(2639,61,'2012-09-25 17:43:49','2012-09-25 23:43:49','AUSTIN COMMUNITY COLLEGE\r\n\r\nTCP – 1 Michelangelo’s Dome of St. Peter’s Basilica\r\n\r\nJ.LAUER HUMA 1302-007 #13622\r\n\r\nPHILIP ROBINSON\r\n\r\n9/24/2012\r\n\r\nTime Capsule Project 1\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Image-1.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2630\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Image-1-208x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"208\" height=\"300\" /></a><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Michelangelos-St.-Peters-Dome-Google-Earth-Img..jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2637\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Michelangelos-St.-Peters-Dome-Google-Earth-Img.-300x251.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"251\" /></a>\r\n\r\nMichelangelo’s work on the Dome at St. Peter’s was a return to the former grandeur of Greek and Roman work brought forth during the renaissance period of classical humanism focusing on Christian and classical subjects. Michelangelo worked on St. Peter’s Basilica from 1546 until his death in 1564. At the time of the domes commission, wealthy merchants, and people of stature had been commissioning grand estates and pieces of art to decorate them. The church decided to follow in the footsteps of their patrons and commission a jewel for the Basilica. The trend was quite simple, the bigger and more elaborate the better. There are many facets of this particular building that are fascinating, however for this paper I will be focusing on the architectural facet.<!--more-->\r\n\r\nGiven the backdrop of the plague and its decimating effect on civilization and the lack of qualified artisans to rebuild, maintain, and improve basic societal infrastructure; one can imagine the rarity of skilled individuals capable of designing and building a dome of this magnitude . While sharing design aspects with the Pantheon of the Greek and Roman period, this renaissance period remodel is much larger. The interior of Michelangelo’s Dome of St. of St Peter’s is absolutely stunning. There are many artistic features of the interior that add considerable weight reinforcement necessities with regard to structural concerns. “The great dome soars above the altar and the baldacchino, sumptuously embellished with mosaic and stucco ornaments. It is supported by four structural piers with a perimeter of 71 m. and a height of 120 m. from the ground to the roof of the lantern. With the four Evangelists that are portrayed in medallions with a diameter of 8.5 m. The gigantic black letters (2 m. high) of this text on a gold background are lit by the light from 16 large windows, typical of Michelangelo\'s style, which punctuate the drum. Above the windows, the dome is divided into sixteen ribs and as many segments, decorated by majestic figures on six ascending concentric levels. Starting at the bottom the figures portray: 1. busts of the 16 popes buried in the basilica; 2. majestic figures of Christ, the Virgin Mary, St. Joseph, St. John the Baptist and various Apostles;3. in the rectangular frames, angels bearing the instruments of Jesus\' Passion; 4. the faces of cherubim and seraphim in circular medallions; 5. angels, the custodians of St. Peter\'s tomb; 6. additional faces of winged angels.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/10_IMG_70191.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2634\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/10_IMG_70191-300x216.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"216\" /></a>\r\nMany artists worked on these decorations. Clement VIII commissioned Giuseppe Cesari, known as Cavalier d\'Arpino (1568-1640) to carry out the upper part of the decoration. He prepared the cartoons from 1603 to 1612. His drawings were simultaneously transposed into mosaic by the best mosaic artists of the period. ”\r\nWhile other domes have been constructed had been constructed previously in and around Italy, I believe this particular piece stands out due to the sheer enormity and grandiosity of the structural modeling needed to support the dome that now crowns what was the Basilica. “To give a reference point: US Capitol-96ft, The Pantheon-142ft, and St Peter’s-138ft. ” Michelangelo’s St. Peter’s Dome in Rome and Brunelleschi’s Dome in Florence share many structural ideas. However, there are some obvious differences in height, diameter, and internal style. Both artists have drawn from the same basic structural design. Brunelleschi’s dome in Florence was the largest domed structure in Italy at 50 meters in diameter and 90 meters in height; finished post mortem 1473 . Then Michelangelo’s dome at the Basilica in Rome now stands at an impressive 71 meters in diameter and 120 meters in height finished post mortem 1590 . The largest differences between these two goliaths of humanistic engineering and artistic spirits would be the method of work that went into the project and the beauty that it portrays. While Brunelleschi focused on painting and architectural details, Michelangelo also incorporated ornate sculpture in his expression.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/tumblr_m5m6njjmfg1qgpvyjo1_12801.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2635\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/tumblr_m5m6njjmfg1qgpvyjo1_12801-208x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"208\" height=\"300\" /></a>\r\n\r\nI think that those inclined to the religious statements of the work received it well. “Michelangelo wanted people\'s first reaction as they walked into the dome is astonishment. People may be overwhelmed to see the amount of light that appears at the top of the dome and will lead and draw the audience\'s attention slowly toward the dome. However, the sensation must only last in an instant, because he didn\'t want people to feel secluded from the massiveness of the dome, rather be a part of the dimension of pure contemplation. ”\r\n\r\nIn the current view I believe that it is thought of as a symbol that might unify the people of the Catholic and Christian faiths. I think a lot of people today respect the amount of work that went into the project and the beauty that it portrays. I also believe that today people are less unified by a symbol of faith such as the Basilica due to the intelligence level of the populace and the availability of information on other faiths. It is also my belief that this and other great works with religious design are meant to inspire awe, respect, power, and control.\r\n\r\nWhy should Michelangelo’s Dome of St Peter’s be preserved in a time capsule? As an architectural drafting major, the part that I found most meaningful was the marriage of structure and art. It is just as beautiful on the outside as on the inside. The architectural statements of the time were amazing to me. This piece of history serves as an inspiration of faith for some, and a reminder of the past for others. I believe that what this piece and others like it are telling future generations is to appreciate the piece of art in front of you, but understand the roots from whence it came. Great achievements can be achieved by man when they focus on the task. Whatever the reason one ultimately decides on, the important piece is to remember.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n[1] Paraphrase from Fiero\r\n\r\n[1] Paraphrase - Fiero\r\n\r\n[1] Quoted and paraphrased from <a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome</a>\r\n\r\n[1] Quoted from <a href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html\">http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html</a>\r\n\r\n[1] Paraphrase - <a href=\"http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/\">http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/</a>\r\n\r\n[1] Quoted - <a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome</a>\r\n\r\n[1] Quoted - Helen Wu “<em>Honors In Rome” summer 2004 </em><a href=\"http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html\"><em>http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html</em></a><em></em>\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>Works Cited:</strong>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Interior/Dome/Dome.htm\"><em>http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Interior/Dome/Dome.htm</em></a><em>    </em>n.p., n.d., 10 September 2012\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/\">http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/</a>   …web, n.p., n.d., 23 September 2012\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html\">http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html</a>…web, n.p., n.d., 23 September 2012\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html\">http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html</a> Helen Wu “<em>Honors In Rome” summer 2004</em>…web, n.p., n.d., 23 September 201\r\n\r\nImage 1 <a href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/farbspiel/5053183077/in/photostream/lightbox/\">http://www.flickr.com/photos/farbspiel/5053183077/in/photostream/lightbox/</a>  …web, n.p., n.d., 23 September 2012\r\n\r\nImage 2 <a href=\"http://theridoureport.blogspot.com/2011/04/wood-model-of-dome-and-drum-for-saint.html\">http://theridoureport.blogspot.com/2011/04/wood-model-of-dome-and-drum-for-saint.html</a>…web, n.p., n.d., 23 September 2012\r\n\r\nImage 3 <a href=\"http://avoidbuilding.tumblr.com/image/25324803997\">http://avoidbuilding.tumblr.com/image/25324803997</a>…web, n.p., n.d., 23 September 2012\r\n\r\nImage 4 Google Earth image...pc application, n.p, n.d., 23 September 2012','Michelangelo\'s St. Peter\'s Dome','','inherit','open','open','','2393-revision-11','','','2012-09-25 17:43:49','2012-09-25 23:43:49','',2393,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2639',0,'revision','',0),(2664,1,'2012-09-25 13:00:34','2012-09-25 19:00:34','<img class=\"alignnone\" src=\"http://www.mexconnect.com/photos/8996-teotihuacan1s-p-panoramic-view-of-teotihuacan-looking-south-from-the-top-o-original.jpg?1267914708\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nThe  pyramids  of  Teotihuacan  are  one  of  the  oldest  pyramids  in are  history. They  are  located  in  Mexico  about  30miles  from  one  of  the  biggest  city’s  in  the  world  known  as  Mexico  City.  The  original  date  of  theses  pyramids  are  unknown  but  should  be  older then 200  a.d.  Also  for  a  time  period  the  Aztec  had  wondered  off  from  what  they  have  been told  by  their  gods, and  had  stumbled  upon  the  pyramids  of  Teotihuacan  to  have  as  there own  land. These  magnificent  pyramids  are  a  big  part  of  history  and  should  be  conserved for  future  generations  to  be  able  to  learn  from  them. If  these  Pyramids  would  be  destroyed  there  would  be  allot  off  useful   information gone. We  are  still  to  this  day  still  learning  and gaining knowledge  from studying  them.\r\n\r\n<!--nextpage-->There  are  many  important  historical  impacts   that  have  shaped  the  pyramids.  From  the  Mayans  having  it  has  there  kingdom. To  the  Aztec’s  defeat  of  Cortez  and his Spanish  armed  forces.Sciences  all  off  this  they  are  just used  for  a tourist  site. For  use  to  ask  who  had built these Pyramids we have  to  know  that  the  builders  are  still  to  this  day unknown. Some  general  knowledge  is  That  the  two  biggest  of the  pyramids  are  the  sun  and  the  moon  pyramids. They  are  a representation  of  a  strong  connection  that  the  people  had  both  with  their  gods  and  with  the  universe.\r\n\r\nTo  actually  say  what  era  the  pyramids  purpose  was  or  what  they  worked for  is  asking  what  many  of  the  different  tribal  backgrounds  have  used  them  for. You called point  out  what  the  Aztec  people  used them  for. It  was  there  place  of  worship, and gathering were all put to use during there time period.  You could compare it to the Great Pyramids of Egypt. Saying that they are both very important structures. just as the Egyptian pyramids they are enormous  in size and have barrel grounds in them for there kings in queens just as Teotihuacan do for there  leaders. They are alike in many  ways like the way they align up with each other. Even if they are so far apart from each other there functions are about the same throughout history. having different rulers over them and gods coming down are just some of the similarities they have. Also having  1used as dramatic stage for religious rituals and civic ceremonies.\r\n\r\n3Which making them very unusual and ahead of its structurally time period. A fact about the Sun and the Moon pyramid is that they are actually aligned up with the sun and the moon. The main street that connects them is called “Street of Dead” which in many cases could be interesting for why they called it that. Known for sightings of there gods for sacrifices or tolls they would receive  from them, also giving the people a greater knowledge of the world. I think of the gods they said they would come down from the sky “other worldly gods”. Which has made a very huge impact on what is being discovered. A cool thing about the name is that it means 1The Place Where Men Become Gods. Which was very interesting men becoming gods does that mean that they were given powers are just tools that made them like the gods.\r\n\r\nThought time they have been worked on and built on from different cultural groups forming there own certain structural features. For each time they were controlled by a group of people they had vast land to live off of. from the tools that were given to them had made there lives allot easier and made them able to think for them selves. There is contrivers  on how they received these gifts and how they were used in different eras.\r\n\r\nFor most part people just know that these pyramids of Teotihuacan are located in Mexico, and probably that the Aztec had apart to do with them. They are a significant part of Mexican history to show How we had started off. Their concerns for this place is some were to go on a family vacation or road trip. Some 2Archologists today are still stunned to how anyone would be able to pick up those thousand pound bricks. How they would be able to carried them or even move them from one spot to the next. Which i would think is mind boggling.\r\n\r\nMy thought how the Teotihuacan Pyramids is that we need to look deeper then what facts are given to use to really be able to learn and define what your thoughts are own the pyramids. I am also think that it is a very good thing to be able to know about what has gone down in history and in the very magnificent Structural grounds. For that i conclude that i am glad that i as able to go in depth about Teotihuacan.\r\n\r\nWork cited List\r\n1. www.ancient-wisdom.co.oh/mexicoteotihuacan.htm\r\nLewis Spence, Mexico and Peru, 1994, Senate press. Renato Vesco, David Hatcher Childress. Man Made UFO\'s. 2007. Adventures Unlimited Press.Fagan, Garrett G. (2006). Archaeological Fantasies: How Pseudoarchaeology Misrepresents the Past and Misleads the Public. New York: Routledge. pp. 102The atlas of mysterious places. Guild publishing. 1987. G. Hancock. Fingerprints of the gods. Mandarin. 1996.\r\n\r\n2.http://www.mexconnect.com/articles/823-the-great-pyramids-of-teotihuacan-mexico-place-of-the-gods823-the-great-pyramids-of-teotihuacan-mexico-place-of-the-gods\r\nBy: Allen Cogan\r\n3. http://www.aztec-history.com/\r\nThe Aztecs by Michael E. Smith (2003); Aztec Imperial Strategies by Frances F. Berdan, et al. (1996); Imperial Ends: The Decay, Collapse, and Revival of Empires by Alexander K. Motyl (2001); The Tenochca Empire of Ancient Mexico: The Triple Alliance of Tenochtitlan, Tetzcoco, and Tlacopan by Pedro Carrasco (1999)\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Pyramids of Teotihuacan ','','inherit','open','open','','2549-revision-8','','','2012-09-25 13:00:34','2012-09-25 19:00:34','',2549,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2664',0,'revision','',0),(2641,1,'2012-09-26 08:39:59','2012-09-26 14:39:59','','pico_d3','','inherit','open','open','','pico_d3','','','2012-09-26 08:39:59','2012-09-26 14:39:59','',2403,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/pico_d3.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2642,1,'2012-09-26 08:39:25','2012-09-26 14:39:25','<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Pic.rtf\">Pic</a><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Pic.rtf\">Pic</a>\r\n\r\nhttp://classicalastrologer.com/pico_d3.jpg\r\nWhy was Giovanni Pico Mirandolla’s Oration on the Dignity of Man Monumental?\r\n1. Name of Work: Oration on the Dignity of man.\r\n2. Creator: Giovanni Pico della Mirandolla\r\n3. Date: 1486\r\nBy: Joseph Avila\r\nIn this writing, Pico gives praise and full account to prove that human existence and thought have spawned from a creator of divine purpose, he gives light on a \"unity of truth\" for all mankind that gives hierarchical order, an order ”where man is right in the middle of earth” placed there by God. Pico gives complete thanks for being in this position and takes the reader by complete surprise.<!--more--> “Man is the most fortunate of living things, and consequently deserving of all admiration, we were made to be at the center of the world.\"(Fiero) “Pico ties traditional modern divinity purpose with philosophical ideals and rationales. Pico goes on to boldly challenge the church to debate on some 900 theological propositions that challenge the church\" at the young age of 24. A website describing Pico’s Oration “It thoroughly remaps the human landscape to center all attention on human capacity and the human perspective. Pico had a massive intellect and literally studied everything there was to be studied in the university curriculum of the Renaissance; the Oration in part is meant to be a preface to a massive compendium of all the intellectual achievements of humanity—a compendium that never appeared because of his early death.”1\r\n5. A general discussion of the historical context of its time (what were some of the major\r\nevents that shaped life at the time the work was created?).\r\nThe time frame that this was published could not have been more precise or more perfect of a time to introduce these writings to the world, these writings at this time helped create a movement, a movement that inspired a nation to stand up for what they believe in, and strive for excellence, and elevate mankind as a whole through individuality, this was a time when the Roman Catholic Church was branded with scandals and filled with conspiracies and inundated with corruption, Pico didn’t just give enlightenment on divine purpose but he added moral justice and rationalization which he said was \"heavenly\", he goes on to describe the individuals purpose as only \" a little lower than the angels.\" Pico lifted the world in an ethical and spiritual and divine way that gave the world a purpose, and pushed the world to strive for \"perfectibility of the individual,\" he pushed man to find their own destiny in the hierarchical order of life.\r\n1. Pico\'s work was not typical of this era, which made it more monumental. This work helped inspire a movement that was at the early stages of its life, an era that was in need for intellectual, rational and moral excellence that pushed away from corruption, it was the spawn of the renaissance (or rebirth) in a time of corruption from church officials. Christianity was the law, and Pico went against the law with his writings and stood up to the church, questioned and debated with them.\r\n2. This piece definitely stands out because Pico was like a light in the middle of darkness; he was giving people the truth, in a world of lies. He was leading the world on how to be one with God, and how to gain \"spiritual intelligence\" Pico states \"It is not freedom from the body which makes an angel, but its spiritual intelligence which makes an angel.\"(Fiero) Pico’s bold statements shock the world, but in a good way, he is saying we as humans not just have a divine purpose to fulfill but we as humans have the opportunity to become divine ourselves, only high priest had divine purpose at that time. Pico is not just undermining the church’s authority and the rule of the high priest, but he is saying all humans are divine, or have the abilities through there own decisions to become divine, he states “It will be in your power to descend to the lower, brutish forms of life, or you will be able through your own decisions to rise again to the superior orders whose life is divine.”(Fiero) “If rational, he will reveal himself as a heavenly being, if intellectual, he will be an angel and the son of God.” “ man who deserts the divine law becomes a brute” (Fiero) Pico warns people not to be \" a slave to your senses and to be dedicated to your stomach, but to be rational thus heavenly.\"(Fiero)\r\n\r\n3. The work was received as negative in its time in the Churches\' eyes; ”Pico was persecuted for heresy and was forced to flee Italy.” (Fiero)” ”When the Apology that Pico hastily published provoked Innocent to denounce all nine hundred Conclusions, the audacious young Count left for Paris, but at the pope\'s request he was detained by French authorities and briefly jailed.”(2) Some scholars argue that Pico’s theses were very important during this time, to blend religions. One article writes “Pico’s theses were an important symbol of the renaissance blending Christian and Greek ideas.”(3)\r\n\r\n4. People today view him and his writings as an iconic figure in Europe, an example is \"Frances Yates was the first to recognize Pico as a \"Christian magus,\" and to elevate his role in history, saying, \"The profound significance of Pico della Mirandola in the history of Humanity can hardly be overestimated. He it was who first boldly formulated a new position for European man, man as magus using both Magia and Cabala to act upon the world, to control his destiny by science.\" (Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition, Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1964, 116.\"(4) People today have a much different reaction then when it was originally written, the writings of Pico are held to extreme high acclaim.\r\n5. My initial reaction was that I was blown away, I have never read something that combines divinity, and spiritual grace with the thought of reason (Greek thought) woven into it, Pico also used other religious doctrines, Pico “Introduced to the Hebrew Kabbala, Pico became the first Christian scholar to use Kabbalistic doctrine in support of Christian theology. In 1486, planning to defend 900 theses he had drawn from diverse Greek, Hebrew, Arabic, and Latin writers, he invited scholars from all of Europe to Rome for a public disputation. For the occasion he composed his celebrated Oratio.”(5) What amazed me most was that Pico also says there is Divine purpose, a destiny but also free will at hand. Pico first starts out by stating \"God is the Father and the Mightiest Architect who has infinite wisdom\". (fiero)Pico states that it is your own decision to rise again to the superior orders whose life is divine, so he is stating that there is free will after biblical reason and purpose that again transcends back to its original higher realm of purpose, which is in a sense a choice from divine purpose.\r\n6. Pico’s work has a drastic reflection on other artist’, one artist is Raphael Sanzio, who was considered a master painter. Raphael painted a fresco for the Vatican Stanza della Segnatura, Raphael painted the School of Athens, in this painting Raphael immortalizes the company of great philosophers and scientist of history, \" At the center of the composition appear two giants of philosophy, Plato, who is pointing upward of heavenward to indicate that his view of reality is fixed in universal forms, and he is standing directly next to Aristotle who is pointing downward, to the earth, to indicate that universal truth depends on study of the earth.\" The painting clearly separates the two opposing views and draws the line right down the center of the painting, completely separating earth and heavenly views, this has a lot to do with Pico’s Divinity of man, according to Raphael, he is stating that there are two opposing views that have a fine line between them, fate verses free will, this goes against Pico’s ideas which state that they can both be of one “unity of truth” a heavenly divine purpose which can be impeded by your own fee will.\r\n7. It is hard to say what is most important of this work, I think this whole work is a masterpiece when it is whole, Pico warns the public of divine truth, and propels human thought and rationalization but to not forget that\" it is man\'s unique right to such unbounded admiration.\" that \" man is the most fortunate of living things.\"(fiero)I asked myself why does Pico view man as such fortunate of beings’, why does he hold man on such a high platform in his writings, calling man a “miracle”, after all the corruption and wars, lies and ignorance that constantly surrounds him, when man is capable of so many bad things. There was one theme to my question, Pico’s love for his God and love for man(humankind) to strive for perfection in oneself, to strive for justice and what is right, through rationalization. If we all learn to perfect ourselves as an individual first, then we can become close to perfect as a whole. Man is constantly changing, and has the power to transform, we are so great because we have the power within ourselves to choose to be great. We can change the world one individual at a time. In Pico’s words when God the father, the Mightiest Architect in his infinite hidden wisdom created humans, he created a creature which might comprehend the meaning of so vast an achievement, which might be moved with love and beauty and smitten with awe in its grandeur. He bethought Himself to bringing forth man.\r\n\r\nWorks Cited\r\n\r\n1. http://www.alcott.net/alcott/home/champions/Pico.html\r\n2. The Stanford Encyclopedia for Philosophy: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/pico-della-mirandola/ 6-3-2008\r\n3. C.F Wallis, Info please Encyclopedia 1965 http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0838961.html\r\n4. Francis Yates, Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition, Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1964, 116.\"\r\n5. Encyclopedia Britannica http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/459504/Giovanni-Pico-della-Mirandola-count-di-Concordia','Why Giovanni Pico Mirandolla\'s Oration on the Dignity of Man Monumental','','inherit','open','open','','2403-revision-7','','','2012-09-26 08:39:25','2012-09-26 14:39:25','',2403,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2642',0,'revision','',0),(2643,1,'2012-09-26 08:41:05','2012-09-26 14:41:05','<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/pico_d3.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-2641\" title=\"pico_d3\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/pico_d3-276x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"276\" height=\"300\" /></a>\r\n\r\nhttp://classicalastrologer.com/pico_d3.jpg\r\nWhy was Giovanni Pico Mirandolla’s Oration on the Dignity of Man Monumental?\r\n1. Name of Work: Oration on the Dignity of man.\r\n2. Creator: Giovanni Pico della Mirandolla\r\n3. Date: 1486\r\nBy: Joseph Avila\r\nIn this writing, Pico gives praise and full account to prove that human existence and thought have spawned from a creator of divine purpose, he gives light on a \"unity of truth\" for all mankind that gives hierarchical order, an order ”where man is right in the middle of earth” placed there by God. Pico gives complete thanks for being in this position and takes the reader by complete surprise.<!--more--> “Man is the most fortunate of living things, and consequently deserving of all admiration, we were made to be at the center of the world.\"(Fiero) “Pico ties traditional modern divinity purpose with philosophical ideals and rationales. Pico goes on to boldly challenge the church to debate on some 900 theological propositions that challenge the church\" at the young age of 24. A website describing Pico’s Oration “It thoroughly remaps the human landscape to center all attention on human capacity and the human perspective. Pico had a massive intellect and literally studied everything there was to be studied in the university curriculum of the Renaissance; the Oration in part is meant to be a preface to a massive compendium of all the intellectual achievements of humanity—a compendium that never appeared because of his early death.”1\r\n5. A general discussion of the historical context of its time (what were some of the major\r\nevents that shaped life at the time the work was created?).\r\nThe time frame that this was published could not have been more precise or more perfect of a time to introduce these writings to the world, these writings at this time helped create a movement, a movement that inspired a nation to stand up for what they believe in, and strive for excellence, and elevate mankind as a whole through individuality, this was a time when the Roman Catholic Church was branded with scandals and filled with conspiracies and inundated with corruption, Pico didn’t just give enlightenment on divine purpose but he added moral justice and rationalization which he said was \"heavenly\", he goes on to describe the individuals purpose as only \" a little lower than the angels.\" Pico lifted the world in an ethical and spiritual and divine way that gave the world a purpose, and pushed the world to strive for \"perfectibility of the individual,\" he pushed man to find their own destiny in the hierarchical order of life.\r\n1. Pico\'s work was not typical of this era, which made it more monumental. This work helped inspire a movement that was at the early stages of its life, an era that was in need for intellectual, rational and moral excellence that pushed away from corruption, it was the spawn of the renaissance (or rebirth) in a time of corruption from church officials. Christianity was the law, and Pico went against the law with his writings and stood up to the church, questioned and debated with them.\r\n2. This piece definitely stands out because Pico was like a light in the middle of darkness; he was giving people the truth, in a world of lies. He was leading the world on how to be one with God, and how to gain \"spiritual intelligence\" Pico states \"It is not freedom from the body which makes an angel, but its spiritual intelligence which makes an angel.\"(Fiero) Pico’s bold statements shock the world, but in a good way, he is saying we as humans not just have a divine purpose to fulfill but we as humans have the opportunity to become divine ourselves, only high priest had divine purpose at that time. Pico is not just undermining the church’s authority and the rule of the high priest, but he is saying all humans are divine, or have the abilities through there own decisions to become divine, he states “It will be in your power to descend to the lower, brutish forms of life, or you will be able through your own decisions to rise again to the superior orders whose life is divine.”(Fiero) “If rational, he will reveal himself as a heavenly being, if intellectual, he will be an angel and the son of God.” “ man who deserts the divine law becomes a brute” (Fiero) Pico warns people not to be \" a slave to your senses and to be dedicated to your stomach, but to be rational thus heavenly.\"(Fiero)\r\n\r\n3. The work was received as negative in its time in the Churches\' eyes; ”Pico was persecuted for heresy and was forced to flee Italy.” (Fiero)” ”When the Apology that Pico hastily published provoked Innocent to denounce all nine hundred Conclusions, the audacious young Count left for Paris, but at the pope\'s request he was detained by French authorities and briefly jailed.”(2) Some scholars argue that Pico’s theses were very important during this time, to blend religions. One article writes “Pico’s theses were an important symbol of the renaissance blending Christian and Greek ideas.”(3)\r\n\r\n4. People today view him and his writings as an iconic figure in Europe, an example is \"Frances Yates was the first to recognize Pico as a \"Christian magus,\" and to elevate his role in history, saying, \"The profound significance of Pico della Mirandola in the history of Humanity can hardly be overestimated. He it was who first boldly formulated a new position for European man, man as magus using both Magia and Cabala to act upon the world, to control his destiny by science.