a feel of how these works of art were portrayed in its original era. Every piece of art has its own story and I feel that when people come to interact with the pieces of art I have displayed, they will know the culture and reasons behind their beauty. After all displays have been looked at, each person will get a DVD of their entire tour. I feel that the Colosseum, the Bayeux Tapestry, Palladio’s Four Books on Architecture, and the Treasury of a Well-Turned Verse will inspire all that tour the museum.','Final Project','','inherit','open','open','','1462-revision-2','','','2011-05-11 22:03:32','2011-05-12 04:03:32','',1462,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1465',0,'revision','',0),(1467,1,'2011-05-11 20:32:51','2011-05-12 02:32:51','<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/devon_sleep.jpg\"><img class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-1418\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/devon_sleep-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /></a>\r\nKris Cooley\r\nFinal\r\nHuma1301-Hybrid\r\n\r\nThe year is 2100 and we are evacuating planet Earth. The damage done to this world is beyond repair and humanity is reaching out to the stars for sanctuary. I have been given the honor and responsibility of creating a room for people to remember the great art of our ancestors. I decided that during this somber time of struggle, the sentiments of faith based art might give some hope to the masses seeking an answer.\r\n\r\nI want to create a place for reflection, faith and give a little spiritual healing to those seeking it. I have chosen masterpieces from several different religions to speak to these questions of how, why and can I believe? I want to let the art speak for its self and let the story of faith light a way for the viewer.\r\n\r\nTo begin with, I have chosen a pagan poem of love. Sappho was a great poet who sang her songs to the heavens in worship. She never wrote her poems down, so it\'s amazing that we have one in full form. The Ode to Aphrodite is a plea to the goddess and tears of the broken hearted. I want to frame this poem in candlelight, place over an altar so used by the pagan religion. There would be continuous incense burning upon the altar with elements of earth that related to the worship of Aphrodite. The lyre would play while this poem is sung in ancient Greek, the language in which it was it was written.\r\n\r\nThis poem really speaks to the people about the beauty that can be created with the spoken word. How faith in something so profound as love can spark a belief in the things that humanity doesn\'t understand. It teaches that a few delicately place words can formulate an image of true divinity.\r\n\r\nAfter this amazing exhibit on pagan faith, the viewer would step in the next planned space. I chose Cave 20 of the Yungang Caves to represent the Buddhist belief. The entrance to this exhibit will be as if the person is walking through a tunnel into a cave. The inscriptions upon the walls will be the same replicated sutras that are engraved on the original cave walls. Though we had to employ a shrink ray to lessen the size of the Buddha sculpture, it will still fill up the room from floor to ceiling. I want society to awe at its original state. Because size is so important, nothing else would be prevalent in the room.This way it will have a similar effect that it had on the people of the past. Upon the floor will lie meditation rugs and the writings of Buddhist tradition would be readily available in any translation.\r\n\r\nFor the second room, the patron of the museum would walk through a cave like tunnel. Upon these walls, the sutras found at the sites of the Yungang Caves, would be engraved. I want to bring Cave 20 with us as the main sculpture of the room. Though Cave 20 is a colossal sculpture of Buddha and a bohsivatta, I would employ the newest technology of a shrink ray to bring it to the height of the room available. I want society to awe in its original state. Because size is so important, nothing else would be prevalent in the room. Upon the floor will lay meditation rugs and the writings of Buddhist tradition would be readily available in any translation.\r\n\r\nThis room would be for the people seeking to be enlighten, it would speak to them on a base level of the Buddhist belief.  Even viewers who aren’t believers could be inspired by the ancient Chinese devotion to detail and artistry. It would show the craftsmanship of the artist during the 5th century of China.\r\n\r\nThe final room is going to represent the Christian faith. Since I don’t want to bring an entire building into a space ship and I think that the real symbolism of the faith within Bramante’s Tempietto is the crucifixion spot honoring the sacrifice given by the apostle Peter, this would be the floor of the room. I would also bring the elegant altar that was made in reverence to Peter also. I would design this as a simple cathedral setting, even installing digital stain windows. Organ hymns would be playing and pews would be set before the altar.\r\n\r\nThe viewer would be able to see ancient religious influences within each of this objet d\'art. Sappho’s poem sharing with us the adoring worship of her goddess. Showing the joy and beauty within praise of divine beings. Cave 20 conveys the immense devotion that can be spent in seeking enlightenment through meditation. The Christianity portion of the museum has various aspects of its religion entwined in its presentation. The crucifixion spot demonstrating and honoring the ultimate sacrifice in the name of faith. St. Augustine’s Confession would lastly establish humanities doubt in faith. As the reader continues, he/she will realize that doubt is a huge part of faith.\r\n\r\nThe idea of this museum is to inspire hope. The ideas of spirituality is a trait of human existence that has impacted humanity in several different ways, but this place is to show the beauty of people’s artistic creation inspired by religion and glorify the spiritual path that our ancestors have traveled. It is to represent the harmony of worship, the endurance of faith and the promise of salvation.','Temple of Faith','','inherit','open','open','','1417-revision-5','','','2011-05-11 20:32:51','2011-05-12 02:32:51','',1417,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1467',0,'revision','',0),(1468,1,'2011-05-11 19:27:03','2011-05-12 01:27:03','<span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman\">It’s the year 2100 and cars have begun to fly using batteries that can last 500 miles without needing recharging, everything is done using an I-PAD 200, and dinners are now in the form of gum. Besides all of the hype of how cool everything is nowadays, there is still one place that allows you to see what things were like back in the day- in 2011. Even though people are used to the easy way of life they still have inquiring minds about history and they come to one place that has preserved the four most amazing pieces of art, literature, documents, and philosophies. The Pastston Historical Center of Conservancy on the outskirts of Austin, Texas in Bastrop County. It’s been here for years and the structure is unique. It is to them what the old Italian architecture is to us-breathtaking. It is huge and in the shape of a ship. The story is, there was an earthquake that was about to shatter the earth and at the time the Senate and the House (two of the most powerful sources of government in 2011) voted on the most important things and loaded them into a space ship to be transported to the moon for safe keeping but the space ship returned and was a museum but no one was in it. Since it was on the property of John Smith Doe, he claimed it and its been handed down for generations.\r\n\r\nThe design is a space ship but very exciting, mysteriously modern to the year 2100 but sheer and sophisticated. Now lets take a tour! We will start by walking into a building that is built by using the newest brick that is eco-friendly but tough enough to face any type of strenuous weather. The outside pathway to the door is be covered ticket booths because you must present tickets for each exhibit. In the inside there is a foyer in the shape of semi circle that has touch screen informational panels about this wonderful landmark and the works it houses from scores of years and centuries ago. Because the lay-out is a horizontal spaceship, the nose of the space ship opposite from the entrance serves as an exhibit.\r\n\r\nIf the design seems a bit too standard its purpose will be over the top by the end of the expedition. In the left wing or the Theatre Room, Sophocles and Oedipus the King is featured and is separated from the rest of the museum with sliding glass doors. Upon the entry of the room lays a long stage that marks every mark of Oedipus the King’s life with human made realistic human size statues from the time he was born till his death with descriptive paraphrases and pieces of his story from start to finish. There is a royal carriage in the middle of the exhibit for taking pictures similar to our picture booths today. On the opposing wall a panel of eight screens project so that you can scroll down the list and read the breakdown of the play, including other parts of the trilogy, a complete biography of Sophocles and commentary by authors and young scholars who have studied the play. Adjacently will be a stairwell that goes upstairs into a movie room that seats two hundred and there will be different showings for the Sophocles trilogy. Then like the Oracle of Delphi who sat on a tripod according to Dora Konsola-author of Ancient Greece, you will have the chance to walk up to an over sized Oracle, back down stairs, ask a question and receive insight to your future. Well, not exactly I wouldn’t want her to tell the guest that they would marry and breed with their kin, but you will be able to walk up and order food from the Oracle of Delphi kitchen at the end of the exhibit. It will offer authentic and irreplaceable Greek food which comes fifteen percent off with your purchase of two or more theatre tickets.\r\n\r\nAcross the way in the right wing lives the philosophy exhibit featuring the 1215 Magna Carta of England also known as the Great Charter. The original copy of the Magna Carta is towards the back of the exhibit in a 24 hour guarded, camera watched, and red beamed locked with 50 required passwords to get into glass case. It was flown in from the Salisbury Cathedral in Britain costing me more than 500 billion dollars to land my hungry American hands on. You can find yourself being greeted by imposters of King John, some scribes a handful of peasants, and some military men. Don’t be alarmed, these will be your exhibit guides and they will all share with you their role in England during 1215. On the wall opposing the entrance you will get to sign the petitions for the rights of the people and take pictures. On the other opposing side are pictures, timelines, and stories from 1215 that were happening during the birth of the Magna Carta and like the Sophocles room, you have the option of typing your commentary into the computer panels. You can walk into the tea room and get complementary tea on the house, another way for us to show royal hospitality and you can design a free t-shirt of a cause you are fighting for.\r\n\r\nThe third exhibit highlights Masaccio’s Trinity with the Virgin and represents significant painting during this time. It’s located at the nose of the space ship design because the painting is transformed into a three dimensional replica that stands twenty five feet tall. Jesus and the cross is symmetrically built to the nose of the space ship. The replica has translucent outlines to highlight the shape of the Trinity upon entrance the exhibit. But wait, we didn’t forget to include a replica of the painting by an art major at the old Austin Community College. There is a lady who walks around with IPAD 200 cards that you can scan with your IPAD to get full coverage and more depth than what we can show you in the exhibit. However, we are still working out kinks with this room but couldn’t go overboard because anything religious during 2100 is controversial.\r\n\r\nNow moving along to the fourth exhibit which is upstairs, we come into the Chaitya Cave. According to Thomas Colman Dibdin and the British Library, the Chaitya caves were prayer and ritual halls. Two rows of columns delineated three aisles. The columns were very finely carved and had octagonal shafts with pot-like bases and fluted capitals, which were surmounted by sculptures of kneeling elephants carrying male and female riders (Dibdin). There will be guides to tell you about this exhibit as well as Asian food counter towards the end of the exhibit on a platform that looks similar to a stupa that Buddhist sat on. There will also be more informational panels with information on why the cave was started, and why people felt comfortable worshiping and praying there.\r\n\r\nNow that I have shared with you the exhibits of my museum, I will share with you why these are trends of their time. The play by Sophocles, Oedipus the King is unique because it contained so much irony and it was created during a mythical time period. The solemn poetry and tone was innovative like other works of its day. The Magna Carta, 1215 exemplified a cultural trend like a lot of times during society. People want to be treated with equality and respect so they will stand together and work together when they feel things are getting out of control. Masaccio’s Trinity with the Virgin creates an artistic trend by the way his art was created, the lines and the technique for creating an amazing dimensional piece of artwork. The caves represented a trend because of the way people were changing their religious outlooks and creating new ways to stand out and differentiate themselves from one another.\r\n\r\nA couple of major innovations that all works represented were that with time comes change. Over the course of history we witness the different things that can cause nations to come together and cause them to fall apart but whichever the chosen, comes a change. Another major innovation is individuality and equality. Each creator of the works wanted to be respected and known for a different effort being brought to the table.\r\n\r\nFuture generations should know that without these works a lot of changes or techniques for doing things would have not been created. With the Magna Carta, the United States Constitutions would not have been inspired and possibly not thought of, without Masaccio’s technique of painting, painting would have been a little more difficult, and without the caves, certain rituals would not exist today. They should care because with each advancement is a new gateway for an even bigger innovation.\r\n\r\nI envision people interacting with the works in a flattered way. I see them appreciating what has been preserved for them and taking it all in without doubts. I know they will enjoy tasting old food and experiencing some of the things for themselves firsthand. After all, we all wonder what it was actually like to be in the world one hundred years ago!\r\n\r\nWorks Cited\r\n\r\nDibdin, Thomas. “Karli. Pillars in Great Chaitya Cave.” Britain: The British Library, 1839. Print.\r\n\r\n</span><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;font-size: small\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman;font-size: small\">Konsola, Dora. \"Delphi.\" <em>Ancient Greece</em>. Web. 16 Feb. 2011. &lt;http://www.ancient- greece.org/history/delphi.html&gt;.\r\n\r\n</span></span><span style=\"font-size: small\">　\r\n\r\n</span>','The Pastston Historical Center of Conservancy','','inherit','open','open','','1408-revision-2','','','2011-05-11 19:27:03','2011-05-12 01:27:03','',1408,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1468',0,'revision','',0),(1469,1,'2011-05-11 17:59:14','2011-05-11 23:59:14','http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezuDiMkmj9s&amp;feature=youtube_gdata_player \r\nThe year is 2100. The Earth is still uninhabitable. The above video shows what happened as a result of the humans trying to defend themselves. We were overtaken for our intelligence and for our water supply.\r\n\r\nNow we live in the Mother ship. We will not be returning to Earth. It along with most other things of the 21st century were disposable. We used it up and then threw it away. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PKC_ORM0vpo&amp;feature=youtube_gdata_player\r\n\r\nThe above video should serve as a reminder of how we are not invincible. We can be beat. We are not the only thing in this world. There are other creatures and being and life forms throughout the universe. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s76Qn7bpCsQ&amp;feature=youtube_gdata_player\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nThe above video shows Hurricane Katrina. That took place on the date of August 29th, 2005. That was a small scale event. That was only the beginning of the end of the earth. Human engineering was faulty, thus the levees broke and washed away all the hopes and dreams of an entire city. Many moved to Texas, Florida, Alabama and Mississippi. It was all irrelevant because we were taken over and will never return. Our greed and selfish nature came back to bite us. We didn’t cure cancer, schools closed, we became a police state. Freedom was an ideal in the minds of the educated. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U5Je1lS88uY&amp;feature=youtube_gdata_player\r\n\r\nThe above video illustrates the revival of a city and its people. A sports team created a rebirth. Hope and joy went on for weeks. Half a century of pain and anguish came to an abrupt halt. We are hostages on this Mother ship. The earth may never become what it was a century ago. The above video should serve as inspiration that good things can happen. If you work hard and keep on track, you can get the result you desire. \r\n\r\nSo you ask , how is this relevant to our goals and what we are doing with the preservation of mankind ?\r\nI want us to reflect on humankind and how we should’ve learned from our need for immediate gratification. The wonderful idea of the electronic age only served to multiply our greed and self loathing. \r\nMy reason for showing the New Orleans Saints is because the New Orleans Superdome will be our archive of preserved items for all mankind to reflect, learn and ponder how they can be better. We are living on the spaceship in the first video and all of the relics I have picked are here on the Mother ship. They arrived here via gps osmosis. The Ziggurat of Ur is housed in the same room as the Sainte Chapelle chapel from Paris. I have brought my historic individuals to act as leaders and tour guides for our future leaders. Hernan Cortes and Guillame Dufay will be a part of my preservation hall housed inside the Superdome. Even though we couldn’t cure cancer, through the magic of science and genetic mutation, we were able to bring Cortes and Dufay back to life. Dufay has an even temper and is relatively mild mannered. Cortes had an alternative brain modulation sequence performed to alter his post formal thought process. This process will allow him to be less violent , and more friendly toward fellow humans.\r\n\r\nInside the Superdome is a fully interactive experience. There are usb ports,flash drive, Ipads, headphones, 3d glasses at the disposal for each person visiting. There is also a disposable version of the experience for those who do not wish to stay.  Since the Superdome was chosen as the house for Ziggurat, Sainte Chapelle, Dufay and Cortes, I also brought along the Blaine Kern Mardi Gras World.\r\nSince I am the curator and designer for this space, I wanted some things that reminded me of where I grew up. New Orleans and Mardi Gras and the Saints were all a huge part of who I became. The New Orleans Saints may not be considered a huge part of human history, but to me personally, they were a huge chuck of my childhood. Below is an example of an event that was held at Mardi Gras world. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VqV-VHOIp_Q&amp;feature=youtube_gdata_player\r\n\r\nCan’t you feel the excitement? Can’t you feel the enthusiasm ? Don’t you want to have a party every day of your life ? I sure do !!! I miss the crawfish etouffee, gumbo, jambalaya, pralines and beignets.  I miss the French Quarter. I miss Jazz Fest. I miss home. I’m sure we all miss home now that we have been brought to the Mother ship. Part of my history and heritage is French in nature. My lineage goes back to 1716 in St-. Pie , France. Being French I had to include the most famous French composer Mr.  Dufay.\r\nNeedless to say , he is not a fan of rap music. The Rose windows of Sainte Chapelle can be brought home and watched by each visitor on the dvd that follows below.\r\n\r\nhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XqJqW8zL9Ew&amp;feature=youtube_gdata_player\r\n\r\nIn case you feel stressed or worried or exhausted by your daily toils here, below is a Dufay selection that is guaranteed to put your mind at ease and relax your heart. It warms the soul and slows your breathing. Dufay offers music lessons to any child of any nationality under the age of 21 free of charge on weekends. He wants all future generations to have a deep appreciation for music. \r\nIn total contrast to the tour lead by Dufay would be the conquistador Cortes who leads us through death, war, pillage and greed. He is the guide for our Ziggurat wing. The music selection accompanying the videos of Ziggurat below were Cortes choice before he had his brain surgery to make him more personable.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSo how do we get a huge Ziggurat and a French chapel in one room you ask. The Superdome has been replicated and sized to accommodate both figures inside. It is a state of the art, cutting edge piece of architecture. It takes up about one-third of the Mother ship, but its worth it as an homage to our life on Earth as we knew it. All of the works inside the replicated Superdome are originals. In pain staking detail and toil, scientists were able to extrapolate them from their original locales. \r\nI chose the Ziggurat of Ur because it has architectural, historical, and societal influence. The building showed that huge throngs of people could come together for long periods of time to accomplish a common goal for the good of the people as a whole. \r\nThe Ziggurat was architecturally significant because it was the very first of its kind and generated at least 32 copies that we know of at this time. \r\nThe Ziggurat was intended to be a ladder to the gods. It was an icon of the Mesopotamian era. It was known as a monument to its kings. The Ziggurat has religious significance because it serves as a reminder of the possibility of a higher power, being, god or divinity figure. It helps us focus on something other than ourselves. \r\nThe Ziggurat of Ur was brought to the Mother ship to serve as a place for people to gather and learn of history. People will now be guided along the Ziggurat steps by Cortes. They will dress in period costume, listen to music of the age, and eat food that was prepared during King Ur-Nammu’s reign. \r\n\r\nThe lancet rose windows of Sainte Chapelle were brought to the Mother ship to serve as a reminder of our French and religious heritage. Gothic architecture has been implemented in every century since the year 1239. The Mother ship has rose windows similar to the ones that had been created for the Sainte Chapelle. Religion plays a part here again with the rose windows because the Sainte Chapelle was meant as a place of worship for the royal family. It is still in use as a place for worship even on the Mother ship. There are baptisms, communion ceremonies, confessionals all still in use on a daily basis. The Sainte Chapelle served as a model for many to come including the Bourg, Chartes, Westminster Abbey and the Notre Dame. I chose the Sainte Chapelle because the stained glass windows evoke such a dramatic visual sense when one first sees their light. I chose not to have Louis IX brought back to life. Instead I have Dufay as our tour guide through the upper and lower facility. We eat croissant, drink wine for breakfast and then go take a nap. Dufay is quite amusing as a host due to his travels and stories through life. The rose windows of Sainte Chapelle exemplify artistic expertise of their time because of the rich hues, dramatic angles and intense workmanship that was involved in its creation. This source of worship took many years and hours of toil to finish. That labor was meant to reflect the seriousness with which the French people of the time believed in their worship. The Sainte Chapelle was a model for so many other buildings that came after it. The effort involved in the glass serves for our future to show that things of beauty can last for many generations. The Rayonnant style that came to be known during this era has forever been in use even to this day. Grisaille technique that was heavily used in the rose window construction can serve as an inspiration for our children.  It is also important to us for religious reasons because it housed the Crown of Thorns.  There are multiple ways people interact with the rose windows at the Sainte Chapelle. They can tour the facility. They can be a part of a mass held inside. They can have replica stained glass installed in their rooms at the Mother ship. They can also have Dufay over for dinner to entertain evening guests and tell stories of his era. \r\n  Mr Dufay , who is our current tour guide and guest for the Sainte Chapelle has been brought to the Mother ship because of his significance. Religion plays a part here again in that Dufay’s piece Missa L’homme arme’ was the most popular tune used for musical settings of the Ordinary Mass. The printing press came along during Dufay’s time. This enabled permanent preservation of his work. During Dufay’s time music was important for gatherings, celebrations and festivals. It is still an important part of our every day life. Dufay’s creations were used for the next three centuries as a basis for many pieces. Dufay still has 200 pieces in existence and use today. You can have him over for dinner and he will be glad to play a one hour concert free. You pick which pieces you want him to play during that hour. \r\n\r\nhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_YzZaLPxsig&amp;feature=youtube_gdata_player\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nHernan Cortes is my guest here on the Mother ship because he represents the transition from the old world to the new world. He is the David vs Goliath, good vs evil.\r\nHe is the tour guide for the Ziggurat of Ur. He also is available for dinner engagements where you can enjoy learning the history of tequila and avocado. Margaritas,stories by Cortes, and painting with avocado seed liquid. How can you beat that for a memorable learning experience for the family ?\r\nI chose to bring Cortes because he overthrew a kingdom. His endeavors were the root of entrepreneurism. He used his own money to voyage to the new world. I could have chosen Del Castillo to join us , but his entertainment value would have been much lower. Cortes is a better story teller and thus keeps kids attention longer. \r\nCortes exemplifies the Spaniards of his era in that there were so many conquistadors. Many journeys were launched in all directions all over the globe. His story just holds more glamorous appeal to the general public. What is significant about Hernan Cortes’ Letters from Mexico is that it is a first- hand documentation of an over throw of an entire population.  He goes into extreme detail to portray images and meaning to the readers of his book. On the Mother ship he teaches children English, Spanish, Art, History and Math as well as being the tour guide for the Ziggurat of Ur. \r\n\r\nI’m sure we will all enjoy the benefits of Dufay,Cortes, the Ziggurat of Ur and the rose windows of Sainte Chapelle. I know we all miss home. Hopefully, by the year 2200 , mankind will have developed a way to regenerate its home it called planet Earth. I know many others in the audience would have chosen different people or places or things. I’m sure they each have significant value in their own right. I chose these 4 for religious, architectural, artistic, musical, historical and sociological reasons. After spending a few days in the Superdome at Mardi Gras world touring the Ziggurat with Mr Cortes or having a mass at the Sainte Chapelle with Dufay we will all be united in the opinion that this was a fabulous choice for preservation.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n   \r\n','MARDI GRAS ON THE MOTHER SHIP','','inherit','open','open','','1372-revision-15','','','2011-05-11 17:59:14','2011-05-11 23:59:14','',1372,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1469',0,'revision','',0),(1471,17,'2011-05-12 14:45:07','2011-05-12 20:45:07','I hate boring old museums that just give you a piece of art or an artifact and an index card with a date.  Instead, I would like to recreate my awesome memories of places like the Austin children’s museum where the educational material is interactive and fun.  I would want to revisit such a place and I hope those aboard the ship would too.<!--more-->\r\n\r\nMy space will be a recreation of the interior of the Pantheon.  It once held many sculptures in its coffers and I think that bringing in the works of Tintoretto, Sun Tzu, and Eisenhard would make it look like a museum.  I don’t want these ancient works presented in a space ship setting because it will make them look modern.  Instead, I want them all housed in a structure which is thousands of years old to bolster their authenticity.  That’s not to say that I don’t want at least some parts of it to be modernized.  The oculus of the Pantheon will be sealed so everything doesn’t get sucked into space because that would be a terrible way to preserve ancient artifacts.  On top of sealing the oculus, I will put a screen over the opening that shows an image of the sky and it will adjust its darkness in accordance with the time of day.  People on the spaceship were never able to see the sky when it was blue.  Before they left earth, if there was a break in the acid rain and they went outside, the smog made everything too grey to be worth looking at.  They will now have an opportunity to see the sky the way it was before we polluted it.  I want the floor of the Pantheon to be a part of the spaceship.  It doesn’t need it to be sloped like in the real Pantheon because there won’t be any rainwater coming in through the oculus.  Instead it will be white and backlit (kind of like an Apple store) so that the coffers high in the ceiling are lit and easier to enjoy.\r\n\r\nThe work of Tintoretto will be mounted on the wall with lights pointed at it.  They will have special light bulbs that don’t bleach the paint and the painting will be mounted behind a layer of protective glass.  I will have a small part of the painting blown up and shown in close detail so that everyone can see just how painstaking the process of painting with small brushstrokes was.  I think I would put in a screen that went to different parts of the painting and zoomed in on the painting to show off the details of the entire work to do this.  I want people to understand how difficult the entire process of painting such a piece used to be.  The painting wasn’t even the entirety of what needed to be created by the artist.  I will have a little station where people can put their hands into rubber gloves (like where people can play with space rocks) so that they can reach in and handle tools an artist would have needed to create the paint colors they were looking for.  For example, there would be a mortar and pestle for grinding up a piece of mineral that was necessary for creating a specific color of paint.  There would be many minerals and clays to choose from so that visitors would be able to mix them and create new colors.  I want to have an example of a paint color Tintoretto used in his depiction of “The Last Supper” and challenge them to recreate it.  I think this would be an excellent way to show off the difficulty and accuracy to create a color just by looking and seeing what it needed to look like.  For the Pantheon, I would cut out a piece of the wall so that people could see just how much empty space was in there to save weight.  I would also have a replica for them to look at and pictures of the outside of the Pantheon because if they walk in and the interior of the room is made to look like the Pantheon, they won’t have an opportunity to see what the outside looks like.  I would include a short video depicting the large columns and their journey from Africa.  This would make them realize how much work went into building the Pantheon and they would hopefully appreciate it more.  There would be a large dolly of clay floating in the pantheon (on antigravity technology) that people can use to try and make bricks as well as a piece of marble they can try to cut with tools implementing the same technology that the Romans had when they cut the various types of rock used in constructing the Pantheon.  Eisenhard’s <em>Life of Charlemagne </em>will be harder to display.  It is a biography so I would include a screen that constantly showed depictions of Charlemagne and his buddy Eisenhard.  Hopefully I will get lucky and find a few of them together.  I would create a list of accomplishments and use a time travelling robot with a video camera to capture some of Charlemagne’s greatest moments.  Because this invention is new even to the spaceship I’m sure it will create the buzz that my museum needs.  It wouldn’t play the footage until the end of whatever slideshow of pictures I decide to play so hopefully people will stick around for the whole thing in hopes of seeing the film.  I also want it to be a bit humorous.  People wouldn’t expect a film of this genre to be entertaining but I will prove them wrong by showing scenes of his crazy daughters getting into trouble and maybe a couple of candid moments caught by my time travelling film robot.  It would show him at his best, the ruler of a large kingdom, but it would also show that he was only human.  I will have the book left open on a pedestal so the passersby can see it and appreciate its age.  My last piece is <em>The Art of War</em> by Sun Tzu.  One of the original copies of this work was found in a tomb and is written on bamboo.  I will bring this copy along and mount it on the wall.  There will be a bunch of quotes from the book on the wall so that people can quickly learn see his brilliance.  There will also be a short but very informative film of Sun Tzu and his men battling because I will send my time travelling robot with a video camera.  There will be a few video games set up in this area of the pantheon so that people can implement Sun Tzu’s teachings and realize how effective they are.  Also, there will be different levels from different time periods that will show how some of his teachings are universal and still apply today.\r\n\r\nThe work of Tintoretto is a good example of art from that time period because it depicts jesus and was commissioned by a church.  The Pantheon is a building created by the Roman government for worshipping the gods.  This was very common in that time and place.  Sun Tzu’s <em>The Art of War</em> was written during the Warring states period.  With all of that fighting going on, it’s little wonder that a book about warfare was written.  With all of that fighting, new ideas could be tested and it could be decided whether they were right or wrong.  Life of Charlemagne is not typical of its era because it is a biography and these were never written at the time.  However, its content is entirely about that time period so it depicts life at the time and thus is a very accurate representation of the time period.\r\n\r\nThe Pantheon is unique because of its size and the use of coffers and hollow space in the walls to reduce weight.  Also, most buildings at the time didn’t have an oculus or such impressive pillars in front.  It was created with the intention of impressing visitors and instilling nationalism in the Roman citizens.  This explains, the architectural pieces are so large and impressive.  Buildings and monuments have been created throughout history with the intent of showing off.  The people on the ship will be familiar with this and get to compare impressive buildings from the past with those from the present.  I think that the combination of concepts with which they are already familiar, and those which they didn’t know about, like weight reduction in domes, will make for an enjoyable exhibit.\r\n\r\nEisenhard’s Life of Charlemagne is significant because biographies were never written at the time.  It was the first in hundreds of years to be produced and I am not aware of any others from the time period.  It provides a detailed look into the life of someone who was powerful successful and very famous.  The account of his life is biased but innovatice for its time.  It also brings up aspects of Charlemagne’s rule which are significant.  For example, his funding of public education and literature is something that people on the ship will probably appreciate.  His ideas were modern and will hopefully be just as well received in 2100 as they are today.\r\n\r\nTintoretto’s Last Supper is innovative because it shows the transition into impressionism.  Tintoretto learned to paint at a school in Venice which was progressive for its time.  They had just begun to create works from tiny brush strokes so the art looked like smears of paint from up close but when viewed from further away, clearly made a picture.  At the time, art was created with brushstrokes.\r\n\r\n<em>The Art of War</em> by Sun Tzu was revolutionary because a wealth of knowledge as vast as Sun Tzu’s had never been recorded.  His work isn’t just full of information, it is well organized and he clearly knew what he was doing when he wrote his famous book.  He seemed to have a keen understanding of every factor that can influence the outcome of a war and he explained them all clearly.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nPeople will interact with the exhibit a lot.  I’ve included a lot of activities that will allow them to get involved with the exhibit while they’re learning about it.  The activities will also make them appreciate the artifacts more as they try to recreate some of the things that ancient people did regularly and they understand how much time and effort is embodied by these artifacts.','Final Project','','publish','open','open','','final-project-4','','','2011-05-12 15:22:00','2011-05-12 21:22:00','',0,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1471',0,'post','',7),(1472,17,'2011-05-12 14:44:47','2011-05-12 20:44:47','I hate boring old museums that just give you a piece of art or an artifact and an index card with a date.  Instead, I would like to recreate my awesome memories of places like the Austin children’s museum where the educational material is interactive and fun.  I would want to revisit such a place and I hope those aboard the ship would too.\n\nMy space will be a recreation of the interior of the Pantheon.  It once held many sculptures in its coffers and I think that bringing in the works of Tintoretto, Sun Tzu, and Eisenhard would make it look like a museum.  I don’t want these ancient works presented in a space ship setting because it will make them look modern.  Instead, I want them all housed in a structure which is thousands of years old to bolster their authenticity.  That’s not to say that I don’t want at least some parts of it to be modernized.  The oculus of the Pantheon will be sealed so everything doesn’t get sucked into space because that would be a terrible way to preserve ancient artifacts.  On top of sealing the oculus, I will put a screen over the opening that shows an image of the sky and it will adjust its darkness in accordance with the time of day.  People on the spaceship were never able to see the sky when it was blue.  Before they left earth, if there was a break in the acid rain and they went outside, the smog made everything too grey to be worth looking at.  They will now have an opportunity to see the sky the way it was before we polluted it.  I want the floor of the Pantheon to be a part of the spaceship.  It doesn’t need it to be sloped like in the real Pantheon because there won’t be any rainwater coming in through the oculus.  Instead it will be white and backlit (kind of like an Apple store) so that the coffers high in the ceiling are lit and easier to enjoy.<!--more-->\n\nThe work of Tintoretto will be mounted on the wall with lights pointed at it.  They will have special light bulbs that don’t bleach the paint and the painting will be mounted behind a layer of protective glass.  I will have a small part of the painting blown up and shown in close detail so that everyone can see just how painstaking the process of painting with small brushstrokes was.  I think I would put in a screen that went to different parts of the painting and zoomed in on the painting to show off the details of the entire work to do this.  I want people to understand how difficult the entire process of painting such a piece used to be.  The painting wasn’t even the entirety of what needed to be created by the artist.  I will have a little station where people can put their hands into rubber gloves (like where people can play with space rocks) so that they can reach in and handle tools an artist would have needed to create the paint colors they were looking for.  For example, there would be a mortar and pestle for grinding up a piece of mineral that was necessary for creating a specific color of paint.  There would be many minerals and clays to choose from so that visitors would be able to mix them and create new colors.  I want to have an example of a paint color Tintoretto used in his depiction of “The Last Supper” and challenge them to recreate it.  I think this would be an excellent way to show off the difficulty and accuracy to create a color just by looking and seeing what it needed to look like.  For the Pantheon, I would cut out a piece of the wall so that people could see just how much empty space was in there to save weight.  I would also have a replica for them to look at and pictures of the outside of the Pantheon because if they walk in and the interior of the room is made to look like the Pantheon, they won’t have an opportunity to see what the outside looks like.  I would include a short video depicting the large columns and their journey from Africa.  This would make them realize how much work went into building the Pantheon and they would hopefully appreciate it more.  There would be a large dolly of clay floating in the pantheon (on antigravity technology) that people can use to try and make bricks as well as a piece of marble they can try to cut with tools implementing the same technology that the Romans had when they cut the various types of rock used in constructing the Pantheon.  Eisenhard’s <em>Life of Charlemagne </em>will be harder to display.  It is a biography so I would include a screen that constantly showed depictions of Charlemagne and his buddy Eisenhard.  Hopefully I will get lucky and find a few of them together.  I would create a list of accomplishments and use a time travelling robot with a video camera to capture some of Charlemagne’s greatest moments.  Because this invention is new even to the spaceship I’m sure it will create the buzz that my museum needs.  It wouldn’t play the footage until the end of whatever slideshow of pictures I decide to play so hopefully people will stick around for the whole thing in hopes of seeing the film.  I also want it to be a bit humorous.  People wouldn’t expect a film of this genre to be entertaining but I will prove them wrong by showing scenes of his crazy daughters getting into trouble and maybe a couple of candid moments caught by my time travelling film robot.  It would show him at his best, the ruler of a large kingdom, but it would also show that he was only human.  I will have the book left open on a pedestal so the passersby can see it and appreciate its age.  My last piece is <em>The Art of War</em> by Sun Tzu.  One of the original copies of this work was found in a tomb and is written on bamboo.  I will bring this copy along and mount it on the wall.  There will be a bunch of quotes from the book on the wall so that people can quickly learn see his brilliance.  There will also be a short but very informative film of Sun Tzu and his men battling because I will send my time travelling robot with a video camera.  There will be a few video games set up in this area of the pantheon so that people can implement Sun Tzu’s teachings and realize how effective they are.  Also, there will be different levels from different time periods that will show how some of his teachings are universal and still apply today.\n\nThe work of Tintoretto is a good example of art from that time period because it depicts jesus and was commissioned by a church.  The Pantheon is a building created by the Roman government for worshipping the gods.  This was very common in that time and place.  Sun Tzu’s <em>The Art of War</em> was written during the Warring states period.  With all of that fighting going on, it’s little wonder that a book about warfare was written.  With all of that fighting, new ideas could be tested and it could be decided whether they were right or wrong.  Life of Charlemagne is not typical of its era because it is a biography and these were never written at the time.  However, its content is entirely about that time period so it depicts life at the time and thus is a very accurate representation of the time period.\n\nThe Pantheon is unique because of its size and the use of coffers and hollow space in the walls to reduce weight.  Also, most buildings at the time didn’t have an oculus or such impressive pillars in front.  It was created with the intention of impressing visitors and instilling nationalism in the Roman citizens.  This explains, the architectural pieces are so large and impressive.  Buildings and monuments have been created throughout history with the intent of showing off.  The people on the ship will be familiar with this and get to compare impressive buildings from the past with those from the present.  I think that the combination of concepts with which they are already familiar, and those which they didn’t know about, like weight reduction in domes, will make for an enjoyable exhibit.\n\nEisenhard’s Life of Charlemagne is significant because biographies were never written at the time.  It was the first in hundreds of years to be produced and I am not aware of any others from the time period.  It provides a detailed look into the life of someone who was powerful successful and very famous.  The account of his life is biased but innovatice for its time.  It also brings up aspects of Charlemagne’s rule which are significant.  For example, his funding of public education and literature is something that people on the ship will probably appreciate.  His ideas were modern and will hopefully be just as well received in 2100 as they are today.\n\nTintoretto’s Last Supper is innovative because it shows the transition into impressionism.  Tintoretto learned to paint at a school in Venice which was progressive for its time.  They had just begun to create works from tiny brush strokes so the art looked like smears of paint from up close but when viewed from further away, clearly made a picture.  At the time, art was created with brushstrokes.\n\n<em>The Art of War</em> by Sun Tzu was revolutionary because a wealth of knowledge as vast as Sun Tzu’s had never been recorded.  His work isn’t just full of information, it is well organized and he clearly knew what he was doing when he wrote his famous book.  He seemed to have a keen understanding of every factor that can influence the outcome of a war and he explained them all clearly.\n\n&nbsp;\n\nPeople will interact with the exhibit a lot.  I’ve included a lot of activities that will allow them to get involved with the exhibit while they’re learning about it.  The activities will also make them appreciate the artifacts more as they try to recreate some of the things that ancient people did regularly and they understand how much time and effort is embodied by these artifacts.','Final Project','','inherit','open','open','','1471-revision','','','2011-05-12 14:44:47','2011-05-12 20:44:47','',1471,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1472',0,'revision','',0),(1473,1,'2011-05-12 14:45:07','2011-05-12 20:45:07','I hate boring old museums that just give you a piece of art or an artifact and an index card with a date.  Instead, I would like to recreate my awesome memories of places like the Austin children’s museum where the educational material is interactive and fun.  I would want to revisit such a place and I hope those aboard the ship would too.<!--more-->\r\n\r\nMy space will be a recreation of the interior of the Pantheon.  It once held many sculptures in its coffers and I think that bringing in the works of Tintoretto, Sun Tzu, and Eisenhard would make it look like a museum.  I don’t want these ancient works presented in a space ship setting because it will make them look modern.  Instead, I want them all housed in a structure which is thousands of years old to bolster their authenticity.  That’s not to say that I don’t want at least some parts of it to be modernized.  The oculus of the Pantheon will be sealed so everything doesn’t get sucked into space because that would be a terrible way to preserve ancient artifacts.  On top of sealing the oculus, I will put a screen over the opening that shows an image of the sky and it will adjust its darkness in accordance with the time of day.  People on the spaceship were never able to see the sky when it was blue.  Before they left earth, if there was a break in the acid rain and they went outside, the smog made everything too grey to be worth looking at.  They will now have an opportunity to see the sky the way it was before we polluted it.  I want the floor of the Pantheon to be a part of the spaceship.  It doesn’t need it to be sloped like in the real Pantheon because there won’t be any rainwater coming in through the oculus.  Instead it will be white and backlit (kind of like an Apple store) so that the coffers high in the ceiling are lit and easier to enjoy.\r\n\r\nThe work of Tintoretto will be mounted on the wall with lights pointed at it.  They will have special light bulbs that don’t bleach the paint and the painting will be mounted behind a layer of protective glass.  I will have a small part of the painting blown up and shown in close detail so that everyone can see just how painstaking the process of painting with small brushstrokes was.  I think I would put in a screen that went to different parts of the painting and zoomed in on the painting to show off the details of the entire work to do this.  I want people to understand how difficult the entire process of painting such a piece used to be.  The painting wasn’t even the entirety of what needed to be created by the artist.  I will have a little station where people can put their hands into rubber gloves (like where people can play with space rocks) so that they can reach in and handle tools an artist would have needed to create the paint colors they were looking for.  For example, there would be a mortar and pestle for grinding up a piece of mineral that was necessary for creating a specific color of paint.  There would be many minerals and clays to choose from so that visitors would be able to mix them and create new colors.  I want to have an example of a paint color Tintoretto used in his depiction of “The Last Supper” and challenge them to recreate it.  I think this would be an excellent way to show off the difficulty and accuracy to create a color just by looking and seeing what it needed to look like.  For the Pantheon, I would cut out a piece of the wall so that people could see just how much empty space was in there to save weight.  I would also have a replica for them to look at and pictures of the outside of the Pantheon because if they walk in and the interior of the room is made to look like the Pantheon, they won’t have an opportunity to see what the outside looks like.  I would include a short video depicting the large columns and their journey from Africa.  This would make them realize how much work went into building the Pantheon and they would hopefully appreciate it more.  There would be a large dolly of clay floating in the pantheon (on antigravity technology) that people can use to try and make bricks as well as a piece of marble they can try to cut with tools implementing the same technology that the Romans had when they cut the various types of rock used in constructing the Pantheon.  Eisenhard’s <em>Life of Charlemagne </em>will be harder to display.  It is a biography so I would include a screen that constantly showed depictions of Charlemagne and his buddy Eisenhard.  Hopefully I will get lucky and find a few of them together.  I would create a list of accomplishments and use a time travelling robot with a video camera to capture some of Charlemagne’s greatest moments.  Because this invention is new even to the spaceship I’m sure it will create the buzz that my museum needs.  It wouldn’t play the footage until the end of whatever slideshow of pictures I decide to play so hopefully people will stick around for the whole thing in hopes of seeing the film.  I also want it to be a bit humorous.  People wouldn’t expect a film of this genre to be entertaining but I will prove them wrong by showing scenes of his crazy daughters getting into trouble and maybe a couple of candid moments caught by my time travelling film robot.  It would show him at his best, the ruler of a large kingdom, but it would also show that he was only human.  I will have the book left open on a pedestal so the passersby can see it and appreciate its age.  My last piece is <em>The Art of War</em> by Sun Tzu.  One of the original copies of this work was found in a tomb and is written on bamboo.  I will bring this copy along and mount it on the wall.  There will be a bunch of quotes from the book on the wall so that people can quickly learn see his brilliance.  There will also be a short but very informative film of Sun Tzu and his men battling because I will send my time travelling robot with a video camera.  There will be a few video games set up in this area of the pantheon so that people can implement Sun Tzu’s teachings and realize how effective they are.  Also, there will be different levels from different time periods that will show how some of his teachings are universal and still apply today.\r\n\r\nThe work of Tintoretto is a good example of art from that time period because it depicts jesus and was commissioned by a church.  The Pantheon is a building created by the Roman government for worshipping the gods.  This was very common in that time and place.  Sun Tzu’s <em>The Art of War</em> was written during the Warring states period.  With all of that fighting going on, it’s little wonder that a book about warfare was written.  With all of that fighting, new ideas could be tested and it could be decided whether they were right or wrong.  Life of Charlemagne is not typical of its era because it is a biography and these were never written at the time.  However, its content is entirely about that time period so it depicts life at the time and thus is a very accurate representation of the time period.\r\n\r\nThe Pantheon is unique because of its size and the use of coffers and hollow space in the walls to reduce weight.  Also, most buildings at the time didn’t have an oculus or such impressive pillars in front.  It was created with the intention of impressing visitors and instilling nationalism in the Roman citizens.  This explains, the architectural pieces are so large and impressive.  Buildings and monuments have been created throughout history with the intent of showing off.  The people on the ship will be familiar with this and get to compare impressive buildings from the past with those from the present.  I think that the combination of concepts with which they are already familiar, and those which they didn’t know about, like weight reduction in domes, will make for an enjoyable exhibit.\r\n\r\nEisenhard’s Life of Charlemagne is significant because biographies were never written at the time.  It was the first in hundreds of years to be produced and I am not aware of any others from the time period.  It provides a detailed look into the life of someone who was powerful successful and very famous.  The account of his life is biased but innovatice for its time.  It also brings up aspects of Charlemagne’s rule which are significant.  For example, his funding of public education and literature is something that people on the ship will probably appreciate.  His ideas were modern and will hopefully be just as well received in 2100 as they are today.\r\n\r\nTintoretto’s Last Supper is innovative because it shows the transition into impressionism.  Tintoretto learned to paint at a school in Venice which was progressive for its time.  They had just begun to create works from tiny brush strokes so the art looked like smears of paint from up close but when viewed from further away, clearly made a picture.  At the time, art was created with brushstrokes.\r\n\r\n<em>The Art of War</em> by Sun Tzu was revolutionary because a wealth of knowledge as vast as Sun Tzu’s had never been recorded.  His work isn’t just full of information, it is well organized and he clearly knew what he was doing when he wrote his famous book.  He seemed to have a keen understanding of every factor that can influence the outcome of a war and he explained them all clearly.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nPeople will interact with the exhibit a lot.  I’ve included a lot of activities that will allow them to get involved with the exhibit while they’re learning about it.  The activities will also make them appreciate the artifacts more as they try to recreate some of the things that ancient people did regularly and they understand how much time and effort is embodied by these artifacts.','Final Project','','inherit','open','open','','1471-revision-2','','','2011-05-12 14:45:07','2011-05-12 20:45:07','',1471,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1473',0,'revision','',0),(1474,4,'2011-05-13 00:19:53','2011-05-13 06:19:53','Due to the severe climate changes, we can no longer stay on Earth. They\'ve chosen a select group of people to preserve the brilliant works of our old home. Aboard our immense ship, I\'ve designed a museum to carry the four pieces: De rerum Natura by Lucretius, The Last Supper by Leonardo Da Vinci, Everyman: a morality play, and the Great Wall of China. It will be in form of a hallway; a wide hallway with a high ceiling; a walk-through display with each piece given its own closed area separated by short entrance ways to surprise those unaware of the magnificent contents.\n\n<!--more-->\n\n<img class=\"alignnone\" src=\"http://www.lib.cam.ac.uk/exhibitions/Montaigne/pics/front_notes.