\" (Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition, Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1964, 116.\"(4) People today have a much different reaction then when it was originally written, the writings of Pico are held to extreme high acclaim.\r\n5. My initial reaction was that I was blown away, I have never read something that combines divinity, and spiritual grace with the thought of reason (Greek thought) woven into it, Pico also used other religious doctrines, Pico “Introduced to the Hebrew Kabbala, Pico became the first Christian scholar to use Kabbalistic doctrine in support of Christian theology. In 1486, planning to defend 900 theses he had drawn from diverse Greek, Hebrew, Arabic, and Latin writers, he invited scholars from all of Europe to Rome for a public disputation. For the occasion he composed his celebrated Oratio.”(5) What amazed me most was that Pico also says there is Divine purpose, a destiny but also free will at hand. Pico first starts out by stating \"God is the Father and the Mightiest Architect who has infinite wisdom\". (fiero)Pico states that it is your own decision to rise again to the superior orders whose life is divine, so he is stating that there is free will after biblical reason and purpose that again transcends back to its original higher realm of purpose, which is in a sense a choice from divine purpose.\r\n6. Pico’s work has a drastic reflection on other artist’, one artist is Raphael Sanzio, who was considered a master painter. Raphael painted a fresco for the Vatican Stanza della Segnatura, Raphael painted the School of Athens, in this painting Raphael immortalizes the company of great philosophers and scientist of history, \" At the center of the composition appear two giants of philosophy, Plato, who is pointing upward of heavenward to indicate that his view of reality is fixed in universal forms, and he is standing directly next to Aristotle who is pointing downward, to the earth, to indicate that universal truth depends on study of the earth.\" The painting clearly separates the two opposing views and draws the line right down the center of the painting, completely separating earth and heavenly views, this has a lot to do with Pico’s Divinity of man, according to Raphael, he is stating that there are two opposing views that have a fine line between them, fate verses free will, this goes against Pico’s ideas which state that they can both be of one “unity of truth” a heavenly divine purpose which can be impeded by your own fee will.\r\n7. It is hard to say what is most important of this work, I think this whole work is a masterpiece when it is whole, Pico warns the public of divine truth, and propels human thought and rationalization but to not forget that\" it is man\'s unique right to such unbounded admiration.\" that \" man is the most fortunate of living things.\"(fiero)I asked myself why does Pico view man as such fortunate of beings’, why does he hold man on such a high platform in his writings, calling man a “miracle”, after all the corruption and wars, lies and ignorance that constantly surrounds him, when man is capable of so many bad things. There was one theme to my question, Pico’s love for his God and love for man(humankind) to strive for perfection in oneself, to strive for justice and what is right, through rationalization. If we all learn to perfect ourselves as an individual first, then we can become close to perfect as a whole. Man is constantly changing, and has the power to transform, we are so great because we have the power within ourselves to choose to be great. We can change the world one individual at a time. In Pico’s words when God the father, the Mightiest Architect in his infinite hidden wisdom created humans, he created a creature which might comprehend the meaning of so vast an achievement, which might be moved with love and beauty and smitten with awe in its grandeur. He bethought Himself to bringing forth man.\r\n\r\nWorks Cited\r\n\r\n1. http://www.alcott.net/alcott/home/champions/Pico.html\r\n2. The Stanford Encyclopedia for Philosophy: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/pico-della-mirandola/ 6-3-2008\r\n3. C.F Wallis, Info please Encyclopedia 1965 http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0838961.html\r\n4. Francis Yates, Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition, Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1964, 116.\"\r\n5. Encyclopedia Britannica http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/459504/Giovanni-Pico-della-Mirandola-count-di-Concordia','Why Giovanni Pico Mirandolla\'s Oration on the Dignity of Man Monumental','','inherit','open','open','','2403-revision-8','','','2012-09-26 08:41:05','2012-09-26 14:41:05','',2403,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2643',0,'revision','',0),(2644,1,'2012-09-26 08:41:57','2012-09-26 14:41:57','<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/pico_d3.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-2641\" title=\"pico_d3\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/pico_d3-276x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"276\" height=\"300\" /></a>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">http://classicalastrologer.com/pico_d3.jpg</p>\r\n\r\nWhy was Giovanni Pico Mirandolla’s Oration on the Dignity of Man Monumental?\r\n1. Name of Work: Oration on the Dignity of man.\r\n2. Creator: Giovanni Pico della Mirandolla\r\n3. Date: 1486\r\nBy: Joseph Avila\r\nIn this writing, Pico gives praise and full account to prove that human existence and thought have spawned from a creator of divine purpose, he gives light on a \"unity of truth\" for all mankind that gives hierarchical order, an order ”where man is right in the middle of earth” placed there by God. Pico gives complete thanks for being in this position and takes the reader by complete surprise.<!--more--> “Man is the most fortunate of living things, and consequently deserving of all admiration, we were made to be at the center of the world.\"(Fiero) “Pico ties traditional modern divinity purpose with philosophical ideals and rationales. Pico goes on to boldly challenge the church to debate on some 900 theological propositions that challenge the church\" at the young age of 24. A website describing Pico’s Oration “It thoroughly remaps the human landscape to center all attention on human capacity and the human perspective. Pico had a massive intellect and literally studied everything there was to be studied in the university curriculum of the Renaissance; the Oration in part is meant to be a preface to a massive compendium of all the intellectual achievements of humanity—a compendium that never appeared because of his early death.”1\r\n5. A general discussion of the historical context of its time (what were some of the major\r\nevents that shaped life at the time the work was created?).\r\nThe time frame that this was published could not have been more precise or more perfect of a time to introduce these writings to the world, these writings at this time helped create a movement, a movement that inspired a nation to stand up for what they believe in, and strive for excellence, and elevate mankind as a whole through individuality, this was a time when the Roman Catholic Church was branded with scandals and filled with conspiracies and inundated with corruption, Pico didn’t just give enlightenment on divine purpose but he added moral justice and rationalization which he said was \"heavenly\", he goes on to describe the individuals purpose as only \" a little lower than the angels.\" Pico lifted the world in an ethical and spiritual and divine way that gave the world a purpose, and pushed the world to strive for \"perfectibility of the individual,\" he pushed man to find their own destiny in the hierarchical order of life.\r\n1. Pico\'s work was not typical of this era, which made it more monumental. This work helped inspire a movement that was at the early stages of its life, an era that was in need for intellectual, rational and moral excellence that pushed away from corruption, it was the spawn of the renaissance (or rebirth) in a time of corruption from church officials. Christianity was the law, and Pico went against the law with his writings and stood up to the church, questioned and debated with them.\r\n2. This piece definitely stands out because Pico was like a light in the middle of darkness; he was giving people the truth, in a world of lies. He was leading the world on how to be one with God, and how to gain \"spiritual intelligence\" Pico states \"It is not freedom from the body which makes an angel, but its spiritual intelligence which makes an angel.\"(Fiero) Pico’s bold statements shock the world, but in a good way, he is saying we as humans not just have a divine purpose to fulfill but we as humans have the opportunity to become divine ourselves, only high priest had divine purpose at that time. Pico is not just undermining the church’s authority and the rule of the high priest, but he is saying all humans are divine, or have the abilities through there own decisions to become divine, he states “It will be in your power to descend to the lower, brutish forms of life, or you will be able through your own decisions to rise again to the superior orders whose life is divine.”(Fiero) “If rational, he will reveal himself as a heavenly being, if intellectual, he will be an angel and the son of God.” “ man who deserts the divine law becomes a brute” (Fiero) Pico warns people not to be \" a slave to your senses and to be dedicated to your stomach, but to be rational thus heavenly.\"(Fiero)\r\n\r\n3. The work was received as negative in its time in the Churches\' eyes; ”Pico was persecuted for heresy and was forced to flee Italy.” (Fiero)” ”When the Apology that Pico hastily published provoked Innocent to denounce all nine hundred Conclusions, the audacious young Count left for Paris, but at the pope\'s request he was detained by French authorities and briefly jailed.”(2) Some scholars argue that Pico’s theses were very important during this time, to blend religions. One article writes “Pico’s theses were an important symbol of the renaissance blending Christian and Greek ideas.”(3)\r\n\r\n4. People today view him and his writings as an iconic figure in Europe, an example is \"Frances Yates was the first to recognize Pico as a \"Christian magus,\" and to elevate his role in history, saying, \"The profound significance of Pico della Mirandola in the history of Humanity can hardly be overestimated. He it was who first boldly formulated a new position for European man, man as magus using both Magia and Cabala to act upon the world, to control his destiny by science.\" (Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition, Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1964, 116.\"(4) People today have a much different reaction then when it was originally written, the writings of Pico are held to extreme high acclaim.\r\n5. My initial reaction was that I was blown away, I have never read something that combines divinity, and spiritual grace with the thought of reason (Greek thought) woven into it, Pico also used other religious doctrines, Pico “Introduced to the Hebrew Kabbala, Pico became the first Christian scholar to use Kabbalistic doctrine in support of Christian theology. In 1486, planning to defend 900 theses he had drawn from diverse Greek, Hebrew, Arabic, and Latin writers, he invited scholars from all of Europe to Rome for a public disputation. For the occasion he composed his celebrated Oratio.”(5) What amazed me most was that Pico also says there is Divine purpose, a destiny but also free will at hand. Pico first starts out by stating \"God is the Father and the Mightiest Architect who has infinite wisdom\". (fiero)Pico states that it is your own decision to rise again to the superior orders whose life is divine, so he is stating that there is free will after biblical reason and purpose that again transcends back to its original higher realm of purpose, which is in a sense a choice from divine purpose.\r\n6. Pico’s work has a drastic reflection on other artist’, one artist is Raphael Sanzio, who was considered a master painter. Raphael painted a fresco for the Vatican Stanza della Segnatura, Raphael painted the School of Athens, in this painting Raphael immortalizes the company of great philosophers and scientist of history, \" At the center of the composition appear two giants of philosophy, Plato, who is pointing upward of heavenward to indicate that his view of reality is fixed in universal forms, and he is standing directly next to Aristotle who is pointing downward, to the earth, to indicate that universal truth depends on study of the earth.\" The painting clearly separates the two opposing views and draws the line right down the center of the painting, completely separating earth and heavenly views, this has a lot to do with Pico’s Divinity of man, according to Raphael, he is stating that there are two opposing views that have a fine line between them, fate verses free will, this goes against Pico’s ideas which state that they can both be of one “unity of truth” a heavenly divine purpose which can be impeded by your own fee will.\r\n7. It is hard to say what is most important of this work, I think this whole work is a masterpiece when it is whole, Pico warns the public of divine truth, and propels human thought and rationalization but to not forget that\" it is man\'s unique right to such unbounded admiration.\" that \" man is the most fortunate of living things.\"(fiero)I asked myself why does Pico view man as such fortunate of beings’, why does he hold man on such a high platform in his writings, calling man a “miracle”, after all the corruption and wars, lies and ignorance that constantly surrounds him, when man is capable of so many bad things. There was one theme to my question, Pico’s love for his God and love for man(humankind) to strive for perfection in oneself, to strive for justice and what is right, through rationalization. If we all learn to perfect ourselves as an individual first, then we can become close to perfect as a whole. Man is constantly changing, and has the power to transform, we are so great because we have the power within ourselves to choose to be great. We can change the world one individual at a time. In Pico’s words when God the father, the Mightiest Architect in his infinite hidden wisdom created humans, he created a creature which might comprehend the meaning of so vast an achievement, which might be moved with love and beauty and smitten with awe in its grandeur. He bethought Himself to bringing forth man.\r\n\r\nWorks Cited\r\n\r\n1. http://www.alcott.net/alcott/home/champions/Pico.html\r\n2. The Stanford Encyclopedia for Philosophy: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/pico-della-mirandola/ 6-3-2008\r\n3. C.F Wallis, Info please Encyclopedia 1965 http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0838961.html\r\n4. Francis Yates, Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition, Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1964, 116.\"\r\n5. Encyclopedia Britannica http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/459504/Giovanni-Pico-della-Mirandola-count-di-Concordia','Why Giovanni Pico Mirandolla\'s Oration on the Dignity of Man Monumental','','inherit','open','open','','2403-revision-9','','','2012-09-26 08:41:57','2012-09-26 14:41:57','',2403,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2644',0,'revision','',0),(2645,1,'2012-09-26 08:43:38','2012-09-26 14:43:38','<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/pico_d3.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-2641\" title=\"pico_d3\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/pico_d3-276x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"276\" height=\"300\" /></a>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">http://classicalastrologer.com/pico_d3.jpg</p>\nWhy was Giovanni Pico Mirandolla’s Oration on the Dignity of Man Monumental?\n1. Name of Work: Oration on the Dignity of man.\n2. Creator: Giovanni Pico della Mirandolla\n3. Date: 1486\nBy: Joseph Avila\n\nIn this writing, Pico gives praise and full account to prove that human existence and thought have spawned from a creator of divine purpose, he gives light on a \"unity of truth\" for all mankind that gives hierarchical order, an order ”where man is right in the middle of earth” placed there by God. Pico gives complete thanks for being in this position and takes the reader by complete surprise.<!--more--> “Man is the most fortunate of living things, and consequently deserving of all admiration, we were made to be at the center of the world.\"(Fiero) “Pico ties traditional modern divinity purpose with philosophical ideals and rationales. Pico goes on to boldly challenge the church to debate on some 900 theological propositions that challenge the church\" at the young age of 24. A website describing Pico’s Oration “It thoroughly remaps the human landscape to center all attention on human capacity and the human perspective. Pico had a massive intellect and literally studied everything there was to be studied in the university curriculum of the Renaissance; the Oration in part is meant to be a preface to a massive compendium of all the intellectual achievements of humanity—a compendium that never appeared because of his early death.”1\n5. A general discussion of the historical context of its time (what were some of the major\nevents that shaped life at the time the work was created?).\nThe time frame that this was published could not have been more precise or more perfect of a time to introduce these writings to the world, these writings at this time helped create a movement, a movement that inspired a nation to stand up for what they believe in, and strive for excellence, and elevate mankind as a whole through individuality, this was a time when the Roman Catholic Church was branded with scandals and filled with conspiracies and inundated with corruption, Pico didn’t just give enlightenment on divine purpose but he added moral justice and rationalization which he said was \"heavenly\", he goes on to describe the individuals purpose as only \" a little lower than the angels.\" Pico lifted the world in an ethical and spiritual and divine way that gave the world a purpose, and pushed the world to strive for \"perfectibility of the individual,\" he pushed man to find their own destiny in the hierarchical order of life.\n\n1. Pico\'s work was not typical of this era, which made it more monumental. This work helped inspire a movement that was at the early stages of its life, an era that was in need for intellectual, rational and moral excellence that pushed away from corruption, it was the spawn of the renaissance (or rebirth) in a time of corruption from church officials. Christianity was the law, and Pico went against the law with his writings and stood up to the church, questioned and debated with them.\n\n2. This piece definitely stands out because Pico was like a light in the middle of darkness; he was giving people the truth, in a world of lies. He was leading the world on how to be one with God, and how to gain \"spiritual intelligence\" Pico states \"It is not freedom from the body which makes an angel, but its spiritual intelligence which makes an angel.\"(Fiero) Pico’s bold statements shock the world, but in a good way, he is saying we as humans not just have a divine purpose to fulfill but we as humans have the opportunity to become divine ourselves, only high priest had divine purpose at that time. Pico is not just undermining the church’s authority and the rule of the high priest, but he is saying all humans are divine, or have the abilities through there own decisions to become divine, he states “It will be in your power to descend to the lower, brutish forms of life, or you will be able through your own decisions to rise again to the superior orders whose life is divine.”(Fiero) “If rational, he will reveal himself as a heavenly being, if intellectual, he will be an angel and the son of God.” “ man who deserts the divine law becomes a brute” (Fiero) Pico warns people not to be \" a slave to your senses and to be dedicated to your stomach, but to be rational thus heavenly.\"(Fiero)\n\n3. The work was received as negative in its time in the Churches\' eyes; ”Pico was persecuted for heresy and was forced to flee Italy.” (Fiero)” ”When the Apology that Pico hastily published provoked Innocent to denounce all nine hundred Conclusions, the audacious young Count left for Paris, but at the pope\'s request he was detained by French authorities and briefly jailed.”(2) Some scholars argue that Pico’s theses were very important during this time, to blend religions. One article writes “Pico’s theses were an important symbol of the renaissance blending Christian and Greek ideas.”(3)\n\n4. People today view him and his writings as an iconic figure in Europe, an example is \"Frances Yates was the first to recognize Pico as a \"Christian magus,\" and to elevate his role in history, saying, \"The profound significance of Pico della Mirandola in the history of Humanity can hardly be overestimated. He it was who first boldly formulated a new position for European man, man as magus using both Magia and Cabala to act upon the world, to control his destiny by science.\" (Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition, Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1964, 116.\"(4) People today have a much different reaction then when it was originally written, the writings of Pico are held to extreme high acclaim.\n\n5. My initial reaction was that I was blown away, I have never read something that combines divinity, and spiritual grace with the thought of reason (Greek thought) woven into it, Pico also used other religious doctrines, Pico “Introduced to the Hebrew Kabbala, Pico became the first Christian scholar to use Kabbalistic doctrine in support of Christian theology. In 1486, planning to defend 900 theses he had drawn from diverse Greek, Hebrew, Arabic, and Latin writers, he invited scholars from all of Europe to Rome for a public disputation. For the occasion he composed his celebrated Oratio.”(5) What amazed me most was that Pico also says there is Divine purpose, a destiny but also free will at hand. Pico first starts out by stating \"God is the Father and the Mightiest Architect who has infinite wisdom\". (fiero)Pico states that it is your own decision to rise again to the superior orders whose life is divine, so he is stating that there is free will after biblical reason and purpose that again transcends back to its original higher realm of purpose, which is in a sense a choice from divine purpose.\n\n6. Pico’s work has a drastic reflection on other artist’, one artist is Raphael Sanzio, who was considered a master painter. Raphael painted a fresco for the Vatican Stanza della Segnatura, Raphael painted the School of Athens, in this painting Raphael immortalizes the company of great philosophers and scientist of history, \" At the center of the composition appear two giants of philosophy, Plato, who is pointing upward of heavenward to indicate that his view of reality is fixed in universal forms, and he is standing directly next to Aristotle who is pointing downward, to the earth, to indicate that universal truth depends on study of the earth.\" The painting clearly separates the two opposing views and draws the line right down the center of the painting, completely separating earth and heavenly views, this has a lot to do with Pico’s Divinity of man, according to Raphael, he is stating that there are two opposing views that have a fine line between them, fate verses free will, this goes against Pico’s ideas which state that they can both be of one “unity of truth” a heavenly divine purpose which can be impeded by your own fee will.\n\n7. It is hard to say what is most important of this work, I think this whole work is a masterpiece when it is whole, Pico warns the public of divine truth, and propels human thought and rationalization but to not forget that\" it is man\'s unique right to such unbounded admiration.\" that \" man is the most fortunate of living things.\"(fiero)I asked myself why does Pico view man as such fortunate of beings’, why does he hold man on such a high platform in his writings, calling man a “miracle”, after all the corruption and wars, lies and ignorance that constantly surrounds him, when man is capable of so many bad things. There was one theme to my question, Pico’s love for his God and love for man(humankind) to strive for perfection in oneself, to strive for justice and what is right, through rationalization. If we all learn to perfect ourselves as an individual first, then we can become close to perfect as a whole. Man is constantly changing, and has the power to transform, we are so great because we have the power within ourselves to choose to be great. We can change the world one individual at a time. In Pico’s words when God the father, the Mightiest Architect in his infinite hidden wisdom created humans, he created a creature which might comprehend the meaning of so vast an achievement, which might be moved with love and beauty and smitten with awe in its grandeur. He bethought Himself to bringing forth man.\n\nWorks Cited\n\n1. http://www.alcott.net/alcott/home/champions/Pico.html\n2. The Stanford Encyclopedia for Philosophy: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/pico-della-mirandola/ 6-3-2008\n3. C.F Wallis, Info please Encyclopedia 1965 http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0838961.html\n4. Francis Yates, Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition, Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1964, 116.\"\n5. Encyclopedia Britannica http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/459504/Giovanni-Pico-della-Mirandola-count-di-Concordia','Why Giovanni Pico Mirandolla\'s Oration on the Dignity of Man Monumental','','inherit','open','open','','2403-autosave','','','2012-09-26 08:43:38','2012-09-26 14:43:38','',2403,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2645',0,'revision','',0),(2646,69,'2012-09-26 20:20:36','0000-00-00 00:00:00','','Auto Draft','','auto-draft','open','open','','','','','2012-09-26 20:20:36','0000-00-00 00:00:00','',0,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2646',0,'post','',0),(2648,61,'2012-09-27 02:34:11','2012-09-27 08:34:11','','Image 2','','inherit','open','open','','10_img_7019-3','','','2012-09-27 02:34:11','2012-09-27 08:34:11','',2393,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/10_IMG_70192.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2649,61,'2012-09-27 02:35:16','2012-09-27 08:35:16','','Image 3','','inherit','open','open','','tumblr_m5m6njjmfg1qgpvyjo1_1280-3','','','2012-09-27 02:35:16','2012-09-27 08:35:16','',2393,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/tumblr_m5m6njjmfg1qgpvyjo1_12802.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2650,61,'2012-09-27 02:35:56','2012-09-27 08:35:56','','Image 4','','inherit','open','open','','michelangelos-st-peters-dome-google-earth-img-2','','','2012-09-27 02:35:56','2012-09-27 08:35:56','',2393,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Michelangelos-St.-Peters-Dome-Google-Earth-Img.1.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2653,61,'2012-09-27 03:04:44','2012-09-27 09:04:44','','image 2','','inherit','open','open','','10_img_7019-4','','','2012-09-27 03:04:44','2012-09-27 09:04:44','',2393,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/10_IMG_70193.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2654,61,'2012-09-27 03:05:33','2012-09-27 09:05:33','','image 3','','inherit','open','open','','tumblr_m5m6njjmfg1qgpvyjo1_1280-4','','','2012-09-27 03:05:33','2012-09-27 09:05:33','',2393,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/tumblr_m5m6njjmfg1qgpvyjo1_12803.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2651,61,'2012-09-27 02:23:45','2012-09-27 08:23:45','AUSTIN COMMUNITY COLLEGE\r\n\r\nTCP – 1 Michelangelo’s Dome of St. Peter’s Basilica\r\n\r\nJ.LAUER HUMA 1302-007 #13622\r\n\r\nPHILIP ROBINSON\r\n\r\n9/24/2012\r\n\r\nTime Capsule Project 1\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Image-1.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2630\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Image-1-208x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"208\" height=\"300\" /></a>\r\n\r\nMichelangelo’s work on the Dome at St. Peter’s was a return to the former grandeur of Greek and Roman work brought forth during the renaissance period of classical humanism focusing on Christian and classical subjects. (Fiero)Michelangelo worked on St. Peter’s Basilica from 1546 until his death in 1564. At the time of the domes commission, wealthy merchants, and people of stature had been commissioning grand estates and pieces of art to decorate them. The church decided to follow in the footsteps of their patrons and commission a jewel for the Basilica. The trend was quite simple, the bigger and more elaborate the better(ch 16)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn1\">[i]</a>. There are many facets of this particular building that are fascinating, however for this paper I will be focusing on the architectural facet.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nGiven the backdrop of the plague and its decimating effect on civilization and the lack of qualified artisans to rebuild, maintain, and improve basic societal infrastructure; one can imagine the rarity of skilled individuals capable of designing and building a dome of this magnitude(Fiero)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn2\">[ii]</a>. While sharing design aspects with the Pantheon of the Greek and Roman period, this renaissance period remodel is much larger. The interior of Michelangelo’s Dome of St. of St Peter’s is absolutely stunning.  There are many artistic features of the interior that add considerable weight reinforcement necessities with regard to structural concerns. (web)<strong><em>“</em></strong><em>The great dome soars above the altar and the baldacchino, sumptuously embellished with mosaic and stucco ornaments. It is supported by four structural piers with a perimeter of 71 m. and a height of 120 m. from the ground to the roof of the lantern. With the four Evangelists that are portrayed in medallions with a diameter of 8.5 m. The gigantic black letters (2 m. high) of this text on a gold background are lit by the light from 16 large windows, typical of Michelangelo\'s style, which punctuate the drum. Above the windows, the dome is divided into sixteen ribs and as many segments, decorated by majestic figures on six ascending concentric levels. Starting at the bottom the figures portray: 1. busts of the 16 popes buried in the basilica; 2. majestic figures of Christ, the Virgin Mary, St. Joseph, St. John the Baptist and various Apostles;3. in the rectangular frames, angels bearing the instruments of Jesus\' Passion; 4. the faces of cherubim and seraphim in circular medallions; 5. angels, the custodians of St. Peter\'s tomb; 6. additional faces of winged angels. </em>\r\n\r\n<em>     Many artists worked on these decorations. Clement VIII commissioned Giuseppe Cesari, known as Cavalier d\'Arpino (1568-1640) to carry out the upper part of the decoration. He prepared the cartoons from 1603 to 1612. His drawings were simultaneously transposed into mosaic by the best mosaic artists of the period.(stpetersbasilica.org)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn3\"><strong>[iii]</strong></a>” </em>\r\n\r\nWhile other domes have been constructed had been constructed previously in and around Italy, I believe this particular piece stands out due to the sheer enormity and grandiosity of the structural modeling needed to support the dome that now crowns what was the Basilica. (web) “<em>To give a reference point: US Capitol-96ft, The Pantheon-142ft, and St Peter’s-138ft.