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"430\" height=\"304\" />\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>a copy dating back to 1563</em></p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em> </em> http://www.lib.cam.ac.uk/exhibitions/Montaigne/m4_1.html?keepThis=true&amp;TB_iframe=true&amp;height=460&amp;width=600</p>\nThe first piece De rerum Natura \"On the Nature of Things\" is an unfinished six-book scientific epic poem by a 1<sup>st</sup> century Italian man, Titus Lucretius Carus - a man widely considered ahead of his time. Firstly, it is unique stylistically because it is the earliest dactylic hexameter of its kind. This philosophic masterpiece eloquently displays Epicurean studies and offers us a better look in it, since little was preserved of Epicurus\' work – only that of his disciples. He introduces us to the theory of atomism, a truly grand feat given the time it was written. During Lucretius’ lifetime, Italy was experiencing a difficult time; It saw revolts, massacres, civil wars and assassination of authority figures. Lucretius, in such a heavy setting, it is no wonder he was so captivated by the Epicurean philosophy. The overall message of Epicureans being: It \"spoke of a world which was not managed by an unseen power, of a life in which a man\'s actions were free from divine scrutiny, a life in which, within the bounds of society, a man might shape events according to his own will, securing himself against discomfort, acknowledging his natural instincts, relieved from the nagging fear of an unknown beyond the grave by the certainty of death as a final end.\" (Hanrott) He is the first of all to be a poet of Epicurean philosophy and was wise enough to write his brilliance into Latin so that more people could read and share his work. In this, he also more easily rendered abstract concepts; Lucretius considered it much like a doctor who spreads honey along the edges of a cup so a child will more readily consume it. Stoicism and Epicurean philosophies were both dominant schools of the time. They taught self-sufficiency and freedom from worldly negativities; Stoics expressed this through indifference in order to achieve clear sense of self-control. On the contrary, Epicureans simply shut out the existence of fate completely. In a time where Romans were “stimulated to seek solutions to the disparity between ideal concepts of government and the reality of corruption, violence and injustice,” and an interest in Epicureanism was high, Lucretius’ poetry exemplifies cultural trends of the age. (Lucretius) Hundreds of years later, as it was uncovered during the Renaissance - through admiration, influence and rewriting of his works - Epicureanism lived on. It will rest in this museum today, so it will continue to forever influence the cosmological and evolutionary speculations of philosophers, historians, scientists, and others alike. Upon reading, you can forget it was written literally thousands of years ago, with advanced thought in sociology, evolutionary theory, the infinite universe and the cosmos. Titus Lucretius Carus, a man we know very little about, can \"speak from his grave\" with his poem. We are able to dive into the mind of a man who deeply admired Epicurus with an eye for nature and an endless thirst for the universal knowledge and truth. Future generations should have this for many years to come, as they too, can live a life with the absence of fear, develop keen observation for the world around us, search for the facts of the physical world and think critically when subject of atoms, space, death, life, gods, and/or pseudo-science comes up. A work that was once taboo to the Christian church, attached with false stories to discredit its content, is quite a gem to have preserved today. Aside from its historical value, De rerum natura is valuable to those who are presented with it because it can calm the concerns of a \"doomsday,\" give us a greater appreciation for Epicurus, and return to us the joy that keeps us from maintaining a delightful life, even within harsh political turmoil and violence as Lucretius once did - even as we travel deep into space to our new home. To preserve the piece itself, I would include a copy manuscript, dating back to approximately 1490, under a centered, squared glass case - for safety and to avoid deterioration. One of first English translations, done by Lucy Hutchinson in the 1650s, would have interchanging quotes from his six-book series slowly flashing vertically along transparent screens disguised as plain, white museum walls. Although not quite the original mark of Lucretius within the case and its inability to capture his message in its entirety; the people aboard the ship get to see an early copy of the work, while also being able to revel in the ideas of Lucretius as they illuminate the walls surrounding them.\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http://www.kashda.com/everyman/html/em_play.html\"><img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http://www.kashda.com/everyman/html/play_1_cover.JPG\" alt=\"\" width=\"315\" height=\"527\" /></a>http://www.kashda.com/everyman/html/em_play.html</p>\nAs for the morality play Everyman, there are only four known remaining early writings it: two-thirds a manuscript held in the British Museum, another section in the Bodleian Library; two manuscripts: one held in a personal library and another in Salisbury Cathedral, and the last of the bunch, in the Britwell library. Amongst them, the previous two are the oldest, brought upon by a man who unearthed them around 1490. (Moses) Somewhat following the design of the \"Lucretius - On the Nature of Things\" walk-through, the valuable aging fragments would be placed within a glass case while a list of characters is shone through the furthest wall. Also, all along the walls are headphones with the choice of two buttons, for people to listen to English translations with dramatic voices if they choose, or more simply, to the history of medieval theatre - to cherish what is being preserved beneath the glass. Weekly, the play itself is performed in the outer area. In recent times, with a growing secular audience, we generally do not spend our days aching to learn of a Divine figure watching upon us who may damn us to hell at our misconduct. Although, we have become a world consumed with our earthly comforts, wound up on all we can possess. Death is unavoidable and when we reach the time to face it, like Everyman did in the 1400s, we are reminded the only thing accompanying our eternal good-bye is the good things we have done to reminisce upon. In Medieval Europe, most people who populated it, were illiterate and were unable to read the bible or other religious texts. They could only participate in the oral sermons that were given. This play, an alternative way to speak the words of Old and New Testaments, was quite special during the time because the words of Christ would be more easily spread. In Everyman, we follow a character that represents all of mankind – a man who has abused his mortal freedom, but repents his sins so he can be saved. The greatest challenge a man faces are the World, the Flesh, and the Devil. It is strongly emphasized “sin is inevitable,” yet still, “repentance is always possible” (Potter) He meets a sea of personified characters that test his Earthly conduct. God summons Death to have Everyman take pilgrimage with him, only allowing him to take those who will contribute to his soul in the afterlife. Through the rejection of the personified wordly characters such as Beauty, Material Goods and Strength, we discover the morals Everyman was written to teach: that man mustn’t become obsessed with possessions and objects of wealth. Rather, to live a life against self-satisfaction and fulfill a life of virtue, conscious of Jesus’ sacrifice for us. Work of the fifteenth century focused on men being summoned to death and religious faith revived much of the dramatic art form, so Everyman truly exemplifies that of its time. In the museum, historians and people of all walks of life can find Everyman to be an intriguing source of discovering and learning the moral code that existed during the Middle Ages. For the audience to truly appreciate this piece, one must remember it flourished in a time where dramas were largely theological and created mainly to reform its viewers. These stories were told with medieval faith being strong and everything of the Earth believed to have a great moral underlining. This everlasting play\'s place in the museum will be a wonderful way to learn valuable life lessons through a medieval mind’s standpoint and discover what we want of this life.\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http://www.greatwallchina.info/\"><img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http://www.greatwallchina.info/img/big/TheGreatWall1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"355\" height=\"267\" /></a></p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>Ming portion of the Great Wall</em></p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em> </em>http://www.greatwallchina.info/</p>\nThe third piece in the museum is an engineering masterpiece; it is truly special as it stretches like a winding dragon through all sorts of land and terrain over northern China - The Great Wall. Although walls themselves are quite common throughout history as a barrier for intruders, walls have been embedded in Chinese history far greater than in any other culture. Innovative, in that, sizes of that proportion had been unseen in previous wall-building. Even the concept Emperor Qin set of a wall covering an entire country was innovative, since this love for wall-building only extended as far as around homes or farms. It is essential for the museum because it represents an architecturally advanced civilization, which involved over three million in its history’s making. It brings a sense of pride to Chinese people because of its great historical value and stunning size. Also, each segment, along with its watchtowers, shows different technique of building - a tangible timeline of Ancient China and something truly unique to preserve for future generations to see. The thousands of miles of stone, brick, twigs, earth and rocks would be impossible to place neatly amongst the other museum’s pieces so, onto the next room will be a \"mini\" great wall of china - a walk-through area that is created by various chunks of the wall as built by different dynasties. At first, you walk through the earliest sections of the Great Wall as built by the Qin and Zhou dynasties, mostly built from local materials rammed between boards; then onto the Han portion where they\'ll be walking through what was once constructed with a water-fine gravel mixture made sturdy with willow reeds; then onto the most recent segments of the wall, as contributed by the Ming dynasty, which consist of colossal stone and brick. Throughout all this, information, as with the previous preserved works, will illuminate on the walls so people aboard can get a full feel and understanding of the effort and lives that were put into such a small piece of what they\'re standing upon, and gain insight on the stories behind such different building techniques and the fear that brought upon its construction.\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http://www.autographmurals.com/lastsupper-413fttallx812ftwide-peelandstickreusablemural.aspx\"><img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http://www.autographmurals.com/images/products/detail/Last_Supper_fl_ch_Large.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"480\" height=\"246\" /></a></p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">http://www.autographmurals.com/lastsupper-413fttallx812ftwide-peelandstickreusablemural.aspx</p>\nThe second of the originals displayed within the museum include Leonardo Da Vinci\'s Last Supper. It will come last after the flashing walls and Great Wall walkthrough since, in order to preserve the grandeur feeling it possesses, standing tall at the end of the refectory at Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, it will be at the end of the spaceship\'s museum hall. This painting, with its impeccable use of the one-point perspective to draw the viewers to Christ’s face, perfect distribution of people along each side of the table to converge at a center and relatable expressions of the disciples make it stand out as a remarkable painting. Unfortunately for us, Da Vinci painted tempera on dry plaster, which hasn’t stood the test of time too well and has endured many major restorations. The Saint Maria Delle Grazie has it in a climate-controlled environment and pays special precaution to its preservation, so within the spaceship museum, it will be under similar conditions. This piece is often referred to as the marker of an era in art history, known as the High Renaissance, as he is one of the major representatives. It is a time characterized by maturation and a peak in Renaissance art. This included the works of the fellow incredible artists: Titan, Raphael and Michelangelo. Artwork within this time period showed us perfect balance in harmony, knowledge of classical art and displayed flawless expertise and skill. When it was uncovered to the people, it must have caused quite a stir with its realistic feel as if you are involved amongst the table of Christ and his disciples. Still, even if we’ve seen all that has come before and after such an amazing and deteriorating piece, it should be preserved because it is necessary to be kept in its original glory. The fact it has been mass produced for generations after its creation gives people an opportunity to engage in the imagery’s history. More importantly, it represents an age where we no longer needed to display holy images as some abstract or intangible form. With the heavy weight of Humanism, Leonardo was able to give more credit to the human mind. Even if the exact image he painted was subject to decision of the man who commissioned Leonardo, it represents a time period of insanely gifted individuals who deserve to have their work preserved for future generations to see time and time again.\n\nOverall, I hope my museum succeeds at broadening its viewer’s knowledge of its various contents. Whether its Ancient China’s emperors, roots of atheism, the medieval church ideology or even how not to paint when you’re planning on having your work withstand for centuries to come. Even though there are many works lost in time either from natural disasters, completely changed through oral tradition or simply written down and never distributed, we are lucky to have these four pieces: ones that exemplify those of its time and deserve to be preserved on our space ship and onto our new home.\n\n&nbsp;\n\nWorks Cited\n\nHanrott, Robert. \"Epicureanism after Epicurus.\" <em>Hanrott &amp; Horsley</em>. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 May 2011. &lt;http://www.hanrott.com/epicureanism/epicureanhistory.php&gt;.\n\n“Lucretius.” Ancient Greece and Rome: An Encyclopedia for Students. Ed. Carroll Moulton. Vol. 3. New York: Charles Scribner\'s Sons, 1998. 18-19. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 15 Feb. 2011.\n\nMoses, Montrose. \"Introduction: The Predecessors of Everyman.\" <em>Everyman: A Morality Play</em>. New York: J. F. Taylor &amp; Company, 1903. 1-54. Print.\n\nPotter, Robert. <em>The English Morality Play.</em> London: Routlede &amp; Kegan Paul, 1975. 16. Print.\n\n&nbsp;','Final Project','','inherit','open','open','','1334-autosave','','','2011-05-13 00:19:53','2011-05-13 06:19:53','',1334,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1474',0,'revision','',0),(1475,4,'2011-05-11 15:32:11','2011-05-11 21:32:11','Due to the severe climate changes, we can no longer stay on Earth. They\'ve chosen a select group of people to preserve the brilliant works of our old home. Aboard our immense ship, I\'ve designed a museum to carry the four pieces: De rerum Natura by Lucretius, The Last Supper by Leonardo Da Vinci, Everyman: a morality play, and the Great Wall of China. It will be in form of a hallway; a wide hallway with a high ceiling; a walk-through display with each piece given its own closed area separated by short entrance ways to surprise those unaware of the magnificent contents.\r\n\r\n<!--more-->\r\n\r\nThe first piece De rerum Natura \"On the Nature of Things\" is an unfinished six-book scientific epic poem by a 1<sup>st</sup> century Italian man, Titus Lucretius Carus - a man widely considered ahead of his time. Firstly, it is unique stylistically because it is the earliest dactylic hexameter of its kind. This philosophic masterpiece eloquently displays Epicurean studies and offers us a better look in it, since little was preserved of Epicurus\' work – only that of his disciples. He introduces us to the theory of atomism, a truly grand feat given the time it was written. During Lucretius’ lifetime, Italy was experiencing a difficult time; It saw revolts, massacres, civil wars and assassination of authority figures. Lucretius, in such a heavy setting, it is no wonder he was so captivated by the Epicurean philosophy. The overall message of Epicureans being: It \"spoke of a world which was not managed by an unseen power, of a life in which a man\'s actions were free from divine scrutiny, a life in which, within the bounds of society, a man might shape events according to his own will, securing himself against discomfort, acknowledging his natural instincts, relieved from the nagging fear of an unknown beyond the grave by the certainty of death as a final end.\" (Hanrott) He is the first of all to be a poet of Epicurean philosophy and was wise enough to write his brilliance into Latin so that more people could read and share his work. In this, he also more easily rendered abstract concepts; Lucretius considered it much like a doctor who spreads honey along the edges of a cup so a child will more readily consume it. Stoicism and Epicurean philosophies were both dominant schools of the time. They taught self-sufficiency and freedom from worldly negativities; Stoics expressed this through indifference in order to achieve clear sense of self-control. On the contrary, Epicureans simply shut out the existence of fate completely. In a time where Romans were “stimulated to seek solutions to the disparity between ideal concepts of government and the reality of corruption, violence and injustice,” and an interest in Epicureanism was high, Lucretius’ poetry exemplifies cultural trends of the age. (Lucretius) Hundreds of years later, as it was uncovered during the Renaissance - through admiration, influence and rewriting of his works - Epicureanism lived on. It will rest in this museum today, so it will continue to forever influence the cosmological and evolutionary speculations of philosophers, historians, scientists, and others alike. Upon reading, you can forget it was written literally thousands of years ago, with advanced thought in sociology, evolutionary theory, the infinite universe and the cosmos. Titus Lucretius Carus, a man we know very little about, can \"speak from his grave\" with his poem. We are able to dive into the mind of a man who deeply admired Epicurus with an eye for nature and an endless thirst for the universal knowledge and truth. Future generations should have this for many years to come, as they too, can live a life with the absence of fear, develop keen observation for the world around us, search for the facts of the physical world and think critically when subject of atoms, space, death, life, gods, and/or pseudo-science comes up. A work that was once taboo to the Christian church, attached with false stories to discredit its content, is quite a gem to have preserved today. Aside from its historical value, De rerum natura is valuable to those who are presented with it because it can calm the concerns of a \"doomsday,\" give us a greater appreciation for Epicurus, and return to us the joy that keeps us from maintaining a delightful life, even within harsh political turmoil and violence as Lucretius once did - even as we travel deep into space to our new home. To preserve the piece itself, I would include a copy manuscript, dating back to approximately 1490, under a centered, squared glass case - for safety and to avoid deterioration. One of first English translations, done by Lucy Hutchinson in the 1650s, would have interchanging quotes from his six-book series slowly flashing vertically along transparent screens disguised as plain, white museum walls. Although not quite the original mark of Lucretius within the case and its inability to capture his message in its entirety; the people aboard the ship get to see an early copy of the work, while also being able to revel in the ideas of Lucretius as they illuminate the walls surrounding them.\r\n\r\nAs for the morality play Everyman, there are only four known remaining early writings it: two-thirds a manuscript held in the British Museum, another section in the Bodleian Library; two manuscripts: one held in a personal library and another in Salisbury Cathedral, and the last of the bunch, in the Britwell library. Amongst them, the previous two are the oldest, brought upon by a man who unearthed them around 1490. (Moses) Somewhat following the design of the \"Lucretius - On the Nature of Things\" walk-through, the valuable aging fragments would be placed within a glass case while a list of characters is shone through the furthest wall. Also, all along the walls are headphones with the choice of two buttons, for people to listen to English translations with dramatic voices if they choose, or more simply, to the history of medieval theatre - to cherish what is being preserved beneath the glass. Weekly, the play itself is performed in the outer area. In recent times, with a growing secular audience, we generally do not spend our days aching to learn of a Divine figure watching upon us who may damn us to hell at our misconduct. Although, we have become a world consumed with our earthly comforts, wound up on all we can possess. Death is unavoidable and when we reach the time to face it, like Everyman did in the 1400s, we are reminded the only thing accompanying our eternal good-bye is the good things we have done to reminisce upon. In Medieval Europe, most people who populated it, were illiterate and were unable to read the bible or other religious texts. They could only participate in the oral sermons that were given. This play, an alternative way to speak the words of Old and New Testaments, was quite special during the time because the words of Christ would be more easily spread. In Everyman, we follow a character that represents all of mankind – a man who has abused his mortal freedom, but repents his sins so he can be saved. The greatest challenge a man faces are the World, the Flesh, and the Devil. It is strongly emphasized “sin is inevitable,” yet still, “repentance is always possible” (Potter) He meets a sea of personified characters that test his Earthly conduct. God summons Death to have Everyman take pilgrimage with him, only allowing him to take those who will contribute to his soul in the afterlife. Through the rejection of the personified wordly characters such as Beauty, Material Goods and Strength, we discover the morals Everyman was written to teach: that man mustn’t become obsessed with possessions and objects of wealth. Rather, to live a life against self-satisfaction and fulfill a life of virtue, conscious of Jesus’ sacrifice for us. Work of the fifteenth century focused on men being summoned to death and religious faith revived much of the dramatic art form, so Everyman truly exemplifies that of its time. In the museum, historians and people of all walks of life can find Everyman to be an intriguing source of discovering and learning the moral code that existed during the Middle Ages. For the audience to truly appreciate this piece, one must remember it flourished in a time where dramas were largely theological and created mainly to reform its viewers. These stories were told with medieval faith being strong and everything of the Earth believed to have a great moral underlining. This everlasting play\'s place in the museum will be a wonderful way to learn valuable life lessons through a medieval mind’s standpoint and discover what we want of this life.\r\n\r\nThe third piece in the museum is an engineering masterpiece; it is truly special as it stretches like a winding dragon through all sorts of land and terrain over northern China - The Great Wall. Although walls themselves are quite common throughout history as a barrier for intruders, walls have been embedded in Chinese history far greater than in any other culture. Innovative, in that, sizes of that proportion had been unseen in previous wall-building. Even the concept Emperor Qin set of a wall covering an entire country was innovative, since this love for wall-building only extended as far as around homes or farms. It is essential for the museum because it represents an architecturally advanced civilization, which involved over three million in its history’s making. It brings a sense of pride to Chinese people because of its great historical value and stunning size. Also, each segment, along with its watchtowers, shows different technique of building - a tangible timeline of Ancient China and something truly unique to preserve for future generations to see. The thousands of miles of stone, brick, twigs, earth and rocks would be impossible to place neatly amongst the other museum’s pieces so, onto the next room will be a \"mini\" great wall of china - a walk-through area that is created by various chunks of the wall as built by different dynasties. At first, you walk through the earliest sections of the Great Wall as built by the Qin and Zhou dynasties, mostly built from local materials rammed between boards; then onto the Han portion where they\'ll be walking through what was once constructed with a water-fine gravel mixture made sturdy with willow reeds; then onto the most recent segments of the wall, as contributed by the Ming dynasty, which consist of colossal stone and brick. Throughout all this, information, as with the previous preserved works, will illuminate on the walls so people aboard can get a full feel and understanding of the effort and lives that were put into such a small piece of what they\'re standing upon, and gain insight on the stories behind such different building techniques and the fear that brought upon its construction.\r\n\r\nThe second of the originals displayed within the museum include Leonardo Da Vinci\'s Last Supper. It will come last after the flashing walls and Great Wall walkthrough since, in order to preserve the grandeur feeling it possesses, standing tall at the end of the refectory at Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, it will be at the end of the spaceship\'s museum hall. This painting, with its impeccable use of the one-point perspective to draw the viewers to Christ’s face, perfect distribution of people along each side of the table to converge at a center and relatable expressions of the disciples make it stand out as a remarkable painting. Unfortunately for us, Da Vinci painted tempera on dry plaster, which hasn’t stood the test of time too well and has endured many major restorations. The Saint Maria Delle Grazie has it in a climate-controlled environment and pays special precaution to its preservation, so within the spaceship museum, it will be under similar conditions. This piece is often referred to as the marker of an era in art history, known as the High Renaissance, as he is one of the major representatives. It is a time characterized by maturation and a peak in Renaissance art. This included the works of the fellow incredible artists: Titan, Raphael and Michelangelo. Artwork within this time period showed us perfect balance in harmony, knowledge of classical art and displayed flawless expertise and skill. When it was uncovered to the people, it must have caused quite a stir with its realistic feel as if you are involved amongst the table of Christ and his disciples. Still, even if we’ve seen all that has come before and after such an amazing and deteriorating piece, it should be preserved because it is necessary to be kept in its original glory. The fact it has been mass produced for generations after its creation gives people an opportunity to engage in the imagery’s history. More importantly, it represents an age where we no longer needed to display holy images as some abstract or intangible form. With the heavy weight of Humanism, Leonardo was able to give more credit to the human mind. Even if the exact image he painted was subject to decision of the man who commissioned Leonardo, it represents a time period of insanely gifted individuals who deserve to have their work preserved for future generations to see time and time again.\r\n\r\nOverall, I hope my museum succeeds at broadening its viewer’s knowledge of its various contents. Whether its Ancient China’s emperors, roots of atheism, the medieval church ideology or even how not to paint when you’re planning on having your work withstand for centuries to come. Even though there are many works lost in time either from natural disasters, completely changed through oral tradition or simply written down and never distributed, we are lucky to have these four pieces: ones that exemplify those of its time and deserve to be preserved on our space ship and onto our new home.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nWorks Cited\r\n\r\nHanrott, Robert. \"Epicureanism after Epicurus.\" <em>Hanrott &amp; Horsley</em>. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 May 2011. &lt;http://www.hanrott.com/epicureanism/epicureanhistory.php&gt;.\r\n\r\n“Lucretius.” Ancient Greece and Rome: An Encyclopedia for Students. Ed. Carroll Moulton. Vol. 3. New York: Charles Scribner\'s Sons, 1998. 18-19. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 15 Feb. 2011.\r\n\r\nMoses, Montrose. \"Introduction: The Predecessors of Everyman.\" <em>Everyman: A Morality Play</em>. New York: J. F. Taylor &amp; Company, 1903. 1-54. Print.\r\n\r\nPotter, Robert. <em>The English Morality Play.</em> London: Routlede &amp; Kegan Paul, 1975. 16. Print.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Final Project','','inherit','open','open','','1334-revision-3','','','2011-05-11 15:32:11','2011-05-11 21:32:11','',1334,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1475',0,'revision','',0),(1476,4,'2011-05-13 00:17:20','2011-05-13 06:17:20','Due to the severe climate changes, we can no longer stay on Earth. They\'ve chosen a select group of people to preserve the brilliant works of our old home. Aboard our immense ship, I\'ve designed a museum to carry the four pieces: De rerum Natura by Lucretius, The Last Supper by Leonardo Da Vinci, Everyman: a morality play, and the Great Wall of China. It will be in form of a hallway; a wide hallway with a high ceiling; a walk-through display with each piece given its own closed area separated by short entrance ways to surprise those unaware of the magnificent contents.\r\n\r\n<!--more-->\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone\" src=\"http://www.lib.cam.ac.uk/exhibitions/Montaigne/pics/front_notes.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"430\" height=\"304\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>a copy dating back to 1563</em> http://www.lib.cam.ac.uk/exhibitions/Montaigne/m4_1.html?keepThis=true&amp;TB_iframe=true&amp;height=460&amp;width=600</p>\r\nThe first piece De rerum Natura \"On the Nature of Things\" is an unfinished six-book scientific epic poem by a 1<sup>st</sup> century Italian man, Titus Lucretius Carus - a man widely considered ahead of his time. Firstly, it is unique stylistically because it is the earliest dactylic hexameter of its kind. This philosophic masterpiece eloquently displays Epicurean studies and offers us a better look in it, since little was preserved of Epicurus\' work – only that of his disciples. He introduces us to the theory of atomism, a truly grand feat given the time it was written. During Lucretius’ lifetime, Italy was experiencing a difficult time; It saw revolts, massacres, civil wars and assassination of authority figures. Lucretius, in such a heavy setting, it is no wonder he was so captivated by the Epicurean philosophy. The overall message of Epicureans being: It \"spoke of a world which was not managed by an unseen power, of a life in which a man\'s actions were free from divine scrutiny, a life in which, within the bounds of society, a man might shape events according to his own will, securing himself against discomfort, acknowledging his natural instincts, relieved from the nagging fear of an unknown beyond the grave by the certainty of death as a final end.\" (Hanrott) He is the first of all to be a poet of Epicurean philosophy and was wise enough to write his brilliance into Latin so that more people could read and share his work. In this, he also more easily rendered abstract concepts; Lucretius considered it much like a doctor who spreads honey along the edges of a cup so a child will more readily consume it. Stoicism and Epicurean philosophies were both dominant schools of the time. They taught self-sufficiency and freedom from worldly negativities; Stoics expressed this through indifference in order to achieve clear sense of self-control. On the contrary, Epicureans simply shut out the existence of fate completely. In a time where Romans were “stimulated to seek solutions to the disparity between ideal concepts of government and the reality of corruption, violence and injustice,” and an interest in Epicureanism was high, Lucretius’ poetry exemplifies cultural trends of the age. (Lucretius) Hundreds of years later, as it was uncovered during the Renaissance - through admiration, influence and rewriting of his works - Epicureanism lived on. It will rest in this museum today, so it will continue to forever influence the cosmological and evolutionary speculations of philosophers, historians, scientists, and others alike. Upon reading, you can forget it was written literally thousands of years ago, with advanced thought in sociology, evolutionary theory, the infinite universe and the cosmos. Titus Lucretius Carus, a man we know very little about, can \"speak from his grave\" with his poem. We are able to dive into the mind of a man who deeply admired Epicurus with an eye for nature and an endless thirst for the universal knowledge and truth. Future generations should have this for many years to come, as they too, can live a life with the absence of fear, develop keen observation for the world around us, search for the facts of the physical world and think critically when subject of atoms, space, death, life, gods, and/or pseudo-science comes up. A work that was once taboo to the Christian church, attached with false stories to discredit its content, is quite a gem to have preserved today. Aside from its historical value, De rerum natura is valuable to those who are presented with it because it can calm the concerns of a \"doomsday,\" give us a greater appreciation for Epicurus, and return to us the joy that keeps us from maintaining a delightful life, even within harsh political turmoil and violence as Lucretius once did - even as we travel deep into space to our new home. To preserve the piece itself, I would include a copy manuscript, dating back to approximately 1490, under a centered, squared glass case - for safety and to avoid deterioration. One of first English translations, done by Lucy Hutchinson in the 1650s, would have interchanging quotes from his six-book series slowly flashing vertically along transparent screens disguised as plain, white museum walls. Although not quite the original mark of Lucretius within the case and its inability to capture his message in its entirety; the people aboard the ship get to see an early copy of the work, while also being able to revel in the ideas of Lucretius as they illuminate the walls surrounding them.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http://www.kashda.com/everyman/html/em_play.html\"><img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http://www.kashda.com/everyman/html/play_1_cover.JPG\" alt=\"\" width=\"315\" height=\"527\" /></a></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">http://www.kashda.com/everyman/html/em_play.html</p>\r\nAs for the morality play Everyman, there are only four known remaining early writings it: two-thirds a manuscript held in the British Museum, another section in the Bodleian Library; two manuscripts: one held in a personal library and another in Salisbury Cathedral, and the last of the bunch, in the Britwell library. Amongst them, the previous two are the oldest, brought upon by a man who unearthed them around 1490. (Moses) Somewhat following the design of the \"Lucretius - On the Nature of Things\" walk-through, the valuable aging fragments would be placed within a glass case while a list of characters is shone through the furthest wall. Also, all along the walls are headphones with the choice of two buttons, for people to listen to English translations with dramatic voices if they choose, or more simply, to the history of medieval theatre - to cherish what is being preserved beneath the glass. Weekly, the play itself is performed in the outer area. In recent times, with a growing secular audience, we generally do not spend our days aching to learn of a Divine figure watching upon us who may damn us to hell at our misconduct. Although, we have become a world consumed with our earthly comforts, wound up on all we can possess. Death is unavoidable and when we reach the time to face it, like Everyman did in the 1400s, we are reminded the only thing accompanying our eternal good-bye is the good things we have done to reminisce upon. In Medieval Europe, most people who populated it, were illiterate and were unable to read the bible or other religious texts. They could only participate in the oral sermons that were given. This play, an alternative way to speak the words of Old and New Testaments, was quite special during the time because the words of Christ would be more easily spread. In Everyman, we follow a character that represents all of mankind – a man who has abused his mortal freedom, but repents his sins so he can be saved. The greatest challenge a man faces are the World, the Flesh, and the Devil. It is strongly emphasized “sin is inevitable,” yet still, “repentance is always possible” (Potter) He meets a sea of personified characters that test his Earthly conduct. God summons Death to have Everyman take pilgrimage with him, only allowing him to take those who will contribute to his soul in the afterlife. Through the rejection of the personified wordly characters such as Beauty, Material Goods and Strength, we discover the morals Everyman was written to teach: that man mustn’t become obsessed with possessions and objects of wealth. Rather, to live a life against self-satisfaction and fulfill a life of virtue, conscious of Jesus’ sacrifice for us. Work of the fifteenth century focused on men being summoned to death and religious faith revived much of the dramatic art form, so Everyman truly exemplifies that of its time. In the museum, historians and people of all walks of life can find Everyman to be an intriguing source of discovering and learning the moral code that existed during the Middle Ages. For the audience to truly appreciate this piece, one must remember it flourished in a time where dramas were largely theological and created mainly to reform its viewers. These stories were told with medieval faith being strong and everything of the Earth believed to have a great moral underlining. This everlasting play\'s place in the museum will be a wonderful way to learn valuable life lessons through a medieval mind’s standpoint and discover what we want of this life.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http://www.greatwallchina.info/\"><img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http://www.greatwallchina.info/img/big/TheGreatWall1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"355\" height=\"267\" /></a></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">http://www.greatwallchina.info/</p>\r\nThe third piece in the museum is an engineering masterpiece; it is truly special as it stretches like a winding dragon through all sorts of land and terrain over northern China - The Great Wall. Although walls themselves are quite common throughout history as a barrier for intruders, walls have been embedded in Chinese history far greater than in any other culture. Innovative, in that, sizes of that proportion had been unseen in previous wall-building. Even the concept Emperor Qin set of a wall covering an entire country was innovative, since this love for wall-building only extended as far as around homes or farms. It is essential for the museum because it represents an architecturally advanced civilization, which involved over three million in its history’s making. It brings a sense of pride to Chinese people because of its great historical value and stunning size. Also, each segment, along with its watchtowers, shows different technique of building - a tangible timeline of Ancient China and something truly unique to preserve for future generations to see. The thousands of miles of stone, brick, twigs, earth and rocks would be impossible to place neatly amongst the other museum’s pieces so, onto the next room will be a \"mini\" great wall of china - a walk-through area that is created by various chunks of the wall as built by different dynasties. At first, you walk through the earliest sections of the Great Wall as built by the Qin and Zhou dynasties, mostly built from local materials rammed between boards; then onto the Han portion where they\'ll be walking through what was once constructed with a water-fine gravel mixture made sturdy with willow reeds; then onto the most recent segments of the wall, as contributed by the Ming dynasty, which consist of colossal stone and brick. Throughout all this, information, as with the previous preserved works, will illuminate on the walls so people aboard can get a full feel and understanding of the effort and lives that were put into such a small piece of what they\'re standing upon, and gain insight on the stories behind such different building techniques and the fear that brought upon its construction.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http://www.autographmurals.com/lastsupper-413fttallx812ftwide-peelandstickreusablemural.aspx\"><img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http://www.autographmurals.com/images/products/detail/Last_Supper_fl_ch_Large.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"480\" height=\"246\" /></a></p>\r\nhttp://www.autographmurals.com/lastsupper-413fttallx812ftwide-peelandstickreusablemural.aspx\r\n\r\nThe second of the originals displayed within the museum include Leonardo Da Vinci\'s Last Supper. It will come last after the flashing walls and Great Wall walkthrough since, in order to preserve the grandeur feeling it possesses, standing tall at the end of the refectory at Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, it will be at the end of the spaceship\'s museum hall. This painting, with its impeccable use of the one-point perspective to draw the viewers to Christ’s face, perfect distribution of people along each side of the table to converge at a center and relatable expressions of the disciples make it stand out as a remarkable painting. Unfortunately for us, Da Vinci painted tempera on dry plaster, which hasn’t stood the test of time too well and has endured many major restorations. The Saint Maria Delle Grazie has it in a climate-controlled environment and pays special precaution to its preservation, so within the spaceship museum, it will be under similar conditions. This piece is often referred to as the marker of an era in art history, known as the High Renaissance, as he is one of the major representatives. It is a time characterized by maturation and a peak in Renaissance art. This included the works of the fellow incredible artists: Titan, Raphael and Michelangelo. Artwork within this time period showed us perfect balance in harmony, knowledge of classical art and displayed flawless expertise and skill. When it was uncovered to the people, it must have caused quite a stir with its realistic feel as if you are involved amongst the table of Christ and his disciples. Still, even if we’ve seen all that has come before and after such an amazing and deteriorating piece, it should be preserved because it is necessary to be kept in its original glory. The fact it has been mass produced for generations after its creation gives people an opportunity to engage in the imagery’s history. More importantly, it represents an age where we no longer needed to display holy images as some abstract or intangible form. With the heavy weight of Humanism, Leonardo was able to give more credit to the human mind. Even if the exact image he painted was subject to decision of the man who commissioned Leonardo, it represents a time period of insanely gifted individuals who deserve to have their work preserved for future generations to see time and time again.\r\n\r\nOverall, I hope my museum succeeds at broadening its viewer’s knowledge of its various contents. Whether its Ancient China’s emperors, roots of atheism, the medieval church ideology or even how not to paint when you’re planning on having your work withstand for centuries to come. Even though there are many works lost in time either from natural disasters, completely changed through oral tradition or simply written down and never distributed, we are lucky to have these four pieces: ones that exemplify those of its time and deserve to be preserved on our space ship and onto our new home.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nWorks Cited\r\n\r\nHanrott, Robert. \"Epicureanism after Epicurus.\" <em>Hanrott &amp; Horsley</em>. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 May 2011. &lt;http://www.hanrott.com/epicureanism/epicureanhistory.php&gt;.\r\n\r\n“Lucretius.” Ancient Greece and Rome: An Encyclopedia for Students. Ed. Carroll Moulton. Vol. 3. New York: Charles Scribner\'s Sons, 1998. 18-19. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 15 Feb. 2011.\r\n\r\nMoses, Montrose. \"Introduction: The Predecessors of Everyman.\" <em>Everyman: A Morality Play</em>. New York: J. F. Taylor &amp; Company, 1903. 1-54. Print.\r\n\r\nPotter, Robert. <em>The English Morality Play.</em> London: Routlede &amp; Kegan Paul, 1975. 16. Print.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Final Project','','inherit','open','open','','1334-revision-4','','','2011-05-13 00:17:20','2011-05-13 06:17:20','',1334,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1476',0,'revision','',0),(1479,5,'2011-05-14 12:49:05','2011-05-14 18:49:05','','Space','','inherit','open','open','','space','','','2011-05-14 12:49:05','2011-05-14 18:49:05','',1335,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Space.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1480,5,'2011-05-14 12:49:45','2011-05-14 18:49:45','','Space','','inherit','open','open','','space-2','','','2011-05-14 12:49:45','2011-05-14 18:49:45','',1335,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Space1.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1481,5,'2011-05-14 12:52:05','2011-05-14 18:52:05','<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Space2.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1482\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Space2-300x219.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"219\" /></a>\r\n\r\nIn the 21<sup>st</sup> Century, scientists determined that due to natural occurrences beyond human control the earth would soon become un-inhabitable. Plans were quickly but carefully developed to establish a home on a recently discovered planet similar to our own, but with some essential differences in climate and atmosphere. Terra forming and chemical manipulation of the atmosphere was immediately begun, however there was not enough time to complete the process before conditions on earth became unmanageable. Domed cities were established on the new world to provide an interim habitat until the planet could be made habitable.<!--more-->\r\n\r\nOne of these domes was set aside to preserve great works of human culture, including <em>The Meditations</em> of Marcus Aurelius, The Basilica of St. Paul’s Outside the Walls, Raphael’s <em>School of Athens</em>, and Lao Tzu’s <em>Dao De Jing</em>. Fortunately for the Cultural Relocation Team, they had a fleet of spacecraft and advanced computer systems at their disposal.\r\n\r\nTheir first major challenge was finding a way to transport the enormous Basilica of St. Paul into outer space. This was done by first removing and cataloging all of the works of art that were not built into the structure itself, then securely packing them for transit. Then, the basilica was carefully de-constructed into manageable pieces, each of which was tagged with an RFID chip. The pieces were then divided into reasonably sized payloads and loaded for transport, along with the works of art that had been removed. The “instructions” for reassembly were entered into the space agency’s database so they could be accessed once the relocation crew reached their destination. A similar approach was taken with Raphael’s fresco <em>School of Athens </em>and the wall that it was painted on.\r\n\r\nThe written works were taken in the form of several manuscripts that had been created at various points throughout history, to demonstrate that even before digital technology humanity was striving to improve their means of preserving and dispersing information. The texts were also digitized so that even if the manuscripts began to deteriorate the works themselves could still be preserved.\r\n\r\nOnce they had reached their astronomical destination, these four works took their place alongside the other works that humanity had elected to preserve. St. Paul’s Basilica was reassembled and set off a bit from the other works. This was done to allow the basilica to continue to serve its original purpose of providing a spiritual sanctuary. Traditional church services were conducted at the usual times and guided tours were given on other days, so that people of other faiths and cultures could learn about its significance.\r\n\r\nVisitors are told of how it was built to accommodate the pilgrims of a burgeoning faith and also to honor one of its primary apostles. It is explained that the building was constructed in the secular form of a basilica so that it would feel more familiar to recent converts and former pagans. They are also told of how the interior was designed to be especially spacious and infused with light. They are shown how this was done through the combination of the innovative construction of its arcades and windows, and the consistently hued Proconnesian marble that was sought out specifically for the basilica’s construction. Most significantly, visitors are told of its special role in reaching out to new converts and welcoming alienated believers back into the fold. This may help to set a forgiving, charitable tone among the colonists that may promote cooperation as they develop their new society.\r\n\r\nRaphael’s <em>School of Athens</em> was displayed on one wall of an area that had been designed to showcase similar works, a large space where each painting was able to be considered on its own. Like all of the other works, it was given a record in a database that viewers could verbally query for specific information or an overview. Because of its unique subject matter, it was given an extra presentational element. During reconstruction, holographic generators were embedded in the piece that allowed each of the philosophers to come alive and explain the accomplishments that made them famous. When possible, efforts were made to extrapolate the philosophers’ personalities from their written works so that viewers could converse with them about topics they had not written on.\r\n\r\nAs part of the recorded overview, viewers are told that <em>School of Athens</em> was created during a time of immense artistic output when pagan knowledge was beginning to be accepted by the church establishment.  They are also told of its origins in Raphael’s complete remaking of the “Great Man” style of portraiture, where the figures were depicted interacting with each other instead of in silent repose. His accomplishments with advanced techniques of coloring and shading are also explained. Most significantly, viewers are told that the commissioning of a piece by church leadership that depicted pagan scholars was an act of tolerance that set the overall tone of the Renaissance era. This lesson may help the colonists be more accepting of other pilgrims who are from different backgrounds, and their ideas.\r\n\r\n<em>Meditations</em> and <em>The Dao De Jing</em> were both given a place in an area set up for the appreciation of written philosophical works. They were each given a similar treatment but with a few key differences. Various manuscripts of all texts were displayed along with replicas that visitors could hold and read through to get an idea of what learning was like before humanity went digital.\r\n\r\n<em>Meditations</em> was given a special presentational element. A holographic Stoa, or porch, is projected upon which Marcus Aurelius, Epictetus, and other notable Stoics have animated discourses about the Stoic philosophy that is the basis of <em>Meditations</em>. These discourses are designed to illuminate the basic tenets of Stoicism while also giving visitors the ability ask questions at any point in the dialogue. The holographic Aurelius gives a recitation of <em>Meditations</em> upon request, with the option to repeat or skip to specific verses.\r\n\r\nVisitors are also able to access a general overview that explains how <em>Meditations </em>was a product of the Roman tendency to revive aspects of Greek culture. They are also told that the book was written by a Roman emperor who pursued moral uprightness instead of conquest, and that the diary like tone with which he wrote gives a unique and personal perspective into Stoicism. Visitors are also told that Emperor Aurelius had the luxury of introspection because of the efforts of his immediate predecessors, the first four of the Five Good Emperors, to secure the empire’s borders and promote cultural development.\r\n\r\nMost significantly, <em>Meditations</em> shows that no matter what someone’s social position may be they can still benefit from a guided attempt at self improvement. <em>Meditations</em> is a unique record of a powerful individual’s pursuit of virtue, through a school of thought that discouraged the trappings of power and wealth. Knowing about the choices that Aurelius made may help the colonists choose a similar path as they establish the leadership for their new civilization.\r\n\r\n<em>The Dao De Jing</em> exhibit is located among other examples of the “100 Schools of Thought” era in which it was written. This section of the museum is located in a larger area where other examples from the Axial Age are displayed. Like the other literary works, <em>The Dao De Jing</em> is presented via a holographic representation of its author, in this case Lao Tzu. As a preface to the exhibit, the hologram describes the ways of the Kingdom of Zhou and how they had led to a contented population for generations. It is then explained that <em>The Dao De Jing</em> was written to preserve these ways. Then, the holographic sage begins a recitation of the text, which offers repeat visitors the ability to skip to and repeat specific verses.\r\n\r\nThe recitation can also be paused at any time so visitors can query a database for clarification on the concepts that are discussed in <em>The Dao De Jing. </em>The virtual Lao Tzu offers visitors who are mystified by its unique, elusive language a one on one guided tour through the basics of Daoism, the philosophic school of thought that was inspired by <em>The Dao De Jing.</em> Most significantly, visitors are told that <em>The Dao De Jing</em> offered a spiritual counter to the achievement driven life that was rapidly overtaking China at that time. Its emphasis on inner peace and contentedness offered relief in the wake of increasing social demands, a message that may help museum visitors avoid the same fate.\r\n\r\nWhen the plans were being made to set aside resources to preserve these works many criticized the program as wasteful and unnecessary. In response, a few of the colonists drafted an open letter that pointed out the value of saving these important components of Humanity’s legacy. The letter described how great works of art, literature, architecture, and other mediums convey certain lessons that cannot be taught any other way. They have the ability to reach the human consciousness on an intuitive level that allows profound ideas to be effortlessly taught and retained, ideas that would be difficult to describe in words alone. Preserving these works and others like them is the only way to record the trial and error process by which humanity arrived at its current condition. They also have the ability to remind us of the false steps of the past and caution us back on the path to progress.\r\n\r\nThe colonists were able to eventually leave their domes and resume a more typical, natural human life. As part of their new society they built permanent display spaces for the works they had brought along. They quickly had to make room for the works of the new generation of artists who had been inspired by the preservation exhibit.','Preserving our Humanity','','inherit','open','open','','1335-autosave','','','2011-05-14 12:52:05','2011-05-14 18:52:05','',1335,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1481',0,'revision','',0),(1482,5,'2011-05-14 12:50:59','2011-05-14 18:50:59','','Space','','inherit','open','open','','space-3','','','2011-05-14 12:50:59','2011-05-14 18:50:59','',1335,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Space2.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1483,5,'2011-05-11 14:57:40','2011-05-11 20:57:40','In the 21<sup>st</sup> Century, scientists determined that due to natural occurrences beyond human control the earth would soon become un-inhabitable. Plans were quickly but carefully developed to establish a home on a recently discovered planet similar to our own, but with some essential differences in climate and atmosphere. Terra forming and chemical manipulation of the atmosphere was immediately begun, however there was not enough time to complete the process before conditions on earth became unmanageable. Domed cities were established on the new world to provide an interim habitat until the planet could be made habitable.<!--more-->\r\n\r\nOne of these domes was set aside to preserve great works of human culture, including <em>The Meditations</em> of Marcus Aurelius, The Basilica of St. Paul’s Outside the Walls, Raphael’s <em>School of Athens</em>, and Lao Tzu’s <em>Dao De Jing</em>. Fortunately for the Cultural Relocation Team, they had a fleet of spacecraft and advanced computer systems at their disposal.\r\n\r\nTheir first major challenge was finding a way to transport the enormous Basilica of St. Paul into outer space. This was done by first removing and cataloging all of the works of art that were not built into the structure itself, then securely packing them for transit. Then, the basilica was carefully de-constructed into manageable pieces, each of which was tagged with an RFID chip. The pieces were then divided into reasonably sized payloads and loaded for transport, along with the works of art that had been removed. The “instructions” for reassembly were entered into the space agency’s database so they could be accessed once the relocation crew reached their destination. A similar approach was taken with Raphael’s fresco <em>School of Athens </em>and the wall that it was painted on.\r\n\r\nThe written works were taken in the form of several manuscripts that had been created at various points throughout history, to demonstrate that even before digital technology humanity was striving to improve their means of preserving and dispersing information. The texts were also digitized so that even if the manuscripts began to deteriorate the works themselves could still be preserved.