(pbs.org)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn4\"><strong>[iv]</strong></a>”</em> Michelangelo’s St. Peter’s Dome in Rome and Brunelleschi’s Dome in Florence share many structural ideas. However, there are some obvious differences in height, diameter, and internal style. Both artists have drawn from the same basic structural design. Brunelleschi’s dome in Florence was the largest domed structure in Italy at 50 meters in diameter and 90 meters in height; finished post mortem 1473<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn5\">[v]</a>. Then Michelangelo’s dome at the Basilica in Rome now stands at an impressive 71 meters in diameter and 120 meters in height finished post mortem 1590<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn6\">[vi]</a>. The largest differences between these two goliaths of humanistic engineering and artistic spirits would be the method of work that went into the project and the beauty that it portrays. While Brunelleschi focused on painting and architectural details, Michelangelo also incorporated ornate sculpture in his expression.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nI think that those inclined to the religious statements of the work received it well. Wu writes, “<em>Michelangelo wanted people\'s first reaction as they walked into the dome is astonishment. People may be overwhelmed to see the amount of light that appears at the top of the dome and will lead and draw the audience\'s attention slowly toward the dome. However, the sensation must only last in an instant, because he didn\'t want people to feel secluded from the massiveness of the dome, rather be a part of the dimension of pure contemplation. (web)</em><a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn7\">[vii]</a>”\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>     </strong>In the current view<strong> </strong>I believe that it is thought of as a symbol that might unify the people of the Catholic and Christian faiths. I think a lot of people today respect the amount of work that went into the project and the beauty that it portrays. I also believe that today people are less unified by a symbol of faith such as the Basilica due to the intelligence level of the populace and the availability of information on other faiths. It is also my belief that this and other great works with religious design are meant to inspire awe, respect, power, and control.\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>     </strong>Why should Michelangelo’s Dome of St Peter’s be preserved in a time capsule? As an architectural drafting major, the part that I found most meaningful was the marriage of structure and art. It is just as beautiful on the outside as on the inside. The architectural statements of the time were amazing to me. This piece of history serves as an inspiration of faith for some, and a reminder of the past for others. I believe that<strong> </strong>what this piece and others like it are telling future generations is to appreciate the piece of art in front of you, but understand the roots from whence it came. Great achievements can be achieved by man when they focus on the task. Whatever the reason one ultimately decides on, the important piece is to remember.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<div><br />\r\n\r\n<hr align=\"left\" size=\"1\" width=\"33%\" />\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref1\">[i]</a> Fiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup> ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref2\">[ii]</a> Fiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup> ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref3\">[iii]</a> Quoted and paraphrased from <a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome</a>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref4\">[iv]</a> Quoted from <a href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html\">http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html</a>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref5\">[v]</a> Paraphrase - <a href=\"http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/\">http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/</a>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref6\">[vi]</a> Quoted - <a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div><strong>Works Cited:</strong>Fiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup> ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nHelen Wu. \"<em>Honors In Rome” </em><a href=\"http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html\"><em>http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html</em></a> Summer 2004, Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/\">http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/</a>   …web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html\">http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html</a>…web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Interior/Dome/Dome.htm\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Interior/Dome/Dome.htm</a> ...web n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n<em> </em>\r\n\r\nImage 1 <a href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/farbspiel/5053183077/in/photostream/lightbox/\">http://www.flickr.com/photos/farbspiel/5053183077/in/photostream/lightbox/</a>  …web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\nImage 2 <a href=\"http://theridoureport.blogspot.com/2011/04/wood-model-of-dome-and-drum-for-saint.html\">http://theridoureport.blogspot.com/2011/04/wood-model-of-dome-and-drum-for-saint.html</a>…web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\nImage 3 <a href=\"http://avoidbuilding.tumblr.com/image/25324803997\">http://avoidbuilding.tumblr.com/image/25324803997</a>…web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n&nbsp;','Michelangelo\'s St. Peter\'s Dome','','inherit','open','open','','2393-revision-13','','','2012-09-27 02:23:45','2012-09-27 08:23:45','',2393,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2651',0,'revision','',0),(2655,61,'2012-09-27 02:55:23','2012-09-27 08:55:23','AUSTIN COMMUNITY COLLEGE\r\n\r\nTCP – 1 Michelangelo’s Dome of St. Peter’s Basilica\r\n\r\nJ.LAUER HUMA 1302-007 #13622\r\n\r\nPHILIP ROBINSON\r\n\r\n9/24/2012\r\n\r\nTime Capsule Project 1\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Image-1.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2630\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Image-1-208x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"208\" height=\"300\" /></a>\r\n\r\nMichelangelo’s work on the Dome at St. Peter’s was a return to the former grandeur of Greek and Roman work brought forth during the renaissance period of classical humanism focusing on Christian and classical subjects. (Fiero)Michelangelo worked on St. Peter’s Basilica from 1546 until his death in 1564 at 88. At the time of the domes commission, wealthy merchants, and people of stature had been commissioning grand estates and pieces of art to decorate them. The church decided to follow in the footsteps of their patrons and commission a jewel for the Basilica in Rome Italy. The trend was quite simple, the bigger and more elaborate the better(ch 16)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn1\">[i]</a>. There are many facets of this particular building that are fascinating, however for this paper I will be focusing on the architectural facet.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nGiven the backdrop of the plague and its decimating effect on civilization and the lack of qualified artisans to rebuild, maintain, and improve basic societal infrastructure; one can imagine the rarity of skilled individuals capable of designing and building a dome of this magnitude(Fiero)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn2\">[ii]</a>. While sharing design aspects with the Pantheon of the Greek and Roman period, this renaissance period remodel is much larger. The interior of Michelangelo’s Dome of St. of St Peter’s is absolutely stunning.  There are many artistic features of the interior that add considerable weight reinforcement necessities with regard to structural concerns. (web)<strong><em>“</em></strong><em>The great dome soars above the altar and the baldacchino, sumptuously embellished with mosaic and stucco ornaments. It is supported by four structural piers with a perimeter of 71 m. and a height of 120 m. from the ground to the roof of the lantern. With the four Evangelists that are portrayed in medallions with a diameter of 8.5 m. The gigantic black letters (2 m. high) of this text on a gold background are lit by the light from 16 large windows, typical of Michelangelo\'s style, which punctuate the drum. Above the windows, the dome is divided into sixteen ribs and as many segments, decorated by majestic figures on six ascending concentric levels. Starting at the bottom the figures portray: 1. busts of the 16 popes buried in the basilica; 2. majestic figures of Christ, the Virgin Mary, St. Joseph, St. John the Baptist and various Apostles;3. in the rectangular frames, angels bearing the instruments of Jesus\' Passion; 4. the faces of cherubim and seraphim in circular medallions; 5. angels, the custodians of St. Peter\'s tomb; 6. additional faces of winged angels. </em>\r\n\r\n<em>     Many artists worked on these decorations. Clement VIII commissioned Giuseppe Cesari, known as Cavalier d\'Arpino (1568-1640) to carry out the upper part of the decoration. He prepared the cartoons from 1603 to 1612. His drawings were simultaneously transposed into mosaic by the best mosaic artists of the period.(stpetersbasilica.org)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn3\"><strong>[iii]</strong></a>” </em>\r\n\r\nWhile other domes have been constructed had been constructed previously in and around Italy, I believe this particular piece stands out due to the sheer enormity and grandiosity of the structural modeling needed to support the dome that now crowns what was the Basilica. (web) “<em>To give a reference point: US Capitol-96ft, The Pantheon-142ft, and St Peter’s-138ft.(pbs.org)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn4\"><strong>[iv]</strong></a>”</em> Michelangelo’s St. Peter’s Dome in Rome and Brunelleschi’s Dome in Florence share many structural ideas. However, there are some obvious differences in height, diameter, and internal style. Both artists have drawn from the same basic structural design. Brunelleschi’s dome in Florence was the largest domed structure in Italy at 50 meters in diameter and 90 meters in height; finished post mortem 1473<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn5\">[v]</a>. Then Michelangelo’s dome at the Basilica in Rome now stands at an impressive 71 meters in diameter and 120 meters in height finished post mortem 1590<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn6\">[vi]</a>. The largest differences between these two goliaths of humanistic engineering and artistic spirits would be the method of work that went into the project and the beauty that it portrays. While Brunelleschi focused on painting and architectural details, Michelangelo also incorporated ornate sculpture in his expression.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nI think that those inclined to the religious statements of the work received it well. Wu writes, “<em>Michelangelo wanted people\'s first reaction as they walked into the dome is astonishment. People may be overwhelmed to see the amount of light that appears at the top of the dome and will lead and draw the audience\'s attention slowly toward the dome. However, the sensation must only last in an instant, because he didn\'t want people to feel secluded from the massiveness of the dome, rather be a part of the dimension of pure contemplation. (web)</em><a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn7\">[vii]</a>”\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>     </strong>In the current view<strong> </strong>I believe that it is thought of as a symbol that might unify the people of the Catholic and Christian faiths. I think a lot of people today respect the amount of work that went into the project and the beauty that it portrays. I also believe that today people are less unified by a symbol of faith such as the Basilica due to the intelligence level of the populace and the availability of information on other faiths. It is also my belief that this and other great works with religious design are meant to inspire awe, respect, power, and control.\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>     </strong>Why should Michelangelo’s Dome of St Peter’s be preserved in a time capsule? As an architectural drafting major, the part that I found most meaningful was the marriage of structure and art. It is just as beautiful on the outside as on the inside. The architectural statements of the time were amazing to me. This piece of history serves as an inspiration of faith for some, and a reminder of the past for others. I believe that<strong> </strong>what this piece and others like it are telling future generations is to appreciate the piece of art in front of you, but understand the roots from whence it came. Great achievements can be achieved by man when they focus on the task. Whatever the reason one ultimately decides on, the important piece is to remember.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<hr align=\"left\" size=\"1\" width=\"33%\" />\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref1\">[i]</a> Fiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup> ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref2\">[ii]</a> Fiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup> ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref3\">[iii]</a> Quoted and paraphrased from <a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome</a>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref4\">[iv]</a> Quoted from <a href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html\">http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html</a>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref5\">[v]</a> Paraphrase - <a href=\"http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/\">http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/</a>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref6\">[vi]</a> Quoted - <a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div><strong>Works Cited:</strong>Fiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup>ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.&nbsp;\r\n\r\nHelen Wu. \"<em>Honors In Rome” </em><a href=\"http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html\"><em>http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html</em></a> Summer 2004, Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/\">http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/</a>   …web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html\">http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html</a>…web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Interior/Dome/Dome.htm\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Interior/Dome/Dome.htm</a> ...web n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n<em> </em>\r\n\r\nImage 1 <a href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/farbspiel/5053183077/in/photostream/lightbox/\">http://www.flickr.com/photos/farbspiel/5053183077/in/photostream/lightbox/</a>  …web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\nImage 2 <a href=\"http://theridoureport.blogspot.com/2011/04/wood-model-of-dome-and-drum-for-saint.html\">http://theridoureport.blogspot.com/2011/04/wood-model-of-dome-and-drum-for-saint.html</a>…web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\nImage 3 <a href=\"http://avoidbuilding.tumblr.com/image/25324803997\">http://avoidbuilding.tumblr.com/image/25324803997</a>…web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n&nbsp;','Michelangelo\'s St. Peter\'s Dome','','inherit','open','open','','2393-revision-15','','','2012-09-27 02:55:23','2012-09-27 08:55:23','',2393,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2655',0,'revision','',0),(2652,61,'2012-09-27 02:37:35','2012-09-27 08:37:35','AUSTIN COMMUNITY COLLEGE\r\n\r\nTCP – 1 Michelangelo’s Dome of St. Peter’s Basilica\r\n\r\nJ.LAUER HUMA 1302-007 #13622\r\n\r\nPHILIP ROBINSON\r\n\r\n9/24/2012\r\n\r\nTime Capsule Project 1\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Image-1.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2630\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Image-1-208x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"208\" height=\"300\" /></a><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Michelangelos-St.-Peters-Dome-Google-Earth-Img.1.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2650\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Michelangelos-St.-Peters-Dome-Google-Earth-Img.1-300x251.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"251\" /></a>\r\n\r\nMichelangelo’s work on the Dome at St. Peter’s was a return to the former grandeur of Greek and Roman work brought forth during the renaissance period of classical humanism focusing on Christian and classical subjects. (Fiero)Michelangelo worked on St. Peter’s Basilica from 1546 until his death in 1564. At the time of the domes commission, wealthy merchants, and people of stature had been commissioning grand estates and pieces of art to decorate them. The church decided to follow in the footsteps of their patrons and commission a jewel for the Basilica. The trend was quite simple, the bigger and more elaborate the better(ch 16)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn1\">[i]</a>. There are many facets of this particular building that are fascinating, however for this paper I will be focusing on the architectural facet.<!--more-->\r\n\r\n(Fiero)Given the backdrop of the plague and its decimating effect on civilization and the lack of qualified artisans to rebuild, maintain, and improve basic societal infrastructure; one can imagine the rarity of skilled individuals capable of designing and building a dome of this magnitude(ch 16-19)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn2\">[ii]</a>. While sharing design aspects with the Pantheon of the Greek and Roman period, this renaissance period remodel is much larger. The interior of Michelangelo’s Dome of St. of St Peter’s is absolutely stunning.  There are many artistic features of the interior that add considerable weight reinforcement necessities with regard to structural concerns. (web)<strong><em>“</em></strong><em>The great dome soars above the altar and the baldacchino, sumptuously embellished with mosaic and stucco ornaments. It is supported by four structural piers with a perimeter of 71 m. and a height of 120 m. from the ground to the roof of the lantern. With the four Evangelists that are portrayed in medallions with a diameter of 8.5 m. The gigantic black letters (2 m. high) of this text on a gold background are lit by the light from 16 large windows, typical of Michelangelo\'s style, which punctuate the drum. Above the windows, the dome is divided into sixteen ribs and as many segments, decorated by majestic figures on six ascending concentric levels. Starting at the bottom the figures portray: 1. busts of the 16 popes buried in the basilica; 2. majestic figures of Christ, the Virgin Mary, St. Joseph, St. John the Baptist and various Apostles;3. in the rectangular frames, angels bearing the instruments of Jesus\' Passion; 4. the faces of cherubim and seraphim in circular medallions; 5. angels, the custodians of St. Peter\'s tomb; 6. additional faces of winged angels. </em>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/10_IMG_70192.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2648\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/10_IMG_70192-300x216.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"216\" /></a>\r\n\r\n<em>     Many artists worked on these decorations. Clement VIII commissioned Giuseppe Cesari, known as Cavalier d\'Arpino (1568-1640) to carry out the upper part of the decoration. He prepared the cartoons from 1603 to 1612. His drawings were simultaneously transposed into mosaic by the best mosaic artists of the period.(stpetersbasilica.org)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn3\"><strong>[iii]</strong></a>” </em>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/tumblr_m5m6njjmfg1qgpvyjo1_12802.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2649\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/tumblr_m5m6njjmfg1qgpvyjo1_12802-208x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"208\" height=\"300\" /></a>\r\n\r\nWhile other domes have been constructed had been constructed previously in and around Italy, I believe this particular piece stands out due to the sheer enormity and grandiosity of the structural modeling needed to support the dome that now crowns what was the Basilica. (web) “<em>To give a reference point: US Capitol-96ft, The Pantheon-142ft, and St Peter’s-138ft.(pbs.org)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn4\"><strong>[iv]</strong></a>”</em> Michelangelo’s St. Peter’s Dome in Rome and Brunelleschi’s Dome in Florence share many structural ideas. However, there are some obvious differences in height, diameter, and internal style. Both artists have drawn from the same basic structural design. Brunelleschi’s dome in Florence was the largest domed structure in Italy at 50 meters in diameter and 90 meters in height; finished post mortem 1473(brunelleschisdome.com)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn5\">[v]</a>. Then Michelangelo’s dome at the Basilica in Rome now stands at an impressive 71 meters in diameter and 120 meters in height finished post mortum 1590<em> (stpetersbasilica.org</em>)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn6\">[vi]</a>. The largest differences between these two goliaths of humanistic engineering and artistic spirits would be the method of work that went into the project and the beauty that it portrays. While Brunelleschi focused on painting and architectural details, Michelangelo also incorporated ornate sculpture in his expression.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nI think that those inclined to the religious statements of the work received it well. Wu writes, “<em>Michelangelo wanted people\'s first reaction as they walked into the dome is astonishment. People may be overwhelmed to see the amount of light that appears at the top of the dome and will lead and draw the audience\'s attention slowly toward the dome. However, the sensation must only last in an instant, because he didn\'t want people to feel secluded from the massiveness of the dome, rather be a part of the dimension of pure contemplation. (web)</em><a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn7\">[vii]</a>”\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>     </strong>In the current view<strong> </strong>I believe that it is thought of as a symbol that might unify the people of the Catholic and Christian faiths. I think a lot of people today respect the amount of work that went into the project and the beauty that it portrays. I also believe that today people are less unified by a symbol of faith such as the Basilica due to the intelligence level of the populace and the availability of information on other faiths. It is also my belief that this and other great works with religious design are meant to inspire awe, respect, power, and control.\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>     </strong>Why should Michelangelo’s Dome of St Peter’s be preserved in a time capsule? As an architectural drafting major, the part that I found most meaningful was the marriage of structure and art. It is just as beautiful on the outside as on the inside. The architectural statements of the time were amazing to me. This piece of history serves as an inspiration of faith for some, and a reminder of the past for others. I believe that<strong> </strong>what this piece and others like it are telling future generations is to appreciate the piece of art in front of you, but understand the roots from whence it came. Great achievements can be achieved by man when they focus on the task. Whatever the reason one ultimately decides on, the important piece is to remember.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<hr align=\"left\" size=\"1\" width=\"33%\" />\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref1\">[i]</a> Fiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup> ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref2\">[ii]</a> Fiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup> ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref3\">[iii]</a> Quoted and paraphrased from <a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome</a>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref4\">[iv]</a> Quoted from <a href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html\">http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html</a>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref5\">[v]</a> Paraphrase - <a href=\"http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/\">http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/</a>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref6\">[vi]</a> Quoted - <a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div><strong>Works Cited:</strong></div>\r\n<div></div>\r\n<div>Fiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup>ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nHelen Wu. \"<em>Honors In Rome” </em><a href=\"http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html\"><em>http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html</em></a> Summer 2004, Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/\">http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/</a>   …web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html\">http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html</a>…web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Interior/Dome/Dome.htm\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Interior/Dome/Dome.htm</a> ...web n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n<em> </em>Image 1 <a href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/farbspiel/5053183077/in/photostream/lightbox/\">http://www.flickr.com/photos/farbspiel/5053183077/in/photostream/lightbox/</a>  …web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\nImage 2 <a href=\"http://theridoureport.blogspot.com/2011/04/wood-model-of-dome-and-drum-for-saint.html\">http://theridoureport.blogspot.com/2011/04/wood-model-of-dome-and-drum-for-saint.html</a>…web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\nImage 3 <a href=\"http://avoidbuilding.tumblr.com/image/25324803997\">http://avoidbuilding.tumblr.com/image/25324803997</a>…web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\nImage 4 PC Application Google Earth Image. n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n&nbsp;','Michelangelo\'s St. Peter\'s Dome','','inherit','open','open','','2393-revision-14','','','2012-09-27 02:37:35','2012-09-27 08:37:35','',2393,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2652',0,'revision','',0),(2656,61,'2012-09-27 03:20:55','2012-09-27 09:20:55','','Image 4','','inherit','open','open','','michelangelos-st-peters-dome-google-earth-img-3','','','2012-09-27 03:20:55','2012-09-27 09:20:55','',2393,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Michelangelos-St.-Peters-Dome-Google-Earth-Img.2.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2657,61,'2012-09-27 03:09:12','2012-09-27 09:09:12','AUSTIN COMMUNITY COLLEGE\r\n\r\nTCP – 1 Michelangelo’s Dome of St. Peter’s Basilica\r\n\r\nJ.LAUER HUMA 1302-007 #13622\r\n\r\nPHILIP ROBINSON\r\n\r\n9/24/2012\r\n\r\nTime Capsule Project 1\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Image-1.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2630\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Image-1-208x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"208\" height=\"300\" /></a>\r\n\r\nMichelangelo’s work on the Dome at St. Peter’s was a return to the former grandeur of Greek and Roman work brought forth during the renaissance period of classical humanism focusing on Christian and classical subjects. (Fiero)Michelangelo worked on St. Peter’s Basilica from 1546 until his death in 1564 at 88. At the time of the domes commission, wealthy merchants, and people of stature had been commissioning grand estates and pieces of art to decorate them. The church decided to follow in the footsteps of their patrons and commission a jewel for the Basilica in Rome Italy. The trend was quite simple, the bigger and more elaborate the better(ch 16)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn1\">[i]</a>. There are many facets of this particular building that are fascinating, however for this paper I will be focusing on the architectural facet.<!--more-->\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/10_IMG_70193.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2653\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/10_IMG_70193-300x216.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"216\" /></a>\r\n\r\n(fiero)Given the backdrop of the plague and its decimating effect on civilization and the lack of qualified artisans to rebuild, maintain, and improve basic societal infrastructure; one can imagine the rarity of skilled individuals capable of designing and building a dome of this magnitude(ch 16-19)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn2\">[ii]</a>. While sharing design aspects with the Pantheon of the Greek and Roman period, this renaissance period remodel is much larger. The interior of Michelangelo’s Dome of St. of St Peter’s is absolutely stunning.  There are many artistic features of the interior that add considerable weight reinforcement necessities with regard to structural concerns. (web)<strong><em>“</em></strong><em>The great dome soars above the altar and the baldacchino, sumptuously embellished with mosaic and stucco ornaments. It is supported by four structural piers with a perimeter of 71 m. and a height of 120 m. from the ground to the roof of the lantern. With the four Evangelists that are portrayed in medallions with a diameter of 8.5 m. The gigantic black letters (2 m. high) of this text on a gold background are lit by the light from 16 large windows, typical of Michelangelo\'s style, which punctuate the drum. Above the windows, the dome is divided into sixteen ribs and as many segments, decorated by majestic figures on six ascending concentric levels. Starting at the bottom the figures portray: 1. busts of the 16 popes buried in the basilica; 2. majestic figures of Christ, the Virgin Mary, St. Joseph, St. John the Baptist and various Apostles;3. in the rectangular frames, angels bearing the instruments of Jesus\' Passion; 4. the faces of cherubim and seraphim in circular medallions; 5. angels, the custodians of St. Peter\'s tomb; 6. additional faces of winged angels. </em>\r\n\r\n<em>     Many artists worked on these decorations. Clement VIII commissioned Giuseppe Cesari, known as Cavalier d\'Arpino (1568-1640) to carry out the upper part of the decoration. He prepared the cartoons from 1603 to 1612. His drawings were simultaneously transposed into mosaic by the best mosaic artists of the period.(stpetersbasilica.org)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn3\"><strong>[iii]</strong></a>” </em>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/tumblr_m5m6njjmfg1qgpvyjo1_12803.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2654\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/tumblr_m5m6njjmfg1qgpvyjo1_12803-208x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"208\" height=\"300\" /></a>\r\n\r\nWhile other domes have been constructed had been constructed previously in and around Italy, I believe this particular piece stands out due to the sheer enormity and grandiosity of the structural modeling needed to support the dome that now crowns what was the Basilica. (web) “<em>To give a reference point: US Capitol-96ft, The Pantheon-142ft, and St Peter’s-138ft.(pbs.org)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn4\"><strong>[iv]</strong></a>”</em> Michelangelo’s St. Peter’s Dome in Rome and Brunelleschi’s Dome in Florence share many structural ideas. However, there are some obvious differences in height, diameter, and internal style. Both artists have drawn from the same basic structural design. Brunelleschi’s dome in Florence was the largest domed structure in Italy at 50 meters in diameter and 90 meters in height; finished post mortum 1473(brunelleschisdome.org)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn5\">[v]</a>. Then Michelangelo’s dome at the Basilica in Rome now stands at an impressive 71 meters in diameter and 120 meters in height finished post mortum 1590(stpetersbasilica.org)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn6\">[vi]</a>. The largest differences between these two goliaths of humanistic engineering and artistic spirits would be the method of work that went into the project and the beauty that it portrays. While Brunelleschi focused on painting and architectural details, Michelangelo also incorporated ornate sculpture in his expression.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nI think that those inclined to the religious statements of the work received it well. Wu writes, “<em>Michelangelo wanted people\'s first reaction as they walked into the dome is astonishment. People may be overwhelmed to see the amount of light that appears at the top of the dome and will lead and draw the audience\'s attention slowly toward the dome. However, the sensation must only last in an instant, because he didn\'t want people to feel secluded from the massiveness of the dome, rather be a part of the dimension of pure contemplation. (web)</em><a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn7\">[vii]</a>”\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>     </strong>In the current view<strong> </strong>I believe that it is thought of as a symbol that might unify the people of the Catholic and Christian faiths. I think a lot of people today respect the amount of work that went into the project and the beauty that it portrays. I also believe that today people are less unified by a symbol of faith such as the Basilica due to the intelligence level of the populace and the availability of information on other faiths. It is also my belief that this and other great works with religious design are meant to inspire awe, respect, power, and control.\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>     </strong>Why should Michelangelo’s Dome of St Peter’s be preserved in a time capsule? As an architectural drafting major, the part that I found most meaningful was the marriage of structure and art. It is just as beautiful on the outside as on the inside. The architectural statements of the time were amazing to me. This piece of history serves as an inspiration of faith for some, and a reminder of the past for others. I believe that<strong> </strong>what this piece and others like it are telling future generations is to appreciate the piece of art in front of you, but understand the roots from whence it came. Great achievements can be achieved by man when they focus on the task. Whatever the reason one ultimately decides on, the important piece is to remember.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<hr align=\"left\" size=\"1\" width=\"33%\" />\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref1\">[i]</a> Fiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup> ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref2\">[ii]</a> Fiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup> ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref3\">[iii]</a> Quoted and paraphrased from <a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome</a>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref4\">[iv]</a> Quoted from <a href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html\">http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html</a>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref5\">[v]</a> Paraphrase - <a href=\"http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/\">http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/</a>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref6\">[vi]</a> Quoted - <a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome</a>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn7\">[vii]</a> Quoted - Helen Wu. \"<em>Honors In Rome” </em><a href=\"http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html\"><em>http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html</em></a> Summer 2004, Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div><strong>Works Cited:</strong></div>\r\n<div></div>\r\n<div>Fiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup>ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nHelen Wu. \"<em>Honors In Rome” </em><a href=\"http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html\"><em>http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html</em></a> Summer 2004, Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/\">http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/</a>   …web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html\">http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html</a>…web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Interior/Dome/Dome.htm\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Interior/Dome/Dome.htm</a> ...web n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n<em> </em>\r\n\r\nImage 1 <a href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/farbspiel/5053183077/in/photostream/lightbox/\">http://www.flickr.com/photos/farbspiel/5053183077/in/photostream/lightbox/</a>  …web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\nImage 2 <a href=\"http://theridoureport.blogspot.com/2011/04/wood-model-of-dome-and-drum-for-saint.html\">http://theridoureport.blogspot.com/2011/04/wood-model-of-dome-and-drum-for-saint.html</a>…web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\nImage 3 <a href=\"http://avoidbuilding.tumblr.com/image/25324803997\">http://avoidbuilding.tumblr.com/image/25324803997</a>…web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n&nbsp;','Michelangelo\'s St. Peter\'s Dome','','inherit','open','open','','2393-revision-16','','','2012-09-27 03:09:12','2012-09-27 09:09:12','',2393,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2657',0,'revision','',0),(2658,62,'2012-09-27 10:34:02','0000-00-00 00:00:00','','Auto Draft','','auto-draft','open','open','','','','','2012-09-27 10:34:02','0000-00-00 00:00:00','',0,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2658',0,'post','',0),(2659,64,'2012-09-28 03:59:38','0000-00-00 00:00:00','','Auto Draft','','auto-draft','open','open','','','','','2012-09-28 03:59:38','0000-00-00 00:00:00','',0,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2659',0,'post','',0),(2660,64,'2012-09-28 06:21:52','0000-00-00 00:00:00','','Auto Draft','','auto-draft','open','open','','','','','2012-09-28 06:21:52','0000-00-00 00:00:00','',0,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2660',0,'post','',0),(2661,1,'2012-09-27 03:22:10','2012-09-27 09:22:10','AUSTIN COMMUNITY COLLEGE\r\n\r\nTCP – 1 Michelangelo’s Dome of St. Peter’s Basilica\r\n\r\nJ.LAUER HUMA 1302-007 #13622\r\n\r\nPHILIP ROBINSON\r\n\r\n9/24/2012\r\n\r\nTime Capsule Project 1\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Image-1.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2630\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Image-1-208x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"208\" height=\"300\" /></a><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Michelangelos-St.-Peters-Dome-Google-Earth-Img.2.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2656\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Michelangelos-St.-Peters-Dome-Google-Earth-Img.2-300x251.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"251\" /></a>\r\n\r\nMichelangelo’s work on the Dome at St. Peter’s was a return to the former grandeur of Greek and Roman work brought forth during the renaissance period of classical humanism focusing on Christian and classical subjects. (Fiero)Michelangelo worked on St. Peter’s Basilica from 1546 until his death in 1564 at 88. At the time of the domes commission, wealthy merchants, and people of stature had been commissioning grand estates and pieces of art to decorate them. The church decided to follow in the footsteps of their patrons and commission a jewel for the Basilica in Rome Italy. The trend was quite simple, the bigger and more elaborate the better(ch 16)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn1\">[i]</a>. There are many facets of this particular building that are fascinating, however for this paper I will be focusing on the architectural facet.<!--more-->\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/10_IMG_70193.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2653\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/10_IMG_70193-300x216.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"216\" /></a>\r\n\r\n(fiero)Given the backdrop of the plague and its decimating effect on civilization and the lack of qualified artisans to rebuild, maintain, and improve basic societal infrastructure; one can imagine the rarity of skilled individuals capable of designing and building a dome of this magnitude(ch 16-19)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn2\">[ii]</a>. While sharing design aspects with the Pantheon of the Greek and Roman period, this renaissance period remodel is much larger. The interior of Michelangelo’s Dome of St. of St Peter’s is absolutely stunning.  There are many artistic features of the interior that add considerable weight reinforcement necessities with regard to structural concerns. (web)<strong><em>“</em></strong><em>The great dome soars above the altar and the baldacchino, sumptuously embellished with mosaic and stucco ornaments. It is supported by four structural piers with a perimeter of 71 m. and a height of 120 m. from the ground to the roof of the lantern. With the four Evangelists that are portrayed in medallions with a diameter of 8.5 m. The gigantic black letters (2 m. high) of this text on a gold background are lit by the light from 16 large windows, typical of Michelangelo\'s style, which punctuate the drum. Above the windows, the dome is divided into sixteen ribs and as many segments, decorated by majestic figures on six ascending concentric levels. Starting at the bottom the figures portray: 1. busts of the 16 popes buried in the basilica; 2. majestic figures of Christ, the Virgin Mary, St. Joseph, St. John the Baptist and various Apostles;3. in the rectangular frames, angels bearing the instruments of Jesus\' Passion; 4. the faces of cherubim and seraphim in circular medallions; 5. angels, the custodians of St. Peter\'s tomb; 6. additional faces of winged angels. </em>\r\n\r\n<em>     Many artists worked on these decorations. Clement VIII commissioned Giuseppe Cesari, known as Cavalier d\'Arpino (1568-1640) to carry out the upper part of the decoration. He prepared the cartoons from 1603 to 1612. His drawings were simultaneously transposed into mosaic by the best mosaic artists of the period.(stpetersbasilica.org)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn3\"><strong>[iii]</strong></a>” </em>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/tumblr_m5m6njjmfg1qgpvyjo1_12803.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2654\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/tumblr_m5m6njjmfg1qgpvyjo1_12803-208x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"208\" height=\"300\" /></a>\r\n\r\nWhile other domes have been constructed had been constructed previously in and around Italy, I believe this particular piece stands out due to the sheer enormity and grandiosity of the structural modeling needed to support the dome that now crowns what was the Basilica. (web) “<em>To give a reference point: US Capitol-96ft, The Pantheon-142ft, and St Peter’s-138ft.(pbs.org)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn4\"><strong>[iv]</strong></a>”</em> Michelangelo’s St. Peter’s Dome in Rome and Brunelleschi’s Dome in Florence share many structural ideas. However, there are some obvious differences in height, diameter, and internal style. Both artists have drawn from the same basic structural design. Brunelleschi’s dome in Florence was the largest domed structure in Italy at 50 meters in diameter and 90 meters in height; finished post mortum 1473(brunelleschisdome.org)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn5\">[v]</a>. Then Michelangelo’s dome at the Basilica in Rome now stands at an impressive 71 meters in diameter and 120 meters in height finished post mortum 1590(stpetersbasilica.org)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn6\">[vi]</a>. The largest differences between these two goliaths of humanistic engineering and artistic spirits would be the method of work that went into the project and the beauty that it portrays. While Brunelleschi focused on painting and architectural details, Michelangelo also incorporated ornate sculpture in his expression.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nI think that those inclined to the religious statements of the work received it well. Wu writes, “<em>Michelangelo wanted people\'s first reaction as they walked into the dome is astonishment. People may be overwhelmed to see the amount of light that appears at the top of the dome and will lead and draw the audience\'s attention slowly toward the dome. However, the sensation must only last in an instant, because he didn\'t want people to feel secluded from the massiveness of the dome, rather be a part of the dimension of pure contemplation. (web)</em><a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn7\">[vii]</a>”\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>     </strong>In the current view<strong> </strong>I believe that it is thought of as a symbol that might unify the people of the Catholic and Christian faiths. I think a lot of people today respect the amount of work that went into the project and the beauty that it portrays. I also believe that today people are less unified by a symbol of faith such as the Basilica due to the intelligence level of the populace and the availability of information on other faiths. It is also my belief that this and other great works with religious design are meant to inspire awe, respect, power, and control.\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>     </strong>Why should Michelangelo’s Dome of St Peter’s be preserved in a time capsule? As an architectural drafting major, the part that I found most meaningful was the marriage of structure and art. It is just as beautiful on the outside as on the inside. The architectural statements of the time were amazing to me. This piece of history serves as an inspiration of faith for some, and a reminder of the past for others. I believe that<strong> </strong>what this piece and others like it are telling future generations is to appreciate the piece of art in front of you, but understand the roots from whence it came. Great achievements can be achieved by man when they focus on the task. Whatever the reason one ultimately decides on, the important piece is to remember.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<hr align=\"left\" size=\"1\" width=\"33%\" />\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref1\">[i]</a> Fiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup> ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref2\">[ii]</a> Fiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup> ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref3\">[iii]</a> Quoted and paraphrased from <a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome</a>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref4\">[iv]</a> Quoted from <a href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html\">http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html</a>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref5\">[v]</a> Paraphrase - <a href=\"http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/\">http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/</a>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref6\">[vi]</a> Quoted - <a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome</a>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn7\">[vii]</a> Quoted - Helen Wu. \"<em>Honors In Rome” </em><a href=\"http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html\"><em>http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html</em></a> Summer 2004, Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div><strong>Works Cited:</strong></div>\r\n<div></div>\r\n<div>Fiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup>ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nHelen Wu. \"<em>Honors In Rome” </em><a href=\"http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html\"><em>http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html</em></a> Summer 2004, Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/\">http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/</a>   …web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html\">http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html</a>…web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Interior/Dome/Dome.htm\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Interior/Dome/Dome.htm</a> ...web n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n<em> </em>\r\n\r\nImage 1 <a href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/farbspiel/5053183077/in/photostream/lightbox/\">http://www.flickr.com/photos/farbspiel/5053183077/in/photostream/lightbox/</a>  …web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\nImage 2 <a href=\"http://theridoureport.blogspot.com/2011/04/wood-model-of-dome-and-drum-for-saint.html\">http://theridoureport.blogspot.com/2011/04/wood-model-of-dome-and-drum-for-saint.html</a>…web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\nImage 3 <a href=\"http://avoidbuilding.tumblr.com/image/25324803997\">http://avoidbuilding.tumblr.com/image/25324803997</a>…web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\nImage 4 PC Application Google Earth image...n.p., n.d., fall 2012\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n&nbsp;','Michelangelo\'s St. Peter\'s Dome','','inherit','open','open','','2393-revision-17','','','2012-09-27 03:22:10','2012-09-27 09:22:10','',2393,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2661',0,'revision','',0),(2663,1,'2012-09-25 13:00:12','2012-09-25 19:00:12','<p align=\"center\"> “The Prince”</p>\r\n<p align=\"center\">Niccolo Machiavelli</p>\r\n<p align=\"center\">16<sup>th</sup> Century</p>\r\n<p align=\"center\"> <img class=\"alignnone\" src=\"http://www.iranian.com/main/files/blogimages/machiavelli.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"331\" height=\"475\" /></p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nNiccolo Machiavelli, an Italian philosopher during the renaissance, was regarded highly for his controversial writings and aggressive stance on political power. To illustrate the issues of government during the renaissance, Machiavelli wrote a book entitled “The Prince” in order to effectively demonstrate the vulnerability of power in the Italian monarchy and promote self reliance amongst the general populace.\r\n\r\n<!--more-->The early renaissance consisted of a time that is now exemplified and referred to as one of the first modernistic styles of culture that societies have established and are now regarded for ending the primitive age. During the era, science, religion, politics, business, art and even literature were recorded and preserved in order to be reflected upon in the future (now). Minds such as, Da Vinci or Raphael are part of the main reason that the Renaissance ceases to create an era reckoned for its high relative intelligence and high class.\r\n\r\n“The Prince”, by Niccolo Machiavelli is interesting in the sense that it was considered to be one of the first modern political books. As a result, it is not a book typical of its era, although the book is essentially a reference to the present time relative of its release to the public in 1532. The natures of its contents were direct reflections of the monarchy that Machiavelli perceived as a negative impact to the Italian society.\r\n\r\nToday’s standards consist of liberal movements that accept most forms of diversity in a broad sense. For instance, “The Communist Manifesto” by Karl Marx was banned during the red scare and partly after, until libertarians decided the book was a symbol of oppressive government. The point is, at the time of publication for “The Prince” it was a controversial centerpiece that garnered advocating a tyrannical style of ruling.\r\n\r\nDuring the 16<sup>th</sup> century, most citizens revered the monarchy as force that was to be feared and regarded as a higher authority. However, since the book was published five years after the death of Machiavelli, the general populace couldn’t direct their aggression toward Machiavelli. Instead the public deemed the book as a form of strategy to attain a government through a personal constabulary. It was a consistent reminder to the general public that the Medici family continued to rule the area, sinceItaly consisted of multiple city sections instead of being one unified single state.\r\n\r\nPersonally, I think the work is great. It summarized the renaissance era in a way that embellished what was perceived as wrong. The logic behind the work is extremely simplistic, yet these enabled Lorenzo Medici from the Medici family to grasp the concept of sustaining power throughout the sections. It is considered to be one of the most controversial books, however the book itself is ingenious, due to the fact that it laminates what citizens hoped to achieve. The readers of the book understood that the intention of it was not to gain notoriety, instead it was written to evaporate the Medici’s distrust of Machiavelli, which only betters the writing due to the fact that its intention was not to be famous.\r\n\r\nA book similar to “The Prince” would be “Oration on the Dignity of Man” by Pico. Pico announced his oration during the late 15<sup>th</sup> century, as opposed to Machiavelli’s in the 16<sup>th</sup> century. “Oration on the Dignity of Man” was essentially an analysis of the human mind authored by Pico della Mirandola, another renaissance philosopher. Both contain appeals to humans, although Machiavelli and Pico differed in the sense that Pico’s was a deliberate denouncement.\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n“The Prince” is significant because of the great history behind it. It’s significant because it was one of the first modern political books. It’s significant because it Machiavelli an escape from the hatred of the Medici family. Lastly, it’s significant because it uses thoughts that were perceived to be evil and molds them to create a construct of power. To this day it is still considered one of the top most controversial literary artifacts of history.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p align=\"center\">Works Cited</p>\r\n\"Niccolo Machiavelli &amp; The Prince.\" <em>Niccolo Machiavelli &amp; The Prince</em>. A Collection of Wisdom, n.d. Web.24 Sept. 2012. &lt;http://www.rodneyohebsion.com/machiavelli.htm&gt;.\r\n\r\nBoyer, Josh, Luca Wilmer, and Edison Jyang. \"The Prince.\" <em>The Literature Network</em>. Jalic Inc., n.d. Web.24 Sept. 2012. &lt;http://www.online-literature.com/machiavelli/prince/&gt;.\r\n\r\n\"Machiavelli, Niccolo. 1469Â–1527. The Prince. Vol. 36, Part 1. The Harvard Classics.\" <em>Machiavelli, Niccolo</em><em>. 1469Â–1527</em><em>. The Prince</em><em>. Vol</em><em>. 36, Part 1</em><em>. The Harvard Classics</em>. Trans. N.H Thomson.NEW YORK: P.F. COLLIER &amp; SON COMPANY, 1909–14NEW YORK: BARTLEBY.COM, 2001, n.d. Web.24 Sept. 2012. &lt;http://www.bartleby.com/36/1/&gt;.','\"The Prince\", by Niccolo Machiavelli','','inherit','open','open','','2560-revision-8','','','2012-09-25 13:00:12','2012-09-25 19:00:12','',2560,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2663',0,'revision','',0),(2662,1,'2012-09-30 12:01:01','2012-09-30 18:01:01','AUSTIN COMMUNITY COLLEGE\r\n\r\nTCP – 1 Michelangelo’s Dome of St. Peter’s Basilica\r\n\r\nJ.LAUER HUMA 1302-007 #13622\r\n\r\nPHILIP ROBINSON\r\n\r\n9/24/2012\r\n\r\nTime Capsule Project 1\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Image-1.jpg\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-2630 aligncenter\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Image-1-208x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"208\" height=\"300\" /></a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Michelangelos-St.-Peters-Dome-Google-Earth-Img.2.jpg\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-2656 aligncenter\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Michelangelos-St.-Peters-Dome-Google-Earth-Img.2-300x251.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"251\" /></a>\r\n\r\nMichelangelo’s work on the Dome at St. Peter’s was a return to the former grandeur of Greek and Roman work brought forth during the renaissance period of classical humanism focusing on Christian and classical subjects. (Fiero)Michelangelo worked on St. Peter’s Basilica from 1546 until his death in 1564 at 88. At the time of the domes commission, wealthy merchants, and people of stature had been commissioning grand estates and pieces of art to decorate them. The church decided to follow in the footsteps of their patrons and commission a jewel for the Basilica in Rome Italy. The trend was quite simple, the bigger and more elaborate the better(ch 16)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn1\">[i]</a>. There are many facets of this particular building that are fascinating, however for this paper I will be focusing on the architectural facet.<!--more-->\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/10_IMG_70193.jpg\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-2653 aligncenter\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/10_IMG_70193-300x216.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"216\" /></a>\r\n\r\n(fiero)Given the backdrop of the plague and its decimating effect on civilization and the lack of qualified artisans to rebuild, maintain, and improve basic societal infrastructure; one can imagine the rarity of skilled individuals capable of designing and building a dome of this magnitude(ch 16-19)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn2\">[ii]</a>. While sharing design aspects with the Pantheon of the Greek and Roman period, this renaissance period remodel is much larger. The interior of Michelangelo’s Dome of St. of St Peter’s is absolutely stunning.  There are many artistic features of the interior that add considerable weight reinforcement necessities with regard to structural concerns. (web)<strong><em>“</em></strong><em>The great dome soars above the altar and the baldacchino, sumptuously embellished with mosaic and stucco ornaments. It is supported by four structural piers with a perimeter of 71 m. and a height of 120 m. from the ground to the roof of the lantern. With the four Evangelists that are portrayed in medallions with a diameter of 8.5 m. The gigantic black letters (2 m. high) of this text on a gold background are lit by the light from 16 large windows, typical of Michelangelo\'s style, which punctuate the drum. Above the windows, the dome is divided into sixteen ribs and as many segments, decorated by majestic figures on six ascending concentric levels. Starting at the bottom the figures portray: 1. busts of the 16 popes buried in the basilica; 2. majestic figures of Christ, the Virgin Mary, St. Joseph, St. John the Baptist and various Apostles;3. in the rectangular frames, angels bearing the instruments of Jesus\' Passion; 4. the faces of cherubim and seraphim in circular medallions; 5. angels, the custodians of St. Peter\'s tomb; 6. additional faces of winged angels. </em>\r\n\r\n<em>     Many artists worked on these decorations. Clement VIII commissioned Giuseppe Cesari, known as Cavalier d\'Arpino (1568-1640) to carry out the upper part of the decoration. He prepared the cartoons from 1603 to 1612. His drawings were simultaneously transposed into mosaic by the best mosaic artists of the period.(stpetersbasilica.org)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn3\"><strong>[iii]</strong></a>” </em>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/tumblr_m5m6njjmfg1qgpvyjo1_12803.jpg\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-2654 aligncenter\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/tumblr_m5m6njjmfg1qgpvyjo1_12803-208x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"208\" height=\"300\" /></a>\r\n\r\nWhile other domes have been constructed had been constructed previously in and around Italy, I believe this particular piece stands out due to the sheer enormity and grandiosity of the structural modeling needed to support the dome that now crowns what was the Basilica. (web) “<em>To give a reference point: US Capitol-96ft, The Pantheon-142ft, and St Peter’s-138ft.(pbs.org)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn4\"><strong>[iv]</strong></a>”</em> Michelangelo’s St. Peter’s Dome in Rome and Brunelleschi’s Dome in Florence share many structural ideas. However, there are some obvious differences in height, diameter, and internal style. Both artists have drawn from the same basic structural design. Brunelleschi’s dome in Florence was the largest domed structure in Italy at 50 meters in diameter and 90 meters in height; finished post mortum 1473(brunelleschisdome.org)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn5\">[v]</a>. Then Michelangelo’s dome at the Basilica in Rome now stands at an impressive 71 meters in diameter and 120 meters in height finished post mortum 1590(stpetersbasilica.org)<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn6\">[vi]</a>. The largest differences between these two goliaths of humanistic engineering and artistic spirits would be the method of work that went into the project and the beauty that it portrays. While Brunelleschi focused on painting and architectural details, Michelangelo also incorporated ornate sculpture in his expression.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nI think that those inclined to the religious statements of the work received it well. Wu writes, “<em>Michelangelo wanted people\'s first reaction as they walked into the dome is astonishment. People may be overwhelmed to see the amount of light that appears at the top of the dome and will lead and draw the audience\'s attention slowly toward the dome. However, the sensation must only last in an instant, because he didn\'t want people to feel secluded from the massiveness of the dome, rather be a part of the dimension of pure contemplation. (web)</em><a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn7\">[vii]</a>”\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>     </strong>In the current view<strong> </strong>I believe that it is thought of as a symbol that might unify the people of the Catholic and Christian faiths. I think a lot of people today respect the amount of work that went into the project and the beauty that it portrays. I also believe that today people are less unified by a symbol of faith such as the Basilica due to the intelligence level of the populace and the availability of information on other faiths. It is also my belief that this and other great works with religious design are meant to inspire awe, respect, power, and control.\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>     </strong>Why should Michelangelo’s Dome of St Peter’s be preserved in a time capsule? As an architectural drafting major, the part that I found most meaningful was the marriage of structure and art. It is just as beautiful on the outside as on the inside. The architectural statements of the time were amazing to me. This piece of history serves as an inspiration of faith for some, and a reminder of the past for others. I believe that<strong> </strong>what this piece and others like it are telling future generations is to appreciate the piece of art in front of you, but understand the roots from whence it came. Great achievements can be achieved by man when they focus on the task. Whatever the reason one ultimately decides on, the important piece is to remember.