\r\n\r\nOnce they had reached their astronomical destination, these four works took their place alongside the other works that humanity had elected to preserve. St. Paul’s Basilica was reassembled and set off a bit from the other works. This was done to allow the basilica to continue to serve its original purpose of providing a spiritual sanctuary. Traditional church services were conducted at the usual times and guided tours were given on other days, so that people of other faiths and cultures could learn about its significance.\r\n\r\nVisitors are told of how it was built to accommodate the pilgrims of a burgeoning faith and also to honor one of its primary apostles. It is explained that the building was constructed in the secular form of a basilica so that it would feel more familiar to recent converts and former pagans. They are also told of how the interior was designed to be especially spacious and infused with light. They are shown how this was done through the combination of the innovative construction of its arcades and windows, and the consistently hued Proconnesian marble that was sought out specifically for the basilica’s construction. Most significantly, visitors are told of its special role in reaching out to new converts and welcoming alienated believers back into the fold. This may help to set a forgiving, charitable tone among the colonists that may promote cooperation as they develop their new society.\r\n\r\nRaphael’s <em>School of Athens</em> was displayed on one wall of an area that had been designed to showcase similar works, a large space where each painting was able to be considered on its own. Like all of the other works, it was given a record in a database that viewers could verbally query for specific information or an overview. Because of its unique subject matter, it was given an extra presentational element. During reconstruction, holographic generators were embedded in the piece that allowed each of the philosophers to come alive and explain the accomplishments that made them famous. When possible, efforts were made to extrapolate the philosophers’ personalities from their written works so that viewers could converse with them about topics they had not written on.\r\n\r\nAs part of the recorded overview, viewers are told that <em>School of Athens</em> was created during a time of immense artistic output when pagan knowledge was beginning to be accepted by the church establishment.  They are also told of its origins in Raphael’s complete remaking of the “Great Man” style of portraiture, where the figures were depicted interacting with each other instead of in silent repose. His accomplishments with advanced techniques of coloring and shading are also explained. Most significantly, viewers are told that the commissioning of a piece by church leadership that depicted pagan scholars was an act of tolerance that set the overall tone of the Renaissance era. This lesson may help the colonists be more accepting of other pilgrims who are from different backgrounds, and their ideas.\r\n\r\n<em>Meditations</em> and <em>The Dao De Jing</em> were both given a place in an area set up for the appreciation of written philosophical works. They were each given a similar treatment but with a few key differences. Various manuscripts of all texts were displayed along with replicas that visitors could hold and read through to get an idea of what learning was like before humanity went digital.\r\n\r\n<em>Meditations</em> was given a special presentational element. A holographic Stoa, or porch, is projected upon which Marcus Aurelius, Epictetus, and other notable Stoics have animated discourses about the Stoic philosophy that is the basis of <em>Meditations</em>. These discourses are designed to illuminate the basic tenets of Stoicism while also giving visitors the ability ask questions at any point in the dialogue. The holographic Aurelius gives a recitation of <em>Meditations</em> upon request, with the option to repeat or skip to specific verses.\r\n\r\nVisitors are also able to access a general overview that explains how <em>Meditations </em>was a product of the Roman tendency to revive aspects of Greek culture. They are also told that the book was written by a Roman emperor who pursued moral uprightness instead of conquest, and that the diary like tone with which he wrote gives a unique and personal perspective into Stoicism. Visitors are also told that Emperor Aurelius had the luxury of introspection because of the efforts of his immediate predecessors, the first four of the Five Good Emperors, to secure the empire’s borders and promote cultural development.\r\n\r\nMost significantly, <em>Meditations</em> shows that no matter what someone’s social position may be they can still benefit from a guided attempt at self improvement. <em>Meditations</em> is a unique record of a powerful individual’s pursuit of virtue, through a school of thought that discouraged the trappings of power and wealth. Knowing about the choices that Aurelius made may help the colonists choose a similar path as they establish the leadership for their new civilization.\r\n\r\n<em>The Dao De Jing</em> exhibit is located among other examples of the “100 Schools of Thought” era in which it was written. This section of the museum is located in a larger area where other examples from the Axial Age are displayed. Like the other literary works, <em>The Dao De Jing</em> is presented via a holographic representation of its author, in this case Lao Tzu. As a preface to the exhibit, the hologram describes the ways of the Kingdom of Zhou and how they had led to a contented population for generations. It is then explained that <em>The Dao De Jing</em> was written to preserve these ways. Then, the holographic sage begins a recitation of the text, which offers repeat visitors the ability to skip to and repeat specific verses.\r\n\r\nThe recitation can also be paused at any time so visitors can query a database for clarification on the concepts that are discussed in <em>The Dao De Jing. </em>The virtual Lao Tzu offers visitors who are mystified by its unique, elusive language a one on one guided tour through the basics of Daoism, the philosophic school of thought that was inspired by <em>The Dao De Jing.</em> Most significantly, visitors are told that <em>The Dao De Jing</em> offered a spiritual counter to the achievement driven life that was rapidly overtaking China at that time. Its emphasis on inner peace and contentedness offered relief in the wake of increasing social demands, a message that may help museum visitors avoid the same fate.\r\n\r\nWhen the plans were being made to set aside resources to preserve these works many criticized the program as wasteful and unnecessary. In response, a few of the colonists drafted an open letter that pointed out the value of saving these important components of Humanity’s legacy. The letter described how great works of art, literature, architecture, and other mediums convey certain lessons that cannot be taught any other way. They have the ability to reach the human consciousness on an intuitive level that allows profound ideas to be effortlessly taught and retained, ideas that would be difficult to describe in words alone. Preserving these works and others like them is the only way to record the trial and error process by which humanity arrived at its current condition. They also have the ability to remind us of the false steps of the past and caution us back on the path to progress.\r\n\r\nThe colonists were able to eventually leave their domes and resume a more typical, natural human life. As part of their new society they built permanent display spaces for the works they had brought along. They quickly had to make room for the works of the new generation of artists who had been inspired by the preservation exhibit.','Preserving our Humanity','','inherit','open','open','','1335-revision-18','','','2011-05-11 14:57:40','2011-05-11 20:57:40','',1335,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1483',0,'revision','',0),(1484,5,'2011-05-14 12:51:57','2011-05-14 18:51:57','<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Space2.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1482\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Space2-300x219.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"219\" /></a>\r\n\r\nIn the 21<sup>st</sup> Century, scientists determined that due to natural occurrences beyond human control the earth would soon become un-inhabitable. Plans were quickly but carefully developed to establish a home on a recently discovered planet similar to our own, but with some essential differences in climate and atmosphere. Terra forming and chemical manipulation of the atmosphere was immediately begun, however there was not enough time to complete the process before conditions on earth became unmanageable. Domed cities were established on the new world to provide an interim habitat until the planet could be made habitable.<!--more-->\r\n\r\nOne of these domes was set aside to preserve great works of human culture, including <em>The Meditations</em> of Marcus Aurelius, The Basilica of St. Paul’s Outside the Walls, Raphael’s <em>School of Athens</em>, and Lao Tzu’s <em>Dao De Jing</em>. Fortunately for the Cultural Relocation Team, they had a fleet of spacecraft and advanced computer systems at their disposal.\r\n\r\nTheir first major challenge was finding a way to transport the enormous Basilica of St. Paul into outer space. This was done by first removing and cataloging all of the works of art that were not built into the structure itself, then securely packing them for transit. Then, the basilica was carefully de-constructed into manageable pieces, each of which was tagged with an RFID chip. The pieces were then divided into reasonably sized payloads and loaded for transport, along with the works of art that had been removed. The “instructions” for reassembly were entered into the space agency’s database so they could be accessed once the relocation crew reached their destination. A similar approach was taken with Raphael’s fresco <em>School of Athens </em>and the wall that it was painted on.\r\n\r\nThe written works were taken in the form of several manuscripts that had been created at various points throughout history, to demonstrate that even before digital technology humanity was striving to improve their means of preserving and dispersing information. The texts were also digitized so that even if the manuscripts began to deteriorate the works themselves could still be preserved.\r\n\r\nOnce they had reached their astronomical destination, these four works took their place alongside the other works that humanity had elected to preserve. St. Paul’s Basilica was reassembled and set off a bit from the other works. This was done to allow the basilica to continue to serve its original purpose of providing a spiritual sanctuary. Traditional church services were conducted at the usual times and guided tours were given on other days, so that people of other faiths and cultures could learn about its significance.\r\n\r\nVisitors are told of how it was built to accommodate the pilgrims of a burgeoning faith and also to honor one of its primary apostles. It is explained that the building was constructed in the secular form of a basilica so that it would feel more familiar to recent converts and former pagans. They are also told of how the interior was designed to be especially spacious and infused with light. They are shown how this was done through the combination of the innovative construction of its arcades and windows, and the consistently hued Proconnesian marble that was sought out specifically for the basilica’s construction. Most significantly, visitors are told of its special role in reaching out to new converts and welcoming alienated believers back into the fold. This may help to set a forgiving, charitable tone among the colonists that may promote cooperation as they develop their new society.\r\n\r\nRaphael’s <em>School of Athens</em> was displayed on one wall of an area that had been designed to showcase similar works, a large space where each painting was able to be considered on its own. Like all of the other works, it was given a record in a database that viewers could verbally query for specific information or an overview. Because of its unique subject matter, it was given an extra presentational element. During reconstruction, holographic generators were embedded in the piece that allowed each of the philosophers to come alive and explain the accomplishments that made them famous. When possible, efforts were made to extrapolate the philosophers’ personalities from their written works so that viewers could converse with them about topics they had not written on.\r\n\r\nAs part of the recorded overview, viewers are told that <em>School of Athens</em> was created during a time of immense artistic output when pagan knowledge was beginning to be accepted by the church establishment.  They are also told of its origins in Raphael’s complete remaking of the “Great Man” style of portraiture, where the figures were depicted interacting with each other instead of in silent repose. His accomplishments with advanced techniques of coloring and shading are also explained. Most significantly, viewers are told that the commissioning of a piece by church leadership that depicted pagan scholars was an act of tolerance that set the overall tone of the Renaissance era. This lesson may help the colonists be more accepting of other pilgrims who are from different backgrounds, and their ideas.\r\n\r\n<em>Meditations</em> and <em>The Dao De Jing</em> were both given a place in an area set up for the appreciation of written philosophical works. They were each given a similar treatment but with a few key differences. Various manuscripts of all texts were displayed along with replicas that visitors could hold and read through to get an idea of what learning was like before humanity went digital.\r\n\r\n<em>Meditations</em> was given a special presentational element. A holographic Stoa, or porch, is projected upon which Marcus Aurelius, Epictetus, and other notable Stoics have animated discourses about the Stoic philosophy that is the basis of <em>Meditations</em>. These discourses are designed to illuminate the basic tenets of Stoicism while also giving visitors the ability ask questions at any point in the dialogue. The holographic Aurelius gives a recitation of <em>Meditations</em> upon request, with the option to repeat or skip to specific verses.\r\n\r\nVisitors are also able to access a general overview that explains how <em>Meditations </em>was a product of the Roman tendency to revive aspects of Greek culture. They are also told that the book was written by a Roman emperor who pursued moral uprightness instead of conquest, and that the diary like tone with which he wrote gives a unique and personal perspective into Stoicism. Visitors are also told that Emperor Aurelius had the luxury of introspection because of the efforts of his immediate predecessors, the first four of the Five Good Emperors, to secure the empire’s borders and promote cultural development.\r\n\r\nMost significantly, <em>Meditations</em> shows that no matter what someone’s social position may be they can still benefit from a guided attempt at self improvement. <em>Meditations</em> is a unique record of a powerful individual’s pursuit of virtue, through a school of thought that discouraged the trappings of power and wealth. Knowing about the choices that Aurelius made may help the colonists choose a similar path as they establish the leadership for their new civilization.\r\n\r\n<em>The Dao De Jing</em> exhibit is located among other examples of the “100 Schools of Thought” era in which it was written. This section of the museum is located in a larger area where other examples from the Axial Age are displayed. Like the other literary works, <em>The Dao De Jing</em> is presented via a holographic representation of its author, in this case Lao Tzu. As a preface to the exhibit, the hologram describes the ways of the Kingdom of Zhou and how they had led to a contented population for generations. It is then explained that <em>The Dao De Jing</em> was written to preserve these ways. Then, the holographic sage begins a recitation of the text, which offers repeat visitors the ability to skip to and repeat specific verses.\r\n\r\nThe recitation can also be paused at any time so visitors can query a database for clarification on the concepts that are discussed in <em>The Dao De Jing. </em>The virtual Lao Tzu offers visitors who are mystified by its unique, elusive language a one on one guided tour through the basics of Daoism, the philosophic school of thought that was inspired by <em>The Dao De Jing.</em> Most significantly, visitors are told that <em>The Dao De Jing</em> offered a spiritual counter to the achievement driven life that was rapidly overtaking China at that time. Its emphasis on inner peace and contentedness offered relief in the wake of increasing social demands, a message that may help museum visitors avoid the same fate.\r\n\r\nWhen the plans were being made to set aside resources to preserve these works many criticized the program as wasteful and unnecessary. In response, a few of the colonists drafted an open letter that pointed out the value of saving these important components of Humanity’s legacy. The letter described how great works of art, literature, architecture, and other mediums convey certain lessons that cannot be taught any other way. They have the ability to reach the human consciousness on an intuitive level that allows profound ideas to be effortlessly taught and retained, ideas that would be difficult to describe in words alone. Preserving these works and others like them is the only way to record the trial and error process by which humanity arrived at its current condition. They also have the ability to remind us of the false steps of the past and caution us back on the path to progress.\r\n\r\nThe colonists were able to eventually leave their domes and resume a more typical, natural human life. As part of their new society they built permanent display spaces for the works they had brought along. They quickly had to make room for the works of the new generation of artists who had been inspired by the preservation exhibit.','Preserving our Humanity','','inherit','open','open','','1335-revision-19','','','2011-05-14 12:51:57','2011-05-14 18:51:57','',1335,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1484',0,'revision','',0),(1485,26,'2011-05-15 08:37:12','2011-05-15 14:37:12','<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/devon_sleep.jpg\"><img class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-1418\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/devon_sleep-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /></a>\nKris Cooley\nFinal\nHuma1301-Hybrid\n\nThe year is 2100 and we are evacuating planet Earth. The damage done to this world is beyond repair and humanity is reaching out to the stars for sanctuary. I have been given the honor and responsibility of creating a room for people to remember the great art of our ancestors. I decided that during this somber time of struggle, the sentiments of faith based art might give some hope to the masses seeking an answer.\n\n<!--more-->I want to create a place for reflection, faith and give a little spiritual healing to those seeking it. I have chosen masterpieces from several different religions to speak to these questions of how, why and can I believe? I want to let the art speak for its self and let the story of faith light a way for the viewer.\n\nTo begin with, I have chosen a pagan poem of love. Sappho was a great poet who sang her songs to the heavens in worship. She never wrote her poems down, so it\'s amazing that we have one in full form. The Ode to Aphrodite is a plea to the goddess and tears of the broken hearted. I want to frame this poem in candlelight, place over an altar so used by the pagan religion. There would be continuous incense burning upon the altar with elements of earth that related to the worship of Aphrodite. The lyre would play while this poem is sung in ancient Greek, the language in which it was it was written.\n\nThis poem really speaks to the people about the beauty that can be created with the spoken word. How faith in something so profound as love can spark a belief in the things that humanity doesn\'t understand. It teaches that a few delicately place words can formulate an image of true divinity.\n\nAfter this amazing exhibit on pagan faith, the viewer would step in the next planned space. I chose Cave 20 of the Yungang Caves to represent the Buddhist belief. The entrance to this exhibit will be as if the person is walking through a tunnel into a cave. The inscriptions upon the walls will be the same replicated sutras that are engraved on the original cave walls. Though we had to employ a shrink ray to lessen the size of the Buddha sculpture, it will still fill up the room from floor to ceiling. I want society to awe at its original state. Because size is so important, nothing else would be prevalent in the room.This way it will have a similar effect that it had on the people of the past. Upon the floor will lie meditation rugs and the writings of Buddhist tradition would be readily available in any translation.\n\nFor the second room, the patron of the museum would walk through a cave like tunnel. Upon these walls, the sutras found at the sites of the Yungang Caves, would be engraved. I want to bring Cave 20 with us as the main sculpture of the room. Though Cave 20 is a colossal sculpture of Buddha and a bohsivatta, I would employ the newest technology of a shrink ray to bring it to the height of the room available. I want society to awe in its original state. Because size is so important, nothing else would be prevalent in the room. Upon the floor will lay meditation rugs and the writings of Buddhist tradition would be readily available in any translation.\n\nThis room would be for the people seeking to be enlighten, it would speak to them on a base level of the Buddhist belief.  Even viewers who aren’t believers could be inspired by the ancient Chinese devotion to detail and artistry. It would show the craftsmanship of the artist during the 5th century of China.\n\nThe final room is going to represent the Christian faith. Since I don’t want to bring an entire building into a space ship and I think that the real symbolism of the faith within Bramante’s Tempietto is the crucifixion spot honoring the sacrifice given by the apostle Peter, this would be the floor of the room. I would also bring the elegant altar that was made in reverence to Peter also. I would design this as a simple cathedral setting, even installing digital stain windows. Organ hymns would be playing and pews would be set before the altar.\n\nThe viewer would be able to see ancient religious influences within each of this objet d\'art. Sappho’s poem sharing with us the adoring worship of her goddess. Showing the joy and beauty within praise of divine beings. Cave 20 conveys the immense devotion that can be spent in seeking enlightenment through meditation. The Christianity portion of the museum has various aspects of its religion entwined in its presentation. The crucifixion spot demonstrating and honoring the ultimate sacrifice in the name of faith. St. Augustine’s Confession would lastly establish humanities doubt in faith. As the reader continues, he/she will realize that doubt is a huge part of faith.\n\nThe idea of this museum is to inspire hope. The ideas of spirituality is a trait of human existence that has impacted humanity in several different ways, but this place is to show the beauty of people’s artistic creation inspired by religion and glorify the spiritual path that our ancestors have traveled. It is to represent the harmony of worship, the endurance of faith and the promise of salvation.\n\n* That picture is one I took of my handsome Godson while he was staying the night at my house. Just feeling love watching him, I used my design skills to create ','Temple of Faith','','inherit','open','open','','1417-autosave','','','2011-05-15 08:37:12','2011-05-15 14:37:12','',1417,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1485',0,'revision','',0),(1486,26,'2011-05-11 22:52:38','2011-05-12 04:52:38','<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/devon_sleep.jpg\"><img class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-1418\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/devon_sleep-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /></a>\r\nKris Cooley\r\nFinal\r\nHuma1301-Hybrid\r\n\r\nThe year is 2100 and we are evacuating planet Earth. The damage done to this world is beyond repair and humanity is reaching out to the stars for sanctuary. I have been given the honor and responsibility of creating a room for people to remember the great art of our ancestors. I decided that during this somber time of struggle, the sentiments of faith based art might give some hope to the masses seeking an answer.\r\n\r\n<!--more-->I want to create a place for reflection, faith and give a little spiritual healing to those seeking it. I have chosen masterpieces from several different religions to speak to these questions of how, why and can I believe? I want to let the art speak for its self and let the story of faith light a way for the viewer.\r\n\r\nTo begin with, I have chosen a pagan poem of love. Sappho was a great poet who sang her songs to the heavens in worship. She never wrote her poems down, so it\'s amazing that we have one in full form. The Ode to Aphrodite is a plea to the goddess and tears of the broken hearted. I want to frame this poem in candlelight, place over an altar so used by the pagan religion. There would be continuous incense burning upon the altar with elements of earth that related to the worship of Aphrodite. The lyre would play while this poem is sung in ancient Greek, the language in which it was it was written.\r\n\r\nThis poem really speaks to the people about the beauty that can be created with the spoken word. How faith in something so profound as love can spark a belief in the things that humanity doesn\'t understand. It teaches that a few delicately place words can formulate an image of true divinity.\r\n\r\nAfter this amazing exhibit on pagan faith, the viewer would step in the next planned space. I chose Cave 20 of the Yungang Caves to represent the Buddhist belief. The entrance to this exhibit will be as if the person is walking through a tunnel into a cave. The inscriptions upon the walls will be the same replicated sutras that are engraved on the original cave walls. Though we had to employ a shrink ray to lessen the size of the Buddha sculpture, it will still fill up the room from floor to ceiling. I want society to awe at its original state. Because size is so important, nothing else would be prevalent in the room.This way it will have a similar effect that it had on the people of the past. Upon the floor will lie meditation rugs and the writings of Buddhist tradition would be readily available in any translation.\r\n\r\nFor the second room, the patron of the museum would walk through a cave like tunnel. Upon these walls, the sutras found at the sites of the Yungang Caves, would be engraved. I want to bring Cave 20 with us as the main sculpture of the room. Though Cave 20 is a colossal sculpture of Buddha and a bohsivatta, I would employ the newest technology of a shrink ray to bring it to the height of the room available. I want society to awe in its original state. Because size is so important, nothing else would be prevalent in the room. Upon the floor will lay meditation rugs and the writings of Buddhist tradition would be readily available in any translation.\r\n\r\nThis room would be for the people seeking to be enlighten, it would speak to them on a base level of the Buddhist belief.  Even viewers who aren’t believers could be inspired by the ancient Chinese devotion to detail and artistry. It would show the craftsmanship of the artist during the 5th century of China.\r\n\r\nThe final room is going to represent the Christian faith. Since I don’t want to bring an entire building into a space ship and I think that the real symbolism of the faith within Bramante’s Tempietto is the crucifixion spot honoring the sacrifice given by the apostle Peter, this would be the floor of the room. I would also bring the elegant altar that was made in reverence to Peter also. I would design this as a simple cathedral setting, even installing digital stain windows. Organ hymns would be playing and pews would be set before the altar.\r\n\r\nThe viewer would be able to see ancient religious influences within each of this objet d\'art. Sappho’s poem sharing with us the adoring worship of her goddess. Showing the joy and beauty within praise of divine beings. Cave 20 conveys the immense devotion that can be spent in seeking enlightenment through meditation. The Christianity portion of the museum has various aspects of its religion entwined in its presentation. The crucifixion spot demonstrating and honoring the ultimate sacrifice in the name of faith. St. Augustine’s Confession would lastly establish humanities doubt in faith. As the reader continues, he/she will realize that doubt is a huge part of faith.\r\n\r\nThe idea of this museum is to inspire hope. The ideas of spirituality is a trait of human existence that has impacted humanity in several different ways, but this place is to show the beauty of people’s artistic creation inspired by religion and glorify the spiritual path that our ancestors have traveled. It is to represent the harmony of worship, the endurance of faith and the promise of salvation.','Temple of Faith','','inherit','open','open','','1417-revision-6','','','2011-05-11 22:52:38','2011-05-12 04:52:38','',1417,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1486',0,'revision','',0),(1489,34,'2011-05-15 19:27:20','2011-05-16 01:27:20','The Bayeux Tapestry displayed a various amount of war scenes. It portrayed over 70 scenes from the Norman Invasion and the Battle of Hastings. The tapestry was made by Queen Matilda, with the help of other woman needle-workers, to honor her husband, William the Conqueror.  This tapestry is not actually a tapestry, it is embroidery. It reaches 20 inches high and 230 inches long. This admirable work of art “consists of eight long strips of unbleached linen which have been sewn together to form a continuous panel- this linen formed the background of the Bayeux tapestry” (middle-ages.org). There were many people and animals portrayed in this tapestry. There were people, dogs, horses, trees, ships, buildings, other birds and animals (some mythical), and Latin inscriptions that approximately had 2000 letters in each inscription. The colors displayed in the tapestry were dark blue, blue-green, light green, dark green, tan, buff, and yellow; all of them representing something beautiful. \n\nAll around the border was filled with mythical creatures, such as dragons. It, also, displayed hunting and farming scenes from “Aesop Fables.” Around the border, the scenes from the Aesop Fables were portrayed as the fox, the wolf, and the kid. These themes were thought to be the meaning of “deceit and unlawful possession” (middle-ages.org). I feel that this beautiful piece of art should be preserved because our children should be able to see the different styles of art and how and why they were made. They would also be able to see a general description of what went on during the Norman Invasion and the Battle of Hastings. The historical context from the Bayeux Tapestry is that what is so interesting are the scenes depicted in it. In the first scene, it mainly depicts the controversies leading up to the Norman Invasion and the Battle of Hastings. In the second scene, the tapestry roughly depicts Duke William preparing everyone for the Norman Invasion fleet, which happened in 1066. In the third scene, the actions depicted are the controversies from the Battle of Hastings, “it shows the battle between the Normans and English with the armor on and weapons in hand, while others lay dead on the ground” (middle-ages.org). The Bayeux Tapestry was typical for its time because women would usually make rugs and other things of that nature for their job. It was also typical of its time due to the illustrations portrayed in the tapestry and how it shows their attire, why they were going to battle, and the symbols from each person, animal, and place of battle.\n\nThe Bayeux Tapestry is unusual for its time because there were no other tapestries made like this tapestry. There was not any other tapestry made that reached 20 inches in height and 230 inches long. It is a very long, thin strip of linen that has different pictures, words, and meanings illustrated throughout the entire embroidery. During its time, people received the embroidery as an honor to the men battling at the Norman Invasion and Battle of Hastings. It shows the bravery and courage that the men had offered and how they were preparing and fighting in these battles. People in today’s society receive this work as a beautiful piece of art. I personally view this work of art as inspiring. This embroidery shows the incredible patience and loyalty it took to make something as time-consuming as this tapestry. I find it so interesting that the illustrations are so detailed and the colors are so vibrant. This work of art compares, specifically, to another piece of art called the <em>Song of Roland</em>. They are both “epic in theme and robust in style. Both consist of sweeping narratives whose episodes are irregular rather than uniform in length. Like the stereotypical characters in the <em>chanson</em>, the figures in the tapestry are delineated by means of expressive gestures and simplified physical features; the Normans, for instance, are distinguished by the shaved back of their heads” (Fiero). Both the <em>Song of Roland</em> and the Bayeux tapestry portray very dynamic history of medieval life. The Bayeux tapestry is most significant for future generations to know because it’s a remarkable piece of work that never fails to fascinate people. The Bayeux tapestry needs to remind them of the creative thought and illustrations portrayed in something so ancient. This would also benefit our future generations by having it show them the skill that the women had back in 1082. The beautifully detailed artwork shows it took great patience and care, something that would be good for future generations to learn.','The Bayeux Tapestry','','inherit','open','open','','1488-revision','','','2011-05-15 19:27:20','2011-05-16 01:27:20','',1488,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1489',0,'revision','',0),(1491,1,'2011-05-15 19:27:31','2011-05-16 01:27:31','The Bayeux Tapestry displayed a various amount of war scenes. It portrayed over 70 scenes from the Norman Invasion and the Battle of Hastings. The tapestry was made by Queen Matilda, with the help of other woman needle-workers, to honor her husband, William the Conqueror.  This tapestry is not actually a tapestry, it is embroidery. It reaches 20 inches high and 230 inches long. This admirable work of art “consists of eight long strips of unbleached linen which have been sewn together to form a continuous panel- this linen formed the background of the Bayeux tapestry” (middle-ages.org). There were many people and animals portrayed in this tapestry. There were people, dogs, horses, trees, ships, buildings, other birds and animals (some mythical), and Latin inscriptions that approximately had 2000 letters in each inscription. The colors displayed in the tapestry were dark blue, blue-green, light green, dark green, tan, buff, and yellow; all of them representing something beautiful. \r\n\r\nAll around the border was filled with mythical creatures, such as dragons. It, also, displayed hunting and farming scenes from “Aesop Fables.” Around the border, the scenes from the Aesop Fables were portrayed as the fox, the wolf, and the kid. These themes were thought to be the meaning of “deceit and unlawful possession” (middle-ages.org). I feel that this beautiful piece of art should be preserved because our children should be able to see the different styles of art and how and why they were made. They would also be able to see a general description of what went on during the Norman Invasion and the Battle of Hastings. The historical context from the Bayeux Tapestry is that what is so interesting are the scenes depicted in it. In the first scene, it mainly depicts the controversies leading up to the Norman Invasion and the Battle of Hastings. In the second scene, the tapestry roughly depicts Duke William preparing everyone for the Norman Invasion fleet, which happened in 1066. In the third scene, the actions depicted are the controversies from the Battle of Hastings, “it shows the battle between the Normans and English with the armor on and weapons in hand, while others lay dead on the ground” (middle-ages.org). The Bayeux Tapestry was typical for its time because women would usually make rugs and other things of that nature for their job. It was also typical of its time due to the illustrations portrayed in the tapestry and how it shows their attire, why they were going to battle, and the symbols from each person, animal, and place of battle.\r\n\r\nThe Bayeux Tapestry is unusual for its time because there were no other tapestries made like this tapestry. There was not any other tapestry made that reached 20 inches in height and 230 inches long. It is a very long, thin strip of linen that has different pictures, words, and meanings illustrated throughout the entire embroidery. During its time, people received the embroidery as an honor to the men battling at the Norman Invasion and Battle of Hastings. It shows the bravery and courage that the men had offered and how they were preparing and fighting in these battles. People in today’s society receive this work as a beautiful piece of art. I personally view this work of art as inspiring. This embroidery shows the incredible patience and loyalty it took to make something as time-consuming as this tapestry. I find it so interesting that the illustrations are so detailed and the colors are so vibrant. This work of art compares, specifically, to another piece of art called the <em>Song of Roland</em>. They are both “epic in theme and robust in style. Both consist of sweeping narratives whose episodes are irregular rather than uniform in length. Like the stereotypical characters in the <em>chanson</em>, the figures in the tapestry are delineated by means of expressive gestures and simplified physical features; the Normans, for instance, are distinguished by the shaved back of their heads” (Fiero). Both the <em>Song of Roland</em> and the Bayeux tapestry portray very dynamic history of medieval life. The Bayeux tapestry is most significant for future generations to know because it’s a remarkable piece of work that never fails to fascinate people. The Bayeux tapestry needs to remind them of the creative thought and illustrations portrayed in something so ancient. This would also benefit our future generations by having it show them the skill that the women had back in 1082. The beautifully detailed artwork shows it took great patience and care, something that would be good for future generations to learn.','The Bayeux Tapestry','','inherit','open','open','','1488-revision-2','','','2011-05-15 19:27:31','2011-05-16 01:27:31','',1488,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1491',0,'revision','',0),(1492,30,'2011-05-16 13:43:39','2011-05-16 19:43:39','<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Boys-of-Summer-300x169.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1494\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Boys-of-Summer-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /></a>http://sportsdoinggood.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/Boys-of-Summer-300x169.jpg</p>\r\nI attended the Cine Las Americas International Film Festival on Tuesday, April 26 and watched the film “Boys of Summer.” I had never attended a small screening before and it was free, so I decided to go for it. The film was a documentary about a little league baseball team from Curacao. It offered an inside look at the coach, the sport, the players, the training, the season, and the culture of Curacao. In the beginning of the film I found myself drawn to the beauty of the country and the individuality of each player on the team and by the end, I was clinching my teeth hoping for a win in the championship game. There were three aspects that I contemplated upon after watching the film: unity, spreading of knowledge, and pride.<!--more-->\r\n\r\nUnity was quite apparent in the film. I noticed the unity of the players to perform, unity of families to support the team, and unity of the coaches and other coordinators of the team. Each of the players on the team was unique and had their own spot on the team. By spot I don’t just mean literal playing position i.e. pitcher. I also mean each player added something to the team characteristically. One of the pitchers, Junters, who was very talented, added responsibility and inspiration to the team. Another young boy, Dennis, added humor and comedic relief to the team. Each player with his unique personality and skill united the team as a whole so the chemistry was right for success. Families came together to support the team and even traveled overseas to support their children. Upon return from away games, those who did not travel waited at the airport or bus stop to hold a “welcome home” ceremony. Having support when on a journey for a certain goal is key in success and can aid in confidence. The coach of the team united with other coaches and coordinators of the team to have the best possible training for his team. The coach was close with an older man who was well known in the baseball world in Curacao and even had a room in the field house. He was a huge asset to the team because he brought wisdom and experience to share to the players. All of this unity synchronously added to the fire of the team and their drive to be World Champions.\r\n\r\nFrom the film watching experience, I realized the spreading of knowledge occurs more than we think. I had no idea what Curacao was prior “Boys of Summer” and I had little information about how intense the Little League is. I was able to see the culture of the country and see the logistics behind the Little League World Championship. My enrollment in this Humanities class opened my eyes to how much knowledge is out there to be discovered as well as how easy it is to go about finding it. From working on the time capsule projects, I have independently learned so much about four different artifacts I was clueless about before the class. I became aware that spreading knowledge is a positive action because it can allow for growth in the mind and character of a person. I realized it is viable to learn about unknown topics and now I am more likely to have an interest in new information.\r\n\r\nThe last aspect I observed in the documentary was pride. At the Little League games, you could see the different colors, flags, and signs of each section from a different country cheering for their team. There were also different chants being yelled and different national anthems sung. The people from Curacao had national pride and gladly stood behind their Little League team. Each team playing to become world champions represented their country. In a way, it was more than just a game of baseball. The teams reflected their own country’s strength. This is one of the reasons there was so much passion for the Curacao team to win. The high talent level and good sportsmanship of the Curacao team reflected a positive view of their country.\r\n\r\nOverall, I enjoyed the film and learned new things about foreign countries, the sport of baseball, and the independent film world. I took away more than I expected from the film. I enjoyed it so much that I would like to attend next year!','\"Boys of Summer\"','','publish','open','open','','boys-of-summer','','','2011-05-16 15:25:57','2011-05-16 21:25:57','',0,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1492',0,'post','',0),(1493,30,'2011-05-16 13:43:29','2011-05-16 19:43:29','I attended the Cine Las Americas International Film Festival on Tuesday, April 26 and watched the film “Boys of Summer.” I had never attended a small screening before and it was free, so I decided to go for it. The film was a documentary about a little league baseball team from Curacao. It offered an inside look at the coach, the sport, the players, the training, the season, and the culture of Curacao. In the beginning of the film I found myself drawn to the beauty of the country and the individuality of each player on the team and by the end, I was clinching my teeth hoping for a win in the championship game. There were three aspects that I contemplated upon after watching the film: unity, spreading of knowledge, and pride.\n\nUnity was quite apparent in the film. I noticed the unity of the players to perform, unity of families to support the team, and unity of the coaches and other coordinators of the team. Each of the players on the team was unique and had their own spot on the team. By spot I don’t just mean literal playing position i.e. pitcher. I also mean each player added something to the team characteristically. One of the pitchers, Junters, who was very talented, added responsibility and inspiration to the team. Another young boy, Dennis, added humor and comedic relief to the team. Each player with his unique personality and skill united the team as a whole so the chemistry was right for success. Families came together to support the team and even traveled overseas to support their children. Upon return from away games, those who did not travel waited at the airport or bus stop to hold a “welcome home” ceremony. Having support when on a journey for a certain goal is key in success and can aid in confidence. The coach of the team united with other coaches and coordinators of the team to have the best possible training for his team. The coach was close with an older man who was well known in the baseball world in Curacao and even had a room in the field house. He was a huge asset to the team because he brought wisdom and experience to share to the players. All of this unity synchronously added to the fire of the team and their drive to be World Champions.\n\nFrom the film watching experience, I realized the spreading of knowledge occurs more than we think. I had no idea what Curacao was prior “Boys of Summer” and I had little information about how intense the Little League is. I was able to see the culture of the country and see the logistics behind the Little League World Championship. My enrollment in this Humanities class opened my eyes to how much knowledge is out there to be discovered as well as how easy it is to go about finding it. From working on the time capsule projects, I have independently learned so much about four different artifacts I was clueless about before the class. I became aware that spreading knowledge is a positive action because it can allow for growth in the mind and character of a person. I realized it is viable to learn about unknown topics and now I am more likely to have an interest in new information.\n\nThe last aspect I observed in the documentary was pride. At the Little League games, you could see the different colors, flags, and signs of each section from a different country cheering for their team. There were also different chants being yelled and different national anthems sung. The people from Curacao had national pride and gladly stood behind their Little League team. Each team playing to become world champions represented their country. In a way, it was more than just a game of baseball. The teams reflected their own country’s strength. This is one of the reasons there was so much passion for the Curacao team to win. The high talent level and good sportsmanship of the Curacao team reflected a positive view of their country.\n\nOverall, I enjoyed the film and learned new things about foreign countries, the sport of baseball, and the independent film world. I took away more than I expected from the film. I enjoyed it so much that I would like to attend next year!\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;','\"Boys of Summer\"','','inherit','open','open','','1492-revision','','','2011-05-16 13:43:29','2011-05-16 19:43:29','',1492,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1493',0,'revision','',0),(1494,30,'2011-05-16 13:45:21','2011-05-16 19:45:21','','Boys-of-Summer-300x169','','inherit','open','open','','boys-of-summer-300x169','','','2011-05-16 13:45:21','2011-05-16 19:45:21','',1492,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Boys-of-Summer-300x169.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1495,30,'2011-05-16 13:45:27','2011-05-16 19:45:27','<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Boys-of-Summer-300x169.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1494\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Boys-of-Summer-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /></a></p>\n&nbsp;\n\nI attended the Cine Las Americas International Film Festival on Tuesday, April 26 and watched the film “Boys of Summer.” I had never attended a small screening before and it was free, so I decided to go for it. The film was a documentary about a little league baseball team from Curacao. It offered an inside look at the coach, the sport, the players, the training, the season, and the culture of Curacao. In the beginning of the film I found myself drawn to the beauty of the country and the individuality of each player on the team and by the end, I was clinching my teeth hoping for a win in the championship game. There were three aspects that I contemplated upon after watching the film: unity, spreading of knowledge, and pride.\n\nUnity was quite apparent in the film. I noticed the unity of the players to perform, unity of families to support the team, and unity of the coaches and other coordinators of the team. Each of the players on the team was unique and had their own spot on the team. By spot I don’t just mean literal playing position i.e. pitcher. I also mean each player added something to the team characteristically. One of the pitchers, Junters, who was very talented, added responsibility and inspiration to the team. Another young boy, Dennis, added humor and comedic relief to the team. Each player with his unique personality and skill united the team as a whole so the chemistry was right for success. Families came together to support the team and even traveled overseas to support their children. Upon return from away games, those who did not travel waited at the airport or bus stop to hold a “welcome home” ceremony. Having support when on a journey for a certain goal is key in success and can aid in confidence. The coach of the team united with other coaches and coordinators of the team to have the best possible training for his team. The coach was close with an older man who was well known in the baseball world in Curacao and even had a room in the field house. He was a huge asset to the team because he brought wisdom and experience to share to the players. All of this unity synchronously added to the fire of the team and their drive to be World Champions.\n\nFrom the film watching experience, I realized the spreading of knowledge occurs more than we think. I had no idea what Curacao was prior “Boys of Summer” and I had little information about how intense the Little League is. I was able to see the culture of the country and see the logistics behind the Little League World Championship. My enrollment in this Humanities class opened my eyes to how much knowledge is out there to be discovered as well as how easy it is to go about finding it. From working on the time capsule projects, I have independently learned so much about four different artifacts I was clueless about before the class. I became aware that spreading knowledge is a positive action because it can allow for growth in the mind and character of a person. I realized it is viable to learn about unknown topics and now I am more likely to have an interest in new information.\n\nThe last aspect I observed in the documentary was pride. At the Little League games, you could see the different colors, flags, and signs of each section from a different country cheering for their team. There were also different chants being yelled and different national anthems sung. The people from Curacao had national pride and gladly stood behind their Little League team. Each team playing to become world champions represented their country. In a way, it was more than just a game of baseball. The teams reflected their own country’s strength. This is one of the reasons there was so much passion for the Curacao team to win. The high talent level and good sportsmanship of the Curacao team reflected a positive view of their country.\n\nOverall, I enjoyed the film and learned new things about foreign countries, the sport of baseball, and the independent film world. I took away more than I expected from the film. I enjoyed it so much that I would like to attend next year!\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;','\"Boys of Summer\"','','inherit','open','open','','1492-autosave','','','2011-05-16 13:45:27','2011-05-16 19:45:27','',1492,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1495',0,'revision','',0),(1496,30,'2011-05-16 13:43:39','2011-05-16 19:43:39','I attended the Cine Las Americas International Film Festival on Tuesday, April 26 and watched the film “Boys of Summer.” I had never attended a small screening before and it was free, so I decided to go for it. The film was a documentary about a little league baseball team from Curacao. It offered an inside look at the coach, the sport, the players, the training, the season, and the culture of Curacao. In the beginning of the film I found myself drawn to the beauty of the country and the individuality of each player on the team and by the end, I was clinching my teeth hoping for a win in the championship game. There were three aspects that I contemplated upon after watching the film: unity, spreading of knowledge, and pride.\r\n\r\nUnity was quite apparent in the film. I noticed the unity of the players to perform, unity of families to support the team, and unity of the coaches and other coordinators of the team. Each of the players on the team was unique and had their own spot on the team. By spot I don’t just mean literal playing position i.e. pitcher. I also mean each player added something to the team characteristically. One of the pitchers, Junters, who was very talented, added responsibility and inspiration to the team. Another young boy, Dennis, added humor and comedic relief to the team. Each player with his unique personality and skill united the team as a whole so the chemistry was right for success. Families came together to support the team and even traveled overseas to support their children. Upon return from away games, those who did not travel waited at the airport or bus stop to hold a “welcome home” ceremony. Having support when on a journey for a certain goal is key in success and can aid in confidence. The coach of the team united with other coaches and coordinators of the team to have the best possible training for his team. The coach was close with an older man who was well known in the baseball world in Curacao and even had a room in the field house. He was a huge asset to the team because he brought wisdom and experience to share to the players. All of this unity synchronously added to the fire of the team and their drive to be World Champions.\r\n\r\nFrom the film watching experience, I realized the spreading of knowledge occurs more than we think. I had no idea what Curacao was prior “Boys of Summer” and I had little information about how intense the Little League is. I was able to see the culture of the country and see the logistics behind the Little League World Championship. My enrollment in this Humanities class opened my eyes to how much knowledge is out there to be discovered as well as how easy it is to go about finding it. From working on the time capsule projects, I have independently learned so much about four different artifacts I was clueless about before the class. I became aware that spreading knowledge is a positive action because it can allow for growth in the mind and character of a person. I realized it is viable to learn about unknown topics and now I am more likely to have an interest in new information.\r\n\r\nThe last aspect I observed in the documentary was pride. At the Little League games, you could see the different colors, flags, and signs of each section from a different country cheering for their team. There were also different chants being yelled and different national anthems sung. The people from Curacao had national pride and gladly stood behind their Little League team. Each team playing to become world champions represented their country. In a way, it was more than just a game of baseball. The teams reflected their own country’s strength. This is one of the reasons there was so much passion for the Curacao team to win. The high talent level and good sportsmanship of the Curacao team reflected a positive view of their country.\r\n\r\nOverall, I enjoyed the film and learned new things about foreign countries, the sport of baseball, and the independent film world. I took away more than I expected from the film. I enjoyed it so much that I would like to attend next year!\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','\"Boys of Summer\"','','inherit','open','open','','1492-revision-2','','','2011-05-16 13:43:39','2011-05-16 19:43:39','',1492,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1496',0,'revision','',0),(1497,35,'2011-05-16 14:02:39','2011-05-16 20:02:39','<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/recovering-Beauty.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1498\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/recovering-Beauty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"396\" /></a><a href=\"http://www.blantonmuseum.org/\">http://www.blantonmuseum.org/</a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.blantonmuseum.org/\"></a>This weekend I went to the Blanton Museum of Art, as I have on numerous other visits, I find it to be a gem in Austin. Many permanent pieces of art housed here are very impressive by well known artist, our city is fortunate to have such a noteworthy collection of ancient culture, Latin American artwork, Modern/Contemporary pieces, and many more styles of art on display year round.  After my initial visit, I typically find myself back there when I am interested in one of the rotating exhibits. This time however my trip was inspired by my Humanities class, I was going to tour the European Art collection I fondly remember and write this essay comparatively to some of the Renaissance Art we studied in class. I didn’t find the description of the current main exhibit too interesting when I researched it on their website, therefore I didn’t think it was going to inspire my objective.<!--more--> The Main exhibit is on the main level of the museum near the entrance, so I decided before I climbed the beautiful marble staircase to the other works I would at least take a peek at the Argentinean collection on display.