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<hr align=\"left\" size=\"1\" width=\"33%\" />\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref1\">[i]</a> Fiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup> ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref2\">[ii]</a> Fiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup> ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref3\">[iii]</a> Quoted and paraphrased from <a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome</a>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref4\">[iv]</a> Quoted from <a href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html\">http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html</a>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref5\">[v]</a> Paraphrase - <a href=\"http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/\">http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/</a>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ednref6\">[vi]</a> Quoted - <a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Docs/Basilica-Square3.htm#Dome</a>\r\n\r\n<a title=\"\" href=\"#_edn7\">[vii]</a> Quoted - Helen Wu. \"<em>Honors In Rome” </em><a href=\"http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html\"><em>http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html</em></a> Summer 2004, Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div><strong>Works Cited:</strong></div>\r\n<div></div>\r\n<div>Fiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup>ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nHelen Wu. \"<em>Honors In Rome” </em><a href=\"http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html\"><em>http://honorsaharchive.blogspot.com/2004/10/michelangelos-contributions-to-saint.html</em></a> Summer 2004, Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/\">http://www.brunelleschisdome.com/</a>   …web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html\">http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/st_peters_basilica.html</a>…web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Interior/Dome/Dome.htm\">http://saintpetersbasilica.org/Interior/Dome/Dome.htm</a> ...web n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\n<em> </em>\r\n\r\nImage 1 <a href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/farbspiel/5053183077/in/photostream/lightbox/\">http://www.flickr.com/photos/farbspiel/5053183077/in/photostream/lightbox/</a>  …web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\nImage 2 <a href=\"http://theridoureport.blogspot.com/2011/04/wood-model-of-dome-and-drum-for-saint.html\">http://theridoureport.blogspot.com/2011/04/wood-model-of-dome-and-drum-for-saint.html</a>…web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\nImage 3 <a href=\"http://avoidbuilding.tumblr.com/image/25324803997\">http://avoidbuilding.tumblr.com/image/25324803997</a>…web, n.p., n.d., Fall 2012\r\n\r\nImage 4 PC Application Google Earth image...n.p., n.d., fall 2012\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n&nbsp;','Michelangelo\'s St. Peter\'s Dome','','inherit','open','open','','2393-revision-18','','','2012-09-30 12:01:01','2012-09-30 18:01:01','',2393,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2662',0,'revision','',0),(2665,1,'2012-09-30 12:09:03','2012-09-30 18:09:03','<img class=\"alignnone\" src=\"http://www.mexconnect.com/photos/8996-teotihuacan1s-p-panoramic-view-of-teotihuacan-looking-south-from-the-top-o-original.jpg?1267914708\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nThe  pyramids  of  Teotihuacan  are  one  of  the  oldest  pyramids  in are  history. They  are  located  in  Mexico  about  30miles  from  one  of  the  biggest  city’s  in  the  world  known  as  Mexico  City.  The  original  date  of  theses  pyramids  are  unknown  but  should  be  older then 200  a.d.  Also  for  a  time  period  the  Aztec  had  wondered  off  from  what  they  have  been told  by  their  gods, and  had  stumbled  upon  the  pyramids  of  Teotihuacan  to  have  as  there own  land. These  magnificent  pyramids  are  a  big  part  of  history  and  should  be  conserved for  future  generations  to  be  able  to  learn  from  them. If  these  Pyramids  would  be  destroyed  there  would  be  allot  off  useful   information gone. We  are  still  to  this  day  still  learning  and gaining knowledge  from studying  them.\r\n\r\n<!--more-->There  are  many  important  historical  impacts   that  have  shaped  the  pyramids.  From  the  Mayans  having  it  has  there  kingdom. To  the  Aztec’s  defeat  of  Cortez  and his Spanish  armed  forces.Sciences  all  off  this  they  are  just used  for  a tourist  site. For  use  to  ask  who  had built these Pyramids we have  to  know  that  the  builders  are  still  to  this  day unknown. Some  general  knowledge  is  That  the  two  biggest  of the  pyramids  are  the  sun  and  the  moon  pyramids. They  are  a representation  of  a  strong  connection  that  the  people  had  both  with  their  gods  and  with  the  universe.\r\n\r\nTo  actually  say  what  era  the  pyramids  purpose  was  or  what  they  worked for  is  asking  what  many  of  the  different  tribal  backgrounds  have  used  them  for. You called point  out  what  the  Aztec  people  used them  for. It  was  there  place  of  worship, and gathering were all put to use during there time period.  You could compare it to the Great Pyramids of Egypt. Saying that they are both very important structures. just as the Egyptian pyramids they are enormous  in size and have barrel grounds in them for there kings in queens just as Teotihuacan do for there  leaders. They are alike in many  ways like the way they align up with each other. Even if they are so far apart from each other there functions are about the same throughout history. having different rulers over them and gods coming down are just some of the similarities they have. Also having  1used as dramatic stage for religious rituals and civic ceremonies.\r\n\r\n3Which making them very unusual and ahead of its structurally time period. A fact about the Sun and the Moon pyramid is that they are actually aligned up with the sun and the moon. The main street that connects them is called “Street of Dead” which in many cases could be interesting for why they called it that. Known for sightings of there gods for sacrifices or tolls they would receive  from them, also giving the people a greater knowledge of the world. I think of the gods they said they would come down from the sky “other worldly gods”. Which has made a very huge impact on what is being discovered. A cool thing about the name is that it means 1The Place Where Men Become Gods. Which was very interesting men becoming gods does that mean that they were given powers are just tools that made them like the gods.\r\n\r\nThought time they have been worked on and built on from different cultural groups forming there own certain structural features. For each time they were controlled by a group of people they had vast land to live off of. from the tools that were given to them had made there lives allot easier and made them able to think for them selves. There is contrivers  on how they received these gifts and how they were used in different eras.\r\n\r\nFor most part people just know that these pyramids of Teotihuacan are located in Mexico, and probably that the Aztec had apart to do with them. They are a significant part of Mexican history to show How we had started off. Their concerns for this place is some were to go on a family vacation or road trip. Some 2Archologists today are still stunned to how anyone would be able to pick up those thousand pound bricks. How they would be able to carried them or even move them from one spot to the next. Which i would think is mind boggling.\r\n\r\nMy thought how the Teotihuacan Pyramids is that we need to look deeper then what facts are given to use to really be able to learn and define what your thoughts are own the pyramids. I am also think that it is a very good thing to be able to know about what has gone down in history and in the very magnificent Structural grounds. For that i conclude that i am glad that i as able to go in depth about Teotihuacan.\r\n\r\nWork cited List\r\n1. www.ancient-wisdom.co.oh/mexicoteotihuacan.htm\r\nLewis Spence, Mexico and Peru, 1994, Senate press. Renato Vesco, David Hatcher Childress. Man Made UFO\'s. 2007. Adventures Unlimited Press.Fagan, Garrett G. (2006). Archaeological Fantasies: How Pseudoarchaeology Misrepresents the Past and Misleads the Public. New York: Routledge. pp. 102The atlas of mysterious places. Guild publishing. 1987. G. Hancock. Fingerprints of the gods. Mandarin. 1996.\r\n\r\n2.http://www.mexconnect.com/articles/823-the-great-pyramids-of-teotihuacan-mexico-place-of-the-gods823-the-great-pyramids-of-teotihuacan-mexico-place-of-the-gods\r\nBy: Allen Cogan\r\n3. http://www.aztec-history.com/\r\nThe Aztecs by Michael E. Smith (2003); Aztec Imperial Strategies by Frances F. Berdan, et al. (1996); Imperial Ends: The Decay, Collapse, and Revival of Empires by Alexander K. Motyl (2001); The Tenochca Empire of Ancient Mexico: The Triple Alliance of Tenochtitlan, Tetzcoco, and Tlacopan by Pedro Carrasco (1999)\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Pyramids of Teotihuacan ','','inherit','open','open','','2549-revision-9','','','2012-09-30 12:09:03','2012-09-30 18:09:03','',2549,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2665',0,'revision','',0),(2666,1,'2012-09-25 13:00:57','2012-09-25 19:00:57','[gallery]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe Sistine Chapel ceilings should be preserved because it is a reminder and visual of the Creation of man. The Sistine Chapel Ceiling  (Creation of Adam and Last Judgment), was created by Michelangelo Buonarroti when Pope Julius II commissioned him to repaint the ceiling in 1508.The works of art located on The Sistine Chapel Ceiling tells nine stories from the first book of the bible, Genesis. The Creation of Adam, the most famous, has been replicated and mass produced in almost every culture. The Sistine Chapel Ceiling remains a masterpiece and has inspired many of its visitors throughout history. Along the central section of the ceiling, Michelangelo depicted nine scenes from the Book of Genesis, the first book of the Bible. Williams E. Wallace states, the pictures fall into three groups of three alternating large and small panels:<!--more-->\r\n\r\nThe first group shows God creating the Heavens and the Earth. The second group shows God creating the first man and woman, Adam and Eve, and their disobedience of God and consequent expulsion from the Garden of Eden where they have lived and where they walked with God The third group of three pictures shows the plight of Humanity, and in particular the family of Noah. Visually the pictures are not in strictly chronological order (30).\r\n\r\nWallace says, if they are perceived as three groups, then the pictures in each of the three units inform upon each other, in the same way as was usual in Medieval paintings and stained glass (Wallace 31). Wallace interjects; the three sections of Creation, Downfall and Fate of Humanity appear in reverse order, when read from the entrance of the chapel. However, each individual scene is painted to be viewed when looking towards the altar (Wallace, 30). This is not easily apparent when viewing a reproduced image of the ceiling, but becomes clear when the viewer looks upward at the vault. Paoletti and Radke suggest that this reversed progression symbolizes a return to a state of grace (qtd. in Wallace 30). Wallace says the three sections are generally described in the order of Biblical chronology:\r\n\r\nThe scenes, from the altar towards the main door, are ordered as follows: The Separation of Light and Darkness, The Creation of the Sun, Moon and Earth, The Separation of Land and Water, The Creation of Adam, The Creation of Eve, The Temptation and Expulsion, The Sacrifice of Noah, The Great Flood, and The Drunkenness of Noah. This monumental fresco covers the entire end wall of the chapel which led the obliteration of the frescoes painted at the time of Sixtus IV: the first figures of the popes, the first two scenes of the life of Christ and life of Moses, the image of the Virgin of Assumption (by Perugino), together with the first two lunettes, representing the Ancestors of Christ were frescoed earlier by Michelangelo himself. The two large windows set into the altar wall were closed up (31).\r\n\r\nA historical time line taken from The Encyclopædia Britannica states:\r\n\r\nDuring the early years before the creation of the Sistine chapel in 1494 Charles VIII of France (r. 1483–98) invaded Italy and seized Naples, launching the “Italian Wars”. This war involved a series of military conflicts between rival European powers—particularly France and Spain—for the takeover of several Italian city-states. In 1497 Michelangelo perhaps the outstanding painter, sculptor, architect, and draftsman of his time was active in Rome, having left Florence after the expulsion of the Medici in 1494. He receives a commission for the tomb of a French cardinal at Saint Peter\'s Basilica, for which he executes the Pietà, a life size sculpture depicting the dead Christ in his mother\'s arms. The masterful rendering of the human form and the flowing drapery of the Virgin\'s garment, as well as the combined dignity and emotional intensity of this work earn much praise from the artist\'s contemporaries. After completing the Pietà, Michelangelo returns to Florence, where he produces the colossal David which is completed 1504 (“Michelangelo,” <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Encyclopædia Britannica</span>).\r\n\r\nIn 1503 Giuliano della Rovere is elected Pope Julius II (r. 1503–13). An outstanding patron, Julius commissions some of the finest landmarks of Renaissance art. Shortly after his election, he plans to replace the extant Saint Peter\'s Basilica with a new structure. A central-plan church of potential magnificence, designed by Bramante, is begun in 1506; construction is barely underway when the architect dies in 1514. In 1505, Michelangelo returns to Rome and undertakes a monumental tomb design for Pope Julius II. Due to various complications, the scale of the project is dramatically reduced over time, and of the forty over-life size figures planned by Michelangelo for the tomb, only the statue of Moses (1513–15; now Church of San Pietro in Vincoli) is fully realized. Also originally intended for the tomb are several figures of slaves, some half-finished. The tomb would remain incomplete until 1547 (“Michelangelo,” Encyclopædia Britannica).\r\n\r\nIn 1508, Luca Signorelli (1441–1523) completes the fresco cycle on the walls of the Sistine Chapel. In the same year, Julius II summons Michelangelo from a sojourn in Florence to paint ceiling frescoes for the chapel. The complex program, painted over the next four years, includes scenes from the Book of Genesis—notably, the creation of man and the expulsion of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden—as well as figures of apostles, prophets, and sibyls. More than twenty years later, Michelangelo returns to the chapel and paints the Last Judgment (1536–41) for the apse wall. The Sistine Chapel ceilings, enormous fresco, presents a vivid, turbulent vision of the ecstasy of the saved and the torments of the damned was painted over the altar, at the commission of Pope Paul III Farnese (“Michelangelo,” Encyclopædia Britannica).\r\n\r\nAccording to Gloria Fiero:\r\n\r\nA significant archeological event influenced Michelangelo\'s treatment of the figure after 1506: in that year, diggers working in Rome uncovered the Laocoön, the celebrated Hellenistic sculpture that had been known to Western scholars only by way of the Roman writer, Pliny. The sculpture with its bold contortions and its powerfully rendered anatomy had as great an impact on Michelangelo and the course of High Renaissance art as Cicero\'s prose had exercised on Petrarch and Early Renaissance literature. Michelangelo’s work, completed between 1508 and 1512, was cohesive with the times; indeed, the twisted torsos, taut muscles, and stretched physiques of the Sistine Chapel figures (ch.17).\r\n\r\nJulie L. Carnagie, Peggy Saari, and Aaron Saari state, the work of the Sistine Chapel ceilings suffered numerous setbacks, such as mold and miserable, damp weather that disallowed plaster curing. A primary cause of downtime occurred when Julius was off waging a war, or ill to the point that Last Rites were administered. The ceiling project, and any hope Michelangelo had of being paid, were both frequently in jeopardy while Julius was absent or near death (234).\r\n\r\nWallace says, while much of the symbolism of the ceiling dates from the early church, the ceiling also has elements that express the specifically Renaissance thinking that sought to reconcile Christian theology with the philosophy of Renaissance Humanism. During the 15th century in Italy, and in Florence in particular, there was a strong interest in Classical literature and the philosophies of Plato, Socrates and other Classical writers. Michelangelo, as a young man, had spent time at the Humanist academy established by the Medici family in Florence (20).\r\n\r\nAccording to Carnagie, P. Saari, and A. Saari:\r\n\r\nThe rediscovery of Greco-Roman culture in the Renaissance restored the nude to the heart of creative endeavor. Nude figures based on antique models appear in Italy as early as the mid-thirteenth century, and by the mid-fifteenth century, nudes had become symbols of antiquity and its reincarnation. This work of art being massively large in statue was very unusual, but for Michelangelo this combination of throbbing life with colossal grandeur became the special quality of Michelangelo\'s art. From then on his work consisted mainly of very large innovative projects. Because he preferred to work on a grand scale, however, he could not turn down commissions from great clients (235).\r\n\r\nAt all times in human history, the human body has been one of the principal subjects for artists. It has been represented on prehistoric paintings and statutes and in all eras since. The male nude was more common in antiquity, especially in ancient Greece, but today the tendency is for the female nude body to be more highly regarded and represented (Carnagie, P. Saari, and A. Saari 235).Wallace implies, since the first days of photography, the nude was a source of inspiration for those that adopted the new medium. Most of the early images have been closely guarded or surreptitiously circulated, on account of social norms of the time. At that time, prostitutes tended to model for these photographs (42). Today, the images of the human body are often, especially in advertising for the wide variety of products and services, those of the female body.\r\n\r\nThe Sistine Chapel ceilings are thought of as a thing of beauty. Many Christian believers that journey to the Vatican Chapel are inspired by its magnificent creativity and magnitude. The reception of today verses that of yester year varies little some individuals feel that nudity has no place in the church but others feel that this is where it all began with the Creation of Man. The Chapel is seen as the sacred vessel in which it is and proper attire is required to gain admission. Various websites urge tourists and visitors to arrive early to avoid the long lines that tend to occur due to many the marvel at the work of art. There are hundreds of tourists visiting the Chapel and other Vatican Museums at any given time, so one could easily see overcrowding while visiting.\r\n\r\nMy personal reaction to this work is that it is a masterpiece. In a world where nudity is seen as a form of taboo in Michelangelo’s era the human anatomy was beautiful. Every line of the human anatomy in his art told a story whether it was stress or joy it stood for something. According to Fiero:\r\n\r\nIn the Creation of Adam, God and Man equal in size and muscular grace confront each other like partners in the divine plan. Adam reaches longingly toward God, seeking the moment of fulfillment, when God will charge his languid body with celestial energy. If the image depicts Creation, it is also a metaphor for the Renaissance belief in the potential divinity of humankind—the visual analogue of Pico\'s Oration on the Dignity of Man (ch.17).\r\n\r\nI believe, nothing in this work is taken out of context or taken to the extreme the visual focus is on the entire work not the nudity. In The Bible nudity in the beginning was norm until the “Fall of Man”, it was then that we as humans began to desire the need for coverings or clothes.\r\n\r\nMichelangelo, who is known for his creativity like the paintings on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, has other works that are comparable or that supersede others. One that he is best known for is the sculpture of David. This tall towering marble sculpture also embodies the sheer inspiration the Michelangelo felt for the human body as does the fresco ceiling paintings. Michelangelo was a master sculptor and painter. Biography taken from a How stuff works.com article states that:\r\n\r\nMichelangelo was inspired by the works of antiquity and his own religious faith, Michelangelo created some of the most remarkable sculptures in history. His obsession with physical beauty and the nude male form influenced much of his work, and his sculptures, paintings, and buildings continue to inspire and awe art-lovers today (1).\r\n\r\nThe statue of David is typical of Michelangelo\'s work large and grand in statue. Like the Sistine Chapel ceilings the statue has been reproduced many times. Michelangelo’s David has become one of the most recognized works. The statue has become a symbol of both strength and youthful human beauty.\r\n\r\nThe Sistine Chapel ceiling artistry remains most significant for future generations, because it shows how the world was formed, how we came in to existence, and the downfall and final judgment of man. The preservation of the Sistine Chapel ceilings masterpiece will also give future generations hope and provide a guide to understand that God is all-knowing and omnipresent. Though you may not be able to see Him, God is there and the church will remain the structural center for all Christian believers.\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p align=\"center\">Works Cited</p>\r\n\"Michelangelo.\" Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 04 Sep. 2012.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">http://www.britannica.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/379957/Michelangelo</span>\r\n\r\n\"Michelangelo\"  21 August 2007.  HowStuffWorks.com. &lt;http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/arts/artwork/michelangelo.htm&gt;  22 September 2012.\r\n\r\n\"Michelangelo Buonarroti.\" Renaissance and Reformation Reference Library. Ed. Julie L. Carnagie, Peggy Saari, and Aaron Saari. Vol. 4: Vol. 2: Biographies. Detroit: UXL, 2002. 232-241. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 30 Aug. 2012.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://go.galegroup.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX3426300080&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=GVRL&amp;sw=w\">http://go.galegroup.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX3426300080&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=GVRL&amp;sw=w</a>\r\n\r\nWallace, William E.. Michelangelo : The Artist, the Man and his Times. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. Ebook Library. Web. 30 Aug. 2012.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.austincc.eblib.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=803215\">http://www.austincc.eblib.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=803215</a>','The Sistine Chapel Ceilings','','inherit','open','open','','2558-revision-5','','','2012-09-25 13:00:57','2012-09-25 19:00:57','',2558,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2666',0,'revision','',0),(2667,1,'2012-09-25 13:01:14','2012-09-25 19:01:14','&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<img src=\"http://www.silkroadgourmet.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/Ibn-Battuta-Sets-out.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"447\" height=\"298\" />\r\n\r\nIbn Battuta sets out\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http://www.silkroadgourmet.com\">http://www.silkroadgourmet.com</a></p>\r\nThe “Rihla”, a classic Arabic name of the word <em>the journey</em>, is one of the most important and famous literature works of travel of the 14<sup>th</sup> century. It’s an account of travels and vivid experiences of the famous Moroccan explorer Ibn Battouta (1304-1368)(Fiero).<!--more-->\r\n\r\nIbn Batouta’s book of travel is considered as an eye witness of the cultural, social, and political life in the 14<sup>th</sup> century. Indeed, it is a geographical and historical reference. Because of that, Ibn Battouta’s book of travel should be preserved for future generations.\r\n\r\nThe book is about a Muslim scholar who left his homeland at the age of 21 in the intention to perform the pilgrimage, and ended up returning home “29 years later” (Rumford). After finishing his pilgrimage to Mecca and Medina, instead of returning home, he decided to discover and visit the entire Islamic world at that time. Driven by his intellectual curiosity, he started his adventure. Thus, during 29 years, he visited about 44 countries of the Islamic world and beyond. His journey covered North Africa, West Africa, Asia, and some of Europe (Dunn). What is important about this, is that he recorded and documented all of his travels over 29 years.\r\n\r\nThe work was created on December 1355, when the Sultan of Morocco ordered the young writer, Ibn Juzayy, to record Ibn Battuta’s experiences. After finishing the work, the book was given the official title: <em>A gift to the Observers Concerning the Curiosities of the Cities and the Marvels Encountered in Travels </em>(Dunn).\r\n\r\n“Enormous opportunities for long-distance travel began to exist in the 13<sup>th</sup> century after the Mongols and other nomadic groups established large, stable empires in Eurasia that facilitated travel, trade and cultural exchange”.(journey to Mecca). The expanding world of Islam, after the Mongol converted to faith, created sort of cultural and political stability which helps Muslims to travel freely across Eurasia. (Dunn<em>)</em>. Caravans and sea lanes created transportation and communication network that stretched across the Eastern Hemisphere.\r\n\r\nThe 14<sup>th</sup> century was a century of remarkable events such as the beginning of the hundred year’s war, and the bubonic plague that ravaged almost the entire world killing millions of peoples. In the middle of these events, an important number of literature and artistic works were created by European and African personalities. During this era, literature works were more about “personal experiences in the everyday world”, and tales were the famous form of literature. (Fiero)\r\n\r\nSome of the important literature works at that time was the Boccaccio’s <em>Decameron</em> and <em>Immoral tales. </em>Chaucer, who was influenced by Boccaccio’s tales, left a remarkable group of stories called <em>The Canterbury tales</em> (Fiero). In the Muslim and Arabic world, <em>The Muquaddima, (</em>Introduction), of the historian and philosopher Ibn Khaldun was one of the important works of sociology and philosophy in the 14<sup>th</sup> century; and Ash-Sharif al-Idrisi, who wrote one of the greatest works of the medieval geography, <em>The Pleasure</em> <em>Excursion of One of Who Is Eager to Traverse the Regions of the World</em>. (Encyclopedia Britannica).\r\n\r\nThe <em>Rihla </em>was more than just a simple group tales; it was a piece of information and entertainment for the readers with detailed description of peoples, customs, monuments and cuisine of each place he visited.\r\n\r\nIn fact, Ibn Battouta’s book of travel was educational and informative in term of content. Indeed, it was a great source of inspiration knowing the story behind the creation of the work; Ibn Battouta left his hometown and family at a young age to perform the pilgrimage, but he ended up traveling about 75,000 miles (Encyclopedia Britannica), seeking education and learning about different Islamic cultures. For this reason, this work is considered innovative of its time; it should be preserved for future generation to teach them about intellectual curiosity.\r\n\r\nIf we compare Ibn battouta’s work with those of his contemporaries, such as Ibn Jubayr, and Ash-Sharif Al-Idrisi, we find that his <em>Rihla</em> contains observation of geographical details, as well as cultural, religious and political matters witch far exceed those provided by the other books. According to Dunn, “he ranged over almost every aspect of fourteenth-century life from cuisine, botany, and marriage practices to dynastic history and the price of chickens”.\r\n\r\nAt that time, Ibn Battouta’s experience was unique in the Islamic world by the fact that he traveled further and for a longer period than any other contemporary. For this reason, his experience, and tales attracted the attention of everybody including the Sultan of Morocco, who ordered Ibn Battuta to prepare a narrative of the experiences he encountered during his journey. Moreover, Ibn Battouta was a subject of a biographical notice of the Andalusian scholar Abu l’Barakat al-Balafiqi.\r\n\r\nThe translation and publishing of the work in many languages contributed to the circulation of the work. Today, the book is used as a source of information and entertainment. At the same time, Ibn Battouta’s book of travel became a subject of research and inspiration to many experts in the field of geography or literature. For example, Rumfod used Ibn Battouta’s own extensive records as the inspiration of the text in his book <em>The Traveling Man </em>(Smith). Again, the Professor of History Dunn wrote a book about Ibn Battuta’s adventure (<em>The adventures of Ibn Battuta</em>), and described <em>the Rihla</em> as “a comprehensive survey…..and the record of a dramatic adventure” (Dunn).\r\n\r\nPersonally, I find that Ibn Battouta’s book of travel very interesting as it provides an eye-witness account of the various cultures of that era, the political events, and the social and economic live at that time. In addition, what is particularly meaningful about The <em>Rihla</em> is how Ibn Battouta set out by himself and traveled about 75,000 miles facing the dangers and the unknown. In fact, at that time, most people on the Eurasian land lived and died very close to where they were born without even venturing very far from home given the danger of traveling in the 14<sup>th</sup> century. In other words, Ibn Battouta and his book is an example of courage, and willpower.\r\n\r\nAnother important thing about the book of Ibn Battouta is that without his recordings, there would have been many undiscovered civilizations; historians would have never known about these smaller civilizations. The Columbia Electronica Encyclopedia mentioned that: Ibn Battouta “still considered a most reliable source for the geography of his period and an authority on the cultural and social history of Islam”.\r\n\r\n<em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">the rihla</span></em>, wasn’t the first book of travel written at that time. Ibn Battouta was always compared by his contemporary Italian explorer Marco Polo. Marco Polo’s book of travel was titled: <em>Il milione.</em> Both Ibn Battouta and Marco Polo wrote about their travels in what became the medieval bestsellers. Both works evoked several similarities and differences.\r\n\r\nIn term of similarities, both explorers left an account of what they had seen during their travels witch started at an early age, and covered too many countries from Asia, Africa, and Europe. Also, both works represented a geographical description. However, both books were criticized. In fact, both the reliability of their accounts, and the authenticity of the information they provide have been challenged time and again. For example, some historians suggest that Marco Polo never went to China, basing their argument on the fact that Marco failed to describe the Great Wall of China, Chopsticks, and tea. Similarly, critics about <em>Rihla </em>concluded that many dates and exact details were altered by Battuta and Juzay (Dunn).\r\n\r\nThese two works are alike in that they were not written down by their creators. Ibn Battouta’s book was recorded by the young scholar Ibn Juzayyupon the request of the Moroccan ruler. Meanwhile, <em>Il Milione</em> was composed by Rustichello de Pisa, a well-known author, who was accompanying Polo in the prison. (Encyclopedia Britannica)\r\n\r\nDespite of all these similarities, Ibn Battuta’s book of travel stands out from its contemporary Marco Polo’s book by the fact that Ibn Battouta traveled about 75,000 miles, much further than did Marco Polo. For instance <em>the Rihla</em> had more information and covered more places than in <em>Il Milione.