\r\n\r\nFrom my first glance into the gallery I could see bright energetic colors which I relate personally to South American culture. When I first moved to Austin from Virginia 3 years ago, I knew very little about our neighbors to the south. I learned a great deal about Mexican and South American culture from my first job in the city. I worked at Dona Emilia’s; a South American restaurant where I was surrounded by not only the food of this culture but also by my peers and coworkers, some who were from Brazil, Peru, Chile, and Columbia. The owner was also a native, so the décor was full of South American art. The Blanton Exhibit is titled <em>Recovering Beauty: The 1990s in Buenos Aires </em>and featured a dozen or so up-and-coming artists of that decade which were an assembly of artists which called themselves the “arte light” group. The summary of the exhibit posted on the wall near the entry in to the gallery stated that in the decades before, in the 1970 and 80’s there was violence in Buenos Aires but the nineties were a time of change. A time of cultural, social and political improvement that brought about a sense of liberation and free expression. The “arte light” group became regular artists on exhibit at the Centro Cultural Rojas gallery. They went against the artistic practices of there peers by exploring concepts of beauty, color, and personal psychology.\r\n\r\nOne of my favorite artists form this exhibit was Fabio Kacero, he had four pieces that stand out in my mind. They were all pretty similar, very simple, but in my opinion extremely inspiring. The first two I saw were almost identical in form and both untitled. The first was a series of 5 stand alone small illuminated boxes displayed on a single free mounted shelf. They were about 3 x 3 in, maybe slightly larger but not by much and around 2 ½ inches thick. The description of their medium was “superimposed plastic transparencies and light”, each box was a different neon color (blue, green, red, yellow, etc) and had thin plastic layers. Each layer had a different miniature set of abstract geometric shapes pasted on with some type of black sticker. When viewing the box from the front it looked like a 3 dimensional creation of retro/science inspired shapes. The second display was exactly the same expect they were not illuminated and there were only 3 boxes. The other two instillations by Kacero were large but still had the same abstract geometric shapes, just in a much superior scale. They were not showcased in undersized transparent boxes but in single large circles hanging in staggering distances or parallel in oblong shapes fixed together. Both were made out of wood, Polifan, foam rubber, faux leather, and PVC. The black stickers forming the retro shapes were adhered to the large instillations which were in bright colors. I found this artwork to be innovative and unique. I liked how simple shapes and a few materials could bring beauty and question to the viewer. The small contained boxes with the different layers of shapes to me sparked a symbolism to life. How we as humans are all different like each box being a special color and our different experiences can by symbolic to the myriad of unique shapes. The numerous layers to me represent a timeline or stages in our lives. Nevertheless, even with all the diversity, every box is relative to the next.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/kacero_fabio_2.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1499\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/kacero_fabio_2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"595\" height=\"385\" /></a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.macromuseo.org.ar/coleccion/artista_obrab/k/kacero_fabio_2.jpg\">http://www.macromuseo.org.ar/coleccion/artista_obrab/k/kacero_fabio_2.jpg</a>\r\n\r\nThis realization of all of humanity throughout time being relative, no matter how diverse the cultures are, is a concept I learned from my studies in Humanities. I recognized each culture we read about had their own philosophies, inventions, governments, societies, etc. Yet one way or another they all progressed toward the same goals and lived for the same ideals. The Ancient cultures all produced their own calendars, languages, religions, and administrations, which corresponded to their region of the world. As humans, they were all curious of how we got here and what happens when we die, generating the great thinkers of their times in religion, politics, science and philosophy. These are questions and ideals that are still inspiring people today. Just like Kacero is innovate in the way that he encourages thought and the appreciation of beauty so did Confucius, Michelangelo, Dante, Charlemagne, Shakespeare and countless others during their lives ,with the use of there intellect and medium. I’ve often wondered about contemporary art and how it is innovative and what future generations are going to learn about my culture from it, since most of it is abstract and conceptual. From this exhibit and my humanities class I have gained a new admiration for pop art and culture. I understand that it is the pioneering method of my generation to express them selves and show the world how we have lived, thought and evolved.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Recovering Beauty: The 1990s in Buenos Aires','','publish','open','open','','recovering-beauty-the-1990s-in-buenos-aires','','','2011-05-16 14:04:23','2011-05-16 20:04:23','',0,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1497',0,'post','',0),(1498,35,'2011-05-16 13:54:32','2011-05-16 19:54:32','','recovering Beauty','','inherit','open','open','','recovering-beauty','','','2011-05-16 13:54:32','2011-05-16 19:54:32','',1497,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/recovering-Beauty.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1499,35,'2011-05-16 14:00:47','2011-05-16 20:00:47','','kacero_fabio_2','','inherit','open','open','','kacero_fabio_2','','','2011-05-16 14:00:47','2011-05-16 20:00:47','',1497,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/kacero_fabio_2.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1500,35,'2011-05-16 13:59:29','2011-05-16 19:59:29','<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/recovering-Beauty.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1498\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/recovering-Beauty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"396\" /></a><a href=\"http://www.blantonmuseum.org/\">http://www.blantonmuseum.org/</a>\n\n<a href=\"http://www.blantonmuseum.org/\"></a>This weekend I went to the Blanton Museum of Art, as I have on numerous other visits, I find it to be a gem in Austin. Many permanent pieces of art housed here are very impressive by well known artist, our city is fortunate to have such a noteworthy collection of ancient culture, Latin American artwork, Modern/Contemporary pieces, and many more styles of art on display year round.  After my initial visit, I typically find myself back there when I am interested in one of the rotating exhibits. This time however my trip was inspired by my Humanities class, I was going to tour the European Art collection I fondly remember and write this essay comparatively to some of the Renaissance Art we studied in class. I didn’t find the description of the current main exhibit too interesting when I researched it on their website, therefore I didn’t think it was going to inspire my objective. The Main exhibit is on the main level of the museum near the entrance, so I decided before I climbed the beautiful marble staircase to the other works I would at least take a peek at the Argentinean collection on display.\n\nFrom my first glance into the gallery I could see bright energetic colors which I relate personally to South American culture. When I first moved to Austin from Virginia 3 years ago, I knew very little about our neighbors to the south. I learned a great deal about Mexican and South American culture from my first job in the city. I worked at Dona Emilia’s; a South American restaurant where I was surrounded by not only the food of this culture but also by my peers and coworkers, some who were from Brazil, Peru, Chile, and Columbia. The owner was also a native, so the décor was full of South American art. The Blanton Exhibit is titled <em>Recovering Beauty: The 1990s in Buenos Aires </em>and featured a dozen or so up-and-coming artists of that decade which were an assembly of artists which called themselves the “arte light” group. The summary of the exhibit posted on the wall near the entry in to the gallery stated that in the decades before, in the 1970 and 80’s there was violence in Buenos Aires but the nineties were a time of change. A time of cultural, social and political improvement that brought about a sense of liberation and free expression. The “arte light” group became regular artists on exhibit at the Centro Cultural Rojas gallery. They went against the artistic practices of there peers by exploring concepts of beauty, color, and personal psychology.\n\nOne of my favorite artists form this exhibit was Fabio Kacero, he had four pieces that stand out in my mind. They were all pretty similar, very simple, but in my opinion extremely inspiring. The first two I saw were almost identical in form and both untitled. The first was a series of 5 stand alone small illuminated boxes displayed on a single free mounted shelf. They were about 3 x 3 in, maybe slightly larger but not by much and around 2 ½ inches thick. The description of their medium was “superimposed plastic transparencies and light”, each box was a different neon color (blue, green, red, yellow, etc) and had thin plastic layers. Each layer had a different miniature set of abstract geometric shapes pasted on with some type of black sticker. When viewing the box from the front it looked like a 3 dimensional creation of retro/science inspired shapes. The second display was exactly the same expect they were not illuminated and there were only 3 boxes. The other two instillations by Kacero were large but still had the same abstract geometric shapes, just in a much superior scale. They were not showcased in undersized transparent boxes but in single large circles hanging in staggering distances or parallel in oblong shapes fixed together. Both were made out of wood, Polifan, foam rubber, faux leather, and PVC. The black stickers forming the retro shapes were adhered to the large instillations which were in bright colors. I found this artwork to be innovative and unique. I liked how simple shapes and a few materials could bring beauty and question to the viewer. The small contained boxes with the different layers of shapes to me sparked a symbolism to life. How we as humans are all different like each box being a special color and our different experiences can by symbolic to the myriad of unique shapes. The numerous layers to me represent a timeline or stages in our lives. Nevertheless, even with all the diversity, every box is relative to the next.\n\nThis realization of all of humanity throughout time being relative, no matter how diverse the cultures are, is a concept I learned from my studies in Humanities. I recognized each culture we read about had their own philosophies, inventions, governments, societies, etc. Yet one way or another they all progressed toward the same goals and lived for the same ideals. The Ancient cultures all produced their own calendars, languages, religions, and administrations, which corresponded to their region of the world. As humans, they were all curious of how we got here and what happens when we die, generating the great thinkers of their times in religion, politics, science and philosophy. These are questions and ideals that are still inspiring people today. Just like Kacero is innovate in the way that he encourages thought and the appreciation of beauty so did Confucius, Michelangelo, Dante, Charlemagne, Shakespeare and countless others during their lives ,with the use of there intellect and medium. I’ve often wondered about contemporary art and how it is innovative and what future generations are going to learn about my culture from it, since most of it is abstract and conceptual. From this exhibit and my humanities class I have gained a new admiration for pop art and culture. I understand that it is the pioneering method of my generation to express them selves and show the world how we have lived, thought and evolved.\n\n&nbsp;','Recovering Beauty: The 1990s in Buenos Aires','','inherit','open','open','','1497-revision','','','2011-05-16 13:59:29','2011-05-16 19:59:29','',1497,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1500',0,'revision','',0),(1501,30,'2011-05-16 14:03:27','2011-05-16 20:03:27','<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/incidente_1.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1503\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/incidente_1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /></a>http://www.igorslab.com/storage/incidente_1.jpg?__SQUARESPACE_CACHEVERSION=1298330788327</p>\r\nI attended the Cine Las Americas International Film Festival on Wednesday, April 27 and watched the film “Incidente.” This was my second day attending the festival. The film was about a team of news reporters/ correspondents who were doing a story on an incident that had occurred at an old warehouse several years in the past that was left unresolved. There had been a mass homicide years ago in which was mysteriously unexplained. The film was shot through the viewpoint and camera of the characters in the movie. In the beginning of the film I was spooked and anxious to see how it played out, but by the end, I was shaking my head in disappointment. There were three aspects I contemplated upon after watching the film: decisions, quest for the truth, and possession by spirits.<!--more-->\r\n\r\nIn this horror film, there was a common theme of bad decision-making. While there is a demonic spirit on the loose possessing fellow news team correspondents, wouldn’t the best action be to escape and flee the building? Running around to hide in random areas of the warehouse not only makes one vulnerable, but also allows for one to become lost or even trapped. As the demon moved from body to body, the survivors never did learn that escaping the building instead of lollygagging around and filming the event was the best decision they should have made. I mentally placed myself in that situation and I would be long gone after the first five minutes of mysterious activity. It made the film seem unrealistic because I don’t think anyone in his or her sane mind would stick around when there is a human-eating demon on the loose in the same warehouse.\r\n\r\nThe whole reason the news crew invaded that building was because they were on a quest for the truth. Searching for new discoveries or looking for the truth has both a positive and negative side. This movie made me think about how some things may be better off left alone. Yes, finding new answers to questions or researching is good because it leads to improvements and increased knowledge. In this Humanities class, I have gained so much more knowledge on the artifacts I researched on my own. But, in the case of “Incidente,” reopening the past and trying to get to the bottom of what killed those people years ago was a huge mistake. I see that there is caution to be taken when choosing what to research. In this film, everyone, including the SWAT/police team, ends up dead! Prying into controversial or dangerous issues can be risky.\r\n\r\nThe last aspect I thought about was spirits possessing people. This is one of my biggest fears. The idea of some evil force invading a human’s body to do crazy things freaks me out! Some people do not believe in paranormal activity and thus are not afraid of a possession happening. For me, this is not the case. I do believe in the paranormal and I think that if someone’s spirit has a strong enough cause to make contact with the living world again, they will. I realized that fear originates in one’s mind depending on one’s beliefs and personal experiences.\r\n\r\nOverall, this movie made me jump a couple of times, but in the end I was simply laughing at the poor resolution to the plot as well as the quality of acting. It was a worthwhile experience because I did contemplate over a few topics.','\"Incidente\"','','publish','open','open','','incidente','','','2011-05-16 15:25:27','2011-05-16 21:25:27','',0,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1501',0,'post','',2),(1502,35,'2011-05-16 14:02:16','2011-05-16 20:02:16','<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/recovering-Beauty.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1498\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/recovering-Beauty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"396\" /></a><a href=\"http://www.blantonmuseum.org/\">http://www.blantonmuseum.org/</a>\n\n<a href=\"http://www.blantonmuseum.org/\"></a>This weekend I went to the Blanton Museum of Art, as I have on numerous other visits, I find it to be a gem in Austin. Many permanent pieces of art housed here are very impressive by well known artist, our city is fortunate to have such a noteworthy collection of ancient culture, Latin American artwork, Modern/Contemporary pieces, and many more styles of art on display year round.  After my initial visit, I typically find myself back there when I am interested in one of the rotating exhibits. This time however my trip was inspired by my Humanities class, I was going to tour the European Art collection I fondly remember and write this essay comparatively to some of the Renaissance Art we studied in class. I didn’t find the description of the current main exhibit too interesting when I researched it on their website, therefore I didn’t think it was going to inspire my objective.<!--more--> The Main exhibit is on the main level of the museum near the entrance, so I decided before I climbed the beautiful marble staircase to the other works I would at least take a peek at the Argentinean collection on display.\n\nFrom my first glance into the gallery I could see bright energetic colors which I relate personally to South American culture. When I first moved to Austin from Virginia 3 years ago, I knew very little about our neighbors to the south. I learned a great deal about Mexican and South American culture from my first job in the city. I worked at Dona Emilia’s; a South American restaurant where I was surrounded by not only the food of this culture but also by my peers and coworkers, some who were from Brazil, Peru, Chile, and Columbia. The owner was also a native, so the décor was full of South American art. The Blanton Exhibit is titled <em>Recovering Beauty: The 1990s in Buenos Aires </em>and featured a dozen or so up-and-coming artists of that decade which were an assembly of artists which called themselves the “arte light” group. The summary of the exhibit posted on the wall near the entry in to the gallery stated that in the decades before, in the 1970 and 80’s there was violence in Buenos Aires but the nineties were a time of change. A time of cultural, social and political improvement that brought about a sense of liberation and free expression. The “arte light” group became regular artists on exhibit at the Centro Cultural Rojas gallery. They went against the artistic practices of there peers by exploring concepts of beauty, color, and personal psychology.\n\nOne of my favorite artists form this exhibit was Fabio Kacero, he had four pieces that stand out in my mind. They were all pretty similar, very simple, but in my opinion extremely inspiring. The first two I saw were almost identical in form and both untitled. The first was a series of 5 stand alone small illuminated boxes displayed on a single free mounted shelf. They were about 3 x 3 in, maybe slightly larger but not by much and around 2 ½ inches thick. The description of their medium was “superimposed plastic transparencies and light”, each box was a different neon color (blue, green, red, yellow, etc) and had thin plastic layers. Each layer had a different miniature set of abstract geometric shapes pasted on with some type of black sticker. When viewing the box from the front it looked like a 3 dimensional creation of retro/science inspired shapes. The second display was exactly the same expect they were not illuminated and there were only 3 boxes. The other two instillations by Kacero were large but still had the same abstract geometric shapes, just in a much superior scale. They were not showcased in undersized transparent boxes but in single large circles hanging in staggering distances or parallel in oblong shapes fixed together. Both were made out of wood, Polifan, foam rubber, faux leather, and PVC. The black stickers forming the retro shapes were adhered to the large instillations which were in bright colors. I found this artwork to be innovative and unique. I liked how simple shapes and a few materials could bring beauty and question to the viewer. The small contained boxes with the different layers of shapes to me sparked a symbolism to life. How we as humans are all different like each box being a special color and our different experiences can by symbolic to the myriad of unique shapes. The numerous layers to me represent a timeline or stages in our lives. Nevertheless, even with all the diversity, every box is relative to the next.\n\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/kacero_fabio_2.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1499\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/kacero_fabio_2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"595\" height=\"385\" /></a>\n\nThis realization of all of humanity throughout time being relative, no matter how diverse the cultures are, is a concept I learned from my studies in Humanities. I recognized each culture we read about had their own philosophies, inventions, governments, societies, etc. Yet one way or another they all progressed toward the same goals and lived for the same ideals. The Ancient cultures all produced their own calendars, languages, religions, and administrations, which corresponded to their region of the world. As humans, they were all curious of how we got here and what happens when we die, generating the great thinkers of their times in religion, politics, science and philosophy. These are questions and ideals that are still inspiring people today. Just like Kacero is innovate in the way that he encourages thought and the appreciation of beauty so did Confucius, Michelangelo, Dante, Charlemagne, Shakespeare and countless others during their lives ,with the use of there intellect and medium. I’ve often wondered about contemporary art and how it is innovative and what future generations are going to learn about my culture from it, since most of it is abstract and conceptual. From this exhibit and my humanities class I have gained a new admiration for pop art and culture. I understand that it is the pioneering method of my generation to express them selves and show the world how we have lived, thought and evolved.\n\n&nbsp;','Recovering Beauty: The 1990s in Buenos Aires','','inherit','open','open','','1497-revision-2','','','2011-05-16 14:02:16','2011-05-16 20:02:16','',1497,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1502',0,'revision','',0),(1503,30,'2011-05-16 14:03:15','2011-05-16 20:03:15','','incidente_1','','inherit','open','open','','incidente_1','','','2011-05-16 14:03:15','2011-05-16 20:03:15','',1501,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/incidente_1.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1504,30,'2011-05-16 14:03:22','2011-05-16 20:03:22','<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/incidente_1.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1503\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/incidente_1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /></a>http://www.igorslab.com/storage/incidente_1.jpg?__SQUARESPACE_CACHEVERSION=1298330788327</p>\nI attended the Cine Las Americas International Film Festival on Wednesday, April 27 and watched the film “Incidente.” This was my second day attending the festival. The film was about a team of news reporters/ correspondents who were doing a story on an incident that had occurred at an old warehouse several years in the past that was left unresolved. There had been a mass homicide years ago in which was mysteriously unexplained. The film was shot through the viewpoint and camera of the characters in the movie. In the beginning of the film I was spooked and anxious to see how it played out, but by the end, I was shaking my head in disappointment. There were three aspects I contemplated upon after watching the film: decisions, quest for the truth, and possession by spirits.\n\nIn this horror film, there was a common theme of bad decision-making. While there is a demonic spirit on the loose possessing fellow news team correspondents, wouldn’t the best action be to escape and flee the building? Running around to hide in random areas of the warehouse not only makes one vulnerable, but also allows for one to become lost or even trapped. As the demon moved from body to body, the survivors never did learn that escaping the building instead of lollygagging around and filming the event was the best decision they should have made. I mentally placed myself in that situation and I would be long gone after the first five minutes of mysterious activity. It made the film seem unrealistic because I don’t think anyone in his or her sane mind would stick around when there is a human-eating demon on the loose in the same warehouse.\n\nThe whole reason the news crew invaded that building was because they were on a quest for the truth. Searching for new discoveries or looking for the truth has both a positive and negative side. This movie made me think about how some things may be better off left alone. Yes, finding new answers to questions or researching is good because it leads to improvements and increased knowledge. In this Humanities class, I have gained so much more knowledge on the artifacts I researched on my own. But, in the case of “Incidente,” reopening the past and trying to get to the bottom of what killed those people years ago was a huge mistake. I see that there is caution to be taken when choosing what to research. In this film, everyone, including the SWAT/police team, ends up dead! Prying into controversial or dangerous issues can be risky.\n\nThe last aspect I thought about was spirits possessing people. This is one of my biggest fears. The idea of some evil force invading a human’s body to do crazy things freaks me out! Some people do not believe in paranormal activity and thus are not afraid of a possession happening. For me, this is not the case. I do believe in the paranormal and I think that if someone’s spirit has a strong enough cause to make contact with the living world again, they will. I realized that fear originates in one’s mind depending on one’s beliefs and personal experiences.\n\nOverall, this movie made me jump a couple of times, but in the end I was simply laughing at the poor resolution to the plot as well as the quality of acting. It was a worthwhile experience because I did contemplate over a few topics.','\"Incidente\"','','inherit','open','open','','1501-revision','','','2011-05-16 14:03:22','2011-05-16 20:03:22','',1501,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1504',0,'revision','',0),(1505,30,'2011-05-16 14:03:27','2011-05-16 20:03:27','<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/incidente_1.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1503\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/incidente_1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /></a>http://www.igorslab.com/storage/incidente_1.jpg?__SQUARESPACE_CACHEVERSION=1298330788327</p>\r\nI attended the Cine Las Americas International Film Festival on Wednesday, April 27 and watched the film “Incidente.” This was my second day attending the festival. The film was about a team of news reporters/ correspondents who were doing a story on an incident that had occurred at an old warehouse several years in the past that was left unresolved. There had been a mass homicide years ago in which was mysteriously unexplained. The film was shot through the viewpoint and camera of the characters in the movie. In the beginning of the film I was spooked and anxious to see how it played out, but by the end, I was shaking my head in disappointment. There were three aspects I contemplated upon after watching the film: decisions, quest for the truth, and possession by spirits.\r\n\r\nIn this horror film, there was a common theme of bad decision-making. While there is a demonic spirit on the loose possessing fellow news team correspondents, wouldn’t the best action be to escape and flee the building? Running around to hide in random areas of the warehouse not only makes one vulnerable, but also allows for one to become lost or even trapped. As the demon moved from body to body, the survivors never did learn that escaping the building instead of lollygagging around and filming the event was the best decision they should have made. I mentally placed myself in that situation and I would be long gone after the first five minutes of mysterious activity. It made the film seem unrealistic because I don’t think anyone in his or her sane mind would stick around when there is a human-eating demon on the loose in the same warehouse.\r\n\r\nThe whole reason the news crew invaded that building was because they were on a quest for the truth. Searching for new discoveries or looking for the truth has both a positive and negative side. This movie made me think about how some things may be better off left alone. Yes, finding new answers to questions or researching is good because it leads to improvements and increased knowledge. In this Humanities class, I have gained so much more knowledge on the artifacts I researched on my own. But, in the case of “Incidente,” reopening the past and trying to get to the bottom of what killed those people years ago was a huge mistake. I see that there is caution to be taken when choosing what to research. In this film, everyone, including the SWAT/police team, ends up dead! Prying into controversial or dangerous issues can be risky.\r\n\r\nThe last aspect I thought about was spirits possessing people. This is one of my biggest fears. The idea of some evil force invading a human’s body to do crazy things freaks me out! Some people do not believe in paranormal activity and thus are not afraid of a possession happening. For me, this is not the case. I do believe in the paranormal and I think that if someone’s spirit has a strong enough cause to make contact with the living world again, they will. I realized that fear originates in one’s mind depending on one’s beliefs and personal experiences.\r\n\r\nOverall, this movie made me jump a couple of times, but in the end I was simply laughing at the poor resolution to the plot as well as the quality of acting. It was a worthwhile experience because I did contemplate over a few topics.','\"Incidente\"','','inherit','open','open','','1501-revision-2','','','2011-05-16 14:03:27','2011-05-16 20:03:27','',1501,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1505',0,'revision','',0),(1506,35,'2011-05-16 14:04:11','2011-05-16 20:04:11','<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/recovering-Beauty.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1498\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/recovering-Beauty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"396\" /></a><a href=\"http://www.blantonmuseum.org/\">http://www.blantonmuseum.org/</a>\n\n<a href=\"http://www.blantonmuseum.org/\"></a>This weekend I went to the Blanton Museum of Art, as I have on numerous other visits, I find it to be a gem in Austin. Many permanent pieces of art housed here are very impressive by well known artist, our city is fortunate to have such a noteworthy collection of ancient culture, Latin American artwork, Modern/Contemporary pieces, and many more styles of art on display year round.  After my initial visit, I typically find myself back there when I am interested in one of the rotating exhibits. This time however my trip was inspired by my Humanities class, I was going to tour the European Art collection I fondly remember and write this essay comparatively to some of the Renaissance Art we studied in class. I didn’t find the description of the current main exhibit too interesting when I researched it on their website, therefore I didn’t think it was going to inspire my objective.<!--more--> The Main exhibit is on the main level of the museum near the entrance, so I decided before I climbed the beautiful marble staircase to the other works I would at least take a peek at the Argentinean collection on display.\n\nFrom my first glance into the gallery I could see bright energetic colors which I relate personally to South American culture. When I first moved to Austin from Virginia 3 years ago, I knew very little about our neighbors to the south. I learned a great deal about Mexican and South American culture from my first job in the city. I worked at Dona Emilia’s; a South American restaurant where I was surrounded by not only the food of this culture but also by my peers and coworkers, some who were from Brazil, Peru, Chile, and Columbia. The owner was also a native, so the décor was full of South American art. The Blanton Exhibit is titled <em>Recovering Beauty: The 1990s in Buenos Aires </em>and featured a dozen or so up-and-coming artists of that decade which were an assembly of artists which called themselves the “arte light” group. The summary of the exhibit posted on the wall near the entry in to the gallery stated that in the decades before, in the 1970 and 80’s there was violence in Buenos Aires but the nineties were a time of change. A time of cultural, social and political improvement that brought about a sense of liberation and free expression. The “arte light” group became regular artists on exhibit at the Centro Cultural Rojas gallery. They went against the artistic practices of there peers by exploring concepts of beauty, color, and personal psychology.\n\nOne of my favorite artists form this exhibit was Fabio Kacero, he had four pieces that stand out in my mind. They were all pretty similar, very simple, but in my opinion extremely inspiring. The first two I saw were almost identical in form and both untitled. The first was a series of 5 stand alone small illuminated boxes displayed on a single free mounted shelf. They were about 3 x 3 in, maybe slightly larger but not by much and around 2 ½ inches thick. The description of their medium was “superimposed plastic transparencies and light”, each box was a different neon color (blue, green, red, yellow, etc) and had thin plastic layers. Each layer had a different miniature set of abstract geometric shapes pasted on with some type of black sticker. When viewing the box from the front it looked like a 3 dimensional creation of retro/science inspired shapes. The second display was exactly the same expect they were not illuminated and there were only 3 boxes. The other two instillations by Kacero were large but still had the same abstract geometric shapes, just in a much superior scale. They were not showcased in undersized transparent boxes but in single large circles hanging in staggering distances or parallel in oblong shapes fixed together. Both were made out of wood, Polifan, foam rubber, faux leather, and PVC. The black stickers forming the retro shapes were adhered to the large instillations which were in bright colors. I found this artwork to be innovative and unique. I liked how simple shapes and a few materials could bring beauty and question to the viewer. The small contained boxes with the different layers of shapes to me sparked a symbolism to life. How we as humans are all different like each box being a special color and our different experiences can by symbolic to the myriad of unique shapes. The numerous layers to me represent a timeline or stages in our lives. Nevertheless, even with all the diversity, every box is relative to the next.\n\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/kacero_fabio_2.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1499\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/kacero_fabio_2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"595\" height=\"385\" /></a>\n\nThis realization of all of humanity throughout time being relative, no matter how diverse the cultures are, is a concept I learned from my studies in Humanities. I recognized each culture we read about had their own philosophies, inventions, governments, societies, etc. Yet one way or another they all progressed toward the same goals and lived for the same ideals. The Ancient cultures all produced their own calendars, languages, religions, and administrations, which corresponded to their region of the world. As humans, they were all curious of how we got here and what happens when we die, generating the great thinkers of their times in religion, politics, science and philosophy. These are questions and ideals that are still inspiring people today. Just like Kacero is innovate in the way that he encourages thought and the appreciation of beauty so did Confucius, Michelangelo, Dante, Charlemagne, Shakespeare and countless others during their lives ,with the use of there intellect and medium. I’ve often wondered about contemporary art and how it is innovative and what future generations are going to learn about my culture from it, since most of it is abstract and conceptual. From this exhibit and my humanities class I have gained a new admiration for pop art and culture. I understand that it is the pioneering method of my generation to express them selves and show the world how we have lived, thought and evolved.\n\n&nbsp;','Recovering Beauty: The 1990s in Buenos Aires','','inherit','open','open','','1497-autosave','','','2011-05-16 14:04:11','2011-05-16 20:04:11','',1497,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1506',0,'revision','',0),(1507,35,'2011-05-16 14:02:39','2011-05-16 20:02:39','<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/recovering-Beauty.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1498\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/recovering-Beauty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"396\" /></a><a href=\"http://www.blantonmuseum.org/\">http://www.blantonmuseum.org/</a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.blantonmuseum.org/\"></a>This weekend I went to the Blanton Museum of Art, as I have on numerous other visits, I find it to be a gem in Austin. Many permanent pieces of art housed here are very impressive by well known artist, our city is fortunate to have such a noteworthy collection of ancient culture, Latin American artwork, Modern/Contemporary pieces, and many more styles of art on display year round.  After my initial visit, I typically find myself back there when I am interested in one of the rotating exhibits. This time however my trip was inspired by my Humanities class, I was going to tour the European Art collection I fondly remember and write this essay comparatively to some of the Renaissance Art we studied in class. I didn’t find the description of the current main exhibit too interesting when I researched it on their website, therefore I didn’t think it was going to inspire my objective.<!--more--> The Main exhibit is on the main level of the museum near the entrance, so I decided before I climbed the beautiful marble staircase to the other works I would at least take a peek at the Argentinean collection on display.\r\n\r\nFrom my first glance into the gallery I could see bright energetic colors which I relate personally to South American culture. When I first moved to Austin from Virginia 3 years ago, I knew very little about our neighbors to the south. I learned a great deal about Mexican and South American culture from my first job in the city. I worked at Dona Emilia’s; a South American restaurant where I was surrounded by not only the food of this culture but also by my peers and coworkers, some who were from Brazil, Peru, Chile, and Columbia. The owner was also a native, so the décor was full of South American art. The Blanton Exhibit is titled <em>Recovering Beauty: The 1990s in Buenos Aires </em>and featured a dozen or so up-and-coming artists of that decade which were an assembly of artists which called themselves the “arte light” group. The summary of the exhibit posted on the wall near the entry in to the gallery stated that in the decades before, in the 1970 and 80’s there was violence in Buenos Aires but the nineties were a time of change. A time of cultural, social and political improvement that brought about a sense of liberation and free expression. The “arte light” group became regular artists on exhibit at the Centro Cultural Rojas gallery. They went against the artistic practices of there peers by exploring concepts of beauty, color, and personal psychology.\r\n\r\nOne of my favorite artists form this exhibit was Fabio Kacero, he had four pieces that stand out in my mind. They were all pretty similar, very simple, but in my opinion extremely inspiring. The first two I saw were almost identical in form and both untitled. The first was a series of 5 stand alone small illuminated boxes displayed on a single free mounted shelf. They were about 3 x 3 in, maybe slightly larger but not by much and around 2 ½ inches thick. The description of their medium was “superimposed plastic transparencies and light”, each box was a different neon color (blue, green, red, yellow, etc) and had thin plastic layers. Each layer had a different miniature set of abstract geometric shapes pasted on with some type of black sticker. When viewing the box from the front it looked like a 3 dimensional creation of retro/science inspired shapes. The second display was exactly the same expect they were not illuminated and there were only 3 boxes. The other two instillations by Kacero were large but still had the same abstract geometric shapes, just in a much superior scale. They were not showcased in undersized transparent boxes but in single large circles hanging in staggering distances or parallel in oblong shapes fixed together. Both were made out of wood, Polifan, foam rubber, faux leather, and PVC. The black stickers forming the retro shapes were adhered to the large instillations which were in bright colors. I found this artwork to be innovative and unique. I liked how simple shapes and a few materials could bring beauty and question to the viewer. The small contained boxes with the different layers of shapes to me sparked a symbolism to life. How we as humans are all different like each box being a special color and our different experiences can by symbolic to the myriad of unique shapes. The numerous layers to me represent a timeline or stages in our lives. Nevertheless, even with all the diversity, every box is relative to the next.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/kacero_fabio_2.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1499\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/kacero_fabio_2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"595\" height=\"385\" /></a>\r\n\r\nThis realization of all of humanity throughout time being relative, no matter how diverse the cultures are, is a concept I learned from my studies in Humanities. I recognized each culture we read about had their own philosophies, inventions, governments, societies, etc. Yet one way or another they all progressed toward the same goals and lived for the same ideals. The Ancient cultures all produced their own calendars, languages, religions, and administrations, which corresponded to their region of the world. As humans, they were all curious of how we got here and what happens when we die, generating the great thinkers of their times in religion, politics, science and philosophy. These are questions and ideals that are still inspiring people today. Just like Kacero is innovate in the way that he encourages thought and the appreciation of beauty so did Confucius, Michelangelo, Dante, Charlemagne, Shakespeare and countless others during their lives ,with the use of there intellect and medium. I’ve often wondered about contemporary art and how it is innovative and what future generations are going to learn about my culture from it, since most of it is abstract and conceptual. From this exhibit and my humanities class I have gained a new admiration for pop art and culture. I understand that it is the pioneering method of my generation to express them selves and show the world how we have lived, thought and evolved.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Recovering Beauty: The 1990s in Buenos Aires','','inherit','open','open','','1497-revision-3','','','2011-05-16 14:02:39','2011-05-16 20:02:39','',1497,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1507',0,'revision','',0),(1508,1,'2011-05-16 14:03:36','2011-05-16 20:03:36','<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/incidente_1.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1503\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/incidente_1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /></a>http://www.igorslab.com/storage/incidente_1.jpg?__SQUARESPACE_CACHEVERSION=1298330788327</p>\r\nI attended the Cine Las Americas International Film Festival on Wednesday, April 27 and watched the film “Incidente.” This was my second day attending the festival. The film was about a team of news reporters/ correspondents who were doing a story on an incident that had occurred at an old warehouse several years in the past that was left unresolved. There had been a mass homicide years ago in which was mysteriously unexplained. The film was shot through the viewpoint and camera of the characters in the movie. In the beginning of the film I was spooked and anxious to see how it played out, but by the end, I was shaking my head in disappointment. There were three aspects I contemplated upon after watching the film: decisions, quest for the truth, and possession by spirits.\r\n\r\nIn this horror film, there was a common theme of bad decision-making. While there is a demonic spirit on the loose possessing fellow news team correspondents, wouldn’t the best action be to escape and flee the building? Running around to hide in random areas of the warehouse not only makes one vulnerable, but also allows for one to become lost or even trapped. As the demon moved from body to body, the survivors never did learn that escaping the building instead of lollygagging around and filming the event was the best decision they should have made. I mentally placed myself in that situation and I would be long gone after the first five minutes of mysterious activity. It made the film seem unrealistic because I don’t think anyone in his or her sane mind would stick around when there is a human-eating demon on the loose in the same warehouse.\r\n\r\nThe whole reason the news crew invaded that building was because they were on a quest for the truth. Searching for new discoveries or looking for the truth has both a positive and negative side. This movie made me think about how some things may be better off left alone. Yes, finding new answers to questions or researching is good because it leads to improvements and increased knowledge. In this Humanities class, I have gained so much more knowledge on the artifacts I researched on my own. But, in the case of “Incidente,” reopening the past and trying to get to the bottom of what killed those people years ago was a huge mistake. I see that there is caution to be taken when choosing what to research. In this film, everyone, including the SWAT/police team, ends up dead! Prying into controversial or dangerous issues can be risky.\r\n\r\nThe last aspect I thought about was spirits possessing people. This is one of my biggest fears. The idea of some evil force invading a human’s body to do crazy things freaks me out! Some people do not believe in paranormal activity and thus are not afraid of a possession happening. For me, this is not the case. I do believe in the paranormal and I think that if someone’s spirit has a strong enough cause to make contact with the living world again, they will. I realized that fear originates in one’s mind depending on one’s beliefs and personal experiences.\r\n\r\nOverall, this movie made me jump a couple of times, but in the end I was simply laughing at the poor resolution to the plot as well as the quality of acting. It was a worthwhile experience because I did contemplate over a few topics.','\"Incidente\"','','inherit','open','open','','1501-revision-3','','','2011-05-16 14:03:36','2011-05-16 20:03:36','',1501,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1508',0,'revision','',0),(1509,1,'2011-05-16 13:45:44','2011-05-16 19:45:44','<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Boys-of-Summer-300x169.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1494\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Boys-of-Summer-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /></a>http://sportsdoinggood.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/Boys-of-Summer-300x169.jpg</p>\r\nI attended the Cine Las Americas International Film Festival on Tuesday, April 26 and watched the film “Boys of Summer.” I had never attended a small screening before and it was free, so I decided to go for it. The film was a documentary about a little league baseball team from Curacao. It offered an inside look at the coach, the sport, the players, the training, the season, and the culture of Curacao. In the beginning of the film I found myself drawn to the beauty of the country and the individuality of each player on the team and by the end, I was clinching my teeth hoping for a win in the championship game. There were three aspects that I contemplated upon after watching the film: unity, spreading of knowledge, and pride.\r\n\r\nUnity was quite apparent in the film. I noticed the unity of the players to perform, unity of families to support the team, and unity of the coaches and other coordinators of the team. Each of the players on the team was unique and had their own spot on the team. By spot I don’t just mean literal playing position i.e. pitcher. I also mean each player added something to the team characteristically. One of the pitchers, Junters, who was very talented, added responsibility and inspiration to the team. Another young boy, Dennis, added humor and comedic relief to the team. Each player with his unique personality and skill united the team as a whole so the chemistry was right for success. Families came together to support the team and even traveled overseas to support their children. Upon return from away games, those who did not travel waited at the airport or bus stop to hold a “welcome home” ceremony. Having support when on a journey for a certain goal is key in success and can aid in confidence. The coach of the team united with other coaches and coordinators of the team to have the best possible training for his team. The coach was close with an older man who was well known in the baseball world in Curacao and even had a room in the field house. He was a huge asset to the team because he brought wisdom and experience to share to the players. All of this unity synchronously added to the fire of the team and their drive to be World Champions.\r\n\r\nFrom the film watching experience, I realized the spreading of knowledge occurs more than we think. I had no idea what Curacao was prior “Boys of Summer” and I had little information about how intense the Little League is. I was able to see the culture of the country and see the logistics behind the Little League World Championship. My enrollment in this Humanities class opened my eyes to how much knowledge is out there to be discovered as well as how easy it is to go about finding it. From working on the time capsule projects, I have independently learned so much about four different artifacts I was clueless about before the class. I became aware that spreading knowledge is a positive action because it can allow for growth in the mind and character of a person. I realized it is viable to learn about unknown topics and now I am more likely to have an interest in new information.\r\n\r\nThe last aspect I observed in the documentary was pride. At the Little League games, you could see the different colors, flags, and signs of each section from a different country cheering for their team. There were also different chants being yelled and different national anthems sung. The people from Curacao had national pride and gladly stood behind their Little League team. Each team playing to become world champions represented their country. In a way, it was more than just a game of baseball. The teams reflected their own country’s strength. This is one of the reasons there was so much passion for the Curacao team to win. The high talent level and good sportsmanship of the Curacao team reflected a positive view of their country.\r\n\r\nOverall, I enjoyed the film and learned new things about foreign countries, the sport of baseball, and the independent film world. I took away more than I expected from the film. I enjoyed it so much that I would like to attend next year!','\"Boys of Summer\"','','inherit','open','open','','1492-revision-3','','','2011-05-16 13:45:44','2011-05-16 19:45:44','',1492,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1509',0,'revision','',0),(3477,1,'2013-10-14 12:41:28','2013-10-14 18:41:28','<p style=\"text-align: right;\" align=\"right\">Jordan Pinion</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" align=\"right\">9/23/13</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" align=\"right\">HUMA 1302-007</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\" align=\"right\">TCP2</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"center\">                <img alt=\"Breaking the 4th wall since 1632\" src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg/300px-The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"center\">      The Anatomy Lesson</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"center\"><a href=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg/300px-The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg\"><i>http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg/300px-The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg</i></a><i></i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"center\"><i> </i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Name: <i>The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp</i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">By: <i> </i>Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Date: 1632</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">       A step in a different direction from Rembrandt\'s typical biblical depictions, this piece depicts an anatomy lesson taught by one Nicolaes Tulp. At the time, live cadavers were only permitted to be used for dissection once a year, “The winder months were a useful time, since the bodies would keep better during the demonstrations that usually went on for several days.” (A.C.) What is most intriguing is Rembrandt\'s depiction of death, and the implications of the advancement of the sciences. The drama evoked by this piece is very much in line with the Baroque style of the time. This piece should be preserved not only for its textbook examples of Baroque styling, but for its insight into the emergence and widespread reception of the scientific revolution, which affects most everyone to this very day.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><!--more--></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">       The Netherlands of the time had just finished declaring their independence from a French monarchy, and the dutch way of life had already begun to represent itself as a large proponent of scientific discovery. “After thirty years of war to shake off the Spanish yoke, the seven northern provinces, including Holland, had gained their independence and established their right to     trade freely. Politically, the United Provinces were a fairly loose federation; religiously, they had embraced Calvinism; economically, they were going from strength to strength, largely as a result of their trading links with the East Indies and the West Indies. By the middle of the 17<sup>th</sup> century, half of Europe\'s trade was carried by Dutch ships.” (A.C.)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">       Holland (and most of Northern Europe at the time) was greatly influenced by the scientific revolution, but not simply by means of technological advancement. The scientific revolution had a profound influence on the artistic minds of the time as well, “In the cities of seventeenth-century Holland, where Dutch lens-makers had produced the first telescopes and microscopes, artists paid obsessive attention to the appearance of the natural world. In still lifes, portraits,    landscape, and scenes of everyday life-- all secular subjects-- Dutch masters practiced the \'art of describing\'”.  (Fiero)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><i>       The Anatomy Lesson</i> was actually a departure of the norm for Rembrandt, as he was mostly famous at the time for his work on portraits, though it definitely was one of his more lucrative commissions. His work was actually very typical of its era, and many believe that he was actually very heavily influenced by Peter Paul Rubens.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">       Both the Baroque style and the influences of the scientific revolution are very apparent in <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i>. “Some of these paintings,... reflect the Baroque fondness for colossal proportion and theatrical setting. Even in his smaller-sized group portraits, Rembrandt achieved a unity of dramatic effect typical of the Baroque style.” (Fiero) The stark contrast between lights and darks is a hallmark of the Baroque style, and at the same time, the “faces bear the force of individual personalities and the spirit of inquisitiveness peculiar to the Age of Science.” (Fiero)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">       “In 17<sup>th</sup> century Holland, group portraits were an immensely popular genre – they were a social institution, the symbol of an up-and-coming middle class.” (A.C.) Autopsies were a rarity during the time period, and to have the privilege of immortalizing this scene is amazing.  <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> stands out from its peers because of its almost expert use of Baroque styling, and its emphasis on the sciences as not only a worthwhile pursuit of knowledge, but also a potential object of beauty.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><i>       The Anatomy Lesson</i> was very well received for its time, as it appealed to much of both the medical, scientific and the artistic world. In addition to this, it was a departure from the portraiture form that Rembrandt was familiar with, showing that he was versatile as well as skillful. <i>The Anatomy </i>Lesson was one of Rembrandt\'s more profitable pieces. Rembrandt was actually paid commission by several of the patrons present in the piece, (most of which were not even medically inclined) so that they could be included in the work.