</em>\r\n\r\nIndeed, when Ibn Battouta started his travel career, he was driven by his religious zeal, and intellectual curiosity that leaded him to occupy many important positions in different countries; he was appointed a judge and an ambassador. He also started his adventure by himself leaving behind his family and friends. Ibn Battuta was a brave man, who risked his life to discover different cultures and bring knowledge of it to the public.\r\n\r\nIn contrast, Marco Polo left his home to accompany his father and uncle in search for trade and wealth (Encyclopedia Britannica).\r\n\r\nProf. Dunn described Polo’s book as “a treatise of empirical geography revealing almost nothing about his personality”; his book was divided in two parts, the first part is autobiography, and the second part which composed the large volume was dedicated to the description of China and some other Asian countries (Dunn).\r\n\r\nIn Contrast, Ibn Battouta told so much about him throughout the book, and included the book some verses of poetry which gave it a special taste, and made it distinguishable from its peers. The Prof. Dunn described this aspect in Ibn Battouta’s work and wrote: “the autobiography, the personal adventure, remains in the heart of the book, revealing the traveler’s gregarious, high-spirited…..ingratiating personality through the account of the life he lived”. Thus<em>, The Rihla</em> was filled with numerous tales and adventures witch far exceed the observations of Marco Polo in liveliness, acuity and insight.\r\n\r\nIbn Battuta wasn’t a scientist or geographer; he was a simple man seeking knowledge and adventure, his intellectual curiosity made from him one of the greatest travelers and explorers in the humanity, and made form his work a geographical and cultural reference for historians, geographers, and knowledge seekers. For instance, future generations need to be aware of the significance of this work, and learn from its values. In fact, the preservation of the work is the key for the achievement of this goal.\r\n\r\nBiographies and narratives there are in quantities, but the historians for all their picturesque details, rarely show the ability to select the essential and to give their figures that touch of the intimate which makes them live again for the reader. It is in this faculty that Ibn Battuta excels. Among all the literature works of travel, Ibn Battuta’s narrative is valued for the literary merits of its vivid description and comprehensive analysis of medieval Islamic life as well as for its utility to archeologists and other scholars for whom the work serves as a unique guide to the relics of the society in which Ibn Battuta lived.\r\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Works cited</span></p>\r\nFiero. <em>The Humanistic Tradition. </em>6<sup>th</sup> Edition. Vol.2\r\n\r\nIt’s a textbook about the humanities from the renaissance to the present that I used to discuss the historical context of the work’s time.\r\n\r\n<em>Ibn Battuta</em>. Columbia Electronica Encyclopedia, 6<sup>th</sup> Edition (2011): 1.web. 7 Sept. 2012.\r\n\r\nHttp://ehis.ebscohost.com.Isproxy.austincc.edu/ehost/detail?vid=3&amp;hid=102&amp;sid\r\n\r\nThis is an electronic encyclopedia that provides information about all subjects. I used it to find information about Ibn Battuta’s biography.\r\n\r\n<em>Ibn Battuta. </em>Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica Online Academic Edition.\r\n\r\nEncyclopedia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 7 Sep.2012.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.britannica.com.isproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/280726/Ibn-Battuta\">Http://www.britannica.com.Isproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/280726/Ibn-Battuta</a>\r\n\r\nIt’s an electronic encyclopedia from the ACC library containing several articles about different subjects. It helped me finding information about Ibn Battuta’s life and travels.\r\n\r\nIyer, Pico. <em>A voyager for the Ages</em>. (Cover story). Time international (Atlantic Edition)\r\n\r\n178.5 (2011): 68-88.\r\n\r\nThis is an article from the Acc library where the author describes the importance of Ibn Battuta’s experience. I used it to find arguments about why Ibn Bttuta’s book is innovative and unusual.\r\n\r\nSmith, Robin. <em>The Marvels of the Road.</em> Book Links 12.1(2012): 41.\r\n\r\nThis is a journal article from The ACC library about the description of Rumford Book which was influenced by Ibn Battuta’s book.\r\n\r\nRoss E., Dunn. <em>The adventures of Ibn Battuta, a Muslim Traveler of the 14<sup>th</sup> Century</em>.\r\n\r\nUniversity of California Press. Berkely, Los Angeles, London. 1989. Print.\r\n\r\nIn this book the author explains how the Muslim world worked in the early 14<sup>th</sup> century using Ibn Bttuta’s Rihla as a reference. I used this book to compare between Ibn Battuta and Marco polo and their works. I also used it to explain how the work is received today.','Ibn Battuta\'s book of Travels','','inherit','open','open','','2427-revision-11','','','2012-09-25 13:01:14','2012-09-25 19:01:14','',2427,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2667',0,'revision','',0),(2668,1,'2012-09-25 13:02:27','2012-09-25 19:02:27','<p align=\"center\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Titan</span></strong></p>\r\n<p align=\"center\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Venus of Urbino</span></strong></p>\r\n<p align=\"center\"><strong> </strong></p>\r\nIn Titan’s painting of the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Venus of Urbino</span> reveals a women posing nude. Created in March of (1536-38), it was said to be the \"<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">First Female reclining nude</span>,” “<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">painting ever created in Europe</span>.” It was not intended to be picture for sexual desires but more along the lines of a woman sleeping that was unaware of the presence of a visitor peeking in on her. However, in the background kneels a small child and wealthy looking women next to her turned in the opposite direction looking away from <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Venus</span> near the window seal as if none of what is happening behind them is taking place. Titan\'s painting shows the natural beauty of the woman form relaxed on a chase with a “<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">hand full of roses that may have been a symbolism of love and the other gently placed over her pubic region.”</span> However, by many it was extolled for the artist\'s and philosophers of its era. Titan\'s painting was “<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">never held or viewed as a negative form of art</span>.” <em></em>\r\n\r\n<!--more-->A few major events the shaped life in this era was that when the painting was created it “<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">influenced a lot of the ancient Greek sculptures that are seen all over Europe mainly in Venice.</span>” In Ancient Greek times the painting was seen as a natural form of the female body being partially undressed and in most cases nude.\r\n\r\nThis painting is typical for its era it started what is now seen today of the ancient Greek statues. “<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Venus was a mythical creature</span>” in each painting the “<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">women were never real but were just a figment of the artist’s imagination</span>” and many artist in this time painted many nude women. No one painting was the same the content was always different many of the paintings would show a women reclining nude or in another standing. The imagination of Titan was very vivid in how he portrayed his work.\r\n\r\nThe work was different in its time a lot of paintings made were those of gods. With Titans painting it was unusual to most forms of art, his images of nude women may have been sought out to be “<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">something more of a personal or something that had great meaning to him.</span>” Being one of the first mythological nude paintings it was different to the art that occurred in its time. \"<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">As with no other painter, painting practice and technique in Titian\'s late work have themselves been thermalized and charged with meaning</span>.\"\r\n\r\nThe art was inspirational to many and spread throughout the world. It was said that many artist were drawn to this portrait such as, \"<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Mark Twain, who thought it too lascivious, and Manet, who thought it insufficiently so, painting an even more shocking version</span>\". Venus\'s form as she lies upon the couch is viewed by many walks of life and “<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">The one true viewer gazing upon her is the sole recipient of her beauty; her lust.</span>”\r\n\r\nI personally like Titan’s work in this painting it to me expresses a different form of art. Being able to picture exactly what was to be sought out of the portrait makes it very interesting to the sense that one can almost think, “<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">What is the meaning he was trying to achieve.”</span> I caught myself wondering exactly what any other person what wonder, why this type of painting? What made him paint something so visual? Was he trying to prove to the world after painting this mythical creature? Maybe it was for beauty or something that would be enticing to him. However, only Titan would be able to answer such question. He was a master of his work; he was one of the main inspirations for Greek art and sculptures throughout Greece. He also influenced many other artists that formed other paintings throughout Venice, Italy and many of them created other forms of the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Venus of Urbino</span> painting for example <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Diego Velazquez’s “Venus in a Mirror”</span>. His painting is very vibrant and colorful; to most it may mean nothing but a nude woman on an oil painting however, it is a very meaningful piece of art. To its viewers it can be seen as Venus is looking into the distance at her lover or even a stranger peaking in or maybe even Titan himself but no one really knows.\r\n<h2>The <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Venus of Urbino</span> painting can most likely be compared to another painting that was created by Titan many years later. Titan painted the “<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">the art dealer Jacopo Strada, c. 1566</span>”which portrays a man hold a de-clothed women in hand as if she was a trophy he had won with a pile of money lying at his knees. Mostly all of Titan’s paintings are of nude women from the paintings of “<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Nymph and the Shepherd</span>,” to the \"<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Late Titian and the Sensuality Painting of</span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"> Allegory of Prudence</span>” which was a painting created for more suitable audiences. Titan was once asked, “<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">why his later works differed so greatly from earlier ones, Titian answered that </span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">he gave up trying to match</span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Michelangelo, Raphael</span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"> </span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">and others in refinement; beauty, aiming to make his mark with a new roughness of handling</span>.”</h2>\r\n<h2>The young Venus of Urbino oil painting was ahead of its time in many ways being as it was in the time of the higher point of the renaissance. Titan’s painting was one of the most magnificent creations he’s ever created in his time alongside of many other portraits he has created in his life time.</h2>\r\nI believe that this type painting would be very vital in the time capsule; it is a piece of history that has been carried on for hundreds of years. In many years to come millions could gaze on this piece of art and learn more about the past; how things would have been maybe even how this form of paint was a natural thing. I believe in keeping things that have significant meaning to the world will make a big impact on those now and in the future. Just like the Pyramids, Stone Hedge, and all other forms of art made by many different civilizations around the world are viewed now and remember since they were first found. The Venus of Urbino painting would be one of the forms of art that should be kept around for those whom maybe interested in art work from the past time. This painting should be added to the time capsule so that it can be influence on the next generation to come.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p align=\"center\"><strong><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Works Cited Page:</span></em></strong></p>\r\n \"Titian\'s \"Venus of Urbino\"\" Suite101.com. Suzanne Hill, 1 Aug. 2006. Web. 17 Sept. 2012. &lt;http://suite101.com/article/titian_s__venus_of_urbino_-a4047&gt;.\r\n\r\n\"Titian: Venus of Urbino.\" Titans: Venus of Urbino. Art &amp; Critique, 2011. Web. 17 Sept. 2012. &lt;http://artandcritique.com/titian-venus-of-urbino/&gt;.\r\n\r\nArtofthefirebird.com. Julia E. Benson, 26 Feb. 2001. Web. 17 Sept. 2012.\r\n\r\n\"JWJeffery.com.\" <em>Â» Venus of Urbino: Inspiration and Influence.</em> Joshua Jeffery, Mar.-Apr. 2009. Web. 24 Sept. 2012. &lt;http://www.jwjeffery.com/?p=64&gt;.\r\n\r\n\"Famous Paintings Reviewed.\" <em>Famous Paintings: Titian Paintings</em>. Susan Benford, n.d. Web. 24 Sept. 2012. &lt;http://www.themasterpiececards.com/famous-paintings-reviewed/bid/17756/Famous-Paintings-Titian-Paintings&gt;.\r\n\r\nhttp://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/960/flashcards/1126960/jpg/venus_of_urbino1327686665046.jpg','Titan\'s Venus of Urbino','','inherit','open','open','','2597-revision-5','','','2012-09-25 13:02:27','2012-09-25 19:02:27','',2597,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2668',0,'revision','',0),(2671,1,'2012-09-24 13:47:48','2012-09-24 19:47:48','<p style=\"text-align: center;\">    <img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http://people.ucalgary.ca/~elsegal/C_Transp/95-Theses.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"338\" height=\"450\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">http://people.ucalgary.ca/~elsegal/C_Transp/95-Theses.jpg</p>\r\n     Martin Luther is considered the father of the Protestant Reformation. He was a Monk and professor who after studying the scripture began to question the Catholic Church. On October 31, 1517 (Economist) Luther changed the world by posting his 95 grievances, fondly known as his “95 Theses”, on the University door. He concentrated on the sale of indulgences and the path to God, saying the church had no right to exclusively do it. He argued that people can interpret the Bible themselves. He also argued that countries should be able to interpret religion their way, rather than everyone following the Pope in Italy (Fiero). After the Theses was posted, plus the new invention of the printing press, people all over Europe were able to read this and spark the Reformation. Luther was charged with heresy and had to go to court, called the Diet of Worms, in 1921. The “95 Theses” should be preserved because this document not only shows that one man can change the world, but it is a vital document in religious history.\r\n\r\n<!--more-->\r\nLeading up to Luther’s posting, there had been some arguments against the Church of Rome. In the Netherlands a new religious thought was being put into action called modern devotion (Fiero). Modern devotion spread throughout Northern Europe and sparked some questions on if the Church of Rome was the only path to God. At this time the Church of Rome was corrupt, and was selling indulgences saying it would get your family out of purgatory. Profits from the indulgences were going renovate churches and homes for the clergy. Many people, including Luther, were not happy with it anymore.\r\nBecause of the arguments against the Catholic Church, Luther was not the only reform minded person in Europe. Derek Wilson wrote a story for History Today called “The Luther Legacy” that talked about various effects over the years of the “95 Theses”. Wilson said, “He wanted to restore the church to its New Testament purity. In that desire he was at one with a large swathe of public opinion… (Wilson).” The Catholic Church had gotten so out of control that Kings wanted to take control back over their countries. Luther wanted to give this religious control to the Kings, rather than the Catholic Church controlling it. In fact, Wilson pointed out that, “…the German estates also presented a catalog of 102 ‘oppressive burdens and abuses imposed upon…the German Empire by the Holy See of Rome’ (Wilson).” They presented this Catalog at Luther’s heresy trial.\r\nLike I have already mentioned, Luther was not the first Reformer, he was just the first one to get the backing needed to make it successful. Because of that, the “95 Theses” was very innovative for its time. “…he gave people permission to doubt everything the Catholic hierarchy taught, to judge it for themselves against the testimony of the bible (Wilson).” Before Luther, and even for a little while after, people who questioned the Catholic Church were persecuted by both the Church and their Country. Luther also gave instructions on how to use the testimony of the bible, “…he was saying that any man or woman possessed of the open Bible could be their own theologian (Wilson).” This idea was very terrifying to authority because as Wilson continues to point out, this idea challenged divine sanction in general (both Church and State) and left minds open for other forms of politics, like democracy. Michael Mullett describes this new position as, “…the doctrine of justification by faith alone (Mullett).”\r\nAs already discussed, Luther’s work scared authority figures; but regular citizens and scholars were inspired by his ideas. “Within a few years hundreds of untrained lay people were writing devotional and polemical books and pamphlets (Wilson).” He was actually responsible for a third of vernacular literature between the years 1520 and 1546, Wilson goes on to state. Luther is given the honor of starting the Protestant Reformation which may not have been his original purpose, but soon things started to spiral out of control. Another response of people at the time was violent riots. Wilson explains the situation, “…a widespread popular rising against secular princes by ordinary people some of whom drew socially radical conclusions from Luther’s teaching (Wilson).” These riots Luther quickly stood up against and said he didn’t support them. The most major response though, was the response of the Church of Rome. In 1521 Luther was brought before the Diet of Worms for heresy, the ruling was to excommunicate him from Germany.\r\nToday, Luther is still coined as the man who began Protestantism. In the last hundred years though, there has been some interesting things associated with Luther. On one side he is still praised, Wilson said “Even our supposedly post-Christian age cannot write him out of the record (Wilson).” This was Wilson recognizing how important of a person Luther was to shaping the world we live in today. He is also still used today when Catholic issues arise again. For example, in 1999 the Catholic Church reemphasized the sale of indulgences. On the topic, Vitor Westhelle said, “At least these are recent signals…which invites us to take a new look at Luther’s quest for a merciful God (Westhelle).” The most interesting thought though, is people saying Luther is evil and influenced Hitler. In a Time magazine article from 1944, William Inge wrote a periodical that actually says Luther is worse than Hitler. He said, “If we wish to find a scapegoat on whose shoulders we may lay the miseries which Germany has brought upon the world…I am more and more conceived that the worst evil genius of that country is not Hitler…but Martin Luther (Time).” He goes on to wish that one day Luther’s influence won’t be in Germany anymore. In 2003, they made a movie called Luther about the posting of the Theses. According to the movies IMDB page, the movie begins when he becomes a monk and goes through his struggles with the church and through the actual trial after. I believe, and the movie shows, that people today are still impressed and interested in Luther’s work.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http://youtu.be/SzFc7ilM7nw\">Trailer for \"Luther\" (2003)</a></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">     Personally I have a few different reactions to the work. Religiously I admire Luther for his strength to stand up against the Catholic Church. I grew up in a Baptist home, which is Protestant, so I have him to thank for that (Although I am sure someone else would’ve broken the ties if it were not Luther.). He knew what he believed and he stood up for it. Politically, I admire his guts. I feel like today people are afraid to speak out like he did; and then after speaking out still stand on their word even when they are being charged or persecuted for it.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">A few years following the posting many reformers stepped up to follow in Luther’s footsteps. One of which was John Calvin, whose followers were called Calvinists. John Calvin wrote lots of books describing his views, one of which was called “The Institutes of the Christian Religion”. He finished the work in 1536; it started as a paper and ended up a 4 book series (Creator, Redeemer, Spirit, and the Church). He dedicated the book to the French King Francis 1, who was persecuting Protestants. “The French Protestants…may have been inclined to regard government as an enemy exclusively, not understanding in it its divinely ordained role (McKee).” According to McKee, Calvin was discussing the Apostles Creed, the Ten Commandments, and the Lord’s Prayer.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">This work as a whole is just remarkably significant. As far as religious texts go, I would personally say this comes right after the Bible in importance. Future generations deserve to see what is possible if you stand up for yourself. Other times in history this has worked; Civil Rights, Women’s rights, the end of slavery, civil wars around the world. If you stand up for what you believe in, there are no limits to where it can take you; and that is what I believe future generations can learn from this work.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Martin Luther is one of the most well-known names in the history of the world. He single-handedly sparked the Protestant Reformation, he changed the Catholic Church, and he changed the way the whole world thought and taught religion. His “95 Theses” sparked huge controversy, but it brought awareness of the ridiculous-ness the Church of Rome was trying to pass as religion. Since then thousands of churches consider themselves Protestant, the Catholic Church has changed and is not as corrupt, and many people can attribute their right to speak their opinions to Martin Luther. His work is unmatched in religious and philosophical importance, and that is why it deserves to be preserved for future generations.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Works Cited</p>\r\nBigalke Jr., Ron J. \"Institutes Of The Christian Religion: 1541 French Edition.\" Journal Of Dispensational Theology 13.40 (2009): 74-75. Academic Search Complete. Web. 14 Sept. 2012.\r\nThis is an article discussing John Calvin’s work “Institutes of The Christian Religion”, John Calvin was another reformer who had a prominent following during the Protestant Reformation.\r\n\r\nFiero, Gloria K. The Humanistic Tradition. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.\r\nI used the textbook to pinpoint the Norwegian conflict with the Church of Rome and also for some basic background information.\r\n\r\n\"How Luther Went Viral.\" Economist. 17 Dec 2011: n. page. Web. 14 Sep. 2012. &lt;http://www.economist.com/node/21541719&gt;.\r\nI used this story from The Economist to get background information mostly in the introduction.\r\n\r\n\"Luther (2003).\" IMDB. IMDB.com, Inc., n.d. Web. 24 Sep 2012. &lt;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0309820/&gt;.\r\n\r\n\"Luther Is To Blame.\" Time 44.19 (1944): 63. Academic Search Complete. Web. 14 Sept. 2012.\r\nI used this short article from during World War 2 to explain a point of view someone in the last 100 years has had regarding Luther and his work.\r\n\r\nMullett, Michael. \"Martin Luther\'s Ninety-Five Theses: Michael Mullett Defines The Role Of The 95 Theses In The Lutheran Reformation.(Key Texts)(Cover Story)(Biography).\" History Review 46 (n.d.): 46. Gale: History Resource Center--U.S. (HITS). Web. 14 Sept. 2012.\r\nI used Mullett’s discussion to describe how the work was innovative for the time.\r\n\r\nWesthelle, Vítor. \"Uses And Abuses Of The Cross: The Reformation, Then And Now.\" Trinity Seminary Review 28.2 (2007): 83-93. Academic Search Complete. Web. 14 Sept. 2012.\r\nI used Westhelle’s look at the past and present responses in my discussion of how people today feel about the work.\r\n\r\nWilson, Derek. \"The Luther Legacy: Derek Wilson Looks At The Great Religious Reformer And Asks Why His Life And Work Have Seemed So Significant To So Many Diverse People For Almost 500 Years.\" History Today 57.5 (n.d.): 34. Gale: History Resource Center--U.S. (HITS). Web. 14 Sept. 2012.\r\nWilson was my main source. I used his look at the legacy of Luther to discuss how the work was both typical and innovative at the time, how it was received, and how people today feel about the work.','Martin Luther\'s \"95 Theses\"','','inherit','open','open','','2405-revision-27','','','2012-09-24 13:47:48','2012-09-24 19:47:48','',2405,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2671',0,'revision','',0),(2672,1,'2012-09-30 12:46:43','2012-09-30 18:46:43','<p style=\"text-align: center;\">    <img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http://people.ucalgary.ca/~elsegal/C_Transp/95-Theses.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"399\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">http://people.ucalgary.ca/~elsegal/C_Transp/95-Theses.jpg</p>\r\n     Martin Luther is considered the father of the Protestant Reformation. He was a Monk and professor who after studying the scripture began to question the Catholic Church. On October 31, 1517 (Economist) Luther changed the world by posting his 95 grievances, fondly known as his “95 Theses”, on the University door. He concentrated on the sale of indulgences and the path to God, saying the church had no right to exclusively do it. He argued that people can interpret the Bible themselves. He also argued that countries should be able to interpret religion their way, rather than everyone following the Pope in Italy (Fiero). After the Theses was posted, plus the new invention of the printing press, people all over Europe were able to read this and spark the Reformation. Luther was charged with heresy and had to go to court, called the Diet of Worms, in 1921. The “95 Theses” should be preserved because this document not only shows that one man can change the world, but it is a vital document in religious history.\r\n\r\n<!--more-->\r\nLeading up to Luther’s posting, there had been some arguments against the Church of Rome. In the Netherlands a new religious thought was being put into action called modern devotion (Fiero). Modern devotion spread throughout Northern Europe and sparked some questions on if the Church of Rome was the only path to God. At this time the Church of Rome was corrupt, and was selling indulgences saying it would get your family out of purgatory. Profits from the indulgences were going renovate churches and homes for the clergy. Many people, including Luther, were not happy with it anymore.\r\nBecause of the arguments against the Catholic Church, Luther was not the only reform minded person in Europe. Derek Wilson wrote a story for History Today called “The Luther Legacy” that talked about various effects over the years of the “95 Theses”. Wilson said, “He wanted to restore the church to its New Testament purity. In that desire he was at one with a large swathe of public opinion… (Wilson).” The Catholic Church had gotten so out of control that Kings wanted to take control back over their countries. Luther wanted to give this religious control to the Kings, rather than the Catholic Church controlling it. In fact, Wilson pointed out that, “…the German estates also presented a catalog of 102 ‘oppressive burdens and abuses imposed upon…the German Empire by the Holy See of Rome’ (Wilson).” They presented this Catalog at Luther’s heresy trial.\r\nLike I have already mentioned, Luther was not the first Reformer, he was just the first one to get the backing needed to make it successful. Because of that, the “95 Theses” was very innovative for its time. “…he gave people permission to doubt everything the Catholic hierarchy taught, to judge it for themselves against the testimony of the bible (Wilson).” Before Luther, and even for a little while after, people who questioned the Catholic Church were persecuted by both the Church and their Country. Luther also gave instructions on how to use the testimony of the bible, “…he was saying that any man or woman possessed of the open Bible could be their own theologian (Wilson).” This idea was very terrifying to authority because as Wilson continues to point out, this idea challenged divine sanction in general (both Church and State) and left minds open for other forms of politics, like democracy. Michael Mullett describes this new position as, “…the doctrine of justification by faith alone (Mullett).”\r\nAs already discussed, Luther’s work scared authority figures; but regular citizens and scholars were inspired by his ideas. “Within a few years hundreds of untrained lay people were writing devotional and polemical books and pamphlets (Wilson).” He was actually responsible for a third of vernacular literature between the years 1520 and 1546, Wilson goes on to state. Luther is given the honor of starting the Protestant Reformation which may not have been his original purpose, but soon things started to spiral out of control. Another response of people at the time was violent riots. Wilson explains the situation, “…a widespread popular rising against secular princes by ordinary people some of whom drew socially radical conclusions from Luther’s teaching (Wilson).” These riots Luther quickly stood up against and said he didn’t support them. The most major response though, was the response of the Church of Rome. In 1521 Luther was brought before the Diet of Worms for heresy, the ruling was to excommunicate him from Germany.\r\nToday, Luther is still coined as the man who began Protestantism. In the last hundred years though, there has been some interesting things associated with Luther. On one side he is still praised, Wilson said “Even our supposedly post-Christian age cannot write him out of the record (Wilson).” This was Wilson recognizing how important of a person Luther was to shaping the world we live in today. He is also still used today when Catholic issues arise again. For example, in 1999 the Catholic Church reemphasized the sale of indulgences. On the topic, Vitor Westhelle said, “At least these are recent signals…which invites us to take a new look at Luther’s quest for a merciful God (Westhelle).” The most interesting thought though, is people saying Luther is evil and influenced Hitler. In a Time magazine article from 1944, William Inge wrote a periodical that actually says Luther is worse than Hitler. He said, “If we wish to find a scapegoat on whose shoulders we may lay the miseries which Germany has brought upon the world…I am more and more conceived that the worst evil genius of that country is not Hitler…but Martin Luther (Time).” He goes on to wish that one day Luther’s influence won’t be in Germany anymore. In 2003, they made a movie called Luther about the posting of the Theses. According to the movies IMDB page, the movie begins when he becomes a monk and goes through his struggles with the church and through the actual trial after. I believe, and the movie shows, that people today are still impressed and interested in Luther’s work.