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">       Today <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> has proven itself a work of art worth admiration. Of all the paintings by Rembrandt, it is certainly one of the most recognizable. “Far from not understanding the point of Professor Tulp’s anatomy lesson, Rembrandt has grasped its very essence. His painting, produced at a time of great historical, artistic, sociological, and epistemological developments, epitomizes the spirit of 17th-century Holland. Indeed, the artist’s concern with movement makes this painting the epitome of 17th-century European thinking: movement was central to the ideas of Descartes, Gassendi, Galileo, Leibniz, Newton - and Rembrandt.” (A.C.)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">       It has been stated though that this may not have been a “true” anatomy lesson, at least as far as it is known for them to operate at the time.  “The body has not been \'cut-up\' (which is the actual meaning of \'anatomy\' – from Greek <i>ana</i> – meaning up and <i>temnein- </i>to cut)”. (A.C.)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">       Personally, I admire the focus this piece emphasizes on the pursuit of science and knowledge. I especially liked how the doctors are depicted in the religiously appropriate dark clothing to indicate that this is a relatively somber occasion, yet still one of learning and exploration. The message of this piece I believe is that scientific and medical discoveries are on the up-turn. At roughly the same time <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> was being painted, Galileo was being put on trial for his scientific beliefs/discoveries.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">       Also a Dutch work <i>The Drawing Lesson</i> by Jan Steen is a good comparison of similar work of the time. It depicts a very crowded dutch art studio, in which two students are being taught by a drawing master. It is interesting to note that the students in this case, are two women.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">       Both pieces are excellent examples of the Baroque style, effectively using the contrast of light and shadow to lead the eye to the main scene. Light is not the only way that these pieces guide the eye though, as both paintings very effectively use composition and the very specific placement of objects/people in order to bring the piece together as a whole.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">       The differences between these two pieces seem to far outweigh the similarities. <i>The Drawing Lesson</i> by Jan Steen is exceptionally cluttered, which adds to its realism, but is in stark contrast to <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> which is almost spartan in its accessories. “Often humorous and anecdotal, Steen\'s painting are usually brilliant in composition. Here, he uses the canvas leaning on the trunk and the lute on the floor to lead our eyes into the scene.” (Fiero) <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> on the other hand uses almost purely the contrast of the dark background (which is almost unintelligible) with the light fullness of the faces present in order to draw the eye. “As in his religious compositions, he manipulates light for dramatic purposes: he spotlights the dissected corpse in the foreground and balances the darker area formed by the figure of the doctor with a triangle created by the brightly lit faces of the students (whose names appear on the piece of paper held by the central figure).” (Fiero)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">       What is most important about this work that future generations must be aware of it that this piece is a perfect representation of the Baroque style (and it often used to depict the style). In addition to this, the implications of scientific thought, exploration and discovery as not only a mainstay in the pursuit of knowledge, but also in the pursuit of artistic accuracy are enormous. More than anything, <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> screams that Science can be beautiful, and it is this lesson that I believe should be carried on to future generations.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">“Rembrandt van Rijn” <i>Encyclopedia Britannica Online. </i>Encyclopedia</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">            Encyclopedia Britannica Inc. 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">            Web. 23 September 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">            This is the encyclopedia entry specifically for Rembrandt himself, as opposed to <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i>. It was invaluable for its insight into the time period and into the artist.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">A.C. Masquelet “Rembrandt\'s Anatomy Lesson of Professor Nicolaes Tulp (1632)”</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><i>            </i>Corpus Maitri. Orthopaedic<i></i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">            Web. 23 Sep 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">            This source is a third party in-depth analysis of not only the work, but the works validity as an accurate representation of a medical autopsy. I used this source not so much for the argument that it presents, but more for the information garnered about the specific art style.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">“Rembrandt van Rijn” <i>Oxford Art Online</i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">            ACC Library Online Services, 2013.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">            Web. 26 Aug. 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">            A wealth of information on the life and times of the artist. It includes the full bodies of work created by Rembrandt, not just limited in scope of <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i>. This resource was very good for fleshing out major influencers, as well as public reception of the time.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Fiero, Gloria K. “<em>Humanistic Traditions Vol. 2”</em></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">McGraw Hill, 2011. E-Book</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Web. 1 Oct 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">            The e-book specifically for this course, filled with abundant amounts of information concerning not only the piece, but its creator, colleagues and comparative pieces. It proved invaluable for providing reception information, as well as comparisons.</p>','The Anatomy Lesson','','inherit','open','open','','3447-revision-v1','','','2013-10-14 12:41:28','2013-10-14 18:41:28','',3447,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=3477',0,'revision','',0),(3454,79,'2013-10-14 11:51:46','2013-10-14 17:51:46','<p style=\"text-align: right\" align=\"right\">Jordan Pinion</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: right\" align=\"right\">9/23/13</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: right\" align=\"right\">HUMA 1302-007</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: right\" align=\"right\">TCP2</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" align=\"center\">                <img alt=\"Breaking the 4th wall since 1632\" src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg/300px-The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" align=\"center\">      The Anatomy Lesson</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" align=\"center\"><a href=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg/300px-The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg\"><i>http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg/300px-The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg</i></a><i></i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" align=\"center\"><i> </i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Name: <i>The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp</i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">By: <i> </i>Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Date: 1632</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       A step in a different direction from Rembrandt\'s typical biblical depictions, this piece depicts an anatomy lesson taught by one Nicolaes Tulp. At the time, live cadavers were only permitted to be used for dissection once a year, “The winder months were a useful time, since the bodies would keep better during the demonstrations that usually went on for several days.” (A.C.) What is most intriguing is Rembrandt\'s depiction of death, and the implications of the advancement of the sciences. The drama evoked by this piece is very much in line with the Baroque style of the time. This piece should be preserved not only for its textbook examples of Baroque styling, but for its insight into the emergence and widespread reception of the scientific revolution, which affects most everyone to this very day.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><!--more--></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       The Netherlands of the time had just finished declaring their independence from a French monarchy, and the dutch way of life had already begun to represent itself as a large proponent of scientific discovery. “After thirty years of war to shake off the Spanish yoke, the seven northern provinces, including Holland, had gained their independence and established their right to     trade freely. Politically, the United Provinces were a fairly loose federation; religiously, they had embraced Calvinism; economically, they were going from strength to strength, largely as a result of their trading links with the East Indies and the West Indies. By the middle of the 17<sup>th</sup> century, half of Europe\'s trade was carried by Dutch ships.” (A.C.)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       Holland (and most of Northern Europe at the time) was greatly influenced by the scientific revolution, but not simply by means of technological advancement. The scientific revolution had a profound influence on the artistic minds of the time as well, “In the cities of seventeenth-century Holland, where Dutch lens-makers had produced the first telescopes and microscopes, artists paid obsessive attention to the appearance of the natural world. In still lifes, portraits,    landscape, and scenes of everyday life-- all secular subjects-- Dutch masters practiced the \'art of describing\'”.  (Fiero)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><i>       The Anatomy Lesson</i> was actually a departure of the norm for Rembrandt, as he was mostly famous at the time for his work on portraits, though it definitely was one of his more lucrative commissions. His work was actually very typical of its era, and many believe that he was actually very heavily influenced by Peter Paul Rubens.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       Both the Baroque style and the influences of the scientific revolution are very apparent in <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i>. “Some of these paintings,... reflect the Baroque fondness for colossal proportion and theatrical setting. Even in his smaller-sized group portraits, Rembrandt achieved a unity of dramatic effect typical of the Baroque style.” (Fiero) The stark contrast between lights and darks is a hallmark of the Baroque style, and at the same time, the “faces bear the force of individual personalities and the spirit of inquisitiveness peculiar to the Age of Science.” (Fiero)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       “In 17<sup>th</sup> century Holland, group portraits were an immensely popular genre – they were a social institution, the symbol of an up-and-coming middle class.” (A.C.) Autopsies were a rarity during the time period, and to have the privilege of immortalizing this scene is amazing.  <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> stands out from its peers because of its almost expert use of Baroque styling, and its emphasis on the sciences as not only a worthwhile pursuit of knowledge, but also a potential object of beauty.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><i>       The Anatomy Lesson</i> was very well received for its time, as it appealed to much of both the medical, scientific and the artistic world. In addition to this, it was a departure from the portraiture form that Rembrandt was familiar with, showing that he was versatile as well as skillful. <i>The Anatomy </i>Lesson was one of Rembrandt\'s more profitable pieces. Rembrandt was actually paid commission by several of the patrons present in the piece, (most of which were not even medically inclined) so that they could be included in the work.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       Today <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> has proven itself a work of art worth admiration. Of all the paintings by Rembrandt, it is certainly one of the most recognizable. “Far from not understanding the point of Professor Tulp’s anatomy lesson, Rembrandt has grasped its very essence. His painting, produced at a time of great historical, artistic, sociological, and epistemological developments, epitomizes the spirit of 17th-century Holland. Indeed, the artist’s concern with movement makes this painting the epitome of 17th-century European thinking: movement was central to the ideas of Descartes, Gassendi, Galileo, Leibniz, Newton - and Rembrandt.” (A.C.)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       It has been stated though that this may not have been a “true” anatomy lesson, at least as far as it is known for them to operate at the time.  “The body has not been \'cut-up\' (which is the actual meaning of \'anatomy\' – from Greek <i>ana</i> – meaning up and <i>temnein- </i>to cut)”. (A.C.)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       Personally, I admire the focus this piece emphasizes on the pursuit of science and knowledge. I especially liked how the doctors are depicted in the religiously appropriate dark clothing to indicate that this is a relatively somber occasion, yet still one of learning and exploration. The message of this piece I believe is that scientific and medical discoveries are on the up-turn. At roughly the same time <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> was being painted, Galileo was being put on trial for his scientific beliefs/discoveries.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       Also a Dutch work <i>The Drawing Lesson</i> by Jan Steen is a good comparison of similar work of the time. It depicts a very crowded dutch art studio, in which two students are being taught by a drawing master. It is interesting to note that the students in this case, are two women.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       Both pieces are excellent examples of the Baroque style, effectively using the contrast of light and shadow to lead the eye to the main scene. Light is not the only way that these pieces guide the eye though, as both paintings very effectively use composition and the very specific placement of objects/people in order to bring the piece together as a whole.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       The differences between these two pieces seem to far outweigh the similarities. <i>The Drawing Lesson</i> by Jan Steen is exceptionally cluttered, which adds to its realism, but is in stark contrast to <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> which is almost spartan in its accessories. “Often humorous and anecdotal, Steen\'s painting are usually brilliant in composition. Here, he uses the canvas leaning on the trunk and the lute on the floor to lead our eyes into the scene.” (Fiero) <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> on the other hand uses almost purely the contrast of the dark background (which is almost unintelligible) with the light fullness of the faces present in order to draw the eye. “As in his religious compositions, he manipulates light for dramatic purposes: he spotlights the dissected corpse in the foreground and balances the darker area formed by the figure of the doctor with a triangle created by the brightly lit faces of the students (whose names appear on the piece of paper held by the central figure).” (Fiero)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       What is most important about this work that future generations must be aware of it that this piece is a perfect representation of the Baroque style (and it often used to depict the style). In addition to this, the implications of scientific thought, exploration and discovery as not only a mainstay in the pursuit of knowledge, but also in the pursuit of artistic accuracy are enormous. More than anything, <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> screams that Science can be beautiful, and it is this lesson that I believe should be carried on to future generations.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">“Rembrandt van Rijn” <i>Encyclopedia Britannica Online. </i>Encyclopedia</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            Encyclopedia Britannica Inc. 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            Web. 23 September 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            This is the encyclopedia entry specifically for Rembrandt himself, as opposed to <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i>. It was invaluable for its insight into the time period and into the artist.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">A.C. Masquelet “Rembrandt\'s Anatomy Lesson of Professor Nicolaes Tulp (1632)”</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><i>            </i>Corpus Maitri. Orthopaedic<i></i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            Web. 23 Sep 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            This source is a third party in-depth analysis of not only the work, but the works validity as an accurate representation of a medical autopsy. I used this source not so much for the argument that it presents, but more for the information garnered about the specific art style.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">“Rembrandt van Rijn” <i>Oxford Art Online</i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            ACC Library Online Services, 2013.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            Web. 26 Aug. 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            A wealth of information on the life and times of the artist. It includes the full bodies of work created by Rembrandt, not just limited in scope of <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i>. This resource was very good for fleshing out major influencers, as well as public reception of the time.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Fiero, Gloria K. “<em>Humanistic Traditions Vol. 2”</em></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">McGraw Hill, 2011. E-Book</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Web. 1 Oct 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            The e-book specifically for this course, filled with abundant amounts of information concerning not only the piece, but its creator, colleagues and comparative pieces. It proved invaluable for providing reception information, as well as comparisons.</p>','The Anatomy Lesson','','inherit','open','open','','3447-revision-v1','','','2013-10-14 11:51:46','2013-10-14 17:51:46','',3447,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=3454',0,'revision','',0),(3453,79,'2013-10-14 11:51:40','2013-10-14 17:51:40','<p style=\"text-align: right\" align=\"right\">Jordan Pinion</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: right\" align=\"right\">9/23/13</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: right\" align=\"right\">HUMA 1302-007</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: right\" align=\"right\">TCP2</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" align=\"center\">                <img alt=\"Breaking the 4th wall since 1632\" src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg/300px-The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" align=\"center\">      The Anatomy Lesson</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" align=\"center\"><a href=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg/300px-The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg\"><i>http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg/300px-The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg</i></a><i></i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" align=\"center\"><i> </i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Name: <i>The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp</i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">By: <i> </i>Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Date: 1632</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       A step in a different direction from Rembrandt\'s typical biblical depictions, this piece depicts an anatomy lesson taught by one Nicolaes Tulp. At the time, live cadavers were only permitted to be used for dissection once a year, “The winder months were a useful time, since the bodies would keep better during the demonstrations that usually went on for several days.” (A.C.) What is most intriguing is Rembrandt\'s depiction of death, and the implications of the advancement of the sciences. The drama evoked by this piece is very much in line with the Baroque style of the time. This piece should be preserved not only for its textbook examples of Baroque styling, but for its insight into the emergence and widespread reception of the scientific revolution, which affects most everyone to this very day.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><!--more--></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       The Netherlands of the time had just finished declaring their independence from a French monarchy, and the dutch way of life had already begun to represent itself as a large proponent of scientific discovery. “After thirty years of war to shake off the Spanish yoke, the seven northern provinces, including Holland, had gained their independence and established their right to     trade freely. Politically, the United Provinces were a fairly loose federation; religiously, they had embraced Calvinism; economically, they were going from strength to strength, largely as a result of their trading links with the East Indies and the West Indies. By the middle of the 17<sup>th</sup> century, half of Europe\'s trade was carried by Dutch ships.” (A.C.)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       Holland (and most of Northern Europe at the time) was greatly influenced by the scientific revolution, but not simply by means of technological advancement. The scientific revolution had a profound influence on the artistic minds of the time as well, “In the cities of seventeenth-century Holland, where Dutch lens-makers had produced the first telescopes and microscopes, artists paid obsessive attention to the appearance of the natural world. In still lifes, portraits,    landscape, and scenes of everyday life-- all secular subjects-- Dutch masters practiced the \'art of describing\'”.  (Fiero)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><i>       The Anatomy Lesson</i> was actually a departure of the norm for Rembrandt, as he was mostly famous at the time for his work on portraits, though it definitely was one of his more lucrative commissions. His work was actually very typical of its era, and many believe that he was actually very heavily influenced by Peter Paul Rubens.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       Both the Baroque style and the influences of the scientific revolution are very apparent in <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i>. “Some of these paintings,... reflect the Baroque fondness for colossal proportion and theatrical setting. Even in his smaller-sized group portraits, Rembrandt achieved a unity of dramatic effect typical of the Baroque style.” (Fiero) The stark contrast between lights and darks is a hallmark of the Baroque style, and at the same time, the “faces bear the force of individual personalities and the spirit of inquisitiveness peculiar to the Age of Science.” (Fiero)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       “In 17<sup>th</sup> century Holland, group portraits were an immensely popular genre – they were a social institution, the symbol of an up-and-coming middle class.” (A.C.) Autopsies were a rarity during the time period, and to have the privilege of immortalizing this scene is amazing.  <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> stands out from its peers because of its almost expert use of Baroque styling, and its emphasis on the sciences as not only a worthwhile pursuit of knowledge, but also a potential object of beauty.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><i>       The Anatomy Lesson</i> was very well received for its time, as it appealed to much of both the medical, scientific and the artistic world. In addition to this, it was a departure from the portraiture form that Rembrandt was familiar with, showing that he was versatile as well as skillful. <i>The Anatomy </i>Lesson was one of Rembrandt\'s more profitable pieces. Rembrandt was actually paid commission by several of the patrons present in the piece, (most of which were not even medically inclined) so that they could be included in the work.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       Today <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> has proven itself a work of art worth admiration. Of all the paintings by Rembrandt, it is certainly one of the most recognizable. “Far from not understanding the point of Professor Tulp’s anatomy lesson, Rembrandt has grasped its very essence. His painting, produced at a time of great historical, artistic, sociological, and epistemological developments, epitomizes the spirit of 17th-century Holland. Indeed, the artist’s concern with movement makes this painting the epitome of 17th-century European thinking: movement was central to the ideas of Descartes, Gassendi, Galileo, Leibniz, Newton - and Rembrandt.” (A.C.)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       It has been stated though that this may not have been a “true” anatomy lesson, at least as far as it is known for them to operate at the time.  “The body has not been \'cut-up\' (which is the actual meaning of \'anatomy\' – from Greek <i>ana</i> – meaning up and <i>temnein- </i>to cut)”. (A.C.)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       Personally, I admire the focus this piece emphasizes on the pursuit of science and knowledge. I especially liked how the doctors are depicted in the religiously appropriate dark clothing to indicate that this is a relatively somber occasion, yet still one of learning and exploration. The message of this piece I believe is that scientific and medical discoveries are on the up-turn. At roughly the same time <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> was being painted, Galileo was being put on trial for his scientific beliefs/discoveries.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       Also a Dutch work <i>The Drawing Lesson</i> by Jan Steen is a good comparison of similar work of the time. It depicts a very crowded dutch art studio, in which two students are being taught by a drawing master. It is interesting to note that the students in this case, are two women.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       Both pieces are excellent examples of the Baroque style, effectively using the contrast of light and shadow to lead the eye to the main scene. Light is not the only way that these pieces guide the eye though, as both paintings very effectively use composition and the very specific placement of objects/people in order to bring the piece together as a whole.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       The differences between these two pieces seem to far outweigh the similarities. <i>The Drawing Lesson</i> by Jan Steen is exceptionally cluttered, which adds to its realism, but is in stark contrast to <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> which is almost spartan in its accessories. “Often humorous and anecdotal, Steen\'s painting are usually brilliant in composition. Here, he uses the canvas leaning on the trunk and the lute on the floor to lead our eyes into the scene.” (Fiero) <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> on the other hand uses almost purely the contrast of the dark background (which is almost unintelligible) with the light fullness of the faces present in order to draw the eye. “As in his religious compositions, he manipulates light for dramatic purposes: he spotlights the dissected corpse in the foreground and balances the darker area formed by the figure of the doctor with a triangle created by the brightly lit faces of the students (whose names appear on the piece of paper held by the central figure).” (Fiero)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       What is most important about this work that future generations must be aware of it that this piece is a perfect representation of the Baroque style (and it often used to depict the style). In addition to this, the implications of scientific thought, exploration and discovery as not only a mainstay in the pursuit of knowledge, but also in the pursuit of artistic accuracy are enormous. More than anything, <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> screams that Science can be beautiful, and it is this lesson that I believe should be carried on to future generations.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">“Rembrandt van Rijn” <i>Encyclopedia Britannica Online. </i>Encyclopedia</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            Encyclopedia Britannica Inc. 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            Web. 23 September 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            This is the encyclopedia entry specifically for Rembrandt himself, as opposed to <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i>. It was invaluable for its insight into the time period and into the artist.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">A.C. Masquelet “Rembrandt\'s Anatomy Lesson of Professor Nicolaes Tulp (1632)”</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><i>            </i>Corpus Maitri. Orthopaedic<i></i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            Web. 23 Sep 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            This source is a third party in-depth analysis of not only the work, but the works validity as an accurate representation of a medical autopsy. I used this source not so much for the argument that it presents, but more for the information garnered about the specific art style.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">“Rembrandt van Rijn” <i>Oxford Art Online</i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            ACC Library Online Services, 2013.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            Web. 26 Aug. 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            A wealth of information on the life and times of the artist. It includes the full bodies of work created by Rembrandt, not just limited in scope of <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i>. This resource was very good for fleshing out major influencers, as well as public reception of the time.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Fiero, Gloria K. “<em>Humanistic Traditions Vol. 2”</em></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">McGraw Hill, 2011. E-Book</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Web. 1 Oct 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            The e-book specifically for this course, filled with abundant amounts of information concerning not only the piece, but its creator, colleagues and comparative pieces. It proved invaluable for providing reception information, as well as comparisons.</p>','The Anatomy Lesson','','inherit','open','open','','3447-revision-v1','','','2013-10-14 11:51:40','2013-10-14 17:51:40','',3447,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=3453',0,'revision','',0),(3452,79,'2013-10-14 11:50:30','2013-10-14 17:50:30','<p style=\"text-align: center\" align=\"right\"></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: right\" align=\"right\">Jordan Pinion</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: right\" align=\"right\">9/23/13</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: right\" align=\"right\">HUMA 1302-007</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: right\" align=\"right\">TCP2</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" align=\"center\">                <img class=\"alignnone\" alt=\"Breaking the 4th wall since 1632\" src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg/300px-The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" align=\"center\">      The Anatomy Lesson</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" align=\"center\"><a href=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg/300px-The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg\"><i>http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg/300px-The_Anatomy_Lesson.jpg</i></a><i></i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" align=\"center\"><i> </i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Name: <i>The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp</i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">By: <i> </i>Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Date: 1632</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       A step in a different direction from Rembrandt\'s typical biblical depictions, this piece depicts an anatomy lesson taught by one Nicolaes Tulp. At the time, live cadavers were only permitted to be used for dissection once a year, “The winder months were a useful time, since the bodies would keep better during the demonstrations that usually went on for several days.” (A.C.) What is most intriguing is Rembrandt\'s depiction of death, and the implications of the advancement of the sciences. The drama evoked by this piece is very much in line with the Baroque style of the time. This piece should be preserved not only for its textbook examples of Baroque styling, but for its insight into the emergence and widespread reception of the scientific revolution, which affects most everyone to this very day.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><!--more--></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       The Netherlands of the time had just finished declaring their independence from a French monarchy, and the dutch way of life had already begun to represent itself as a large proponent of scientific discovery. “After thirty years of war to shake off the Spanish yoke, the seven northern provinces, including Holland, had gained their independence and established their right to     trade freely. Politically, the United Provinces were a fairly loose federation; religiously, they had embraced Calvinism; economically, they were going from strength to strength, largely as a result of their trading links with the East Indies and the West Indies. By the middle of the 17<sup>th</sup> century, half of Europe\'s trade was carried by Dutch ships.” (A.C.)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       Holland (and most of Northern Europe at the time) was greatly influenced by the scientific revolution, but not simply by means of technological advancement. The scientific revolution had a profound influence on the artistic minds of the time as well, “In the cities of seventeenth-century Holland, where Dutch lens-makers had produced the first telescopes and microscopes, artists paid obsessive attention to the appearance of the natural world. In still lifes, portraits,    landscape, and scenes of everyday life-- all secular subjects-- Dutch masters practiced the \'art of describing\'”.  (Fiero)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><i>       The Anatomy Lesson</i> was actually a departure of the norm for Rembrandt, as he was mostly famous at the time for his work on portraits, though it definitely was one of his more lucrative commissions. His work was actually very typical of its era, and many believe that he was actually very heavily influenced by Peter Paul Rubens.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       Both the Baroque style and the influences of the scientific revolution are very apparent in <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i>. “Some of these paintings,... reflect the Baroque fondness for colossal proportion and theatrical setting. Even in his smaller-sized group portraits, Rembrandt achieved a unity of dramatic effect typical of the Baroque style.” (Fiero) The stark contrast between lights and darks is a hallmark of the Baroque style, and at the same time, the “faces bear the force of individual personalities and the spirit of inquisitiveness peculiar to the Age of Science.” (Fiero)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       “In 17<sup>th</sup> century Holland, group portraits were an immensely popular genre – they were a social institution, the symbol of an up-and-coming middle class.” (A.C.) Autopsies were a rarity during the time period, and to have the privilege of immortalizing this scene is amazing.  <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> stands out from its peers because of its almost expert use of Baroque styling, and its emphasis on the sciences as not only a worthwhile pursuit of knowledge, but also a potential object of beauty.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><i>       The Anatomy Lesson</i> was very well received for its time, as it appealed to much of both the medical, scientific and the artistic world. In addition to this, it was a departure from the portraiture form that Rembrandt was familiar with, showing that he was versatile as well as skillful. <i>The Anatomy </i>Lesson was one of Rembrandt\'s more profitable pieces. Rembrandt was actually paid commission by several of the patrons present in the piece, (most of which were not even medically inclined) so that they could be included in the work.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       Today <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> has proven itself a work of art worth admiration. Of all the paintings by Rembrandt, it is certainly one of the most recognizable. “Far from not understanding the point of Professor Tulp’s anatomy lesson, Rembrandt has grasped its very essence. His painting, produced at a time of great historical, artistic, sociological, and epistemological developments, epitomizes the spirit of 17th-century Holland. Indeed, the artist’s concern with movement makes this painting the epitome of 17th-century European thinking: movement was central to the ideas of Descartes, Gassendi, Galileo, Leibniz, Newton - and Rembrandt.” (A.C.)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       It has been stated though that this may not have been a “true” anatomy lesson, at least as far as it is known for them to operate at the time.  “The body has not been \'cut-up\' (which is the actual meaning of \'anatomy\' – from Greek <i>ana</i> – meaning up and <i>temnein- </i>to cut)”. (A.C.)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       Personally, I admire the focus this piece emphasizes on the pursuit of science and knowledge. I especially liked how the doctors are depicted in the religiously appropriate dark clothing to indicate that this is a relatively somber occasion, yet still one of learning and exploration. The message of this piece I believe is that scientific and medical discoveries are on the up-turn. At roughly the same time <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> was being painted, Galileo was being put on trial for his scientific beliefs/discoveries.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       Also a Dutch work <i>The Drawing Lesson</i> by Jan Steen is a good comparison of similar work of the time. It depicts a very crowded dutch art studio, in which two students are being taught by a drawing master. It is interesting to note that the students in this case, are two women.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       Both pieces are excellent examples of the Baroque style, effectively using the contrast of light and shadow to lead the eye to the main scene. Light is not the only way that these pieces guide the eye though, as both paintings very effectively use composition and the very specific placement of objects/people in order to bring the piece together as a whole.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       The differences between these two pieces seem to far outweigh the similarities. <i>The Drawing Lesson</i> by Jan Steen is exceptionally cluttered, which adds to its realism, but is in stark contrast to <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> which is almost spartan in its accessories. “Often humorous and anecdotal, Steen\'s painting are usually brilliant in composition. Here, he uses the canvas leaning on the trunk and the lute on the floor to lead our eyes into the scene.” (Fiero) <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> on the other hand uses almost purely the contrast of the dark background (which is almost unintelligible) with the light fullness of the faces present in order to draw the eye. “As in his religious compositions, he manipulates light for dramatic purposes: he spotlights the dissected corpse in the foreground and balances the darker area formed by the figure of the doctor with a triangle created by the brightly lit faces of the students (whose names appear on the piece of paper held by the central figure).” (Fiero)</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">       What is most important about this work that future generations must be aware of it that this piece is a perfect representation of the Baroque style (and it often used to depict the style). In addition to this, the implications of scientific thought, exploration and discovery as not only a mainstay in the pursuit of knowledge, but also in the pursuit of artistic accuracy are enormous. More than anything, <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i> screams that Science can be beautiful, and it is this lesson that I believe should be carried on to future generations.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><i></i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">“Rembrandt van Rijn” <i>Encyclopedia Britannica Online. </i>Encyclopedia</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            Encyclopedia Britannica Inc. 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            Web. 23 September 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            This is the encyclopedia entry specifically for Rembrandt himself, as opposed to <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i>. It was invaluable for its insight into the time period and into the artist.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">A.C. Masquelet “Rembrandt\'s Anatomy Lesson of Professor Nicolaes Tulp (1632)”</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><i>            </i>Corpus Maitri. Orthopaedic<i></i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            Web. 23 Sep 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            This source is a third party in-depth analysis of not only the work, but the works validity as an accurate representation of a medical autopsy. I used this source not so much for the argument that it presents, but more for the information garnered about the specific art style.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">“Rembrandt van Rijn” <i>Oxford Art Online</i></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            ACC Library Online Services, 2013.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            Web. 26 Aug. 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            A wealth of information on the life and times of the artist. It includes the full bodies of work created by Rembrandt, not just limited in scope of <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i>. This resource was very good for fleshing out major influencers, as well as public reception of the time.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Fiero, Gloria K. “<em>Humanistic Traditions Vol. 2”</em></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">McGraw Hill, 2011. E-Book</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Web. 1 Oct 2013</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">            The e-book specifically for this course, filled with abundant amounts of information concerning not only the piece, but its creator, colleagues and comparative pieces. It proved invaluable for providing reception information, as well as comparisons.</p>','The Anatomy Lesson','','inherit','open','open','','3447-revision-v1','','','2013-10-14 11:50:30','2013-10-14 17:50:30','',3447,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=3452',0,'revision','',0),(1515,19,'2011-05-16 20:10:18','2011-05-17 02:10:18','El Museo de Cuatro\r\n\r\nHere in the astoundingly gorgeous Museo de Cuatro you will find four of the most beautiful, interesting, enlightening and respective works of art in history.  Our featured works of art will include <em>The Meditations</em> by Marcus Aurelius, The Church of St. Marie Madeleine, Michelangelo’s David and last but not least<em>, The Tale of Genji</em>, written by Murasaki Shikibu.  Located on entirely half the west end of the ship, El Museo de Cuatro will resemble architecture that of the famous Louvre, located in Paris, France.  Not quite as large yet still distinctly beautiful, it incorporates the same feel of great artistic expression.  When you approach El Museo De Cuatro, you will notice the large fountains surrounding our amazing glass pyramid coming from our influence with the Louvre, though originally coming from ancient Egyptian influence.  As you enter the front doors you will notice four long hallways flowing left, right and two diagonally ahead similar to the Louvre.  <!--more-->Each hallway will lead to one of the four artworks featured in our museum.  You will notice the elementary yet interesting artistic expressions along each hallway when you decide on one.  Here on our ship we encourage artistic expression from not only all of our visitors but all of our passengers on our ship.  We supply the guests aboard our ship with supplies needed for that person to voluntarily express themselves in our museum without dishonoring the featured artworks found deep in our museum.  It resembles the ability in everybody to express themselves regardless of ability and is a very important part of our museum.  As you approach either door to a featured work you might notice the rather large men guarding the entrance.  These men are highly trained in all forms of defense and all stand a towering 7’8’’ tall, and weigh an outstanding 400 pounds.  Obviously these are not our only forms of security yet it does quickly change anyone’s thought of attempt of theft.  Other security information cannot be mentioned considering it is highly confidential information for the simple fact the technology of this security is highly imaginable.  Although it is still completely impossible to get past this security system so we will share with you anyway.  There are microscopic cameras covering every single millimeter of the museum in high definition picture, so nothing goes unseen.  These cameras of course are connected to high speed recorders that are enabled to recognize suspicious activity here in the museum.  Once the museum is closed at the end of the night, the laser security system will take effect, creating beams of light measuring at 20,000 degrees F., that cover the entire area of each hallway from floor to vaulted ceiling.  That will conclude our description of security for other information is necessary to keep confidential.  We hold these four works in our museum very highly and go to all heights to ensure their protection.\r\n\r\nAs you enter El Museo de Cuatro down the first hallway to the left you will find preserved the original writings of Marcus Aurelius’ <em>The Meditations</em>.  This collection of the former Roman emperor’s thoughts, ideas and emotions, is considered one of the most influential writings in philosophy.  The original writings themselves are located in a large case made from a rather large clear cut diamond, making the case itself clearly visible and completely inaccessible.  Also available there is a virtual reality presentation where it will seem as though you are sitting in a classroom in ancient Rome, listening to Marcus Aurelius read his words.\r\n\r\nRecorded almost as a daily journal, The Meditations describes the emperor’s way of life from when he was raised to his days as the leader of the Roman Empire.  He also offers insight into how he believes one should live their life.  In this passage he speaks on the influence of his governor, “from him too I learned endurance of labor, and to want little, and to work with my own hands, and not to meddle with other people\'s affairs, and not to be ready to listen to slander,” (Marcus Aurelius: <em>The Meditations</em>).  This quote I particularly enjoy.  During the creation of this work, Rome was establishing their imperialism throughout Europe.  Ethics was a topic of popularity in writing during this time and previously as well with ancient Greek philosophy.  The ideas presented by Aurelius in <em>The Meditations</em> were innovative for their time and for future generations.  These readings inspired the thoughts of enlightenment and integrity, two virtues that are held highly in any society.  They also encouraged reason over conflict and the idea that life itself should be valued most.  Years from now it will be important to remember these words from Marcus Aurelius because of their ethical influence on society.  He wrote these words for people to not just read but to live by as well, therefore it will preserved here for viewing.\r\n\r\nAs you enter the next hallway to the right you will head down to the Church of St. Marie Madeleine.  This you will find is the largest part of the museum in order to incorporate the large size of the church.  Of course this is not the actual original building itself but a highly detailed replica of the first.  So detailed in fact you will feel as though you entered the actual cathedral.  Built between 1104 and 1132 in Vezelay, France, this beautiful architectural achievement was constructed during the Romanesque period.  Stone-Vaulting was a particularly popular form of architecture in churches during this time and is displayed throughout the Church of St. Marie Madeleine.  This form of construction was also considered highly innovative for its time and continued to be until later styles were discovered in the Renasissance era.  It was discovered through Norman Masonry, which was very well known during this period (Fiero: The Humanistic Tradition).  This work is preserved for future generations to enjoy and appreciate the beauty and hard work needed to construct the church.\r\n\r\nAs you proceed down the next hallway to the right you will make your way down to the famous statue of David, created by Michelangelo.  You will find that it is his original work preserved, standing sixteen feet high.  Sculpted between 1501 and 1504, Michelangelo was at the young age of only twenty seven.  He mastered the form of contrappasto, which was very famous during this time.  The renaissance represented a period of reformation following the middle ages, concentrating highly on humanism and experimentalism, which would create vast new techniques in art.  It is important for future generations to view this work of art and appreciate the amazing technique and detail shown in the sculpture.\r\n\r\nAs you make your way down our final hallway to the right you will view the famous writing of Murasaki Shikibu, <em>The Tale of Genji</em>.  Preserved in its original form in a large case identical to <em>The Meditations</em>, you will be able to view the work in a similar virtual presentation.  Popular at the time was stories of the aristocratic societies of Japan, as shown in this writing.  Female members of this society were highly respected and even without scholarly education were able to create works like this one.  This particular work is considered to be the first actual form of a novel ever written.  Considered very innovative for this reason, it influenced the creation of literature for years to come.  We have preserved it here for our viewers to appreciate was has influenced so many amazing literal achievements through the years.\r\n\r\nHere on this ship and especially in our museum we expect people to act and interact appropriately and intelligently.  It is important as you interact on our ship and in the museum that present yourself articulately and in a well-mannered fashion.  We find it very important that everyone appreciate these works and discuss them as much and as freely as possible.  Enjoy your visit to the now famous, El Museo de Cuatro.\r\n\r\nWorks Cited:\r\n\r\nAurelius, Marcus.  “<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Marcus Aurelius’ The Meditations.</span>”\r\n\r\nFiero, K Gloria.  “<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">The Humanistic Tradition.”</span>','Final Project','','publish','open','open','','final-project-5','','','2011-05-16 20:45:11','2011-05-17 02:45:11','',0,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1515',0,'post','',1),(1516,19,'2011-05-16 20:09:21','2011-05-17 02:09:21','','Final Project','','inherit','open','open','','1515-revision','','','2011-05-16 20:09:21','2011-05-17 02:09:21','',1515,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1516',0,'revision','',0),(1518,38,'2011-05-17 12:31:13','2011-05-17 18:31:13','Desiderius Erasmus was considered a Northern Humanist during the Renaissance era. The term Renaissance is a translation from the Italian word “Rinascita”, meaning “rebirth”. It was considered the rebirth of Old Roman and Greek civilization. Thought to have ended in 1527 with the sack of Rome by Charles V, HRE (Holy Roman Emperor). (http://ap_history_online.tripod.com/apeh2.htm)\r\n\r\n<!--more-->\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">The Praise of Folly</span> was written by Desiderius Erasmus in summer of 1509.\r\n\r\nDesiderius took a two month long journey from Italy to England arriving to the Old Barge in Bucklersbury, London. This was the home of Sir Thomas More, a close friend of Erasmus. According to Clarence Miller (translator and commentator for Praise of Folly into English), Erasmus was confined in Bucklersbury to recover from a kidney ailment, and this is where the great work was born.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe term “folly” was used as a synonym for “human nature”.  The Praise of Folly was a satire written as harmless enjoyment about things that were wrong and needed to be changed.\r\n\r\n“At first the book makes kindly and approving fun of the ways of action and\r\n\r\nweakness of mankind. It is not moderant, only amused. But gradually from\r\n\r\nfools innocent and natural and undebased, it passes to those whose illusions\r\n\r\nare vicious in setting and results.” (Taylor, 175)\r\n\r\nIn Folly young women are perceived as  young and vivacious. They are described  described as being nursed by drunkeness and ignorance. Young women represent freedom, youth, care, happiness, and vitality. She is positively influenced with self-love, flattery, and pleasure.  With such qualities they are able to influence their men. The Men are fierce leaders and are perceived as carefree and frivolous. Erasmus also makes reference to light and beautiful equating to young and dark and ugly to old.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nErasmus’ work was controversial in its time, since in this satire he also addresses monks and priests as being no better than any other man. He goes on t o describe monks and theologians religious views serve as a way to divide rather than unite Christians. He even describes Jesus as being a divine fool for sacrificing himself for humanity.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe Renaissance period also produced other great works like  Sir Thomas More’s Utopia. More was considered an English Humanist.  In More’s Utopia, he describes an ideal state through a sailor who is the  fictitious main character. More based the sailor’s age on his own and compares his ideal of what life is like in a Utopia to his reality of life in England, which was described as harsh. In Utopia, life is easy. The economy is well thought out and utilized. Property is held in common, making Utopia a commonwealth.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nI feel that The Praise of Folly should be preserved because it entertains. It also shows that old and young were perceived the same way as they are today. Young equals useful and full of life, and old is useless and lifeless.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-size: 26px; font-weight: bold;\">Works Cited</span>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nTaylor, H.O. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Thought and Expression in the Sixteenth Century</span>. New York: McMillan, 1920, Vol.1\r\n\r\nErasmus, Desiderius. Translated and an Introduction and Commentary by Miller, Clarence H. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">The Praise of Folly.</span> New Haven: Yale University Press, 1979.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://ap_history_online.tripod.com/apeh2.htm\">http://ap_history_online.tripod.com/apeh2.htm</a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://teaattrianon.blogspot.com/2010/11/in-praise-of-folly.html\">http://teaattrianon.blogspot.com/2010/11/in-praise-of-folly.html</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','The Praise of Folly','','publish','open','open','','the-praise-of-folly','','','2011-05-17 13:37:08','2011-05-17 19:37:08','',0,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1518',0,'post','',0),(1517,1,'2011-05-16 20:10:18','2011-05-17 02:10:18','El Museo de Cuatro\r\n\r\n            Here in the astoundingly gorgeous Museo de Cuatro you will find four of the most beautiful, interesting, enlightening and respective works of art in history.  Our featured works of art will include <em>The Meditations</em> by Marcus Aurelius, The Church of St. Marie Madeleine, Michelangelo’s David and last but not least<em>, The Tale of Genji</em>, written by Murasaki Shikibu.  Located on entirely half the west end of the ship, El Museo de Cuatro will resemble architecture that of the famous Louvre, located in Paris, France.  Not quite as large yet still distinctly beautiful, it incorporates the same feel of great artistic expression.  When you approach El Museo De Cuatro, you will notice the large fountains surrounding our amazing glass pyramid coming from our influence with the Louvre, though originally coming from ancient Egyptian influence.  As you enter the front doors you will notice four long hallways flowing left, right and two diagonally ahead similar to the Louvre.  Each hallway will lead to one of the four artworks featured in our museum.  You will notice the elementary yet interesting artistic expressions along each hallway when you decide on one.  Here on our ship we encourage artistic expression from not only all of our visitors but all of our passengers on our ship.  We supply the guests aboard our ship with supplies needed for that person to voluntarily express themselves in our museum without dishonoring the featured artworks found deep in our museum.  