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http://youtu.be/SzFc7ilM7nw\">Trailer for \"Luther\" (2003)</a></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">     Personally I have a few different reactions to the work. Religiously I admire Luther for his strength to stand up against the Catholic Church. I grew up in a Baptist home, which is Protestant, so I have him to thank for that (Although I am sure someone else would’ve broken the ties if it were not Luther.). He knew what he believed and he stood up for it. Politically, I admire his guts. I feel like today people are afraid to speak out like he did; and then after speaking out still stand on their word even when they are being charged or persecuted for it.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">A few years following the posting many reformers stepped up to follow in Luther’s footsteps. One of which was John Calvin, whose followers were called Calvinists. John Calvin wrote lots of books describing his views, one of which was called “The Institutes of the Christian Religion”. He finished the work in 1536; it started as a paper and ended up a 4 book series (Creator, Redeemer, Spirit, and the Church). He dedicated the book to the French King Francis 1, who was persecuting Protestants. “The French Protestants…may have been inclined to regard government as an enemy exclusively, not understanding in it its divinely ordained role (McKee).” According to McKee, Calvin was discussing the Apostles Creed, the Ten Commandments, and the Lord’s Prayer.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">This work as a whole is just remarkably significant. As far as religious texts go, I would personally say this comes right after the Bible in importance. Future generations deserve to see what is possible if you stand up for yourself. Other times in history this has worked; Civil Rights, Women’s rights, the end of slavery, civil wars around the world. If you stand up for what you believe in, there are no limits to where it can take you; and that is what I believe future generations can learn from this work.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Martin Luther is one of the most well-known names in the history of the world. He single-handedly sparked the Protestant Reformation, he changed the Catholic Church, and he changed the way the whole world thought and taught religion. His “95 Theses” sparked huge controversy, but it brought awareness of the ridiculous-ness the Church of Rome was trying to pass as religion. Since then thousands of churches consider themselves Protestant, the Catholic Church has changed and is not as corrupt, and many people can attribute their right to speak their opinions to Martin Luther. His work is unmatched in religious and philosophical importance, and that is why it deserves to be preserved for future generations.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Works Cited</p>\r\nBigalke Jr., Ron J. \"Institutes Of The Christian Religion: 1541 French Edition.\" Journal Of Dispensational Theology 13.40 (2009): 74-75. Academic Search Complete. Web. 14 Sept. 2012.\r\nThis is an article discussing John Calvin’s work “Institutes of The Christian Religion”, John Calvin was another reformer who had a prominent following during the Protestant Reformation.\r\n\r\nFiero, Gloria K. The Humanistic Tradition. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.\r\nI used the textbook to pinpoint the Norwegian conflict with the Church of Rome and also for some basic background information.\r\n\r\n\"How Luther Went Viral.\" Economist. 17 Dec 2011: n. page. Web. 14 Sep. 2012. &lt;http://www.economist.com/node/21541719&gt;.\r\nI used this story from The Economist to get background information mostly in the introduction.\r\n\r\n\"Luther (2003).\" IMDB. IMDB.com, Inc., n.d. Web. 24 Sep 2012. &lt;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0309820/&gt;.\r\n\r\n\"Luther Is To Blame.\" Time 44.19 (1944): 63. Academic Search Complete. Web. 14 Sept. 2012.\r\nI used this short article from during World War 2 to explain a point of view someone in the last 100 years has had regarding Luther and his work.\r\n\r\nMullett, Michael. \"Martin Luther\'s Ninety-Five Theses: Michael Mullett Defines The Role Of The 95 Theses In The Lutheran Reformation.(Key Texts)(Cover Story)(Biography).\" History Review 46 (n.d.): 46. Gale: History Resource Center--U.S. (HITS). Web. 14 Sept. 2012.\r\nI used Mullett’s discussion to describe how the work was innovative for the time.\r\n\r\nWesthelle, Vítor. \"Uses And Abuses Of The Cross: The Reformation, Then And Now.\" Trinity Seminary Review 28.2 (2007): 83-93. Academic Search Complete. Web. 14 Sept. 2012.\r\nI used Westhelle’s look at the past and present responses in my discussion of how people today feel about the work.\r\n\r\nWilson, Derek. \"The Luther Legacy: Derek Wilson Looks At The Great Religious Reformer And Asks Why His Life And Work Have Seemed So Significant To So Many Diverse People For Almost 500 Years.\" History Today 57.5 (n.d.): 34. Gale: History Resource Center--U.S. (HITS). Web. 14 Sept. 2012.\r\nWilson was my main source. I used his look at the legacy of Luther to discuss how the work was both typical and innovative at the time, how it was received, and how people today feel about the work.','Martin Luther\'s \"95 Theses\"','','inherit','open','open','','2405-revision-28','','','2012-09-30 12:46:43','2012-09-30 18:46:43','',2405,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2672',0,'revision','',0),(2673,56,'2012-09-25 13:01:57','2012-09-25 19:01:57','Veronica Franco (1546-1591) was “the most famous courtesan of Venice... [She] became a writer by allying herself with distinguished men at the center of her city’s culture.”  (Franco, Jones and Rosenthal)  She published Familiar Letters in 1580 and it should be preserved in the Time Capsule Project because of the way she attempted and changed the way courtesans and vulnerable women in that time period were viewed by the upper class.\r\n<!--more-->\r\nThe title of the book was also the style in which it was written; a collection of 50 familiar letters, which means they were “written to a friend, but intended for eventual publication.”  There were a wide variety of topics in the letters; including invitations, thank you letters, advice, congratulations and accompanying sonnets or other papers.\r\n\r\nEpistolary works, “the production of letters as literary artifacts” was a popular format for authors in Venice in the mid 1500s, but by 1580 when she chose to publish Familiar Letters, it was rapidly falling into disfavor.   Franco’s first work, Terze rime, published in 1575 was in the capitolo style of poetry, so she was capable and knowledgeable enough to produce a work in a more fashionable style if she chose to.  She chose this format deliberately:  the familiar letter was more intimate than poetry and Franco wanted to establish and maintain an intimacy with her audience.  (Bassanese 777)\r\n\r\nVeronica Franco was the “epitome of the successful and gifted cortigiana onesta (honest courtesan of the Italian Renaissance... a “cultured prostitute...”  She behaved, appeared, dressed, entertained and charmed like a lady of high society, but she also “grant[ed] full erotic satisfaction” to her patrons.  (Bassanese 777)  It was a delicate balance and Franco balanced upon it well.  To anyone that did not socialize with courtesans, it was easy to imagine and criticize them for leading a debauched lives and she was trying to change that view with this volume of letters.  (Franco, Jones and Rosenthal)\r\n\r\nAnn Jones and Margaret Rosenthal postulate several plausible theories for the format Franco chose to use in this work.  It invited others into her private salon and establish a personal dialog with whoever read her words.  People who did not have the opportunity to mingle with her lofty circle (and never doubt that she moved in the upper echelons of society - one of her clients was King Henry III) could now see how she lived her life.  They found out what she thought, how she spent her days, learned what she knew and “listened” to what she advised.  “At the same time, because it [the epistolary format] requires a grasp of the proper rhetorical forms advocated by classical authors... the letter demonstrates the learning and the savoir-faire of its writer.”  (Franco, Jones and Rosenthal 9)\r\n\r\nI believe that Franco’s letters were largely a public relations exercise.  That is not to say that they were fabrications by any stretch of the imagination.  In my research, I have found no indication that anyone believes that she misrepresented herself.  Familiar Letters is her opportunity to shine and yet paint herself as a conventional and virtuous woman of her class.\r\nBy many people of her time, however, Franco was considered no more than a prostitute, albeit a high paid one, and was viewed with contempt.  In Letter 22, she berated the mother of a young woman for planning to start the girl on the path of a courtesan.  Franco had advised the mother, and in fact had paved the way for her, to send the daughter to the Casa delle Zitelle, a sanctuary for young girls to protect them from the fate of prostitution and keep them eligible for good marriages.  The letter was blunt, but the intent behind the words was compassionate; she was trying to keep another woman from facing the ignominy and uncertainty that Franco lived with.  (Bassanese 779) (Franco, Jones and Rosenthal 37-40)\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/220px-VeronicaFranco.jpg\"><img class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-2608\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/220px-VeronicaFranco-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" /></a>\r\n\r\nBooks written in the familiar letter style often had the names removed.  Franco made some exceptions in her book, the most notable being the salutation to Henry III, King of France in her second letter.   (Bassanese 779)  (Franco, Jones and Rosenthal 24)\r\n\r\nAccording to Johnson and Rosenthal, it appears that Franco’s two books, Terze rime and Familiar Letters were published privately and it was entirely possible that she funded them herself.  As a result, this particular work was probably not widely read beyond Venice upper society.  That does not mean that Franco was unknown as a poet.  In fact, she received a commission to write for an anthology commemorating “men of the Venetian elite, such as the military hero, Estore Martinengo”.  (Rosenthal)  Commissions of that nature were not dispensed by lottery; they were earned.\r\n\r\nAfter her death in 1591, interest in Franco as a person didn’t start to rise again until the early 1700s and “Familiar Letters” wasn’t republished again until 1949.  Since then, scholars and feminists have taken a fresh look at the woman who managed to live dependent upon the whims of the rich, and sometimes capricious, elite while at the same time establishing the “courtesan\'s virtue, reason, wisdom and fairness” as valuable people and citizens in their own right. (Rosenthal)\r\n\r\nFranco’s Familiar Letters are tangible evidence of the life she lived in more ways than one.  Not only do they provide a record of her activities, but they also record the way she navigated the perilous nature of her existence.  Veronica Franco was a beautiful, intelligent and accomplished woman and in the 20th and 21st century, she could have created a career and life for herself that would not be dependent upon someone else’s generosity ~ but not then.\r\nIn the 16th century, Veronica Franco supported her household from the largesse of her patrons.  In other words, without her patrons, she was just a few steps above needing to accommodate anyone who would pay her fee.  Through her actions and the spoken word, Franco was able to raise herself up to same the level of humanity as the men that she socialized with and served.  She managed to make them see her as one of their equals and therefore worthy of the same consideration as an individual as they were.\r\n\r\nThat is where the subtle magic of Familiar Letters lies.  It is evidence of the beginnings of the seeds of feminism.  It wasn’t as exciting and far reaching as the works of Lucretia Marinella or Laura Cereta, but I believe the impact she had on individuals spread like ripples in a pond and helped set the stage for later change and reform.\r\n\r\nI wanted to save Familiar Letters because it is a piece of evidence that provides a glimpse into how human beings can make life better for ourselves in the moment and, at the same time, set the stage for improving life for others in the future.  It shows how an amazing woman managed to change the way men and women in a small group related to each other.\r\n\r\nHowever, as a piece of work, it does not stand well enough by itself.  One needs to know too much background information about Franco, Venice, courtesans and feminism to make this a good offering for a time capsule.  I am sad to say that I withdraw my proposal to include Familiar Letters in the Time Capsule Project.\r\n\r\nWorks Cited\r\n\r\nBassanese, Fiora. \"Veronica Franco.\" Encyclopedia of Italian Literary Studies. New York. Taylor and Francis Group.   2007. Print.\r\n\r\nFranco, Veronica, author. Jones, Ann Rosalind and Rosenthal Margaret F. translators. “Poems and Selected Letters (The Other Voice in Early Modern Europe).” The University of Chicago Press. 1998. Print.\r\n\r\nRosenthal, Margaret. \"Biography: Franco, Veronica.\" Italian Women Writers. The University of Southern California, 2003. Web. 24 Sep 2012. &lt;http://www.lib.uchicago.edu/efts/IWW&gt;','Veronica Franco, Familiar Letters','','inherit','open','open','','2595-revision-6','','','2012-09-25 13:01:57','2012-09-25 19:01:57','',2595,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2673',0,'revision','',0),(2674,63,'2012-09-30 12:11:48','2012-09-30 18:11:48','[caption id=\"attachment_2574\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/google-image.jpg\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-2574\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/google-image-300x105.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"105\" /></a> Michelangelo commissioned by Pope Julius II della Rovere in 1508-1512 to repaint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.[/caption]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe Sistine Chapel ceilings should be preserved because it is a reminder and visual of the Creation of man. The Sistine Chapel Ceiling  (Creation of Adam and Last Judgment), was created by Michelangelo Buonarroti when Pope Julius II commissioned him to repaint the ceiling in 1508.The works of art located on The Sistine Chapel Ceiling tells nine stories from the first book of the bible, Genesis. The Creation of Adam, the most famous, has been replicated and mass produced in almost every culture. The Sistine Chapel Ceiling remains a masterpiece and has inspired many of its visitors throughout history. Along the central section of the ceiling, Michelangelo depicted nine scenes from the Book of Genesis, the first book of the Bible. Williams E. Wallace states, the pictures fall into three groups of three alternating large and small panels:<!--more-->\r\n\r\nThe first group shows God creating the Heavens and the Earth. The second group shows God creating the first man and woman, Adam and Eve, and their disobedience of God and consequent expulsion from the Garden of Eden where they have lived and where they walked with God The third group of three pictures shows the plight of Humanity, and in particular the family of Noah. Visually the pictures are not in strictly chronological order (30).\r\n\r\nWallace says, if they are perceived as three groups, then the pictures in each of the three units inform upon each other, in the same way as was usual in Medieval paintings and stained glass (Wallace 31). Wallace interjects; the three sections of Creation, Downfall and Fate of Humanity appear in reverse order, when read from the entrance of the chapel. However, each individual scene is painted to be viewed when looking towards the altar (Wallace, 30). This is not easily apparent when viewing a reproduced image of the ceiling, but becomes clear when the viewer looks upward at the vault. Paoletti and Radke suggest that this reversed progression symbolizes a return to a state of grace (qtd. in Wallace 30). Wallace says the three sections are generally described in the order of Biblical chronology:\r\n\r\nThe scenes, from the altar towards the main door, are ordered as follows: The Separation of Light and Darkness, The Creation of the Sun, Moon and Earth, The Separation of Land and Water, The Creation of Adam, The Creation of Eve, The Temptation and Expulsion, The Sacrifice of Noah, The Great Flood, and The Drunkenness of Noah. This monumental fresco covers the entire end wall of the chapel which led the obliteration of the frescoes painted at the time of Sixtus IV: the first figures of the popes, the first two scenes of the life of Christ and life of Moses, the image of the Virgin of Assumption (by Perugino), together with the first two lunettes, representing the Ancestors of Christ were frescoed earlier by Michelangelo himself. The two large windows set into the altar wall were closed up (31).\r\n\r\nA historical time line taken from The Encyclopædia Britannica states:\r\n\r\nDuring the early years before the creation of the Sistine chapel in 1494 Charles VIII of France (r. 1483–98) invaded Italy and seized Naples, launching the “Italian Wars”. This war involved a series of military conflicts between rival European powers—particularly France and Spain—for the takeover of several Italian city-states. In 1497 Michelangelo perhaps the outstanding painter, sculptor, architect, and draftsman of his time was active in Rome, having left Florence after the expulsion of the Medici in 1494. He receives a commission for the tomb of a French cardinal at Saint Peter\'s Basilica, for which he executes the Pietà, a life size sculpture depicting the dead Christ in his mother\'s arms. The masterful rendering of the human form and the flowing drapery of the Virgin\'s garment, as well as the combined dignity and emotional intensity of this work earn much praise from the artist\'s contemporaries. After completing the Pietà, Michelangelo returns to Florence, where he produces the colossal David which is completed 1504 (“Michelangelo,” <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Encyclopædia Britannica</span>).\r\n\r\nIn 1503 Giuliano della Rovere is elected Pope Julius II (r. 1503–13). An outstanding patron, Julius commissions some of the finest landmarks of Renaissance art. Shortly after his election, he plans to replace the extant Saint Peter\'s Basilica with a new structure. A central-plan church of potential magnificence, designed by Bramante, is begun in 1506; construction is barely underway when the architect dies in 1514. In 1505, Michelangelo returns to Rome and undertakes a monumental tomb design for Pope Julius II. Due to various complications, the scale of the project is dramatically reduced over time, and of the forty over-life size figures planned by Michelangelo for the tomb, only the statue of Moses (1513–15; now Church of San Pietro in Vincoli) is fully realized. Also originally intended for the tomb are several figures of slaves, some half-finished. The tomb would remain incomplete until 1547 (“Michelangelo,” Encyclopædia Britannica).\r\n\r\nIn 1508, Luca Signorelli (1441–1523) completes the fresco cycle on the walls of the Sistine Chapel. In the same year, Julius II summons Michelangelo from a sojourn in Florence to paint ceiling frescoes for the chapel. The complex program, painted over the next four years, includes scenes from the Book of Genesis—notably, the creation of man and the expulsion of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden—as well as figures of apostles, prophets, and sibyls. More than twenty years later, Michelangelo returns to the chapel and paints the Last Judgment (1536–41) for the apse wall. The Sistine Chapel ceilings, enormous fresco, presents a vivid, turbulent vision of the ecstasy of the saved and the torments of the damned was painted over the altar, at the commission of Pope Paul III Farnese (“Michelangelo,” Encyclopædia Britannica).\r\n\r\nAccording to Gloria Fiero:\r\n\r\nA significant archeological event influenced Michelangelo\'s treatment of the figure after 1506: in that year, diggers working in Rome uncovered the Laocoön, the celebrated Hellenistic sculpture that had been known to Western scholars only by way of the Roman writer, Pliny. The sculpture with its bold contortions and its powerfully rendered anatomy had as great an impact on Michelangelo and the course of High Renaissance art as Cicero\'s prose had exercised on Petrarch and Early Renaissance literature. Michelangelo’s work, completed between 1508 and 1512, was cohesive with the times; indeed, the twisted torsos, taut muscles, and stretched physiques of the Sistine Chapel figures (ch.17).\r\n\r\nJulie L. Carnagie, Peggy Saari, and Aaron Saari state, the work of the Sistine Chapel ceilings suffered numerous setbacks, such as mold and miserable, damp weather that disallowed plaster curing. A primary cause of downtime occurred when Julius was off waging a war, or ill to the point that Last Rites were administered. The ceiling project, and any hope Michelangelo had of being paid, were both frequently in jeopardy while Julius was absent or near death (234).\r\n\r\nWallace says, while much of the symbolism of the ceiling dates from the early church, the ceiling also has elements that express the specifically Renaissance thinking that sought to reconcile Christian theology with the philosophy of Renaissance Humanism. During the 15th century in Italy, and in Florence in particular, there was a strong interest in Classical literature and the philosophies of Plato, Socrates and other Classical writers. Michelangelo, as a young man, had spent time at the Humanist academy established by the Medici family in Florence (20).\r\n\r\nAccording to Carnagie, P. Saari, and A. Saari:\r\n\r\nThe rediscovery of Greco-Roman culture in the Renaissance restored the nude to the heart of creative endeavor. Nude figures based on antique models appear in Italy as early as the mid-thirteenth century, and by the mid-fifteenth century, nudes had become symbols of antiquity and its reincarnation. This work of art being massively large in statue was very unusual, but for Michelangelo this combination of throbbing life with colossal grandeur became the special quality of Michelangelo\'s art. From then on his work consisted mainly of very large innovative projects. Because he preferred to work on a grand scale, however, he could not turn down commissions from great clients (235).\r\n\r\nAt all times in human history, the human body has been one of the principal subjects for artists. It has been represented on prehistoric paintings and statutes and in all eras since. The male nude was more common in antiquity, especially in ancient Greece, but today the tendency is for the female nude body to be more highly regarded and represented (Carnagie, P. Saari, and A. Saari 235).Wallace implies, since the first days of photography, the nude was a source of inspiration for those that adopted the new medium. Most of the early images have been closely guarded or surreptitiously circulated, on account of social norms of the time. At that time, prostitutes tended to model for these photographs (42). Today, the images of the human body are often, especially in advertising for the wide variety of products and services, those of the female body.\r\n\r\nThe Sistine Chapel ceilings are thought of as a thing of beauty. Many Christian believers that journey to the Vatican Chapel are inspired by its magnificent creativity and magnitude. The reception of today verses that of yester year varies little some individuals feel that nudity has no place in the church but others feel that this is where it all began with the Creation of Man. The Chapel is seen as the sacred vessel in which it is and proper attire is required to gain admission. Various websites urge tourists and visitors to arrive early to avoid the long lines that tend to occur due to many the marvel at the work of art. There are hundreds of tourists visiting the Chapel and other Vatican Museums at any given time, so one could easily see overcrowding while visiting.\r\n\r\nMy personal reaction to this work is that it is a masterpiece. In a world where nudity is seen as a form of taboo in Michelangelo’s era the human anatomy was beautiful. Every line of the human anatomy in his art told a story whether it was stress or joy it stood for something. According to Fiero:\r\n\r\nIn the Creation of Adam, God and Man equal in size and muscular grace confront each other like partners in the divine plan. Adam reaches longingly toward God, seeking the moment of fulfillment, when God will charge his languid body with celestial energy. If the image depicts Creation, it is also a metaphor for the Renaissance belief in the potential divinity of humankind—the visual analogue of Pico\'s Oration on the Dignity of Man (ch.17).\r\n\r\nI believe, nothing in this work is taken out of context or taken to the extreme the visual focus is on the entire work not the nudity. In The Bible nudity in the beginning was norm until the “Fall of Man”, it was then that we as humans began to desire the need for coverings or clothes.\r\n\r\nMichelangelo, who is known for his creativity like the paintings on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, has other works that are comparable or that supersede others. One that he is best known for is the sculpture of David. This tall towering marble sculpture also embodies the sheer inspiration the Michelangelo felt for the human body as does the fresco ceiling paintings. Michelangelo was a master sculptor and painter. Biography taken from a How stuff works.com article states that:\r\n\r\nMichelangelo was inspired by the works of antiquity and his own religious faith, Michelangelo created some of the most remarkable sculptures in history. His obsession with physical beauty and the nude male form influenced much of his work, and his sculptures, paintings, and buildings continue to inspire and awe art-lovers today (1).\r\n\r\nThe statue of David is typical of Michelangelo\'s work large and grand in statue. Like the Sistine Chapel ceilings the statue has been reproduced many times. Michelangelo’s David has become one of the most recognized works. The statue has become a symbol of both strength and youthful human beauty.\r\n\r\nThe Sistine Chapel ceiling artistry remains most significant for future generations, because it shows how the world was formed, how we came in to existence, and the downfall and final judgment of man. The preservation of the Sistine Chapel ceilings masterpiece will also give future generations hope and provide a guide to understand that God is all-knowing and omnipresent. Though you may not be able to see Him, God is there and the church will remain the structural center for all Christian believers.\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p align=\"center\">Works Cited</p>\r\n\"Michelangelo.\" Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 04 Sep. 2012.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">http://www.britannica.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/379957/Michelangelo</span>\r\n\r\n\"Michelangelo\"  21 August 2007.  HowStuffWorks.com. &lt;http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/arts/artwork/michelangelo.htm&gt;  22 September 2012.\r\n\r\n\"Michelangelo Buonarroti.\" Renaissance and Reformation Reference Library. Ed. Julie L. Carnagie, Peggy Saari, and Aaron Saari. Vol. 4: Vol. 2: Biographies. Detroit: UXL, 2002. 232-241. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 30 Aug. 2012.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://go.galegroup.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX3426300080&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=GVRL&amp;sw=w\">http://go.galegroup.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX3426300080&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=GVRL&amp;sw=w</a>\r\n\r\nWallace, William E.. Michelangelo : The Artist, the Man and his Times. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. Ebook Library. Web. 30 Aug. 2012.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.austincc.eblib.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=803215\">http://www.austincc.eblib.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=803215</a>','The Sistine Chapel Ceilings','','inherit','open','open','','2558-revision-6','','','2012-09-30 12:11:48','2012-09-30 18:11:48','',2558,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2674',0,'revision','',0),(2675,63,'2012-10-01 09:28:53','2012-10-01 15:28:53','[caption id=\"attachment_2574\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/google-image.jpg\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-2574\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/google-image-300x105.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"105\" /></a> Michelangelo commissioned by Pope Julius II della Rovere in 1508-1512 to repaint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.<a href=\"http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/m/michelan/3sistina/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/m/michelan/3sistina/index.html</a>[/caption]\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/m/michelan/3sistina/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">l</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe Sistine Chapel ceilings should be preserved because it is a reminder and visual of the Creation of man. The Sistine Chapel Ceiling  (Creation of Adam and Last Judgment), was created by Michelangelo Buonarroti when Pope Julius II commissioned him to repaint the ceiling in 1508.The works of art located on The Sistine Chapel Ceiling tells nine stories from the first book of the bible, Genesis. The Creation of Adam, the most famous, has been replicated and mass produced in almost every culture. The Sistine Chapel Ceiling remains a masterpiece and has inspired many of its visitors throughout history. Along the central section of the ceiling, Michelangelo depicted nine scenes from the Book of Genesis, the first book of the Bible. Williams E. Wallace states, the pictures fall into three groups of three alternating large and small panels:<!--more-->\r\n\r\nThe first group shows God creating the Heavens and the Earth. The second group shows God creating the first man and woman, Adam and Eve, and their disobedience of God and consequent expulsion from the Garden of Eden where they have lived and where they walked with God The third group of three pictures shows the plight of Humanity, and in particular the family of Noah. Visually the pictures are not in strictly chronological order (30).\r\n\r\nWallace says, if they are perceived as three groups, then the pictures in each of the three units inform upon each other, in the same way as was usual in Medieval paintings and stained glass (Wallace 31). Wallace interjects; the three sections of Creation, Downfall and Fate of Humanity appear in reverse order, when read from the entrance of the chapel. However, each individual scene is painted to be viewed when looking towards the altar (Wallace, 30). This is not easily apparent when viewing a reproduced image of the ceiling, but becomes clear when the viewer looks upward at the vault. Paoletti and Radke suggest that this reversed progression symbolizes a return to a state of grace (qtd. in Wallace 30). Wallace says the three sections are generally described in the order of Biblical chronology:\r\n\r\nThe scenes, from the altar towards the main door, are ordered as follows: The Separation of Light and Darkness, The Creation of the Sun, Moon and Earth, The Separation of Land and Water, The Creation of Adam, The Creation of Eve, The Temptation and Expulsion, The Sacrifice of Noah, The Great Flood, and The Drunkenness of Noah. This monumental fresco covers the entire end wall of the chapel which led the obliteration of the frescoes painted at the time of Sixtus IV: the first figures of the popes, the first two scenes of the life of Christ and life of Moses, the image of the Virgin of Assumption (by Perugino), together with the first two lunettes, representing the Ancestors of Christ were frescoed earlier by Michelangelo himself. The two large windows set into the altar wall were closed up (31).