It resembles the ability in everybody to express themselves regardless of ability and is a very important part of our museum.  As you approach either door to a featured work you might notice the rather large men guarding the entrance.  These men are highly trained in all forms of defense and all stand a towering 7’8’’ tall, and weigh an outstanding 400 pounds.  Obviously these are not our only forms of security yet it does quickly change anyone’s thought of attempt of theft.  Other security information cannot be mentioned considering it is highly confidential information for the simple fact the technology of this security is highly imaginable.  Although it is still completely impossible to get past this security system so we will share with you anyway.  There are microscopic cameras covering every single millimeter of the museum in high definition picture, so nothing goes unseen.  These cameras of course are connected to high speed recorders that are enabled to recognize suspicious activity here in the museum.  Once the museum is closed at the end of the night, the laser security system will take effect, creating beams of light measuring at 20,000 degrees F., that cover the entire area of each hallway from floor to vaulted ceiling.  That will conclude our description of security for other information is necessary to keep confidential.  We hold these four works in our museum very highly and go to all heights to ensure their protection. \r\n\r\n            As you enter El Museo de Cuatro down the first hallway to the left you will find preserved the original writings of Marcus Aurelius’ <em>The Meditations</em>.  This collection of the former Roman emperor’s thoughts, ideas and emotions, is considered one of the most influential writings in philosophy.  The original writings themselves are located in a large case made from a rather large clear cut diamond, making the case itself clearly visible and completely inaccessible.  Also available there is a virtual reality presentation where it will seem as though you are sitting in a classroom in ancient Rome, listening to Marcus Aurelius read his words. \r\n\r\nRecorded almost as a daily journal, The Meditations describes the emperor’s way of life from when he was raised to his days as the leader of the Roman Empire.  He also offers insight into how he believes one should live their life.  In this passage he speaks on the influence of his governor, “from him too I learned endurance of labor, and to want little, and to work with my own hands, and not to meddle with other people\'s affairs, and not to be ready to listen to slander,” (Marcus Aurelius: <em>The Meditations</em>).  This quote I particularly enjoy.  During the creation of this work, Rome was establishing their imperialism throughout Europe.  Ethics was a topic of popularity in writing during this time and previously as well with ancient Greek philosophy.  The ideas presented by Aurelius in <em>The Meditations</em> were innovative for their time and for future generations.  These readings inspired the thoughts of enlightenment and integrity, two virtues that are held highly in any society.  They also encouraged reason over conflict and the idea that life itself should be valued most.  Years from now it will be important to remember these words from Marcus Aurelius because of their ethical influence on society.  He wrote these words for people to not just read but to live by as well, therefore it will preserved here for viewing.\r\n\r\nAs you enter the next hallway to the right you will head down to the Church of St. Marie Madeleine.  This you will find is the largest part of the museum in order to incorporate the large size of the church.  Of course this is not the actual original building itself but a highly detailed replica of the first.  So detailed in fact you will feel as though you entered the actual cathedral.  Built between 1104 and 1132 in Vezelay, France, this beautiful architectural achievement was constructed during the Romanesque period.  Stone-Vaulting was a particularly popular form of architecture in churches during this time and is displayed throughout the Church of St. Marie Madeleine.  This form of construction was also considered highly innovative for its time and continued to be until later styles were discovered in the Renasissance era.  It was discovered through Norman Masonry, which was very well known during this period (Fiero: The Humanistic Tradition).  This work is preserved for future generations to enjoy and appreciate the beauty and hard work needed to construct the church. \r\n\r\nAs you proceed down the next hallway to the right you will make your way down to the famous statue of David, created by Michelangelo.  You will find that it is his original work preserved, standing sixteen feet high.  Sculpted between 1501 and 1504, Michelangelo was at the young age of only twenty seven.  He mastered the form of contrappasto, which was very famous during this time.  The renaissance represented a period of reformation following the middle ages, concentrating highly on humanism and experimentalism, which would create vast new techniques in art.  It is important for future generations to view this work of art and appreciate the amazing technique and detail shown in the sculpture. \r\n\r\nAs you make your way down our final hallway to the right you will view the famous writing of Murasaki Shikibu, <em>The Tale of Genji</em>.  Preserved in its original form in a large case identical to <em>The Meditations</em>, you will be able to view the work in a similar virtual presentation.  Popular at the time was stories of the aristocratic societies of Japan, as shown in this writing.  Female members of this society were highly respected and even without scholarly education were able to create works like this one.  This particular work is considered to be the first actual form of a novel ever written.  Considered very innovative for this reason, it influenced the creation of literature for years to come.  We have preserved it here for our viewers to appreciate was has influenced so many amazing literal achievements through the years.\r\n\r\nHere on this ship and especially in our museum we expect people to act and interact appropriately and intelligently.  It is important as you interact on our ship and in the museum that present yourself articulately and in a well-mannered fashion.  We find it very important that everyone appreciate these works and discuss them as much and as freely as possible.  Enjoy your visit to the now famous, El Museo de Cuatro. \r\n\r\nWorks Cited:\r\n\r\nAurelius, Marcus.  “<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Marcus Aurelius’ The Meditations.</span>”\r\n\r\nFiero, K Gloria.  “<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The Humanistic Tradition.”</span>','Final Project','','inherit','open','open','','1515-revision-2','','','2011-05-16 20:10:18','2011-05-17 02:10:18','',1515,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1517',0,'revision','',0),(1519,38,'2011-05-17 12:30:45','2011-05-17 18:30:45','&nbsp;\n\nThe Praise of Folly\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\nDesiderius Erasmus was considered a Northern Humanist during the Renaissance era. The term Renaissance is a translation from the Italian word “Rinascita”, meaning “rebirth”. It was considered the rebirth of Old Roman and Greek civilization. Thought to have ended in 1527 with the sack of Rome by Charles V, HRE (Holy Roman Emperor). (http://ap_history_online.tripod.com/apeh2.htm)\n\n&nbsp;\n\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The Praise of Folly</span> was written by Desiderius Erasmus in summer of 1509.\n\nDesiderius took a two month long journey from Italy to England arriving to the Old Barge in Bucklersbury, London. This was the home of Sir Thomas More, a close friend of Erasmus. According to Clarence Miller (translator and commentator for Praise of Folly into English), Erasmus was confined in Bucklersbury to recover from a kidney ailment, and this is where the great work was born.\n\n&nbsp;\n\nThe term “folly” was used as a synonym for “human nature”.  The Praise of Folly was a satire written as harmless enjoyment about things that were wrong and needed to be changed.\n\n“At first the book makes kindly and approving fun of the ways of action and\n\nweakness of mankind. It is not moderant, only amused. But gradually from\n\nfools innocent and natural and undebased, it passes to those whose illusions\n\nare vicious in setting and results.” (Taylor, 175)\n\nIn Folly young women are perceived as  young and vivacious. They are described  described as being nursed by drunkeness and ignorance. Young women represent freedom, youth, care, happiness, and vitality. She is positively influenced with self-love, flattery, and pleasure.  With such qualities they are able to influence their men. The Men are fierce leaders and are perceived as carefree and frivolous. Erasmus also makes reference to light and beautiful equating to young and dark and ugly to old.\n\n&nbsp;\n\nErasmus’ work was controversial in its time, since in this satire he also addresses monks and priests as being no better than any other man. He goes on t o describe monks and theologians religious views serve as a way to divide rather than unite Christians. He even describes Jesus as being a divine fool for sacrificing himself for humanity.\n\n&nbsp;\n\nThe Renaissance period also produced other great works like  Sir Thomas More’s Utopia. More was considered an English Humanist.  In More’s Utopia, he describes an ideal state through a sailor who is the  fictitious main character. More based the sailor’s age on his own and compares his ideal of what life is like in a Utopia to his reality of life in England, which was described as harsh. In Utopia, life is easy. The economy is well thought out and utilized. Property is held in common, making Utopia a commonwealth.\n\n&nbsp;\n\nI feel that The Praise of Folly should be preserved because it entertains. It also shows that old and young were perceived the same way as they are today. Young equals useful and full of life, and old is useless and lifeless.\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n<h1>Works Cited</h1>\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\nTaylor, H.O. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Thought and Expression in the Sixteenth Century</span>. New York: McMillan, 1920, Vol.1\n\nErasmus, Desiderius. Translated and an Introduction and Commentary by Miller, Clarence H. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The Praise of Folly.</span> New Haven: Yale University Press, 1979.\n\n<a href=\"http://ap_history_online.tripod.com/apeh2.htm\">http://ap_history_online.tripod.com/apeh2.htm</a>\n\n<a href=\"http://teaattrianon.blogspot.com/2010/11/in-praise-of-folly.html\">http://teaattrianon.blogspot.com/2010/11/in-praise-of-folly.html</a>\n\n&nbsp;','The Praise of Folly','','inherit','open','open','','1518-revision','','','2011-05-17 12:30:45','2011-05-17 18:30:45','',1518,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1519',0,'revision','',0),(1523,38,'2011-05-17 12:32:42','2011-05-17 18:32:42','The Aztec Calendar Stone was discovered in the approximately the middle of the 17<sup>th</sup> Century in the Zocalo, which is the Central Plaza of Mexico City. The Stone was carved shortly after 1502. The enormous stone measures thirteen feet in diameter and weighs twenty-four tons. The large stone is made of basaltic porphyry, which is “a basalt characterized by prominent phenocrysts of olivine or augite.” (Merriam-Webster)\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe Aztec Calendar Stone has several calendars integrated into one large calendar. It is comprised of “…highly-developed mathematical calculations, astronomy, astrology, myth, and religion.” (Waters)\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe Aztec Calendar Stone was popular and used by the Aztecs and the Mayans for tracking moon cycles.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are two major calendars the first is called The Xiuhpohauli and the second is called The Tonalpohauli.\r\n\r\nThe Xiuhpohauli is counting of years. This version is made up of 365 days. This version is made up 365 days. The calendar was useful for weather predictions and farming. This would be equivalent to the modern day almanac. The 365 days was broken down to “…18 months of 20 days, or 4 (5 day) weeks.” (<a href=\"http://www.aztec-history.com\">www.aztec-history.com</a>)\r\n\r\nThe Tonalpohauli is considered the Sacred calendar, it is comprised of 13\r\n\r\nnumber and 20 day signs.\r\n\r\n“Each of the days was governed by a deity, as shown in the fifth column of the\r\n\r\ntable, who influenced it for good or evil. The Mayas regarded the days\r\n\r\ndays themselves as gods, the glyphs for the day names being stylized portraits\r\n\r\nor pictures of the attributes of these gods. The numbers 1 to 13 were also\r\n\r\npersonalized as the heads of the gods the represented.” (Waters, 220)\r\n\r\nThe following is a partial table of what Waters was referring in the above quote:\r\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"900\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">No.</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Nuahuatl   Name</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Sign</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Direction</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Deity</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">1</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Cipactl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Crocodile</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">E</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Tonacatecuhtli,   god of procreation</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">2</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Ehecatl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Wind</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">N</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Quetzalcoatl   as wind god</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">3</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Calli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">House   or Temple</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">W</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Tepeyollotl,   heart of the mountain</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">4</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Quetzpalin</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Lizard</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">S</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Huehuecoyotl,   god of dance</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">5</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Coatl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Snake</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">E</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Chalchihuitlicue,   water goddess</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">6</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Mizquiztli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Death</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">N</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Teciztecatl,   moon goddess</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">7</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Mazatl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Deer</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">W</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Tlaloc,   god of rain</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">8</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Tochtli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Rabbit</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">S</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Mayahuel,   goddess of maguey</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">9</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Atl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Water</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">E</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Xiuhtecuhtli,   god of fire</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">10</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Itzcuintli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Dog</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">N</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Mictlantecuhtli,   god of death</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">11</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Ozmatli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Monkey</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">W</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Xochipilli,   god of flowers</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">12</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Malnalli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Grass</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">S</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Patecatl,   god of pulque</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">13</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Acatl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Reed</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">E</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Tezcatlipoca</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">1</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Ocelotl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Jaguar</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">N</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Tlacolteotl,   earth goddess</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">2</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Cuauhtli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Eagle</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">W</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Tezcatlipoca-Xipe   Totec</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">3</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Cozcaquahtli</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Vulture</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">S</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Itzpapalotl,   obsidian butterfly</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">4</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Ollin</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Movement</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">E</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Xolotl-Nanahuatzin</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">5</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Tecpatl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Flint   Knife</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">N</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Chalchiuhtotlin</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">6</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Quiahuitl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Rain</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">W</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Tonatiuh,   the solar god</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">7</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Xochitl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Flower</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">S</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Xochiquetzal,   goddess of flowers</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">&nbsp;</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe two calendars aligned every 52 years predicting world catastrophe.\r\n\r\nThis piece is typical of its time because it reflected “the preoccupation in the religion had to do with fear of nature, and a fear of the end of the world.” (www.aztec-history.com)\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe origins of the sacred calendar are unknown. The calendar “…served ancient Mesoamerica- as it still serves the many Mayan tribes- primarily as a ‘Book of Fate’ or divinatory almanac.” (Waters, 221) The Aztec calendar round was influential in the Julian and Gregorian Calendars, as well as the Astrological Calendar.\r\n\r\nI feel it should be preserved not only because I see it as a beautiful piece of art, but also helped influence the Julian calendar we use today, which consists of 11 months of 30 or 31 days and 28 day February and extended to 29 days every fourth year.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h1>Works Cited</h1>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.merriam-webster.com\">www.merriam-webster.com</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.webexhibits.org/calendars/calendar-mayan.html\">http://www.webexhibits.org/calendars/calendar-mayan.html</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nWaters, Frank. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Mexico Mystique</span>.<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"> The Coming Sixth World of Consciousness.</span> Printed in the United States of America: Swallow 1975\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.aztec-history.com\">www.aztec-history.com</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Aztec Calendar Stone','','inherit','open','open','','1520-revision-2','','','2011-05-17 12:32:42','2011-05-17 18:32:42','',1520,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1523',0,'revision','',0),(1520,38,'2011-05-17 12:32:42','2011-05-17 18:32:42','The Aztec Calendar Stone was discovered in the approximately the middle of the 17<sup>th</sup> Century in the Zocalo, which is the Central Plaza of Mexico City. The Stone was carved shortly after 1502. The enormous stone measures thirteen feet in diameter and weighs twenty-four tons. The large stone is made of basaltic porphyry, which is “a basalt characterized by prominent phenocrysts of olivine or augite.” (Merriam-Webster)\r\n\r\n<!--more-->\r\n\r\nThe Aztec Calendar Stone has several calendars integrated into one large calendar. It is comprised of “…highly-developed mathematical calculations, astronomy, astrology, myth, and religion.” (Waters)\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe Aztec Calendar Stone was popular and used by the Aztecs and the Mayans for tracking moon cycles.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are two major calendars the first is called The Xiuhpohauli and the second is called The Tonalpohauli.\r\n\r\nThe Xiuhpohauli is counting of years. This version is made up of 365 days. This version is made up 365 days. The calendar was useful for weather predictions and farming. This would be equivalent to the modern day almanac. The 365 days was broken down to “…18 months of 20 days, or 4 (5 day) weeks.” (<a href=\"http://www.aztec-history.com\">www.aztec-history.com</a>)\r\n\r\nThe Tonalpohauli is considered the Sacred calendar, it is comprised of 13\r\n\r\nnumber and 20 day signs.\r\n\r\n“Each of the days was governed by a deity, as shown in the fifth column of the\r\n\r\ntable, who influenced it for good or evil. The Mayas regarded the days\r\n\r\ndays themselves as gods, the glyphs for the day names being stylized portraits\r\n\r\nor pictures of the attributes of these gods. The numbers 1 to 13 were also\r\n\r\npersonalized as the heads of the gods the represented.” (Waters, 220)\r\n\r\nThe following is a partial table of what Waters was referring in the above quote:\r\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"900\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">No.</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Nuahuatl   Name</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Sign</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Direction</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Deity</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">1</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Cipactl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Crocodile</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">E</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Tonacatecuhtli,   god of procreation</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">2</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Ehecatl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Wind</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">N</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Quetzalcoatl   as wind god</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">3</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Calli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">House   or Temple</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">W</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Tepeyollotl,   heart of the mountain</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">4</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Quetzpalin</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Lizard</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">S</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Huehuecoyotl,   god of dance</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">5</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Coatl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Snake</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">E</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Chalchihuitlicue,   water goddess</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">6</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Mizquiztli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Death</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">N</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Teciztecatl,   moon goddess</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">7</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Mazatl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Deer</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">W</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Tlaloc,   god of rain</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">8</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Tochtli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Rabbit</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">S</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Mayahuel,   goddess of maguey</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">9</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Atl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Water</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">E</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Xiuhtecuhtli,   god of fire</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">10</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Itzcuintli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Dog</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">N</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Mictlantecuhtli,   god of death</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">11</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Ozmatli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Monkey</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">W</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Xochipilli,   god of flowers</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">12</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Malnalli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Grass</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">S</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Patecatl,   god of pulque</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">13</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Acatl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Reed</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">E</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Tezcatlipoca</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">1</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Ocelotl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Jaguar</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">N</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Tlacolteotl,   earth goddess</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">2</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Cuauhtli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Eagle</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">W</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Tezcatlipoca-Xipe   Totec</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">3</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Cozcaquahtli</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Vulture</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">S</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Itzpapalotl,   obsidian butterfly</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">4</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Ollin</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Movement</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">E</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Xolotl-Nanahuatzin</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">5</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Tecpatl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Flint   Knife</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">N</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Chalchiuhtotlin</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">6</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Quiahuitl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Rain</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">W</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Tonatiuh,   the solar god</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">7</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Xochitl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Flower</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">S</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Xochiquetzal,   goddess of flowers</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe two calendars aligned every 52 years predicting world catastrophe.\r\n\r\nThis piece is typical of its time because it reflected “the preoccupation in the religion had to do with fear of nature, and a fear of the end of the world.” (www.aztec-history.com)\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe origins of the sacred calendar are unknown. The calendar “…served ancient Mesoamerica- as it still serves the many Mayan tribes- primarily as a ‘Book of Fate’ or divinatory almanac.” (Waters, 221) The Aztec calendar round was influential in the Julian and Gregorian Calendars, as well as the Astrological Calendar.\r\n\r\nI feel it should be preserved not only because I see it as a beautiful piece of art, but also helped influence the Julian calendar we use today, which consists of 11 months of 30 or 31 days and 28 day February and extended to 29 days every fourth year.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h1>Works Cited</h1>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.merriam-webster.com\">www.merriam-webster.com</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.webexhibits.org/calendars/calendar-mayan.html\">http://www.webexhibits.org/calendars/calendar-mayan.html</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nWaters, Frank. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Mexico Mystique</span>.<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"> The Coming Sixth World of Consciousness.</span> Printed in the United States of America: Swallow 1975\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.aztec-history.com\">www.aztec-history.com</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Aztec Calendar Stone','','publish','open','open','','aztec-calendar-stone','','','2011-05-17 13:36:48','2011-05-17 19:36:48','',0,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1520',0,'post','',0),(1521,38,'2011-05-17 12:31:37','2011-05-17 18:31:37','','Aztec Calendar Stone','','inherit','open','open','','1520-revision','','','2011-05-17 12:31:37','2011-05-17 18:31:37','',1520,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1521',0,'revision','',0),(1524,38,'2011-05-17 12:35:53','2011-05-17 18:35:53','Desiderius Erasmus was considered a Northern Humanist during the Renaissance era. The term Renaissance is a translation from the Italian word “Rinascita”, meaning “rebirth”. It was considered the rebirth of Old Roman and Greek civilization. Thought to have ended in 1527 with the sack of Rome by Charles V, HRE (Holy Roman Emperor). (http://ap_history_online.tripod.com/apeh2.htm)\n\n&nbsp;\n\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The Praise of Folly</span> was written by Desiderius Erasmus in summer of 1509.\n\nDesiderius took a two month long journey from Italy to England arriving to the Old Barge in Bucklersbury, London. This was the home of Sir Thomas More, a close friend of Erasmus. According to Clarence Miller (translator and commentator for Praise of Folly into English), Erasmus was confined in Bucklersbury to recover from a kidney ailment, and this is where the great work was born.\n\n&nbsp;\n\nThe term “folly” was used as a synonym for “human nature”.  The Praise of Folly was a satire written as harmless enjoyment about things that were wrong and needed to be changed.\n\n“At first the book makes kindly and approving fun of the ways of action and\n\nweakness of mankind. It is not moderant, only amused. But gradually from\n\nfools innocent and natural and undebased, it passes to those whose illusions\n\nare vicious in setting and results.” (Taylor, 175)\n\nIn Folly young women are perceived as  young and vivacious. They are described  described as being nursed by drunkeness and ignorance. Young women represent freedom, youth, care, happiness, and vitality. She is positively influenced with self-love, flattery, and pleasure.  With such qualities they are able to influence their men. The Men are fierce leaders and are perceived as carefree and frivolous. Erasmus also makes reference to light and beautiful equating to young and dark and ugly to old.\n\n&nbsp;\n\nErasmus’ work was controversial in its time, since in this satire he also addresses monks and priests as being no better than any other man. He goes on t o describe monks and theologians religious views serve as a way to divide rather than unite Christians. He even describes Jesus as being a divine fool for sacrificing himself for humanity.\n\n&nbsp;\n\nThe Renaissance period also produced other great works like  Sir Thomas More’s Utopia. More was considered an English Humanist.  In More’s Utopia, he describes an ideal state through a sailor who is the  fictitious main character. More based the sailor’s age on his own and compares his ideal of what life is like in a Utopia to his reality of life in England, which was described as harsh. In Utopia, life is easy. The economy is well thought out and utilized. Property is held in common, making Utopia a commonwealth.\n\n&nbsp;\n\nI feel that The Praise of Folly should be preserved because it entertains. It also shows that old and young were perceived the same way as they are today. Young equals useful and full of life, and old is useless and lifeless.\n\n&nbsp;\n\n<span style=\"font-size: 26px;font-weight: bold\">Works Cited</span>\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\nTaylor, H.O. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Thought and Expression in the Sixteenth Century</span>. New York: McMillan, 1920, Vol.1\n\nErasmus, Desiderius. Translated and an Introduction and Commentary by Miller, Clarence H. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The Praise of Folly.</span> New Haven: Yale University Press, 1979.\n\n<a href=\"http://ap_history_online.tripod.com/apeh2.htm\">http://ap_history_online.tripod.com/apeh2.htm</a>\n\n<a href=\"http://teaattrianon.blogspot.com/2010/11/in-praise-of-folly.html\">http://teaattrianon.blogspot.com/2010/11/in-praise-of-folly.html</a>\n\n&nbsp;','The Praise of Folly','','inherit','open','open','','1518-autosave','','','2011-05-17 12:35:53','2011-05-17 18:35:53','',1518,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1524',0,'revision','',0),(1522,38,'2011-05-17 12:31:13','2011-05-17 18:31:13','Desiderius Erasmus was considered a Northern Humanist during the Renaissance era. The term Renaissance is a translation from the Italian word “Rinascita”, meaning “rebirth”. It was considered the rebirth of Old Roman and Greek civilization. Thought to have ended in 1527 with the sack of Rome by Charles V, HRE (Holy Roman Emperor). (http://ap_history_online.tripod.com/apeh2.htm)\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The Praise of Folly</span> was written by Desiderius Erasmus in summer of 1509.\r\n\r\nDesiderius took a two month long journey from Italy to England arriving to the Old Barge in Bucklersbury, London. This was the home of Sir Thomas More, a close friend of Erasmus. According to Clarence Miller (translator and commentator for Praise of Folly into English), Erasmus was confined in Bucklersbury to recover from a kidney ailment, and this is where the great work was born.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe term “folly” was used as a synonym for “human nature”.  The Praise of Folly was a satire written as harmless enjoyment about things that were wrong and needed to be changed.\r\n\r\n“At first the book makes kindly and approving fun of the ways of action and\r\n\r\nweakness of mankind. It is not moderant, only amused. But gradually from\r\n\r\nfools innocent and natural and undebased, it passes to those whose illusions\r\n\r\nare vicious in setting and results.” (Taylor, 175)\r\n\r\nIn Folly young women are perceived as  young and vivacious. They are described  described as being nursed by drunkeness and ignorance. Young women represent freedom, youth, care, happiness, and vitality. She is positively influenced with self-love, flattery, and pleasure.  With such qualities they are able to influence their men. The Men are fierce leaders and are perceived as carefree and frivolous. Erasmus also makes reference to light and beautiful equating to young and dark and ugly to old.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nErasmus’ work was controversial in its time, since in this satire he also addresses monks and priests as being no better than any other man. He goes on t o describe monks and theologians religious views serve as a way to divide rather than unite Christians. He even describes Jesus as being a divine fool for sacrificing himself for humanity.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe Renaissance period also produced other great works like  Sir Thomas More’s Utopia. More was considered an English Humanist.  In More’s Utopia, he describes an ideal state through a sailor who is the  fictitious main character. More based the sailor’s age on his own and compares his ideal of what life is like in a Utopia to his reality of life in England, which was described as harsh. In Utopia, life is easy. The economy is well thought out and utilized. Property is held in common, making Utopia a commonwealth.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nI feel that The Praise of Folly should be preserved because it entertains. It also shows that old and young were perceived the same way as they are today. Young equals useful and full of life, and old is useless and lifeless.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h1>Works Cited</h1>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nTaylor, H.O. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Thought and Expression in the Sixteenth Century</span>. New York: McMillan, 1920, Vol.1\r\n\r\nErasmus, Desiderius. Translated and an Introduction and Commentary by Miller, Clarence H. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The Praise of Folly.</span> New Haven: Yale University Press, 1979.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://ap_history_online.tripod.com/apeh2.htm\">http://ap_history_online.tripod.com/apeh2.htm</a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://teaattrianon.blogspot.com/2010/11/in-praise-of-folly.html\">http://teaattrianon.blogspot.com/2010/11/in-praise-of-folly.html</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','The Praise of Folly','','inherit','open','open','','1518-revision-2','','','2011-05-17 12:31:13','2011-05-17 18:31:13','',1518,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1522',0,'revision','',0),(1525,1,'2011-05-17 12:35:46','2011-05-17 18:35:46','The Aztec Calendar Stone was discovered in the approximately the middle of the 17<sup>th</sup> Century in the Zocalo, which is the Central Plaza of Mexico City. The Stone was carved shortly after 1502. The enormous stone measures thirteen feet in diameter and weighs twenty-four tons. The large stone is made of basaltic porphyry, which is “a basalt characterized by prominent phenocrysts of olivine or augite.” (Merriam-Webster)\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe Aztec Calendar Stone has several calendars integrated into one large calendar. It is comprised of “…highly-developed mathematical calculations, astronomy, astrology, myth, and religion.” (Waters)\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe Aztec Calendar Stone was popular and used by the Aztecs and the Mayans for tracking moon cycles.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThere are two major calendars the first is called The Xiuhpohauli and the second is called The Tonalpohauli.\r\n\r\nThe Xiuhpohauli is counting of years. This version is made up of 365 days. This version is made up 365 days. The calendar was useful for weather predictions and farming. This would be equivalent to the modern day almanac. The 365 days was broken down to “…18 months of 20 days, or 4 (5 day) weeks.” (<a href=\"http://www.aztec-history.com\">www.aztec-history.com</a>)\r\n\r\nThe Tonalpohauli is considered the Sacred calendar, it is comprised of 13\r\n\r\nnumber and 20 day signs.\r\n\r\n“Each of the days was governed by a deity, as shown in the fifth column of the\r\n\r\ntable, who influenced it for good or evil. The Mayas regarded the days\r\n\r\ndays themselves as gods, the glyphs for the day names being stylized portraits\r\n\r\nor pictures of the attributes of these gods. The numbers 1 to 13 were also\r\n\r\npersonalized as the heads of the gods the represented.” (Waters, 220)\r\n\r\nThe following is a partial table of what Waters was referring in the above quote:\r\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"900\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">No.</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Nuahuatl   Name</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Sign</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Direction</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Deity</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">1</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Cipactl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Crocodile</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">E</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Tonacatecuhtli,   god of procreation</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">2</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Ehecatl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Wind</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">N</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Quetzalcoatl   as wind god</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">3</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Calli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">House   or Temple</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">W</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Tepeyollotl,   heart of the mountain</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">4</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Quetzpalin</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Lizard</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">S</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Huehuecoyotl,   god of dance</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">5</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Coatl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Snake</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">E</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Chalchihuitlicue,   water goddess</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">6</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Mizquiztli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Death</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">N</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Teciztecatl,   moon goddess</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">7</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Mazatl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Deer</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">W</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Tlaloc,   god of rain</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">8</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Tochtli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Rabbit</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">S</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Mayahuel,   goddess of maguey</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">9</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Atl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Water</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">E</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Xiuhtecuhtli,   god of fire</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">10</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Itzcuintli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Dog</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">N</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Mictlantecuhtli,   god of death</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">11</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Ozmatli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Monkey</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">W</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Xochipilli,   god of flowers</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">12</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Malnalli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Grass</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">S</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Patecatl,   god of pulque</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">13</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Acatl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Reed</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">E</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Tezcatlipoca</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">1</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Ocelotl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Jaguar</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">N</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Tlacolteotl,   earth goddess</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">2</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Cuauhtli</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Eagle</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">W</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Tezcatlipoca-Xipe   Totec</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">3</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Cozcaquahtli</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Vulture</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">S</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Itzpapalotl,   obsidian butterfly</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">4</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Ollin</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Movement</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">E</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Xolotl-Nanahuatzin</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">5</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Tecpatl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Flint   Knife</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">N</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Chalchiuhtotlin</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">6</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Quiahuitl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Rain</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">W</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"150\" valign=\"bottom\">Tonatiuh,   the solar god</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">7</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"143\" valign=\"bottom\">Xochitl</td>\r\n<td width=\"7\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">Flower</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\">S</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"225\" valign=\"bottom\">Xochiquetzal,   goddess of flowers</td>\r\n<td width=\"75\" valign=\"bottom\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe two calendars aligned every 52 years predicting world catastrophe.\r\n\r\nThis piece is typical of its time because it reflected “the preoccupation in the religion had to do with fear of nature, and a fear of the end of the world.” (www.aztec-history.com)\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe origins of the sacred calendar are unknown. The calendar “…served ancient Mesoamerica- as it still serves the many Mayan tribes- primarily as a ‘Book of Fate’ or divinatory almanac.” (Waters, 221) The Aztec calendar round was influential in the Julian and Gregorian Calendars, as well as the Astrological Calendar.\r\n\r\nI feel it should be preserved not only because I see it as a beautiful piece of art, but also helped influence the Julian calendar we use today, which consists of 11 months of 30 or 31 days and 28 day February and extended to 29 days every fourth year.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h1>Works Cited</h1>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.merriam-webster.com\">www.merriam-webster.com</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.webexhibits.org/calendars/calendar-mayan.html\">http://www.webexhibits.org/calendars/calendar-mayan.html</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nWaters, Frank. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Mexico Mystique</span>.<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"> The Coming Sixth World of Consciousness.</span> Printed in the United States of America: Swallow 1975\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.aztec-history.com\">www.aztec-history.com</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Aztec Calendar Stone','','inherit','open','open','','1520-revision-3','','','2011-05-17 12:35:46','2011-05-17 18:35:46','',1520,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1525',0,'revision','',0),(1526,1,'2011-05-17 12:34:50','2011-05-17 18:34:50','Desiderius Erasmus was considered a Northern Humanist during the Renaissance era. The term Renaissance is a translation from the Italian word “Rinascita”, meaning “rebirth”. It was considered the rebirth of Old Roman and Greek civilization. Thought to have ended in 1527 with the sack of Rome by Charles V, HRE (Holy Roman Emperor). (http://ap_history_online.tripod.com/apeh2.htm)\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The Praise of Folly</span> was written by Desiderius Erasmus in summer of 1509.\r\n\r\nDesiderius took a two month long journey from Italy to England arriving to the Old Barge in Bucklersbury, London. This was the home of Sir Thomas More, a close friend of Erasmus. According to Clarence Miller (translator and commentator for Praise of Folly into English), Erasmus was confined in Bucklersbury to recover from a kidney ailment, and this is where the great work was born.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe term “folly” was used as a synonym for “human nature”.  The Praise of Folly was a satire written as harmless enjoyment about things that were wrong and needed to be changed.\r\n\r\n“At first the book makes kindly and approving fun of the ways of action and\r\n\r\nweakness of mankind. It is not moderant, only amused. But gradually from\r\n\r\nfools innocent and natural and undebased, it passes to those whose illusions\r\n\r\nare vicious in setting and results.” (Taylor, 175)\r\n\r\nIn Folly young women are perceived as  young and vivacious. They are described  described as being nursed by drunkeness and ignorance. Young women represent freedom, youth, care, happiness, and vitality. She is positively influenced with self-love, flattery, and pleasure.  With such qualities they are able to influence their men. The Men are fierce leaders and are perceived as carefree and frivolous. Erasmus also makes reference to light and beautiful equating to young and dark and ugly to old.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nErasmus’ work was controversial in its time, since in this satire he also addresses monks and priests as being no better than any other man. He goes on t o describe monks and theologians religious views serve as a way to divide rather than unite Christians. He even describes Jesus as being a divine fool for sacrificing himself for humanity.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe Renaissance period also produced other great works like  Sir Thomas More’s Utopia. More was considered an English Humanist.  In More’s Utopia, he describes an ideal state through a sailor who is the  fictitious main character. More based the sailor’s age on his own and compares his ideal of what life is like in a Utopia to his reality of life in England, which was described as harsh. In Utopia, life is easy. The economy is well thought out and utilized. Property is held in common, making Utopia a commonwealth.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nI feel that The Praise of Folly should be preserved because it entertains. It also shows that old and young were perceived the same way as they are today. Young equals useful and full of life, and old is useless and lifeless.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-size: 26px;font-weight: bold\">Works Cited</span>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nTaylor, H.O. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Thought and Expression in the Sixteenth Century</span>. New York: McMillan, 1920, Vol.1\r\n\r\nErasmus, Desiderius. Translated and an Introduction and Commentary by Miller, Clarence H. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">The Praise of Folly.</span> New Haven: Yale University Press, 1979.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://ap_history_online.tripod.com/apeh2.htm\">http://ap_history_online.tripod.com/apeh2.htm</a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://teaattrianon.blogspot.com/2010/11/in-praise-of-folly.html\">http://teaattrianon.blogspot.com/2010/11/in-praise-of-folly.html</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','The Praise of Folly','','inherit','open','open','','1518-revision-3','','','2011-05-17 12:34:50','2011-05-17 18:34:50','',1518,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1526',0,'revision','',0),(1549,42,'2011-09-18 10:20:52','2011-09-18 16:20:52','Before I begin, there are two words used for “The People”. First, is Navajo. Second is Dinē. “Because of its colonial origin, the designation Navajo is in the process of being replaced by the term Dinē. (Lampshere) You will see both terms used for “The People” in the following.','Dine bahane','','publish','open','open','','dine-bahane','','','2013-09-16 12:59:38','2013-09-16 18:59:38','',0,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1549',0,'post','',2),(1550,42,'2011-09-18 10:16:37','2011-09-18 16:16:37','','Auto Draft','','inherit','open','open','','1549-revision-v1','','','2011-09-18 10:16:37','2011-09-18 16:16:37','',1549,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1550',0,'revision','',0),(1555,42,'2011-09-18 13:12:56','2011-09-18 19:12:56','','Navajo3','','inherit','open','open','','navajo3','','','2011-09-18 13:12:56','2011-09-18 19:12:56','',1552,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/Navajo3.gif',0,'attachment','image/gif',0),(1556,42,'2011-09-18 13:27:35','2011-09-18 19:27:35','<div class=\"mceTemp mceIEcenter\"><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/Navajo3.gif\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1555\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/Navajo3.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"196\" /></a></div>\n<div class=\"mceTemp mceIEcenter\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">http://www.ic.arizona.edu/ic/kmartin/School/navajo44.htm</p>\n\n</div>\n<div class=\"mceTemp mceIEcenter\"></div>\n<div class=\"mceTemp mceIEcenter\" style=\"text-align: left\"><strong><strong><em></em></strong></strong>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"CENTER\"><em><strong>Diné bahané (The Diné Creation Story)</strong></em></p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">Before I begin, there are two words used for \"The People\". First is Navajo, from the Spanish. Second is Diné. \"Because of its colonial origin, the designation Navajo is in the process of being replaced by the term Diné. (Lampshere) You will see both terms used for \"The People\" in the following.</p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">\"The Diné were latecomers to the American Southwest, arriving between 1000 and 1525 C.E.\"(Lampshere) Researchers believe that \"the Navajo are an Athapaskan-language people, closely related to those living in northern Canada in the region of the Great Slave Lake.\"(Winson) No one knows when the Diné bahané first was told. The only surviving history is the creation myth itself. The Diné believe that the events in the <em>Diné bahané </em>took place just as they are told. Sometime, in the dawn of consciousness and the midst of migration, the Diné generated their own creation myth. The <em>Diné bahané</em> is an epic tale created by  and for the Diné. The Diné were looking for a home. They found that home in the four corners area of the American southwest. I believe the story was created by the Diné because it was important to them to commit to memory their unique history and reality in the sacred way that made sense to them. As a people, they agreed that this story was the story of their beginnings. It became \"the soul of a distinct Navajo identity that found shape under a particular set of social (and) or ceremonial conditions.\"(Zolbrod, 19) It was transmitted, as the truth, by oral tradition for centuries. In a time when the entirety of humanity seems to have woken up to a self-conscious awareness of itself and its place in the universe, this narrative belongs to the Diné.</p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">The <em>Diné bahané </em>\"could never be written down in it’s entirety, just as we could never…encapsulate the whole Arthurian tradition in one unified definitive volume.\"(Zolbrod, 19) In recent history, there have been many translations, interpretations and summaries of the myth, but one of the most accurate and beautiful was done by Paul G. Zolbrod in his book appropriately named <em>Diné bahané</em>. His translation takes up 305 pages of a book typed in small print. The story ends with, \"these are the things that happened a long time ago.\"(Zolbrod, 339) Because of its length, I have chosen a small portion of the creation myth to summarize and use in comparison to other creation stories. This portion concerns the arrival of the Diné people to this world and the creation of First Man and First Woman.</p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">The Diné spirit people have always existed, just not on this world. This is their fifth world. The first world was very dark and no one remembers much about it except, that the Diné caused a disagreement with the other folk who lived there and \"The People\" were forced out. In the second world, the Diné again made mistakes with the tribe who already lived there and were forced to leave again.  In the third and fourth world, (which progressively appeared more like this world), the Diné still caused problems and they barely escaped those worlds, to reach this world, where we all live now. When they got here, they were still only insect-like spirits. But now they had found themselves a home; the same home they inhabit now. Powerful beings came and taught them how to make First Man and First Woman out of abalone, precious stones, rainbows, fog and an ear of corn. Songs were taught to the Diné and Wind came and blew through these precious bundles and gave them life. The proof that this really happened is in each human’s fingerprints. The whorls are the marks left by the wind. First Man and First Woman were taught how to create the sun, moon, and stars. They populated the earth by creating all manner of creatures and plants. The first argument between First Man and First Woman and its consequences are immortalized. Places, like mountains and lakes, are named and inhabited by strong spirit beings. It is up to the Diné to remember where they came from, the songs they were taught, and to carry on those traditions and rituals that are good and healthy for everyone.</p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">The <em>Diné bahané </em>is like many of the Native American stories. \"Common to all American Indian sacred narratives…these \"sacred histories serve to orient their communities in time and space in ways that operate within the universe they inhabit, and in turn provide outsiders with insight into the ethos and world view of their home cultures.\" (Kelly) \"For American Indian communities, the world is populated not only by humans, but by other beings as well. These beings include the natural world and all that is in it.\"(Kelly) All American Indian creation myths were transmitted orally, just as in all preliterate cultures. \"Elders served as repositories of the knowledge and wisdom that makes the people, transferring moral precepts and appropriate community parameters to the next generation.\"(Kelly)</p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">However, the <em>Diné bahané</em> stands out from the rest of the creation stories of the world. It has survived. It is a living religion, still practiced by its people. It is one of the few myths that survived the colonization of North America and still lives where it was born. In it are named the landmarks that form the boundaries of the Diné Nation’s country. It is lengthy and comprehensive. It covers the balance of male and female roles and how monsters like Death and Poverty came to be and how they were dealt with. It classifies, codifies and includes diverse beings including insects and hermaphrodites. Zolbrod writes,\"Representing narrative poetry at its richest, the cycle displays an awareness of human complexity different from anything in our own (Western) literature. The emotions it identifies are as intense as those found in Oedipus Rex or Othello.\"(Zolbrod, 19) The Dine bahané \"occurs in a setting that combines the real and the earthy with the mystical and cosmic, where spirits and humans interact in a way not duplicated in any one of our own familiar literary works save perhaps those like Homeric epics or Ovid’s ‘Metamorphosis.’\"(Zolbrod, 6) \"To this day, the Diné creation story gives individual Navajos (including illiterate ones) an important ethnic identity. It defines meaningful relationships among members of the community and between the community and the entire cosmos.\" \"Native American Creation Myths\"</p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">In Western culture, I would compare the <em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é to the <em>Holy Bible</em>. The <em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é is as important to the Diné as the <em>Holy Bible</em> is to Christians. In particular, the story which holds the most parallels to the portion of the <em>Diné bahané </em>that I summarized, is the story of <em>Adam and Eve</em>. The following is a short summary.</p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">God, the ultimate power, created everything. He created Adam and set him to live in the Garden of Eden. Adam was given dominion over all the plants and creatures except the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. Adam was never to touch this one tree. Adam got lonely and so God created Eve from Adam. Everything was perfect until a snake, who is Satan in disguise, convinced Eve to take a bite from the fruit of the tree of knowledge. When God came to visit, He knew what had happened because, Adam and Eve covered their nakedness, whereas before, they felt no need to. They were cursed by God and exiled from the Garden of Eden forever. They were doomed by God to go through childbirth, illness and death. So were all of their children and children’s children, forever.</p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">Commonalities between the two stories are briefly told. Both stories begin in places that no one can find today. Both include the creation of the first two human beings. And both include powerful beings that influence the lives and fates of the first man and woman. After that, these stories take off in completely different directions. In the <em>Diné bahané </em>it is stated, \"Twenty-three days came and went and twenty-three nights passed and all was well. And on the twenty-fourth night the exiles held a council meeting. They talked quietly among themselves, and they resolved to mend their ways and to do nothing unintelligent that would create disorder. This was a good world, and the wandering…people meant to stay here, it is said.\"(Zolbrod, 47) This quote illustrates the main difference, I see, between the <em>Diné bahané</em> and the story of <em>Adam and Eve</em>. The Diné recognize the consequences for their actions, they learn from their mistakes and resolve to live intelligently and peacefully in this world. Secondly, First Man and First Woman are co-creators of their world and by inheritance so are their children, the Diné. In <em>Adam and Eve</em>, God gives them only one thing they cannot do and they do it anyway. They are thrown out of the Garden of Eden and doomed by a completely unsympathetic God who curses them with a life of sin and suffering. They are cast out into a cold and cruel world not of their own choice or making.  The <em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é<em> </em>allows for growth, change, and evolution. The story of <em>Adam and Eve</em> puts us in a struggle with nature and ourselves for all time. The <em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é illustrates a way of living that has gone on for centuries in the past and can go on for centuries in the future. It is a continuing saga. The story of <em>Adam and Eve</em> in the Garden of Eden ends when they are exiled from the garden. The Diné still live in their garden.</p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">So, how are the <em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é and <em>Adam and Eve</em> compared by the Diné? Like other conquered people they strive to become \"modern\". But, they still practice their own way, even today. There is good reason to do so. \"Modernity, in many ways is anti-traditional, favoring the new, the innovative, and the topical. Sacred histories allow traditional cultures to exist in the modern world and yet maintain their link to the past. Wisdom comes with age and American Indian stories have the power to bring ancient wisdom to current topics. Contemporary indigenous communities the world over remain faithful to their won stories and legacy, rather than the sometimes more popular myths of modernity.\"(Kelly) Christian missionaries have made all sorts of incursions on the Diné Nation, but Kluckhohn and Leighton say about the Diné, that \"It is difficult indeed to evaluate the influences of these (non-Diné) religious groups in the past and at present. The number of nominal Christians among the Navajos is fairly large in some localities, but most of them continue their adherence to native beliefs and practices.\" \"Christianity speaks of far off lands. The Bible speaks only of a male God of a society where authority and responsibility centers chiefly in men…Navajos miss Changing Woman (daughter of First Woman and First Man)…and the whole feeling for the position of women embodied alike in their social organization and religious lore.\"(Kluckhohn, 133) Another reason they stick to their own beliefs is that \"The picture of a god who is entirely good is hard for The People to understand, for their whole outlook insists that all beings have an evil as well as a good side.\"(Kluckhohn, 133)  Christianity has little in it to appeal to the Diné. Their way of life works for them and still helps them understand the world about them. Their <em>Diné bahané</em> is still a valid and living belief system.</p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">I find the <em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é<em> </em>a superior work to any other of its kind that now exists. I find it down to earth, practical, and accessible. \"The Diné creation myth indicates that there is no dichotomy between the natural and the supernatural.\"(Lampshere) That idea resonates with my experience of the universe. Also, attractive to me, as an integral part of the myth, is the idea of hózhó. Hózhó is what the Diné believe is the ideal way for humans to live. It combines beauty, balance and harmony. \"In Diné belief, the term hózhó refers to a positive or ideal environment. As Witherspoon puts it, ‘The goal of Diné life, in this world, is to live to maturity in the condition described as hózhó and to die of old age, the result of which incorporates one into the universal beauty, harmony, and happiness. \"(Lampshere) I can’t imagine what higher purpose a person could hope for while living here on Earth. All of living is a reason for prayer, meditation and song for the Diné. Then there is the fact that a Diné person doesn’t have to go to a special place to worship. \"The primary function of the hogan (the Dine round house) is a place for ceremonies and prayers.\"(Lampshere) Where all is sacred, especially in the home, there is less chance for the other. Although certain men and women know more songs, chants, and the rituals that go with them, than others, all Diné are practitioners in the Diné way of life. In Diné culture, all songs, come directly and indirectly from the <em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é. According to Gladys Reichard, a leading authority on the Diné, \"songs are a form of wealth.\"(Reichard, 289) So, if I have a song, I am rich. This is not a materially based culture. If only we had collected songs instead of gold, our world might still be inhabitable.</p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">For all these reasons and more, I would urge everyone to vote the <em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é be included in the time capsule. This story carries values and beliefs that should be learned and passed on. The Western tradition, of dominance rather that partnership with nature and others, has led directly to the destruction of Earth as a viable place to live. Christianity has aided this downfall. In the story of <em>Adam and Eve</em>, when God cedes dominance over all plants and creatures to Adam, He neglects to mention that good husbandry and community should be part of the equation. Hopefully, unlike Adam and Eve, we are not exiled forever, but can find a new world, and do as the Diné ancestors did. We should hold a council, discuss quietly among ourselves and come to a consensus of opinion that this is a good world and that we don’t want to do anything unintelligent.(Zolbrod, 47)  Without a completely new set of principles, I believe we are doomed to a life of sin and suffering and will get the same results we have experienced here on this Earth. I for one do not wish this devastation on the children of earth. I would love to see them begin anew in the old way of the <em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é. Let our children all become practitioners, and singers in a way of life that allows them to evolve in beauty and harmony with their fellow creations. I believe that the \"<em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é\", as written by Paul G. Zolbrod, is one of the necessary precious works that get put into the time capsule when it leaves earth. I hope you will too and vote for it and our survival in the next world.</p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"CENTER\"></p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"CENTER\">Bibliography</p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">Kelly, Dennis F. <em>North American Indian Religions: Mythic Themes</em>  Encyclopaedia of Religion, 2nd Ed. 2005 Web. 4 Sept. 2011.</p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\"></p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">Kluckhohn, Clyde and Dorothea Leighton, <em>The Navaho </em>Garden City: Doubleday and Company, Inc. 1962. Print.</p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\"></p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">Lampshere, Louise and Marilyn Notah Verney <em>Navajo Religious Traditions Encyclopedia of Religion, 2nd Ed., 2005:Blooms Literary Reference Online. Web. 23 Aug. 2011.</em></p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\"></p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">\"Native American Creation Myths\"<em> Encyclopaedia of World Writers, Beginnings Through the 13th Century. </em>Bloom’s Literary Reference Online, 2005. Web. 23 Aug. 2011.</p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\"></p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">Reichard, Gladys A.<em> Navajo Religion: A Study of Symbolism </em>Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990. Print.</p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\"></p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">Winson, Terrie<em> The Navajo </em>2002 W<sup>3W</sup>eb Design, May 2002. Web. 4 Sept. 2011</p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\"></p>\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">Zolbrod, Paul G. <em>Dinē bahanē</em> <em>The Navajo Creation Story </em>Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. 1985. Print.</p>\n\n</div>','Diné bahané (The Diné Creation Story)','','inherit','open','open','','1552-revision','','','2011-09-18 13:27:35','2011-09-18 19:27:35','',1552,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1556',0,'revision','',0),(1557,42,'2011-09-18 13:28:32','2011-09-18 19:28:32','<div class=\"mceTemp mceIEcenter\"><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/Navajo3.gif\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1555\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/Navajo3.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"196\" /></a></div>\r\n<div class=\"mceTemp mceIEcenter\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\" dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">http://www.ic.arizona.edu/ic/kmartin/School/navajo44.htm</p>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div class=\"mceTemp mceIEcenter\"></div>\r\n<div class=\"mceTemp mceIEcenter\" style=\"text-align: left\"><strong><strong><em></em></strong></strong>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"CENTER\"><em><strong>Diné bahané (The Diné Creation Story)</strong></em></p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">Before I begin, there are two words used for \"The People\". First is Navajo, from the Spanish. Second is Diné. \"Because of its colonial origin, the designation Navajo is in the process of being replaced by the term Diné. (Lampshere) You will see both terms used for \"The People\" in the following.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">\"The Diné were latecomers to the American Southwest, arriving between 1000 and 1525 C.E.\"(Lampshere) Researchers believe that \"the Navajo are an Athapaskan-language people, closely related to those living in northern Canada in the region of the Great Slave Lake.\"(Winson) No one knows when the Diné bahané first was told. The only surviving history is the creation myth itself. The Diné believe that the events in the <em>Diné bahané </em>took place just as they are told. Sometime, in the dawn of consciousness and the midst of migration, the Diné generated their own creation myth. The <em>Diné bahané</em> is an epic tale created by  and for the Diné. The Diné were looking for a home. They found that home in the four corners area of the American southwest. I believe the story was created by the Diné because it was important to them to commit to memory their unique history and reality in the sacred way that made sense to them. As a people, they agreed that this story was the story of their beginnings. It became \"the soul of a distinct Navajo identity that found shape under a particular set of social (and) or ceremonial conditions.\"(Zolbrod, 19) It was transmitted, as the truth, by oral tradition for centuries. In a time when the entirety of humanity seems to have woken up to a self-conscious awareness of itself and its place in the universe, this narrative belongs to the Diné.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">The <em>Diné bahané </em>\"could never be written down in it’s entirety, just as we could never…encapsulate the whole Arthurian tradition in one unified definitive volume.\"(Zolbrod, 19) In recent history, there have been many translations, interpretations and summaries of the myth, but one of the most accurate and beautiful was done by Paul G. Zolbrod in his book appropriately named <em>Diné bahané</em>. His translation takes up 305 pages of a book typed in small print. The story ends with, \"these are the things that happened a long time ago.\"(Zolbrod, 339) Because of its length, I have chosen a small portion of the creation myth to summarize and use in comparison to other creation stories. This portion concerns the arrival of the Diné people to this world and the creation of First Man and First Woman.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">The Diné spirit people have always existed, just not on this world. This is their fifth world. The first world was very dark and no one remembers much about it except, that the Diné caused a disagreement with the other folk who lived there and \"The People\" were forced out. In the second world, the Diné again made mistakes with the tribe who already lived there and were forced to leave again.  In the third and fourth world, (which progressively appeared more like this world), the Diné still caused problems and they barely escaped those worlds, to reach this world, where we all live now. When they got here, they were still only insect-like spirits. But now they had found themselves a home; the same home they inhabit now. Powerful beings came and taught them how to make First Man and First Woman out of abalone, precious stones, rainbows, fog and an ear of corn. Songs were taught to the Diné and Wind came and blew through these precious bundles and gave them life. The proof that this really happened is in each human’s fingerprints. The whorls are the marks left by the wind. First Man and First Woman were taught how to create the sun, moon, and stars. They populated the earth by creating all manner of creatures and plants. The first argument between First Man and First Woman and its consequences are immortalized. Places, like mountains and lakes, are named and inhabited by strong spirit beings. It is up to the Diné to remember where they came from, the songs they were taught, and to carry on those traditions and rituals that are good and healthy for everyone.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">The <em>Diné bahané </em>is like many of the Native American stories. \"Common to all American Indian sacred narratives…these \"sacred histories serve to orient their communities in time and space in ways that operate within the universe they inhabit, and in turn provide outsiders with insight into the ethos and world view of their home cultures.\" (Kelly) \"For American Indian communities, the world is populated not only by humans, but by other beings as well. These beings include the natural world and all that is in it.\"(Kelly) All American Indian creation myths were transmitted orally, just as in all preliterate cultures. \"Elders served as repositories of the knowledge and wisdom that makes the people, transferring moral precepts and appropriate community parameters to the next generation.\"(Kelly)</p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">However, the <em>Diné bahané</em> stands out from the rest of the creation stories of the world. It has survived. It is a living religion, still practiced by its people. It is one of the few myths that survived the colonization of North America and still lives where it was born. In it are named the landmarks that form the boundaries of the Diné Nation’s country. It is lengthy and comprehensive. It covers the balance of male and female roles and how monsters like Death and Poverty came to be and how they were dealt with. It classifies, codifies and includes diverse beings including insects and hermaphrodites. Zolbrod writes,\"Representing narrative poetry at its richest, the cycle displays an awareness of human complexity different from anything in our own (Western) literature. The emotions it identifies are as intense as those found in Oedipus Rex or Othello.\"(Zolbrod, 19) The Dine bahané \"occurs in a setting that combines the real and the earthy with the mystical and cosmic, where spirits and humans interact in a way not duplicated in any one of our own familiar literary works save perhaps those like Homeric epics or Ovid’s ‘Metamorphosis.’\"(Zolbrod, 6) \"To this day, the Diné creation story gives individual Navajos (including illiterate ones) an important ethnic identity. It defines meaningful relationships among members of the community and between the community and the entire cosmos.\" \"Native American Creation Myths\"</p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">In Western culture, I would compare the <em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é to the <em>Holy Bible</em>. The <em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é is as important to the Diné as the <em>Holy Bible</em> is to Christians. In particular, the story which holds the most parallels to the portion of the <em>Diné bahané </em>that I summarized, is the story of <em>Adam and Eve</em>. The following is a short summary.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">God, the ultimate power, created everything. He created Adam and set him to live in the Garden of Eden. Adam was given dominion over all the plants and creatures except the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. Adam was never to touch this one tree. Adam got lonely and so God created Eve from Adam. Everything was perfect until a snake, who is Satan in disguise, convinced Eve to take a bite from the fruit of the tree of knowledge. When God came to visit, He knew what had happened because, Adam and Eve covered their nakedness, whereas before, they felt no need to. They were cursed by God and exiled from the Garden of Eden forever. They were doomed by God to go through childbirth, illness and death. So were all of their children and children’s children, forever.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">Commonalities between the two stories are briefly told. Both stories begin in places that no one can find today. Both include the creation of the first two human beings. And both include powerful beings that influence the lives and fates of the first man and woman. After that, these stories take off in completely different directions. In the <em>Diné bahané </em>it is stated, \"Twenty-three days came and went and twenty-three nights passed and all was well. And on the twenty-fourth night the exiles held a council meeting. They talked quietly among themselves, and they resolved to mend their ways and to do nothing unintelligent that would create disorder. This was a good world, and the wandering…people meant to stay here, it is said.\"(Zolbrod, 47) This quote illustrates the main difference, I see, between the <em>Diné bahané</em> and the story of <em>Adam and Eve</em>. The Diné recognize the consequences for their actions, they learn from their mistakes and resolve to live intelligently and peacefully in this world. Secondly, First Man and First Woman are co-creators of their world and by inheritance so are their children, the Diné. In <em>Adam and Eve</em>, God gives them only one thing they cannot do and they do it anyway. They are thrown out of the Garden of Eden and doomed by a completely unsympathetic God who curses them with a life of sin and suffering. They are cast out into a cold and cruel world not of their own choice or making.  The <em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é<em> </em>allows for growth, change, and evolution. The story of <em>Adam and Eve</em> puts us in a struggle with nature and ourselves for all time. The <em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é illustrates a way of living that has gone on for centuries in the past and can go on for centuries in the future. It is a continuing saga. The story of <em>Adam and Eve</em> in the Garden of Eden ends when they are exiled from the garden. The Diné still live in their garden.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">So, how are the <em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é and <em>Adam and Eve</em> compared by the Diné? Like other conquered people they strive to become \"modern\". But, they still practice their own way, even today. There is good reason to do so. \"Modernity, in many ways is anti-traditional, favoring the new, the innovative, and the topical. Sacred histories allow traditional cultures to exist in the modern world and yet maintain their link to the past. Wisdom comes with age and American Indian stories have the power to bring ancient wisdom to current topics. Contemporary indigenous communities the world over remain faithful to their won stories and legacy, rather than the sometimes more popular myths of modernity.\"(Kelly) Christian missionaries have made all sorts of incursions on the Diné Nation, but Kluckhohn and Leighton say about the Diné, that \"It is difficult indeed to evaluate the influences of these (non-Diné) religious groups in the past and at present. The number of nominal Christians among the Navajos is fairly large in some localities, but most of them continue their adherence to native beliefs and practices.\" \"Christianity speaks of far off lands. The Bible speaks only of a male God of a society where authority and responsibility centers chiefly in men…Navajos miss Changing Woman (daughter of First Woman and First Man)…and the whole feeling for the position of women embodied alike in their social organization and religious lore.\"(Kluckhohn, 133) Another reason they stick to their own beliefs is that \"The picture of a god who is entirely good is hard for The People to understand, for their whole outlook insists that all beings have an evil as well as a good side.\"(Kluckhohn, 133)  Christianity has little in it to appeal to the Diné. Their way of life works for them and still helps them understand the world about them. Their <em>Diné bahané</em> is still a valid and living belief system.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">I find the <em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é<em> </em>a superior work to any other of its kind that now exists. I find it down to earth, practical, and accessible. \"The Diné creation myth indicates that there is no dichotomy between the natural and the supernatural.\"(Lampshere) That idea resonates with my experience of the universe. Also, attractive to me, as an integral part of the myth, is the idea of hózhó. Hózhó is what the Diné believe is the ideal way for humans to live. It combines beauty, balance and harmony. \"In Diné belief, the term hózhó refers to a positive or ideal environment. As Witherspoon puts it, ‘The goal of Diné life, in this world, is to live to maturity in the condition described as hózhó and to die of old age, the result of which incorporates one into the universal beauty, harmony, and happiness. \"(Lampshere) I can’t imagine what higher purpose a person could hope for while living here on Earth. All of living is a reason for prayer, meditation and song for the Diné. Then there is the fact that a Diné person doesn’t have to go to a special place to worship. \"The primary function of the hogan (the Dine round house) is a place for ceremonies and prayers.\"(Lampshere) Where all is sacred, especially in the home, there is less chance for the other. Although certain men and women know more songs, chants, and the rituals that go with them, than others, all Diné are practitioners in the Diné way of life. In Diné culture, all songs, come directly and indirectly from the <em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é. According to Gladys Reichard, a leading authority on the Diné, \"songs are a form of wealth.\"(Reichard, 289) So, if I have a song, I am rich. This is not a materially based culture. If only we had collected songs instead of gold, our world might still be inhabitable.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">For all these reasons and more, I would urge everyone to vote the <em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é be included in the time capsule. This story carries values and beliefs that should be learned and passed on. The Western tradition, of dominance rather that partnership with nature and others, has led directly to the destruction of Earth as a viable place to live. Christianity has aided this downfall. In the story of <em>Adam and Eve</em>, when God cedes dominance over all plants and creatures to Adam, He neglects to mention that good husbandry and community should be part of the equation. Hopefully, unlike Adam and Eve, we are not exiled forever, but can find a new world, and do as the Diné ancestors did. We should hold a council, discuss quietly among ourselves and come to a consensus of opinion that this is a good world and that we don’t want to do anything unintelligent.(Zolbrod, 47)  Without a completely new set of principles, I believe we are doomed to a life of sin and suffering and will get the same results we have experienced here on this Earth. I for one do not wish this devastation on the children of earth. I would love to see them begin anew in the old way of the <em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é. Let our children all become practitioners, and singers in a way of life that allows them to evolve in beauty and harmony with their fellow creations. I believe that the \"<em>Din</em>é<em> bahan</em>é\", as written by Paul G. Zolbrod, is one of the necessary precious works that get put into the time capsule when it leaves earth. I hope you will too and vote for it and our survival in the next world.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"CENTER\"></p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"CENTER\">Bibliography</p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">Kelly, Dennis F. <em>North American Indian Religions: Mythic Themes</em>  Encyclopaedia of Religion, 2nd Ed. 2005 Web. 4 Sept. 2011.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\"></p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">Kluckhohn, Clyde and Dorothea Leighton, <em>The Navaho </em>Garden City: Doubleday and Company, Inc. 1962. Print.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\"></p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">Lampshere, Louise and Marilyn Notah Verney <em>Navajo Religious Traditions Encyclopedia of Religion, 2nd Ed., 2005:Blooms Literary Reference Online. Web. 23 Aug. 2011.</em></p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\"></p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">\"Native American Creation Myths\"<em> Encyclopaedia of World Writers, Beginnings Through the 13th Century. </em>Bloom’s Literary Reference Online, 2005. Web. 23 Aug. 2011.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\"></p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">Reichard, Gladys A.<em> Navajo Religion: A Study of Symbolism </em>Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990. Print.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\"></p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">Winson, Terrie<em> The Navajo </em>2002 W<sup>3W</sup>eb Design, May 2002. Web. 4 Sept. 2011</p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\"></p>\r\n<p dir=\"LTR\" align=\"LEFT\">Zolbrod, Paul G. <em>Dinē bahanē</em> <em>The Navajo Creation Story </em>Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. 1985. Print.</p>\r\n\r\n</div>','Diné bahané (The Diné Creation Story)','','inherit','open','open','','1552-revision-2','','','2011-09-18 13:28:32','2011-09-18 19:28:32','',1552,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1557',0,'revision','',0),(3449,75,'2013-10-14 11:44:25','2013-10-14 17:44:25','','greco','','inherit','open','open','','greco','','','2013-10-14 11:44:25','2013-10-14 17:44:25','',3407,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/greco.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(3450,94,'2013-10-14 11:45:48','2013-10-14 17:45:48','<p align=\"center\"><a href=\"http://irisonbooks.files.wordpress.com/2010/05/candide1.jpg\">http://irisonbooks.files.wordpress.com/2010/05/candide1.jpg</a></p>\n<p align=\"center\">Voltaire’s Candide</p>\nBorn on November 21, 1694, in Paris, France, Voltaire was exiled to Tulle in 1715. Two years later, in 1717, he returned to Paris, only to be arrested and exiled to the Bastille for a year. He was sent to the Bastille again in 1726, before being shipped off to England. In 1733, he fled to Lorraine, and in 1759, he wrote the satirical novella Candide. In 1778, Voltaire returned to Paris, where he died there on May 30 of that year. Widely considered one of France\'s greatest Enlightenment writers, Voltaire was born Francois-Marie Arouet to an upper-middle class family on November 21, 1694, in Paris, France. He was the youngest of five children born to Francois Arouet and Marie Marguerite Daumand. When Voltaire was just 7 years old, his mother passed away. Following her death, he grew closer to his free-thinking godfather. In 1704, Voltaire began to show promise as a writer while receiving a classical education at the College Louis-le-Grand, a Jesuit secondary school in Paris.\n\n“Candide, ou l\'Optimisme” is a French satire first published in 1759 by Voltaire.  Candide is the illegitimate nephew of a German baron. He grows up in the baron’s castle under the tutelage of the scholar Pangloss, who teaches him that this world is “the best of all possible worlds.” Candide falls in love with the baron’s young daughter, Cunegonde. The baron catches the two kissing and expels Candide from his home. On his own for the first time, Candide is soon conscripted into the army of the Bulgars. He wanders away from camp for a brief walk, and is brutally flogged as a deserter. After witnessing a horrific battle, he manages to escape and travels to Holland. Candide I guess is Voltaire’s expression of his exile from Paris during his own time and how he experienced many historical events that took place. Candide is the protagonist of the novel, but he is bland, naïve, and highly susceptible to\nthe influence of stronger characters. Like the other characters, Candide is less a realistic individual than the embodiment of a particular idea or folly that Voltaire wishes to illustrate. Candide’s name is derived from the Latin word “<i>Candidus</i>”, which means “white” and connotes fair-mindedness or a lack of corruption. As that name suggests, Candide begins the novel as a perfectly innocent-“wide-eyed in his worship of his tutor Pangloss’s wrongheaded optimistic philosophy, and completely unfamiliar with the ways of the world, man.\n\nPangloss and his student Candide maintain that “everything is for the best in this best of all possible worlds.” This idea is a reductively simplified version of the philosophies of a number of Enlightenment thinkers, most notably Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz (German mathematician and philosopher. He occupies a place in the history of mathematics and the history of philosophy.)  To these thinkers, the existence of any evil in the world would have to be a sign that God is either not entirely good or not all-powerful, and the idea of an imperfect God is nonsensical. These philosophers took for granted that God exists, and concluded that since God must be perfect, the world he created must be perfect also. According to these philosophers, people perceive imperfections in the world only because they do not understand God’s grand plan. Because Voltaire does not accept that a perfect God (or any God) has to exist, he can afford to mock the idea that the world must be completely good, and he heaps merciless satire on this idea throughout the novel. This would be the folly of optimism.\n\nThe earthquake in Candide is based on a real earthquake that leveled the city of Lisbon in 1755. Before writing Candide, Voltaire wrote a long poem about that event, which he interpreted as a sign of God’s indifference or even cruelty toward humanity. The earthquake represents all devastating natural events for which no reasonable justification can be found, though thinkers like Pangloss might do their best to fabricate flimsy justifications in order to maintain a philosophical approach to life.\n\nWhen Francois-Marie came of age (Voltaire), the French aristocracy ruled with an iron fist. At the same time, however, the intellectual movement known as the Enlightenment was spreading ideas about the equality and basic rights of man and the importance of reason and scientific objectivity.\n\nVoltaire’s words attacked the church and the state with equal fervor, and earned him widespread repute. During his lifetime, trenchant writings attacking church or government were often attributed to him whether he had written them or not. A lifelong champion of the poor and downtrodden, he wrote against tyranny and religious persecution with unmatched audacity. Despite his relentless criticism of powerful individuals and institutions, Voltaire became good friends with King Frederick of Prussia. They often quarreled, as Voltaire inevitably quarreled with anyone in power, but the ties of their friendship were lasting.\n\n&nbsp;\n\nIn the 1750s, Voltaire grew increasingly appalled by the specters of injustice and disaster that he saw around him. Many terrible events influenced his composition of Candide (a disastrous earthquake in Lisbon in 1755, about which he wrote a poem; the outbreak of the horrific Seven Years’ War in the German states in 1756; and the unjust execution of the English Admiral John Byng in 1757, against which Voltaire spoke out.) In 1759, Voltaire purchased Ferney, an estate near the border between France and Switzerland, so that he might easily flee across the border to escape French authorities. Ferney quickly became a retreat for important European intellectuals. In his later life Voltaire was involved in a wide variety of campaigns for social and political justice. When he returned to Paris at the age of eighty-three the populace hailed him with a hero’s welcome. The strain of the trip was more than his failing health could support, however, and he died in May of 1778. Overall I loved reading Candide because it was hilarious yet riveting and the satire never stopped so it was funny continuously. Things got a bit out of hand faster then I’d expect in most novels. In Voltaire’s time optimism was seen as a philosophical system, so therefore it was not taken lightly, for optimism was “an enemy”.\n\nThe implications of Candide’s decision can be interpreted in different ways. Nevertheless, certain aspects of the story’s conclusion are inescapable. Philosophical optimism is not an explanation for life, the evil in the world has no satisfactory explanation (evil can’t always be explained) and observation and experience are better teachers than philosophy. I believe many people today would agree with that conclusion, though there is still much debate on the proper responses to the injustice, poverty and evil in the form of war and genocide. As some say this evil will always exist in this cosmic dance of bursting decadence and withheld permissions. Others may believe that a radical solution will fix this. And those, like Candide, may see it fit that gradual improvements are the solution only. Those questions are still with us, such as “What solutions would you propose for problems in your community, like crime, poverty, or ignorance?”\n\nCandide, in my opinion compares distinctively to Milton’s Paradise Lost. Paradise Lost is an epic poem in blank verse by the 17th century English poet John Milton (1608-1674). It was originally published in 1667 in ten books, with a total of over ten thousand individual lines of verse. A second edition followed in 1674, changed into twelve books with minor revisions throughout and a note on the versification. It is considered by critics to be Milton\'s \"major work\", and the work helped to solidify his reputation as one of the greatest English poets of his time. The poem concerns the Biblical story of the Fall of Man: the temptation of Adam and Eve by the fallen angel Satan and their expulsion from the Garden of Eden. Milton\'s purpose, stated in Book I, is to \"justify the ways of God to men\".\n\nIn relation to the novel, Candide, my interpretations of the his final words “ ‘All that is very well,’ answered Candide, ‘but let us cultivate our garden’” can be applied to the rest of the novel and Candide’s life. At the end of the novel Candide is accepting that his wife is no longer beautiful and becomes disagreeable too, his friends are debating philosophy when they are invited to dinner by a farmer and decide to imitate that life. Farming is hard work to make a good living and for Candide and his wife and friends decided it was the best way to settle down now that all their exploration days are gone. When Candide says his final statement he has embraced the past which is all the misfortunes that have happened but him working on his farm and cultivating his garden to make the best of what he has. This shows Candide knows where he has been and what he has done and even though he doesn’t have the best wife, the most money, or the greatest friends he still has agreed to cultivate and work towards the future and try to be content with what he has.\n\nCandide’s final statement can again be applied, but to the contemporary society of the United States because it works into part of the American Dream of working hard for a better life and building one’s career and self-up. The American Dream is in many ways similar to the cultivating of one’s garden, because it incorporates present, past, and future. Most Americans have a heritage that traces back through generations with many ethnicities, which is the past, and then the present is the cultivating that is happening right now, which may or may not produce crops. However there hope for a better tomorrow and working towards it in the future, which is part of the American Dream. But it also connects to contemporary America through the pursuit of happiness that hopefully through cultivating one should find or make happiness.\n\nI love reading these type of novels cause it really gives me a different look on the aspects of life and makes me feel kind of spiritual in a way, makes me think a lot about what the world may hold for the future.\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">Works Cited</p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"></p>','Voltaire\'s Candide','','inherit','open','open','','3425-autosave-v1','','','2013-10-14 11:45:48','2013-10-14 17:45:48','',3425,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=3450',0,'revision','',0),(1566,47,'2011-09-19 16:21:31','2011-09-19 22:21:31','','Don%20Quixote','','inherit','open','open','','don%20quixote','','','2011-09-19 16:21:31','2011-09-19 22:21:31','',0,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/Don%20Quixote.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1568,47,'2011-09-19 16:52:48','2011-09-19 22:52:48','<div class=\"mceTemp\"><dl><dt><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/don-quixote.jpg\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1569 aligncenter\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/don-quixote-220x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"220\" height=\"300\" /></a></dt><dd>http://brothersjudd.com/index.cfm/fuseaction/reviews.detail/book_id/223</dd></dl></div>\r\n“Don Quijote de la Mancha” written by Miguel de Cervantes in two parts published in 1605 and 1615; it is the first of its style and one of the first to mark the beginning of renaissance literature in Western Europe. “Don Quixote is a book for all seasons”( Stavans, Ilan) with its comical anti-romantic theme that influenced many writers and has become one of the most translated books after the bible(Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\").  Cervantes manage to write this entertaining novel that veer away from the usual medieval romantic literature and used Don Quixote as a figure that mock the romantic medieval knight. “Don Quixote” is an entertaining novel that should be preserved in order to influence all future generations to be original and not usual.<!--more-->\r\n\r\nCervantes manage to write his best novel at the end of his failed writing career. In 1605 Miguel de Cervantes, after a disappointing literary career, convinces a printer to publish his novel (Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\"). “Don Quixote” is the story of a gentleman called Quejana that owns a bookstore filled with chivalric romances. After becoming more and more submerged in the stories of knights and quests, Signor Quejana makes an illusive world in which he becomes Don Quixote, a knight, who has come to fight evil, and restore the world to the Golden Age (Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\"). Don Quixote with his trusted side kick, Sancho Panza, set out to fight giants which are actually windmills and armies that actually are flocks of sheep (Fiero). “Don Quixote is the first novel of the western prose tradition to reflect in fiction the psychological growth and change that persons experienced in real life.”( Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\")\r\n\r\nThe war for Spain was inevitable with the Turks occupying Cyprus in 1570, and a young Cervantes would join this battle. Even though there were many counts of Cervantes courage during battle, there were also many tragic events which shaped his novel “Don Quixote”. Cervantes fought heroically in the battle of Lepanto in 1571 but was injured and lost full use of his left hand, on his return to Spain, his voyage was attacked and captured by pirates (Encyclopædia Britannica). Cervantes was released after his ransom had been paid, but he had spent 5 years in slavery. Finding little success working as a writer in Spain and working as a tax collector, Cervantes was imprisoned for shortcomings in his accounts. The illusion of a romantic heroism shattered by war, slavery, and incarceration showed the disappointing reality that Cervantes reflected in his novel (Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\").\r\n\r\nThe insightful novel of the human mind created by Cervantes is an innovation of its era, as More’s Utopia which reflected individualism and Shakespeare searching for what makes us human. Although, Spain remained in a society which reflected medieval values, wealth was changing its social classes, and Spain was on the verge of a modern world. For Cervantes this was the perfect setting to use his modern novel to criticize the romantic medieval values instilled on Spain (Fiero). Don Quixote was not typical of its era; it was an innovation of its era to change the values of a country.\r\n\r\nNevertheless, Cervantes had created his masterpiece, after years of failure as a writer; Don Quixote was “an immediate success.”( Encyclopædia Britannica) Even though, Cervantes had sold the publishing right, and made little profit on the first part of Don Quixote that was published in January of 1605, and by August of the same year there were editions in Madrid, Lisbon, and Valencia. By 1612 the novel had been translated by Thomas Shelton and Cervantes had become as popular in England, France, and Italy, as he was in Spain. (Encyclopædia Britannica) Cervantes had become so popular that a fraudulent second part to his novel had appeared by 1614 with stolen material from Cervantes unpublished second part. In 1615 Cervantes published his second part exposing the fake in his novel (Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\"). When published, “Don Quixote” suffered minor changes due to the Spanish inquisition which confiscated any work with heretical ideas and condemned any artist to death. Cervantes once said “I would have made the book more amusing had it not been for the holy office.”(\"Censorship History of Don Quixote.\") In 1640 the book had again been changed for a single sentence that reflected Lutheran beliefs, but it wasn’t till 1981 that the book had completely been censured in Chile by General Pinochet “because it supported individual freedom and attacks authority.”(\"Censorship History of Don Quixote.\")\r\n\r\nShakespeare and Cervantes were two innovative writers of their time, who shift the literary world of their time. As they both searched for the realistic human emotions and found ways to entertain their audience using an exaggerated reality of the human life. They both change the literary world, although, Shakespeare surpasses Cervantes as a writer (Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\"). “Hamlet” (1602) had already been published by the time Cervantes was working on “Don Quixote.” The similarities in Hamlet and Don Quixote are vast even thought they both served different themes, as “Don Quixote” in a comical novel, and “Hamlet” is a tragic drama. Both of these characters serve as an insight into the defects of human and the realistic world we live, they are the two parts of what every human being are (Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\").). Hamlet motivated by revenge, with his egoistic attitude that only lives for himself, and by his own doing hurts himself. Then there is the comical Don Quixote who has fallen far into a web of stories created by society that has played with his mind, and motivated by courage, but deceived by his illusions. “It awakened a series of thoughts in us. In these two types there are embodied two opposite fundamental characteristics of a human being, - the axis around which the nature of man moves. All men belong, to some extent, to one of these two types; almost every one of us possesses the character of either Hamlet or Don Quixote. It is true that in our times there are far more Hamlets than Don Quixotes; but even Don Quixotes are not waiting.” (Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\").)\r\n\r\nIn the history of a novel, there has not been one with so many translations in so many different versions; Don Quixote is the second best selling book in history after the Bible. (Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\") Today, the story of Don Quixote has only grown in popularity, as Miguel de Unamuno once said, “there scarcely exist a person of even average education who does not have an idea of Don Quixote and Sancho.”( Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\") Don Quixote has served as an influence for many writers, has showed up in the works of Mark Twain and Ernest Hemingway, and even in the tongue of Shakespeare in 1612 as the “witty knight.”( Stavans, Ilan) Don Quixote and Sancho Panza will continue to influence those stories to come and bring laughter to future generation. Don Quixote is “the Bible of humanity,” as once said by the 19th century historian Sainte-Beuve.( Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\")\r\n\r\nThe story of “Don Quixote” has captivated my attention trough my education as the noble yet illusive character that was manipulated by the fictional stories he possessed. It is a novel filled with laughter as an old man rite a dying horse into battle against his own dilutions. Don Quixote is a character that should be remembered and preserved for the entertainment of future generation; this book will inspire next generations to remember the past and to change for the future.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nWork Cited\r\n\r\n--Fiero, Gloria K. “The Humanistic Tradition” Sixth Edition. The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2011.\r\n\r\n--Miguel de Cervantes.\" Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2011. Web. 19 Sep. 2011. &lt;<a href=\"http://www.britannica.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/103673/Miguel-de-Cervantes\">http://www.britannica.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/103673/Miguel-de-Cervantes</a>&gt;.\r\n\r\n--Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\" Encyclopedia of Renaissance Literature. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2006. Bloom\'s Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. <a href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin\">http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin</a>= ERL213&amp;SingleRecord=True\r\n\r\n--Stavans, Ilan.”One master, many Cervantes Don Quixote” copyright of humanities 2001\r\n\r\n--Bald, Margaret. \"Censorship History of Don Quixote.\" Banned Books: Literature Suppressed on Religious Grounds, Revised Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2006. Bloom\'s Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. <a href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin\">http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin</a>= BBR0056&amp;SingleRecord=True\r\n\r\n--Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\" The Novel 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Novels of All Time, Revised Edition. New York: Chelsea House Publishing, 2010. Bloom\'s Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. <a href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin\">http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin</a>= NOVLR001&amp;SingleRecord=True\r\n\r\n-- Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\" Trans. Josef Firi Král and Pavel Durdík. Poet-Lore 4.4 (15 Apr. 1892): 169-184. Rpt. in Literature Criticism from 1400 to 1800. Ed. James E. Person, Jr. Vol. 6. Detroit: Gale Research, 1987. Literature Resource Center. <a href=\"http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?&amp;id=GALE%7CH1420011991&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=LitRC&amp;sw=w\">http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?&amp;id=GALE%7CH1420011991&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=LitRC&amp;sw=w</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Don Quixote de la Mancha','','publish','open','open','','don-quixote-de-la-mancha-2','','','2011-09-21 07:30:08','2011-09-21 13:30:08','',0,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1568',0,'post','',15),(1569,47,'2011-09-19 16:37:55','2011-09-19 22:37:55','','don quixote','http://brothersjudd.com/index.cfm/fuseaction/reviews.detail/book_id/223','inherit','open','open','','don-quixote','','','2011-09-19 16:37:55','2011-09-19 22:37:55','',1568,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/don-quixote.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1570,47,'2011-09-19 16:45:52','2011-09-19 22:45:52','<div class=\"mceTemp\" style=\"text-align: center\"><dl><dt><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/don-quixote.jpg\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1569\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/don-quixote-220x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"220\" height=\"300\" /></a></dt><dd>http://brothersjudd.com/index.cfm/fuseaction/reviews.detail/book_id/223</dd></dl></div>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"></p>','Don Quixote de la Mancha','','inherit','open','open','','1568-revision','','','2011-09-19 16:45:52','2011-09-19 22:45:52','',1568,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1570',0,'revision','',0),(1571,47,'2011-09-19 16:46:43','2011-09-19 22:46:43','<div class=\"mceTemp\" style=\"text-align: center\"><dl><dt><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/don-quixote.jpg\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1569\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/don-quixote-220x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"220\" height=\"300\" /></a></dt><dd>http://brothersjudd.com/index.cfm/fuseaction/reviews.detail/book_id/223</dd></dl></div>\r\n“Don Quijote de la Mancha” written by Miguel de Cervantes in two parts published in 1605 and 1615; it is the first of its style and one of the first to mark the beginning of renaissance literature in Western Europe. “Don Quixote is a book for all seasons”( Stavans, Ilan) with its comical anti-romantic theme that influenced many writers and has become one of the most translated books after the bible(Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\").  Cervantes manage to write this entertaining novel that veer away from the usual medieval romantic literature and used Don Quixote as a figure that mock the romantic medieval knight. “Don Quixote” is an entertaining novel that should be preserved in order to influence all future generations to be original and not usual.\r\n\r\nCervantes manage to write his best novel at the end of his failed writing career. In 1605 Miguel de Cervantes, after a disappointing literary career, convinces a printer to publish his novel (Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\"). “Don Quixote” is the story of a gentleman called Quejana that owns a bookstore filled with chivalric romances. After becoming more and more submerged in the stories of knights and quests, Signor Quejana makes an illusive world in which he becomes Don Quixote, a knight, who has come to fight evil, and restore the world to the Golden Age (Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\"). Don Quixote with his trusted side kick, Sancho Panza, set out to fight giants which are actually windmills and armies that actually are flocks of sheep (Fiero). “Don Quixote is the first novel of the western prose tradition to reflect in fiction the psychological growth and change that persons experienced in real life.”( Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\")\r\n\r\nThe war for Spain was inevitable with the Turks occupying Cyprus in 1570, and a young Cervantes would join this battle. Even though there were many counts of Cervantes courage during battle, there were also many tragic events which shaped his novel “Don Quixote”. Cervantes fought heroically in the battle of Lepanto in 1571 but was injured and lost full use of his left hand, on his return to Spain, his voyage was attacked and captured by pirates (Encyclopædia Britannica). Cervantes was released after his ransom had been paid, but he had spent 5 years in slavery. Finding little success working as a writer in Spain and working as a tax collector, Cervantes was imprisoned for shortcomings in his accounts. The illusion of a romantic heroism shattered by war, slavery, and incarceration showed the disappointing reality that Cervantes reflected in his novel (Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\").\r\n\r\nThe insightful novel of the human mind created by Cervantes is an innovation of its era, as More’s Utopia which reflected individualism and Shakespeare searching for what makes us human. Although, Spain remained in a society which reflected medieval values, wealth was changing its social classes, and Spain was on the verge of a modern world. For Cervantes this was the perfect setting to use his modern novel to criticize the romantic medieval values instilled on Spain (Fiero). Don Quixote was not typical of its era; it was an innovation of its era to change the values of a country.\r\n\r\nNevertheless, Cervantes had created his masterpiece, after years of failure as a writer; Don Quixote was “an immediate success.”( Encyclopædia Britannica) Even though, Cervantes had sold the publishing right, and made little profit on the first part of Don Quixote that was published in January of 1605, and by August of the same year there were editions in Madrid, Lisbon, and Valencia. By 1612 the novel had been translated by Thomas Shelton and Cervantes had become as popular in England, France, and Italy, as he was in Spain. (Encyclopædia Britannica) Cervantes had become so popular that a fraudulent second part to his novel had appeared by 1614 with stolen material from Cervantes unpublished second part. In 1615 Cervantes published his second part exposing the fake in his novel (Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\"). When published, “Don Quixote” suffered minor changes due to the Spanish inquisition which confiscated any work with heretical ideas and condemned any artist to death. Cervantes once said “I would have made the book more amusing had it not been for the holy office.”(\"Censorship History of Don Quixote.\") In 1640 the book had again been changed for a single sentence that reflected Lutheran beliefs, but it wasn’t till 1981 that the book had completely been censured in Chile by General Pinochet “because it supported individual freedom and attacks authority.”(\"Censorship History of Don Quixote.\")\r\n\r\nShakespeare and Cervantes were two innovative writers of their time, who shift the literary world of their time. As they both searched for the realistic human emotions and found ways to entertain their audience using an exaggerated reality of the human life. They both change the literary world, although, Shakespeare surpasses Cervantes as a writer (Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\"). “Hamlet” (1602) had already been published by the time Cervantes was working on “Don Quixote.” The similarities in Hamlet and Don Quixote are vast even thought they both served different themes, as “Don Quixote” in a comical novel, and “Hamlet” is a tragic drama. Both of these characters serve as an insight into the defects of human and the realistic world we live, they are the two parts of what every human being are (Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\").). Hamlet motivated by revenge, with his egoistic attitude that only lives for himself, and by his own doing hurts himself. Then there is the comical Don Quixote who has fallen far into a web of stories created by society that has played with his mind, and motivated by courage, but deceived by his illusions. “It awakened a series of thoughts in us. In these two types there are embodied two opposite fundamental characteristics of a human being, - the axis around which the nature of man moves. All men belong, to some extent, to one of these two types; almost every one of us possesses the character of either Hamlet or Don Quixote. It is true that in our times there are far more Hamlets than Don Quixotes; but even Don Quixotes are not waiting.” (Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\").)\r\n\r\nIn the history of a novel, there has not been one with so many translations in so many different versions; Don Quixote is the second best selling book in history after the Bible. (Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\") Today, the story of Don Quixote has only grown in popularity, as Miguel de Unamuno once said, “there scarcely exist a person of even average education who does not have an idea of Don Quixote and Sancho.”( Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\") Don Quixote has served as an influence for many writers, has showed up in the works of Mark Twain and Ernest Hemingway, and even in the tongue of Shakespeare in 1612 as the “witty knight.”( Stavans, Ilan) Don Quixote and Sancho Panza will continue to influence those stories to come and bring laughter to future generation. Don Quixote is “the Bible of humanity,” as once said by the 19th century historian Sainte-Beuve.( Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\")\r\n\r\nThe story of “Don Quixote” has captivated my attention trough my education as the noble yet illusive character that was manipulated by the fictional stories he possessed. It is a novel filled with laughter as an old man rite a dying horse into battle against his own dilutions. Don Quixote is a character that should be remembered and preserved for the entertainment of future generation; this book will inspire next generations to remember the past and to change for the future.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nWork Cited\r\n\r\n--Fiero, Gloria K. “The Humanistic Tradition” Sixth Edition. The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2011.\r\n\r\n--Miguel de Cervantes.\" Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2011. Web. 19 Sep. 2011. &lt;<a href=\"http://www.britannica.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/103673/Miguel-de-Cervantes\">http://www.britannica.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/103673/Miguel-de-Cervantes</a>&gt;.\r\n\r\n--Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\" Encyclopedia of Renaissance Literature. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2006. Bloom\'s Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. <a href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin\">http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin</a>= ERL213&amp;SingleRecord=True\r\n\r\n--Stavans, Ilan.”One master, many Cervantes Don Quixote” copyright of humanities 2001\r\n\r\n--Bald, Margaret. \"Censorship History of Don Quixote.\" Banned Books: Literature Suppressed on Religious Grounds, Revised Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2006. Bloom\'s Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. <a href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin\">http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin</a>= BBR0056&amp;SingleRecord=True\r\n\r\n--Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\" The Novel 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Novels of All Time, Revised Edition. New York: Chelsea House Publishing, 2010. Bloom\'s Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. <a href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin\">http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin</a>= NOVLR001&amp;SingleRecord=True\r\n\r\n-- Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\" Trans. Josef Firi Král and Pavel Durdík. Poet-Lore 4.4 (15 Apr. 1892): 169-184. Rpt. in Literature Criticism from 1400 to 1800. Ed. James E. Person, Jr. Vol. 6. Detroit: Gale Research, 1987. Literature Resource Center. <a href=\"http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?&amp;id=GALE%7CH1420011991&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=LitRC&amp;sw=w\">http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?&amp;id=GALE%7CH1420011991&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=LitRC&amp;sw=w</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Don Quixote de la Mancha','','inherit','open','open','','1568-revision-2','','','2011-09-19 16:46:43','2011-09-19 22:46:43','',1568,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1571',0,'revision','',0),(1572,47,'2011-09-19 16:49:30','2011-09-19 22:49:30','<div class=\"mceTemp\" style=\"text-align: center\"><dl><dt><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/don-quixote.jpg\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1569\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/don-quixote-220x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"220\" height=\"300\" /></a></dt><dd>http://brothersjudd.com/index.cfm/fuseaction/reviews.detail/book_id/223</dd></dl></div>\r\n“Don Quijote de la Mancha” written by Miguel de Cervantes in two parts published in 1605 and 1615; it is the first of its style and one of the first to mark the beginning of renaissance literature in Western Europe. “Don Quixote is a book for all seasons”( Stavans, Ilan) with its comical anti-romantic theme that influenced many writers and has become one of the most translated books after the bible(Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\").  Cervantes manage to write this entertaining novel that veer away from the usual medieval romantic literature and used Don Quixote as a figure that mock the romantic medieval knight. “Don Quixote” is an entertaining novel that should be preserved in order to influence all future generations to be original and not usual.\r\n\r\nCervantes manage to write his best novel at the end of his failed writing career. In 1605 Miguel de Cervantes, after a disappointing literary career, convinces a printer to publish his novel (Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\"). “Don Quixote” is the story of a gentleman called Quejana that owns a bookstore filled with chivalric romances. After becoming more and more submerged in the stories of knights and quests, Signor Quejana makes an illusive world in which he becomes Don Quixote, a knight, who has come to fight evil, and restore the world to the Golden Age (Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\"). Don Quixote with his trusted side kick, Sancho Panza, set out to fight giants which are actually windmills and armies that actually are flocks of sheep (Fiero). “Don Quixote is the first novel of the western prose tradition to reflect in fiction the psychological growth and change that persons experienced in real life.”( Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\")\r\n\r\nThe war for Spain was inevitable with the Turks occupying Cyprus in 1570, and a young Cervantes would join this battle. Even though there were many counts of Cervantes courage during battle, there were also many tragic events which shaped his novel “Don Quixote”. Cervantes fought heroically in the battle of Lepanto in 1571 but was injured and lost full use of his left hand, on his return to Spain, his voyage was attacked and captured by pirates (Encyclopædia Britannica). Cervantes was released after his ransom had been paid, but he had spent 5 years in slavery. Finding little success working as a writer in Spain and working as a tax collector, Cervantes was imprisoned for shortcomings in his accounts. The illusion of a romantic heroism shattered by war, slavery, and incarceration showed the disappointing reality that Cervantes reflected in his novel (Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\").\r\n\r\nThe insightful novel of the human mind created by Cervantes is an innovation of its era, as More’s Utopia which reflected individualism and Shakespeare searching for what makes us human. Although, Spain remained in a society which reflected medieval values, wealth was changing its social classes, and Spain was on the verge of a modern world. For Cervantes this was the perfect setting to use his modern novel to criticize the romantic medieval values instilled on Spain (Fiero). Don Quixote was not typical of its era; it was an innovation of its era to change the values of a country.\r\n\r\nNevertheless, Cervantes had created his masterpiece, after years of failure as a writer; Don Quixote was “an immediate success.”( Encyclopædia Britannica) Even though, Cervantes had sold the publishing right, and made little profit on the first part of Don Quixote that was published in January of 1605, and by August of the same year there were editions in Madrid, Lisbon, and Valencia. By 1612 the novel had been translated by Thomas Shelton and Cervantes had become as popular in England, France, and Italy, as he was in Spain. (Encyclopædia Britannica) Cervantes had become so popular that a fraudulent second part to his novel had appeared by 1614 with stolen material from Cervantes unpublished second part. In 1615 Cervantes published his second part exposing the fake in his novel (Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\"). When published, “Don Quixote” suffered minor changes due to the Spanish inquisition which confiscated any work with heretical ideas and condemned any artist to death. Cervantes once said “I would have made the book more amusing had it not been for the holy office.”(\"Censorship History of Don Quixote.\") In 1640 the book had again been changed for a single sentence that reflected Lutheran beliefs, but it wasn’t till 1981 that the book had completely been censured in Chile by General Pinochet “because it supported individual freedom and attacks authority.”(\"Censorship History of Don Quixote.\")\r\n\r\nShakespeare and Cervantes were two innovative writers of their time, who shift the literary world of their time. As they both searched for the realistic human emotions and found ways to entertain their audience using an exaggerated reality of the human life. They both change the literary world, although, Shakespeare surpasses Cervantes as a writer (Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\"). “Hamlet” (1602) had already been published by the time Cervantes was working on “Don Quixote.” The similarities in Hamlet and Don Quixote are vast even thought they both served different themes, as “Don Quixote” in a comical novel, and “Hamlet” is a tragic drama. Both of these characters serve as an insight into the defects of human and the realistic world we live, they are the two parts of what every human being are (Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\").). Hamlet motivated by revenge, with his egoistic attitude that only lives for himself, and by his own doing hurts himself. Then there is the comical Don Quixote who has fallen far into a web of stories created by society that has played with his mind, and motivated by courage, but deceived by his illusions. “It awakened a series of thoughts in us. In these two types there are embodied two opposite fundamental characteristics of a human being, - the axis around which the nature of man moves. All men belong, to some extent, to one of these two types; almost every one of us possesses the character of either Hamlet or Don Quixote. It is true that in our times there are far more Hamlets than Don Quixotes; but even Don Quixotes are not waiting.” (Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\").)\r\n\r\nIn the history of a novel, there has not been one with so many translations in so many different versions; Don Quixote is the second best selling book in history after the Bible. (Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\") Today, the story of Don Quixote has only grown in popularity, as Miguel de Unamuno once said, “there scarcely exist a person of even average education who does not have an idea of Don Quixote and Sancho.”( Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\") Don Quixote has served as an influence for many writers, has showed up in the works of Mark Twain and Ernest Hemingway, and even in the tongue of Shakespeare in 1612 as the “witty knight.”( Stavans, Ilan) Don Quixote and Sancho Panza will continue to influence those stories to come and bring laughter to future generation. Don Quixote is “the Bible of humanity,” as once said by the 19th century historian Sainte-Beuve.( Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\")\r\n\r\nThe story of “Don Quixote” has captivated my attention trough my education as the noble yet illusive character that was manipulated by the fictional stories he possessed. It is a novel filled with laughter as an old man rite a dying horse into battle against his own dilutions. Don Quixote is a character that should be remembered and preserved for the entertainment of future generation; this book will inspire next generations to remember the past and to change for the future.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nWork Cited\r\n\r\n--Fiero, Gloria K. “The Humanistic Tradition” Sixth Edition. The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2011.\r\n\r\n--Miguel de Cervantes.\" Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2011. Web. 19 Sep. 2011. &lt;<a href=\"http://www.britannica.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/103673/Miguel-de-Cervantes\">http://www.britannica.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/103673/Miguel-de-Cervantes</a>&gt;.\r\n\r\n--Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\" Encyclopedia of Renaissance Literature. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2006. Bloom\'s Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. <a href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin\">http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin</a>= ERL213&amp;SingleRecord=True\r\n\r\n--Stavans, Ilan.”One master, many Cervantes Don Quixote” copyright of humanities 2001\r\n\r\n--Bald, Margaret. \"Censorship History of Don Quixote.\" Banned Books: Literature Suppressed on Religious Grounds, Revised Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2006. Bloom\'s Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. <a href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin\">http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin</a>= BBR0056&amp;SingleRecord=True\r\n\r\n--Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\" The Novel 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Novels of All Time, Revised Edition. New York: Chelsea House Publishing, 2010. Bloom\'s Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. <a href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin\">http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin</a>= NOVLR001&amp;SingleRecord=True\r\n\r\n-- Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\" Trans. Josef Firi Král and Pavel Durdík. Poet-Lore 4.4 (15 Apr. 1892): 169-184. Rpt. in Literature Criticism from 1400 to 1800. Ed. James E. Person, Jr. Vol. 6. Detroit: Gale Research, 1987. Literature Resource Center. <a href=\"http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?&amp;id=GALE%7CH1420011991&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=LitRC&amp;sw=w\">http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?&amp;id=GALE%7CH1420011991&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=LitRC&amp;sw=w</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Don Quixote de la Mancha','','inherit','open','open','','1568-revision-3','','','2011-09-19 16:49:30','2011-09-19 22:49:30','',1568,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1572',0,'revision','',0),(1573,47,'2011-09-28 12:30:17','2011-09-28 18:30:17','<div class=\"mceTemp\"><dl><dt><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/don-quixote.jpg\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1569 aligncenter\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/don-quixote-220x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"220\" height=\"300\" /></a></dt><dd>http://brothersjudd.com/index.cfm/fuseaction/reviews.detail/book_id/223</dd></dl></div>\n“Don Quijote de la Mancha” written by Miguel de Cervantes in two parts published in 1605 and 1615; it is the first of its style and one of the first to mark the beginning of renaissance literature in Western Europe. “Don Quixote is a book for all seasons”( Stavans, Ilan) with its comical anti-romantic theme that influenced many writers and has become one of the most translated books after the bible(Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\").  Cervantes manage to write this entertaining novel that veer away from the usual medieval romantic literature and used Don Quixote as a figure that mock the romantic medieval knight. “Don Quixote” is an entertaining novel that should be preserved in order to influence all future generations to be original and not usual.<!--more-->\n\nCervantes manage to write his best novel at the end of his failed writing career. In 1605 Miguel de Cervantes, after a disappointing literary career, convinces a printer to publish his novel (Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\"). “Don Quixote” is the story of a gentleman called Quejana that owns a bookstore filled with chivalric romances. After becoming more and more submerged in the stories of knights and quests, Signor Quejana makes an illusive world in which he becomes Don Quixote, a knight, who has come to fight evil, and restore the world to the Golden Age (Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\"). Don Quixote with his trusted side kick, Sancho Panza, set out to fight giants which are actually windmills and armies that actually are flocks of sheep (Fiero). “Don Quixote is the first novel of the western prose tradition to reflect in fiction the psychological growth and change that persons experienced in real life.”( Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\")\n\nThe war for Spain was inevitable with the Turks occupying Cyprus in 1570, and a young Cervantes would join this battle. Even though there were many counts of Cervantes courage during battle, there were also many tragic events which shaped his novel “Don Quixote”. Cervantes fought heroically in the battle of Lepanto in 1571 but was injured and lost full use of his left hand, on his return to Spain, his voyage was attacked and captured by pirates (Encyclopædia Britannica). Cervantes was released after his ransom had been paid, but he had spent 5 years in slavery. Finding little success working as a writer in Spain and working as a tax collector, Cervantes was imprisoned for shortcomings in his accounts. The illusion of a romantic heroism shattered by war, slavery, and incarceration showed the disappointing reality that Cervantes reflected in his novel (Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\").\n\nThe insightful novel of the human mind created by Cervantes is an innovation of its era, as More’s Utopia which reflected individualism and Shakespeare searching for what makes us human. Although, Spain remained in a society which reflected medieval values, wealth was changing its social classes, and Spain was on the verge of a modern world. For Cervantes this was the perfect setting to use his modern novel to criticize the romantic medieval values instilled on Spain (Fiero). Don Quixote was not typical of its era; it was an innovation of its era to change the values of a country.\n\nNevertheless, Cervantes had created his masterpiece, after years of failure as a writer; Don Quixote was “an immediate success.”( Encyclopædia Britannica) Even though, Cervantes had sold the publishing right, and made little profit on the first part of Don Quixote that was published in January of 1605, and by August of the same year there were editions in Madrid, Lisbon, and Valencia. By 1612 the novel had been translated by Thomas Shelton and Cervantes had become as popular in England, France, and Italy, as he was in Spain. (Encyclopædia Britannica) Cervantes had become so popular that a fraudulent second part to his novel had appeared by 1614 with stolen material from Cervantes unpublished second part. In 1615 Cervantes published his second part exposing the fake in his novel (Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\"). When published, “Don Quixote” suffered minor changes due to the Spanish inquisition which confiscated any work with heretical ideas and condemned any artist to death. Cervantes once said “I would have made the book more amusing had it not been for the holy office.”(\"Censorship History of Don Quixote.\") In 1640 the book had again been changed for a single sentence that reflected Lutheran beliefs, but it wasn’t till 1981 that the book had completely been censured in Chile by General Pinochet “because it supported individual freedom and attacks authority.”(\"Censorship History of Don Quixote.\")\n\nShakespeare and Cervantes were two innovative writers of their time, who shift the literary world of their time. As they both searched for the realistic human emotions and found ways to entertain their audience using an exaggerated reality of the human life. They both change the literary world, although, Shakespeare surpasses Cervantes as a writer (Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\"). “Hamlet” (1602) had already been published by the time Cervantes was working on “Don Quixote.” The similarities in Hamlet and Don Quixote are vast even thought they both served different themes, as “Don Quixote” in a comical novel, and “Hamlet” is a tragic drama. Both of these characters serve as an insight into the defects of human and the realistic world we live, they are the two parts of what every human being are (Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\").). Hamlet motivated by revenge, with his egoistic attitude that only lives for himself, and by his own doing hurts himself. Then there is the comical Don Quixote who has fallen far into a web of stories created by society that has played with his mind, and motivated by courage, but deceived by his illusions. “It awakened a series of thoughts in us. In these two types there are embodied two opposite fundamental characteristics of a human being, - the axis around which the nature of man moves. All men belong, to some extent, to one of these two types; almost every one of us possesses the character of either Hamlet or Don Quixote. It is true that in our times there are far more Hamlets than Don Quixotes; but even Don Quixotes are not waiting.” (Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\").)\n\nIn the history of a novel, there has not been one with so many translations in so many different versions; Don Quixote is the second best selling book in history after the Bible. (Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\") Today, the story of Don Quixote has only grown in popularity, as Miguel de Unamuno once said, “there scarcely exist a person of even average education who does not have an idea of Don Quixote and Sancho.”( Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\") Don Quixote has served as an influence for many writers, has showed up in the works of Mark Twain and Ernest Hemingway, and even in the tongue of Shakespeare in 1612 as the “witty knight.”( Stavans, Ilan) Don Quixote and Sancho Panza will continue to influence those stories to come and bring laughter to future generation. Don Quixote is “the Bible of humanity,” as once said by the 19th century historian Sainte-Beuve.( Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\")\n\nThe story of “Don Quixote” has captivated my attention trough my education as the noble yet illusive character that was manipulated by the fictional stories he possessed. It is a novel filled with laughter as an old man rite a dying horse into battle against his own dilutions. Don Quixote is a character that should be remembered and preserved for the entertainment of future generation; this book will inspire next generations to remember the past and to change for the future.\n\n&nbsp;\n\nWork Cited\n\n--Fiero, Gloria K. “The Humanistic Tradition” Sixth Edition. The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2011.\n\n--Miguel de Cervantes.\" Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2011. Web. 19 Sep. 2011. &lt;<a href=\"http://www.britannica.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/103673/Miguel-de-Cervantes\">http://www.britannica.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/103673/Miguel-de-Cervantes</a>&gt;.\n\n--Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\" Encyclopedia of Renaissance Literature. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2006. Bloom\'s Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. <a href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin\">http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin</a>= ERL213&amp;SingleRecord=True\n\n--Stavans, Ilan.”One master, many Cervantes Don Quixote” copyright of humanities 2001\n\n--Bald, Margaret. \"Censorship History of Don Quixote.\" Banned Books: Literature Suppressed on Religious Grounds, Revised Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2006. Bloom\'s Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. <a href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin\">http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin</a>= BBR0056&amp;SingleRecord=True\n\n--Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\" The Novel 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Novels of All Time, Revised Edition. New York: Chelsea House Publishing, 2010. Bloom\'s Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. <a href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin\">http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin</a>= NOVLR001&amp;SingleRecord=True\n\n-- Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\" Trans. Josef Firi Král and Pavel Durdík. Poet-Lore 4.4 (15 Apr. 1892): 169-184. Rpt. in Literature Criticism from 1400 to 1800. Ed. James E. Person, Jr. Vol. 6. Detroit: Gale Research, 1987. Literature Resource Center. <a href=\"http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?&amp;id=GALE%7CH1420011991&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=LitRC&amp;sw=w\">http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?&amp;id=GALE%7CH1420011991&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=LitRC&amp;sw=w</a>\n\n&nbsp;','Don Quixote de la Mancha','','inherit','open','open','','1568-autosave','','','2011-09-28 12:30:17','2011-09-28 18:30:17','',1568,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1573',0,'revision','',0),(1574,47,'2011-09-19 16:52:48','2011-09-19 22:52:48','<div class=\"mceTemp\" style=\"text-align: center\"><dl><dt><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/don-quixote.jpg\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1569\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/don-quixote-220x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"220\" height=\"300\" /></a></dt><dd>http://brothersjudd.com/index.cfm/fuseaction/reviews.detail/book_id/223</dd></dl></div>\r\n“Don Quijote de la Mancha” written by Miguel de Cervantes in two parts published in 1605 and 1615; it is the first of its style and one of the first to mark the beginning of renaissance literature in Western Europe. “Don Quixote is a book for all seasons”( Stavans, Ilan) with its comical anti-romantic theme that influenced many writers and has become one of the most translated books after the bible(Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\").  Cervantes manage to write this entertaining novel that veer away from the usual medieval romantic literature and used Don Quixote as a figure that mock the romantic medieval knight. “Don Quixote” is an entertaining novel that should be preserved in order to influence all future generations to be original and not usual.\r\n\r\nCervantes manage to write his best novel at the end of his failed writing career. In 1605 Miguel de Cervantes, after a disappointing literary career, convinces a printer to publish his novel (Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\"). “Don Quixote” is the story of a gentleman called Quejana that owns a bookstore filled with chivalric romances. After becoming more and more submerged in the stories of knights and quests, Signor Quejana makes an illusive world in which he becomes Don Quixote, a knight, who has come to fight evil, and restore the world to the Golden Age (Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\"). Don Quixote with his trusted side kick, Sancho Panza, set out to fight giants which are actually windmills and armies that actually are flocks of sheep (Fiero). “Don Quixote is the first novel of the western prose tradition to reflect in fiction the psychological growth and change that persons experienced in real life.”( Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\")\r\n\r\nThe war for Spain was inevitable with the Turks occupying Cyprus in 1570, and a young Cervantes would join this battle. Even though there were many counts of Cervantes courage during battle, there were also many tragic events which shaped his novel “Don Quixote”. Cervantes fought heroically in the battle of Lepanto in 1571 but was injured and lost full use of his left hand, on his return to Spain, his voyage was attacked and captured by pirates (Encyclopædia Britannica). Cervantes was released after his ransom had been paid, but he had spent 5 years in slavery. Finding little success working as a writer in Spain and working as a tax collector, Cervantes was imprisoned for shortcomings in his accounts. The illusion of a romantic heroism shattered by war, slavery, and incarceration showed the disappointing reality that Cervantes reflected in his novel (Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\").\r\n\r\nThe insightful novel of the human mind created by Cervantes is an innovation of its era, as More’s Utopia which reflected individualism and Shakespeare searching for what makes us human. Although, Spain remained in a society which reflected medieval values, wealth was changing its social classes, and Spain was on the verge of a modern world. For Cervantes this was the perfect setting to use his modern novel to criticize the romantic medieval values instilled on Spain (Fiero). Don Quixote was not typical of its era; it was an innovation of its era to change the values of a country.\r\n\r\nNevertheless, Cervantes had created his masterpiece, after years of failure as a writer; Don Quixote was “an immediate success.”( Encyclopædia Britannica) Even though, Cervantes had sold the publishing right, and made little profit on the first part of Don Quixote that was published in January of 1605, and by August of the same year there were editions in Madrid, Lisbon, and Valencia. By 1612 the novel had been translated by Thomas Shelton and Cervantes had become as popular in England, France, and Italy, as he was in Spain. (Encyclopædia Britannica) Cervantes had become so popular that a fraudulent second part to his novel had appeared by 1614 with stolen material from Cervantes unpublished second part. In 1615 Cervantes published his second part exposing the fake in his novel (Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\"). When published, “Don Quixote” suffered minor changes due to the Spanish inquisition which confiscated any work with heretical ideas and condemned any artist to death. Cervantes once said “I would have made the book more amusing had it not been for the holy office.”(\"Censorship History of Don Quixote.\") In 1640 the book had again been changed for a single sentence that reflected Lutheran beliefs, but it wasn’t till 1981 that the book had completely been censured in Chile by General Pinochet “because it supported individual freedom and attacks authority.”(\"Censorship History of Don Quixote.\")\r\n\r\nShakespeare and Cervantes were two innovative writers of their time, who shift the literary world of their time. As they both searched for the realistic human emotions and found ways to entertain their audience using an exaggerated reality of the human life. They both change the literary world, although, Shakespeare surpasses Cervantes as a writer (Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\"). “Hamlet” (1602) had already been published by the time Cervantes was working on “Don Quixote.” The similarities in Hamlet and Don Quixote are vast even thought they both served different themes, as “Don Quixote” in a comical novel, and “Hamlet” is a tragic drama. Both of these characters serve as an insight into the defects of human and the realistic world we live, they are the two parts of what every human being are (Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\").). Hamlet motivated by revenge, with his egoistic attitude that only lives for himself, and by his own doing hurts himself. Then there is the comical Don Quixote who has fallen far into a web of stories created by society that has played with his mind, and motivated by courage, but deceived by his illusions. “It awakened a series of thoughts in us. In these two types there are embodied two opposite fundamental characteristics of a human being, - the axis around which the nature of man moves. All men belong, to some extent, to one of these two types; almost every one of us possesses the character of either Hamlet or Don Quixote. It is true that in our times there are far more Hamlets than Don Quixotes; but even Don Quixotes are not waiting.” (Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\").)\r\n\r\nIn the history of a novel, there has not been one with so many translations in so many different versions; Don Quixote is the second best selling book in history after the Bible. (Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\") Today, the story of Don Quixote has only grown in popularity, as Miguel de Unamuno once said, “there scarcely exist a person of even average education who does not have an idea of Don Quixote and Sancho.”( Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\") Don Quixote has served as an influence for many writers, has showed up in the works of Mark Twain and Ernest Hemingway, and even in the tongue of Shakespeare in 1612 as the “witty knight.”( Stavans, Ilan) Don Quixote and Sancho Panza will continue to influence those stories to come and bring laughter to future generation. Don Quixote is “the Bible of humanity,” as once said by the 19th century historian Sainte-Beuve.( Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\")\r\n\r\nThe story of “Don Quixote” has captivated my attention trough my education as the noble yet illusive character that was manipulated by the fictional stories he possessed. It is a novel filled with laughter as an old man rite a dying horse into battle against his own dilutions. Don Quixote is a character that should be remembered and preserved for the entertainment of future generation; this book will inspire next generations to remember the past and to change for the future.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nWork Cited\r\n\r\n--Fiero, Gloria K. “The Humanistic Tradition” Sixth Edition. The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2011.\r\n\r\n--Miguel de Cervantes.\" Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2011. Web. 19 Sep. 2011. &lt;<a href=\"http://www.britannica.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/103673/Miguel-de-Cervantes\">http://www.britannica.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/103673/Miguel-de-Cervantes</a>&gt;.\r\n\r\n--Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\" Encyclopedia of Renaissance Literature. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2006. Bloom\'s Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. <a href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin\">http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin</a>= ERL213&amp;SingleRecord=True\r\n\r\n--Stavans, Ilan.”One master, many Cervantes Don Quixote” copyright of humanities 2001\r\n\r\n--Bald, Margaret. \"Censorship History of Don Quixote.\" Banned Books: Literature Suppressed on Religious Grounds, Revised Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2006. Bloom\'s Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. <a href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin\">http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin</a>= BBR0056&amp;SingleRecord=True\r\n\r\n--Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\" The Novel 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Novels of All Time, Revised Edition. New York: Chelsea House Publishing, 2010. Bloom\'s Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. <a href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin\">http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin</a>= NOVLR001&amp;SingleRecord=True\r\n\r\n-- Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\" Trans. Josef Firi Král and Pavel Durdík. Poet-Lore 4.4 (15 Apr. 1892): 169-184. Rpt. in Literature Criticism from 1400 to 1800. Ed. James E. Person, Jr. Vol. 6. Detroit: Gale Research, 1987. Literature Resource Center. <a href=\"http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?&amp;id=GALE%7CH1420011991&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=LitRC&amp;sw=w\">http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?&amp;id=GALE%7CH1420011991&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=LitRC&amp;sw=w</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Don Quixote de la Mancha','','inherit','open','open','','1568-revision-4','','','2011-09-19 16:52:48','2011-09-19 22:52:48','',1568,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1574',0,'revision','',0),(1575,1,'2011-09-19 16:53:40','2011-09-19 22:53:40','<div class=\"mceTemp\" style=\"text-align: center\"><dl><dt><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/don-quixote.jpg\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1569\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/don-quixote-220x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"220\" height=\"300\" /></a></dt><dd>http://brothersjudd.com/index.cfm/fuseaction/reviews.detail/book_id/223</dd></dl></div>\r\n“Don Quijote de la Mancha” written by Miguel de Cervantes in two parts published in 1605 and 1615; it is the first of its style and one of the first to mark the beginning of renaissance literature in Western Europe. “Don Quixote is a book for all seasons”( Stavans, Ilan) with its comical anti-romantic theme that influenced many writers and has become one of the most translated books after the bible(Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\").  Cervantes manage to write this entertaining novel that veer away from the usual medieval romantic literature and used Don Quixote as a figure that mock the romantic medieval knight. “Don Quixote” is an entertaining novel that should be preserved in order to influence all future generations to be original and not usual.\r\n\r\nCervantes manage to write his best novel at the end of his failed writing career. In 1605 Miguel de Cervantes, after a disappointing literary career, convinces a printer to publish his novel (Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\"). “Don Quixote” is the story of a gentleman called Quejana that owns a bookstore filled with chivalric romances. After becoming more and more submerged in the stories of knights and quests, Signor Quejana makes an illusive world in which he becomes Don Quixote, a knight, who has come to fight evil, and restore the world to the Golden Age (Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\"). Don Quixote with his trusted side kick, Sancho Panza, set out to fight giants which are actually windmills and armies that actually are flocks of sheep (Fiero). “Don Quixote is the first novel of the western prose tradition to reflect in fiction the psychological growth and change that persons experienced in real life.”( Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\")\r\n\r\nThe war for Spain was inevitable with the Turks occupying Cyprus in 1570, and a young Cervantes would join this battle. Even though there were many counts of Cervantes courage during battle, there were also many tragic events which shaped his novel “Don Quixote”. Cervantes fought heroically in the battle of Lepanto in 1571 but was injured and lost full use of his left hand, on his return to Spain, his voyage was attacked and captured by pirates (Encyclopædia Britannica). Cervantes was released after his ransom had been paid, but he had spent 5 years in slavery. Finding little success working as a writer in Spain and working as a tax collector, Cervantes was imprisoned for shortcomings in his accounts. The illusion of a romantic heroism shattered by war, slavery, and incarceration showed the disappointing reality that Cervantes reflected in his novel (Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\").\r\n\r\nThe insightful novel of the human mind created by Cervantes is an innovation of its era, as More’s Utopia which reflected individualism and Shakespeare searching for what makes us human. Although, Spain remained in a society which reflected medieval values, wealth was changing its social classes, and Spain was on the verge of a modern world. For Cervantes this was the perfect setting to use his modern novel to criticize the romantic medieval values instilled on Spain (Fiero). Don Quixote was not typical of its era; it was an innovation of its era to change the values of a country.\r\n\r\nNevertheless, Cervantes had created his masterpiece, after years of failure as a writer; Don Quixote was “an immediate success.”( Encyclopædia Britannica) Even though, Cervantes had sold the publishing right, and made little profit on the first part of Don Quixote that was published in January of 1605, and by August of the same year there were editions in Madrid, Lisbon, and Valencia. By 1612 the novel had been translated by Thomas Shelton and Cervantes had become as popular in England, France, and Italy, as he was in Spain. (Encyclopædia Britannica) Cervantes had become so popular that a fraudulent second part to his novel had appeared by 1614 with stolen material from Cervantes unpublished second part. In 1615 Cervantes published his second part exposing the fake in his novel (Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\"). When published, “Don Quixote” suffered minor changes due to the Spanish inquisition which confiscated any work with heretical ideas and condemned any artist to death. Cervantes once said “I would have made the book more amusing had it not been for the holy office.”(\"Censorship History of Don Quixote.\") In 1640 the book had again been changed for a single sentence that reflected Lutheran beliefs, but it wasn’t till 1981 that the book had completely been censured in Chile by General Pinochet “because it supported individual freedom and attacks authority.”(\"Censorship History of Don Quixote.\")\r\n\r\nShakespeare and Cervantes were two innovative writers of their time, who shift the literary world of their time. As they both searched for the realistic human emotions and found ways to entertain their audience using an exaggerated reality of the human life. They both change the literary world, although, Shakespeare surpasses Cervantes as a writer (Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\"). “Hamlet” (1602) had already been published by the time Cervantes was working on “Don Quixote.” The similarities in Hamlet and Don Quixote are vast even thought they both served different themes, as “Don Quixote” in a comical novel, and “Hamlet” is a tragic drama. Both of these characters serve as an insight into the defects of human and the realistic world we live, they are the two parts of what every human being are (Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\").). Hamlet motivated by revenge, with his egoistic attitude that only lives for himself, and by his own doing hurts himself. Then there is the comical Don Quixote who has fallen far into a web of stories created by society that has played with his mind, and motivated by courage, but deceived by his illusions. “It awakened a series of thoughts in us. In these two types there are embodied two opposite fundamental characteristics of a human being, - the axis around which the nature of man moves. All men belong, to some extent, to one of these two types; almost every one of us possesses the character of either Hamlet or Don Quixote. It is true that in our times there are far more Hamlets than Don Quixotes; but even Don Quixotes are not waiting.” (Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\").)\r\n\r\nIn the history of a novel, there has not been one with so many translations in so many different versions; Don Quixote is the second best selling book in history after the Bible. (Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\") Today, the story of Don Quixote has only grown in popularity, as Miguel de Unamuno once said, “there scarcely exist a person of even average education who does not have an idea of Don Quixote and Sancho.”( Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\") Don Quixote has served as an influence for many writers, has showed up in the works of Mark Twain and Ernest Hemingway, and even in the tongue of Shakespeare in 1612 as the “witty knight.”( Stavans, Ilan) Don Quixote and Sancho Panza will continue to influence those stories to come and bring laughter to future generation. Don Quixote is “the Bible of humanity,” as once said by the 19th century historian Sainte-Beuve.( Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\")\r\n\r\nThe story of “Don Quixote” has captivated my attention trough my education as the noble yet illusive character that was manipulated by the fictional stories he possessed. It is a novel filled with laughter as an old man rite a dying horse into battle against his own dilutions. Don Quixote is a character that should be remembered and preserved for the entertainment of future generation; this book will inspire next generations to remember the past and to change for the future.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nWork Cited\r\n\r\n--Fiero, Gloria K. “The Humanistic Tradition” Sixth Edition. The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2011.\r\n\r\n--Miguel de Cervantes.\" Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2011. Web. 19 Sep. 2011. &lt;<a href=\"http://www.britannica.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/103673/Miguel-de-Cervantes\">http://www.britannica.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/103673/Miguel-de-Cervantes</a>&gt;.\r\n\r\n--Cook, James Wyatt. \"Don Quixote.\" Encyclopedia of Renaissance Literature. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2006. Bloom\'s Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. <a href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin\">http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin</a>= ERL213&amp;SingleRecord=True\r\n\r\n--Stavans, Ilan.”One master, many Cervantes Don Quixote” copyright of humanities 2001\r\n\r\n--Bald, Margaret. \"Censorship History of Don Quixote.\" Banned Books: Literature Suppressed on Religious Grounds, Revised Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2006. Bloom\'s Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. <a href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin\">http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin</a>= BBR0056&amp;SingleRecord=True\r\n\r\n--Burt, Daniel S. \"Don Quixote.\" The Novel 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Novels of All Time, Revised Edition. New York: Chelsea House Publishing, 2010. Bloom\'s Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. <a href=\"http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin\">http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE54&amp;SID=5&amp;iPin</a>= NOVLR001&amp;SingleRecord=True\r\n\r\n-- Turgeniev, Ivan. \"Hamlet and Don Quixote.\" Trans. Josef Firi Král and Pavel Durdík. Poet-Lore 4.4 (15 Apr. 1892): 169-184. Rpt. in Literature Criticism from 1400 to 1800. Ed. James E. Person, Jr. Vol. 6. Detroit: Gale Research, 1987. Literature Resource Center. <a href=\"http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?&amp;id=GALE%7CH1420011991&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=LitRC&amp;sw=w\">http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?&amp;id=GALE%7CH1420011991&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=LitRC&amp;sw=w</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Don Quixote de la Mancha','','inherit','open','open','','1568-revision-5','','','2011-09-19 16:53:40','2011-09-19 22:53:40','',1568,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=1575',0,'revision','',0),(1576,43,'2011-09-19 17:37:01','2011-09-19 23:37:01','<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/van-Eycks-Arnolfini-Portrait1.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1580\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/van-Eycks-Arnolfini-Portrait1-220x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"220\" height=\"300\" /></a>\r\n<p align=\"center\"><a href=\"http://narlinswords.files.wordpress.com/2009/09/van-eyck-arnolfini-portrait-page-1.jpg?w=310&amp;h=400\">http://narlinswords.files.wordpress.com/2009/09/van-eyck-arnolfini-portrait-page-1.jpg?w=310&amp;h=400</a></p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe <em>Arnolfini Portrait</em> or <em>Arnolfini Marriage </em>was painted by Jan van Eyck in 1434. This oil on canvas painting depicts a man and a woman, perhaps a pre–wedding portrait, holding hands in an upper–class looking room. Some major points of the picture are a dog standing on the floor between the two people, a chandelier hanging from the ceiling, a mirror on the back wall behind them, a window to the left, and a bed to the right. The man is wearing a hat, and the woman is also wearing some form of hat on her head. They are both wearing long drape–like clothing. This work, <em>Arnolfini Portrait </em>by van Eyck should be preserved because of  its symbolism and attention to detail.<!--more-->\r\n\r\nIn the 1400’s the Medici family (Cosimo in 1434) took control of the government in Florence, Italy. It affected the arts because Cosimo was a supporter of sculptors and artists (Stephanie). The religious movement, devotio moderna, spread throughout Northern Europe in the late 14<sup>th</sup> to 16<sup>th</sup> centuries, it stressed meditation and the “inner life (devotio).”\r\n\r\nThis work is typical of its era because it was usual to find oil painting portraitures, seeing as Jan van Eyck did perfect oil paintings in Early Renaissance (Fiero), which is when this painting was made. Another thing that makes this painting typical of its era is the dog on the bottom of the picture. It was usual for paintings to involve a dog, representing faith and fidelity (Panofsky). During this time period the subjects of most paintings were people (Fiero). Middle class patrons approved of paintings that “recorded their physical appearance and brought attention to their earthly achievements (Fiero).”\r\n\r\nWhat makes this work stand out from its peers is its attention to detail and how each detail stands for or represents something greater. Most Northern paintings had this characteristic, while most Italian Renaissance pieces did not (Fiero). This work was considered innovative because it “achieved the impression of dense, atmospheric space, and simulated the naturalistic effects of light reflecting off the surfaces of objects (Fiero).”\r\n\r\nThis work was received as innovative and revolutionary during its time because it was one of the first to achieve many aspects that it has become famous for such as the level of realism, extreme detail, and reference to religion and marriage (Fiero). Since in this painting, the man’s left hand was bound to the woman’s right hand, it was considered a “left hand marriage” which meant the woman had no rights of inheritance (Sandler), so this sparked some upset by its viewers.\r\n\r\nToday, people think this classic work is important and one of the most famous works of art of the Early Renaissance. There is much speculation today about this painting. There are a few different interpretations of this work; one of which is allegorical. In this interpretation this portrait is viewed as a work that has symbolic references in its details, which is what makes this painting so famous (Jeffery). I do not see any differences in reception then and today.\r\n\r\nWhen I first saw this painting I did not think much of it. It was not until I started researching it that I became more interested in it. What I came to admire about this painting is how at first glance you don’t notice a lot of the detail, until you zoom in and find the writing above the mirror, reflection in the mirror, the single burning candle in the chandelier; to speculate that each of these stands for something is fascinating. Something I find meaningful about this portrait is the dog standing between the couple, which represents fidelity (Panofsky).\r\n\r\nIn Titian’s <em>Pastoral Concert</em>, also oil on canvas painting, similarities between that painting and the Arnolfini Portrait is that they both have humans as their subject matter. They are different thought because in Titian’s work, the ladies in the painting are nude, while van Eyck’s painting has the people clothed. They are not alike because Titian’s is outdoors and Eyck’s is indoors.\r\n\r\nThe most significant of things about this work is its symbolism and its attention to detail.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p align=\"center\">Works Cited</p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nFiero, First. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. 13. 2. McGraw-Hill, eBook\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nStephanie, <em>The Medici Family</em>. n. d. Web. 5 Sep. 2011. <a href=\"http://www.yesnet.yk.ca/schools/projects/renaissance/medici.html\">http://www.yesnet.yk.ca/schools/projects/renaissance/medici.html</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n\"devotio moderna.\" <em>Encyclopedia Britannica</em>. Web. <a href=\"http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/160366/devotio-moderna\">http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/160366/devotio-moderna</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nPanofsky, Erwin. <em>Jan van Eyck\'s Arnolfini Portrait</em>. 64. The Burlington Magazine Publications, 1934. eBook. &lt;http://www.scribd.com/doc/32667033/Erwin-Panofsky-1934-Jan-Van-Eyck-s-Arnolfini-Portrait-The-Burlington-Magazine-for-ConnoisseursT-LXIV-372-pp-117-119-122-127&gt;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nSandler, Lucy Freeman. <em>The Handclasp in the Arnolfini Wedding: A Manuscript Precedent</em>. 1984. eBook. <a href=\"http://ehis.ebscohost.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=dc31cbdf-7c74-4e67-8deb-5ca8a513624b%40sessionmgr112&amp;vid=1&amp;hid=121\">http://ehis.ebscohost.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=dc31cbdf-7c74-4e67-8deb-5ca8a513624b%40sessionmgr112&amp;vid=1&amp;hid=121</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nJeffery, Joshua. \"The Arnolfini Wedding Portrait: Interpretations.\" <em>The Blog of Joshua Jeffery</em>. WordPress, 17 Mar 2009. 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