\r\n\r\nA historical time line taken from The Encyclopædia Britannica states:\r\n\r\nDuring the early years before the creation of the Sistine chapel in 1494 Charles VIII of France (r. 1483–98) invaded Italy and seized Naples, launching the “Italian Wars”. This war involved a series of military conflicts between rival European powers—particularly France and Spain—for the takeover of several Italian city-states. In 1497 Michelangelo perhaps the outstanding painter, sculptor, architect, and draftsman of his time was active in Rome, having left Florence after the expulsion of the Medici in 1494. He receives a commission for the tomb of a French cardinal at Saint Peter\'s Basilica, for which he executes the Pietà, a life size sculpture depicting the dead Christ in his mother\'s arms. The masterful rendering of the human form and the flowing drapery of the Virgin\'s garment, as well as the combined dignity and emotional intensity of this work earn much praise from the artist\'s contemporaries. After completing the Pietà, Michelangelo returns to Florence, where he produces the colossal David which is completed 1504 (“Michelangelo,” <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Encyclopædia Britannica</span>).\r\n\r\nIn 1503 Giuliano della Rovere is elected Pope Julius II (r. 1503–13). An outstanding patron, Julius commissions some of the finest landmarks of Renaissance art. Shortly after his election, he plans to replace the extant Saint Peter\'s Basilica with a new structure. A central-plan church of potential magnificence, designed by Bramante, is begun in 1506; construction is barely underway when the architect dies in 1514. In 1505, Michelangelo returns to Rome and undertakes a monumental tomb design for Pope Julius II. Due to various complications, the scale of the project is dramatically reduced over time, and of the forty over-life size figures planned by Michelangelo for the tomb, only the statue of Moses (1513–15; now Church of San Pietro in Vincoli) is fully realized. Also originally intended for the tomb are several figures of slaves, some half-finished. The tomb would remain incomplete until 1547 (“Michelangelo,” Encyclopædia Britannica).\r\n\r\nIn 1508, Luca Signorelli (1441–1523) completes the fresco cycle on the walls of the Sistine Chapel. In the same year, Julius II summons Michelangelo from a sojourn in Florence to paint ceiling frescoes for the chapel. The complex program, painted over the next four years, includes scenes from the Book of Genesis—notably, the creation of man and the expulsion of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden—as well as figures of apostles, prophets, and sibyls. More than twenty years later, Michelangelo returns to the chapel and paints the Last Judgment (1536–41) for the apse wall. The Sistine Chapel ceilings, enormous fresco, presents a vivid, turbulent vision of the ecstasy of the saved and the torments of the damned was painted over the altar, at the commission of Pope Paul III Farnese (“Michelangelo,” Encyclopædia Britannica).\r\n\r\nAccording to Gloria Fiero:\r\n\r\nA significant archeological event influenced Michelangelo\'s treatment of the figure after 1506: in that year, diggers working in Rome uncovered the Laocoön, the celebrated Hellenistic sculpture that had been known to Western scholars only by way of the Roman writer, Pliny. The sculpture with its bold contortions and its powerfully rendered anatomy had as great an impact on Michelangelo and the course of High Renaissance art as Cicero\'s prose had exercised on Petrarch and Early Renaissance literature. Michelangelo’s work, completed between 1508 and 1512, was cohesive with the times; indeed, the twisted torsos, taut muscles, and stretched physiques of the Sistine Chapel figures (ch.17).\r\n\r\nJulie L. Carnagie, Peggy Saari, and Aaron Saari state, the work of the Sistine Chapel ceilings suffered numerous setbacks, such as mold and miserable, damp weather that disallowed plaster curing. A primary cause of downtime occurred when Julius was off waging a war, or ill to the point that Last Rites were administered. The ceiling project, and any hope Michelangelo had of being paid, were both frequently in jeopardy while Julius was absent or near death (234).\r\n\r\nWallace says, while much of the symbolism of the ceiling dates from the early church, the ceiling also has elements that express the specifically Renaissance thinking that sought to reconcile Christian theology with the philosophy of Renaissance Humanism. During the 15th century in Italy, and in Florence in particular, there was a strong interest in Classical literature and the philosophies of Plato, Socrates and other Classical writers. Michelangelo, as a young man, had spent time at the Humanist academy established by the Medici family in Florence (20).\r\n\r\nAccording to Carnagie, P. Saari, and A. Saari:\r\n\r\nThe rediscovery of Greco-Roman culture in the Renaissance restored the nude to the heart of creative endeavor. Nude figures based on antique models appear in Italy as early as the mid-thirteenth century, and by the mid-fifteenth century, nudes had become symbols of antiquity and its reincarnation. This work of art being massively large in statue was very unusual, but for Michelangelo this combination of throbbing life with colossal grandeur became the special quality of Michelangelo\'s art. From then on his work consisted mainly of very large innovative projects. Because he preferred to work on a grand scale, however, he could not turn down commissions from great clients (235).\r\n\r\nAt all times in human history, the human body has been one of the principal subjects for artists. It has been represented on prehistoric paintings and statutes and in all eras since. The male nude was more common in antiquity, especially in ancient Greece, but today the tendency is for the female nude body to be more highly regarded and represented (Carnagie, P. Saari, and A. Saari 235).Wallace implies, since the first days of photography, the nude was a source of inspiration for those that adopted the new medium. Most of the early images have been closely guarded or surreptitiously circulated, on account of social norms of the time. At that time, prostitutes tended to model for these photographs (42). Today, the images of the human body are often, especially in advertising for the wide variety of products and services, those of the female body.\r\n\r\nThe Sistine Chapel ceilings are thought of as a thing of beauty. Many Christian believers that journey to the Vatican Chapel are inspired by its magnificent creativity and magnitude. The reception of today verses that of yester year varies little some individuals feel that nudity has no place in the church but others feel that this is where it all began with the Creation of Man. The Chapel is seen as the sacred vessel in which it is and proper attire is required to gain admission. Various websites urge tourists and visitors to arrive early to avoid the long lines that tend to occur due to many the marvel at the work of art. There are hundreds of tourists visiting the Chapel and other Vatican Museums at any given time, so one could easily see overcrowding while visiting.\r\n\r\nMy personal reaction to this work is that it is a masterpiece. In a world where nudity is seen as a form of taboo in Michelangelo’s era the human anatomy was beautiful. Every line of the human anatomy in his art told a story whether it was stress or joy it stood for something. According to Fiero:\r\n\r\nIn the Creation of Adam, God and Man equal in size and muscular grace confront each other like partners in the divine plan. Adam reaches longingly toward God, seeking the moment of fulfillment, when God will charge his languid body with celestial energy. If the image depicts Creation, it is also a metaphor for the Renaissance belief in the potential divinity of humankind—the visual analogue of Pico\'s Oration on the Dignity of Man (ch.17).\r\n\r\nI believe, nothing in this work is taken out of context or taken to the extreme the visual focus is on the entire work not the nudity. In The Bible nudity in the beginning was norm until the “Fall of Man”, it was then that we as humans began to desire the need for coverings or clothes.\r\n\r\nMichelangelo, who is known for his creativity like the paintings on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, has other works that are comparable or that supersede others. One that he is best known for is the sculpture of David. This tall towering marble sculpture also embodies the sheer inspiration the Michelangelo felt for the human body as does the fresco ceiling paintings. Michelangelo was a master sculptor and painter. Biography taken from a How stuff works.com article states that:\r\n\r\nMichelangelo was inspired by the works of antiquity and his own religious faith, Michelangelo created some of the most remarkable sculptures in history. His obsession with physical beauty and the nude male form influenced much of his work, and his sculptures, paintings, and buildings continue to inspire and awe art-lovers today (1).\r\n\r\nThe statue of David is typical of Michelangelo\'s work large and grand in statue. Like the Sistine Chapel ceilings the statue has been reproduced many times. Michelangelo’s David has become one of the most recognized works. The statue has become a symbol of both strength and youthful human beauty.\r\n\r\nThe Sistine Chapel ceiling artistry remains most significant for future generations, because it shows how the world was formed, how we came in to existence, and the downfall and final judgment of man. The preservation of the Sistine Chapel ceilings masterpiece will also give future generations hope and provide a guide to understand that God is all-knowing and omnipresent. Though you may not be able to see Him, God is there and the church will remain the structural center for all Christian believers.\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p align=\"center\">Works Cited</p>\r\n\"Michelangelo.\" Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 04 Sep. 2012.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">http://www.britannica.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/379957/Michelangelo</span>\r\n\r\n\"Michelangelo\"  21 August 2007.  HowStuffWorks.com. &lt;http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/arts/artwork/michelangelo.htm&gt;  22 September 2012.\r\n\r\n\"Michelangelo Buonarroti.\" Renaissance and Reformation Reference Library. Ed. Julie L. Carnagie, Peggy Saari, and Aaron Saari. Vol. 4: Vol. 2: Biographies. Detroit: UXL, 2002. 232-241. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 30 Aug. 2012.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://go.galegroup.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX3426300080&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=GVRL&amp;sw=w\">http://go.galegroup.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX3426300080&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=GVRL&amp;sw=w</a>\r\n\r\nWallace, William E.. Michelangelo : The Artist, the Man and his Times. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. Ebook Library. Web. 30 Aug. 2012.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.austincc.eblib.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=803215\">http://www.austincc.eblib.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=803215</a>','The Sistine Chapel Ceilings','','inherit','open','open','','2558-revision-7','','','2012-10-01 09:28:53','2012-10-01 15:28:53','',2558,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2675',0,'revision','',0),(2676,63,'2012-10-01 10:40:40','2012-10-01 16:40:40','[caption id=\"attachment_2574\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/google-image.jpg\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-2574\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/google-image-300x105.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"105\" /></a> Michelangelo commissioned by Pope Julius II della Rovere in 1508-1512 to repaint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.<a href=\"http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/m/michelan/3sistina/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/m/michelan/3sistina/index.html</a>[/caption]\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/m/michelan/3sistina/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">l</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe Sistine Chapel ceilings should be preserved because it is a reminder and visual of the Creation of man. The Sistine Chapel Ceiling  (Creation of Adam and Last Judgment), was created by Michelangelo Buonarroti when Pope Julius II commissioned him to repaint the ceiling in 1508.The works of art located on The Sistine Chapel Ceiling tells nine stories from the first book of the bible, Genesis. The Creation of Adam, the most famous, has been replicated and mass produced in almost every culture. The Sistine Chapel Ceiling remains a masterpiece and has inspired many of its visitors throughout history.  <em>Prof. Boerner’s</em> states the pictures fall into three groups of three alternating large and small panels (<a href=\"http://www.boerner.net/jboerner/?p=20068\" target=\"new\">boerner.net</a> )<!--more-->\r\n\r\nWikipedia describes the first group shows God creating the Heavens and the Earth. The second group shows God creating the first man and woman, Adam and Eve, and their disobedience of God and consequent expulsion from the Garden of Eden where they have lived and where they walked with God The third group of three pictures shows the plight of Humanity, and in particular the family of Noah. Visually the pictures are not in strictly chronological order (<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignudo\" target=\"new\">wikipedia.org</a>).\r\n\r\n<em>Prof. Boerner </em>says,\" If they are perceived as three groups, then the pictures in each of the three units inform upon each other, in the same way as was usual in Medieval paintings and stained glass. The three sections of Creation, Downfall and Fate of Humanity appear in reverse order, when read from the entrance of the chapel \"(<a href=\"http://www.boerner.net/jboerner/?p=20068\" target=\"new\">boerner.net</a>). However, each individual scene is painted to be viewed when looking towards the altar (<a href=\"http://maps.thefullwiki.org/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling\" target=\"new\">maps.thefullwiki.org/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling</a>). This is not easily apparent when viewing a reproduced image of the ceiling, but becomes clear when the viewer looks upward at the vault. Paoletti and Radke suggest that this reversed progression symbolizes a return to a state of grace (qtd. in Wallace 30). Wallace says the three sections are generally described in the order of Biblical chronology:\r\n\r\n<em>Prof. Boerner’s  </em>says the scenes, from the altar towards the main door, are ordered as follows: The Separation of Light and Darkness, The Creation of the Sun, Moon and Earth, The Separation of Land and Water, The Creation of Adam, The Creation of Eve, The Temptation and Expulsion, The Sacrifice of Noah, The Great Flood, and The Drunkenness of Noah. This monumental fresco covers the entire end wall of the chapel which led the obliteration of the frescoes painted at the time of Sixtus IV: the first figures of the popes, the first two scenes of the life of Christ and life of Moses, the image of the Virgin of Assumption (by Perugino), together with the first two lunettes, representing the Ancestors of Christ were frescoed earlier by Michelangelo himself. The two large windows set into the altar wall were closed up (<a title=\"http://www.boerner.net/jboerner/?p=10355\" href=\"http://www.boerner.net/jboerner/?p=10355\" target=\"_blank\">www.boerner.net</a>).\r\n\r\nA historical time line taken from Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History  states:\r\n\r\nDuring the early years before the creation of the Sistine chapel in 1494 Charles VIII of France (r. 1483–98) invaded Italy and seized Naples, launching the “Italian Wars”. This war involved a series of military conflicts between rival European powers—particularly France and Spain—for the takeover of several Italian city-states. In 1497 Michelangelo perhaps the outstanding painter, sculptor, architect, and draftsman of his time was active in Rome, having left Florence after the expulsion of the Medici in 1494. He receives a commission for the tomb of a French cardinal at Saint Peter\'s Basilica, for which he executes the Pietà, a life size sculpture depicting the dead Christ in his mother\'s arms. The masterful rendering of the human form and the flowing drapery of the Virgin\'s garment, as well as the combined dignity and emotional intensity of this work earn much praise from the artist\'s contemporaries. After completing the Pietà, Michelangelo returns to Florence, where he produces the colossal David which is completed 1504 (metmuseum.org).\r\n\r\nIn 1503 Giuliano della Rovere is elected Pope Julius II (r. 1503–13). An outstanding patron, Julius commissions some of the finest landmarks of Renaissance art. Shortly after his election, he plans to replace the extant Saint Peter\'s Basilica with a new structure. A central-plan church of potential magnificence, designed by Bramante, is begun in 1506; construction is barely underway when the architect dies in 1514. In 1505, Michelangelo returns to Rome and undertakes a monumental tomb design for Pope Julius II. Due to various complications, the scale of the project is dramatically reduced over time, and of the forty over-life size figures planned by Michelangelo for the tomb, only the statue of Moses (1513–15; now Church of San Pietro in Vincoli) is fully realized. Also originally intended for the tomb are several figures of slaves, some half-finished. The tomb would remain incomplete until 1547 (metmuseum.org) .\r\n\r\nIn 1508, Luca Signorelli (1441–1523) completes the fresco cycle on the walls of the Sistine Chapel. In the same year, Julius II summons Michelangelo from a sojourn in Florence to paint ceiling frescoes for the chapel. The complex program, painted over the next four years, includes scenes from the Book of Genesis—notably, the creation of man and the expulsion of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden—as well as figures of apostles, prophets, and sibyls. More than twenty years later, Michelangelo returns to the chapel and paints the Last Judgment (1536–41) for the apse wall. The Sistine Chapel ceilings, enormous fresco, presents a vivid, turbulent vision of the ecstasy of the saved and the torments of the damned was painted over the altar, at the commission of Pope Paul III Farnese (metmuseum.org).\r\n\r\nAccording to Gloria Fiero:\r\n\r\nA significant archeological event influenced Michelangelo\'s treatment of the figure after 1506: in that year, diggers working in Rome uncovered the Laocoön, the celebrated Hellenistic sculpture that had been known to Western scholars only by way of the Roman writer, Pliny. The sculpture with its bold contortions and its powerfully rendered anatomy had as great an impact on Michelangelo and the course of High Renaissance art as Cicero\'s prose had exercised on Petrarch and Early Renaissance literature. Michelangelo’s work, completed between 1508 and 1512, was cohesive with the times; indeed, the twisted torsos, taut muscles, and stretched physiques of the Sistine Chapel figures (ch.17).\r\n\r\nJulie L. Carnagie, Peggy Saari, and Aaron Saari state, the work of the Sistine Chapel ceilings suffered numerous setbacks, such as mold and miserable, damp weather that disallowed plaster curing. The ceiling project, and any hope Michelangelo had of being paid, were both frequently in jeopardy while Julius was absent or near death (234).\r\n\r\n\"While much of the symbolism of the ceiling dates from the early church, the ceiling also has elements that express the specifically Renaissance thinking that sought to reconcile Christian theology with the philosophy of Renaissance Humanism. During the 15th century in Italy, and in Florence in particular, there was a strong interest in Classical literature and the philosophies of Plato, Socrates and other Classical writers. Michelangelo, as a young man, had spent time at the Humanist academy established by the Medici family in Florence\" (<a href=\"http://maps.thefullwiki.org/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling\" target=\"new\">maps.thefullwiki.org/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling</a>).\r\n\r\n\"The rediscovery of Greco-Roman culture in the Renaissance restored the nude to the heart of creative endeavor. Nude figures based on antique models appear in Italy as early as the mid-thirteenth century, and by the mid-fifteenth century, nudes had become symbols of antiquity and its reincarnation\" (<a href=\"http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/numr/hd_numr.htm\" target=\"new\">metmuseum.org</a>).\r\n\r\nAccording to Carnagie, P. Saari, and A. Saari:\r\n\r\nThis work of art being massively large in statue was very unusual, but for Michelangelo this combination of throbbing life with colossal grandeur became the special quality of Michelangelo\'s art. From then on his work consisted mainly of very large innovative projects. Because he preferred to work on a grand scale, however, he could not turn down commissions from great clients (235).\r\n\r\nAt all times in human history, the human body has been one of the principal subjects for artists. It has been represented on prehistoric paintings and statutes and in all eras since(<a href=\"http://pediaview.com/openpedia/Depictions_of_nudity\" target=\"new\">pediaview.com</a>). The male nude was more common in antiquity, especially in ancient Greece, but today the tendency is for the female nude body to be more highly regarded and represented (Carnagie, P. Saari, and A. Saari 235). Since the first days of photography, the nude was a source of inspiration for those that adopted the new medium. Most of the early images have been closely guarded or surreptitiously circulated, on account of social norms of the time. At that time, prostitutes tended to model for these photographs. Today, the images of the human body are often, especially in advertising for the wide variety of products and services, those of the female body (<a href=\"http://pediaview.com/openpedia/Depictions_of_nudity\" target=\"new\">pediaview.com)</a>.\r\n\r\nThe Sistine Chapel ceilings are thought of as a thing of beauty. Many Christian believers that journey to the Vatican Chapel are inspired by its magnificent creativity and magnitude. The reception of today verses that of yester year varies little some individuals feel that nudity has no place in the church but others feel that this is where it all began with the Creation of Man. The Chapel is seen as the sacred vessel in which it is and proper attire is required to gain admission. Various websites urge tourists and visitors to arrive early to avoid the long lines that tend to occur due to many the marvel at the work of art. There are hundreds of tourists visiting the Chapel and other Vatican Museums at any given time, so one could easily see overcrowding while visiting.\r\n\r\nMy personal reaction to this work is that it is a masterpiece. In a world where nudity is seen as a form of taboo in Michelangelo’s era the human anatomy was beautiful. Every line of the human anatomy in his art told a story whether it was stress or joy it stood for something. According to Fiero:\r\n\r\nIn the Creation of Adam, God and Man equal in size and muscular grace confront each other like partners in the divine plan. Adam reaches longingly toward God, seeking the moment of fulfillment, when God will charge his languid body with celestial energy. If the image depicts Creation, it is also a metaphor for the Renaissance belief in the potential divinity of humankind—the visual analogue of Pico\'s Oration on the Dignity of Man (ch.17).\r\n\r\nI believe, nothing in this work is taken out of context or taken to the extreme the visual focus is on the entire work not the nudity. In The Bible nudity in the beginning was norm until the “Fall of Man”, it was then that we as humans began to desire the need for coverings or clothes.\r\n\r\nMichelangelo, who is known for his creativity like the paintings on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, has other works that are comparable or that supersede others. One that he is best known for is the sculpture of David. This tall towering marble sculpture also embodies the sheer inspiration the Michelangelo felt for the human body as does the fresco ceiling paintings. Michelangelo was a master sculptor and painter. Biography taken from a How stuff works.com article states that:\r\n\r\nMichelangelo was inspired by the works of antiquity and his own religious faith, Michelangelo created some of the most remarkable sculptures in history. His obsession with physical beauty and the nude male form influenced much of his work, and his sculptures, paintings, and buildings continue to inspire and awe art-lovers today (1).\r\n\r\nThe statue of David is typical of Michelangelo\'s work large and grand in statue. Like the Sistine Chapel ceilings the statue has been reproduced many times. Michelangelo’s David has become one of the most recognized works. The statue has become a symbol of both strength and youthful human beauty.\r\n\r\nThe Sistine Chapel ceiling artistry remains most significant for future generations, because it shows how the world was formed, how we came in to existence, and the downfall and final judgment of man. The preservation of the Sistine Chapel ceilings masterpiece will also give future generations hope and provide a guide to understand that God is all-knowing and omnipresent. Though you may not be able to see Him, God is there and the church will remain the structural center for all Christian believers.\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p align=\"center\">Works Cited</p>\r\n\"Michelangelo.\" Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 04 Sep. 2012.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">http://www.britannica.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/379957/Michelangelo</span>\r\n\r\n\"Michelangelo\"  21 August 2007.  HowStuffWorks.com. &lt;http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/arts/artwork/michelangelo.htm&gt;  22 September 2012.\r\n\r\n\"Michelangelo Buonarroti.\" Renaissance and Reformation Reference Library. Ed. Julie L. Carnagie, Peggy Saari, and Aaron Saari. Vol. 4: Vol. 2: Biographies. Detroit: UXL, 2002. 232-241. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 30 Aug. 2012.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://go.galegroup.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX3426300080&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=GVRL&amp;sw=w\">http://go.galegroup.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX3426300080&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=GVRL&amp;sw=w</a>\r\n\r\nWallace, William E.. Michelangelo : The Artist, the Man and his Times. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. Ebook Library. Web. 30 Aug. 2012.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.austincc.eblib.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=803215\">http://www.austincc.eblib.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=803215</a>','The Sistine Chapel Ceilings','','inherit','open','open','','2558-revision-8','','','2012-10-01 10:40:40','2012-10-01 16:40:40','',2558,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2676',0,'revision','',0),(2684,1,'2012-09-30 12:09:07','2012-09-30 18:09:07','<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http://www.mexconnect.com/photos/8996-teotihuacan1s-p-panoramic-view-of-teotihuacan-looking-south-from-the-top-o-original.jpg?1267914708\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nThe  pyramids  of  Teotihuacan  are  one  of  the  oldest  pyramids  in are  history. They  are  located  in  Mexico  about  30miles  from  one  of  the  biggest  city’s  in  the  world  known  as  Mexico  City.  The  original  date  of  theses  pyramids  are  unknown  but  should  be  older then 200  a.d.  Also  for  a  time  period  the  Aztec  had  wondered  off  from  what  they  have  been told  by  their  gods, and  had  stumbled  upon  the  pyramids  of  Teotihuacan  to  have  as  there own  land. These  magnificent  pyramids  are  a  big  part  of  history  and  should  be  conserved for  future  generations  to  be  able  to  learn  from  them. If  these  Pyramids  would  be  destroyed  there  would  be  allot  off  useful   information gone. We  are  still  to  this  day  still  learning  and gaining knowledge  from studying  them.\r\n\r\n<!--more-->There  are  many  important  historical  impacts   that  have  shaped  the  pyramids.  From  the  Mayans  having  it  has  there  kingdom. To  the  Aztec’s  defeat  of  Cortez  and his Spanish  armed  forces.Sciences  all  off  this  they  are  just used  for  a tourist  site. For  use  to  ask  who  had built these Pyramids we have  to  know  that  the  builders  are  still  to  this  day unknown. Some  general  knowledge  is  That  the  two  biggest  of the  pyramids  are  the  sun  and  the  moon  pyramids. They  are  a representation  of  a  strong  connection  that  the  people  had  both  with  their  gods  and  with  the  universe.\r\n\r\nTo  actually  say  what  era  the  pyramids  purpose  was  or  what  they  worked for  is  asking  what  many  of  the  different  tribal  backgrounds  have  used  them  for. You called point  out  what  the  Aztec  people  used them  for. It  was  there  place  of  worship, and gathering were all put to use during there time period.  You could compare it to the Great Pyramids of Egypt. Saying that they are both very important structures. just as the Egyptian pyramids they are enormous  in size and have barrel grounds in them for there kings in queens just as Teotihuacan do for there  leaders. They are alike in many  ways like the way they align up with each other. Even if they are so far apart from each other there functions are about the same throughout history. having different rulers over them and gods coming down are just some of the similarities they have. Also having  1used as dramatic stage for religious rituals and civic ceremonies.\r\n\r\n3Which making them very unusual and ahead of its structurally time period. A fact about the Sun and the Moon pyramid is that they are actually aligned up with the sun and the moon. The main street that connects them is called “Street of Dead” which in many cases could be interesting for why they called it that. Known for sightings of there gods for sacrifices or tolls they would receive  from them, also giving the people a greater knowledge of the world. I think of the gods they said they would come down from the sky “other worldly gods”. Which has made a very huge impact on what is being discovered. A cool thing about the name is that it means 1The Place Where Men Become Gods. Which was very interesting men becoming gods does that mean that they were given powers are just tools that made them like the gods.\r\n\r\nThought time they have been worked on and built on from different cultural groups forming there own certain structural features. For each time they were controlled by a group of people they had vast land to live off of. from the tools that were given to them had made there lives allot easier and made them able to think for them selves. There is contrivers  on how they received these gifts and how they were used in different eras.\r\n\r\nFor most part people just know that these pyramids of Teotihuacan are located in Mexico, and probably that the Aztec had apart to do with them. They are a significant part of Mexican history to show How we had started off. Their concerns for this place is some were to go on a family vacation or road trip. Some 2Archologists today are still stunned to how anyone would be able to pick up those thousand pound bricks. How they would be able to carried them or even move them from one spot to the next. Which i would think is mind boggling.\r\n\r\nMy thought how the Teotihuacan Pyramids is that we need to look deeper then what facts are given to use to really be able to learn and define what your thoughts are own the pyramids. I am also think that it is a very good thing to be able to know about what has gone down in history and in the very magnificent Structural grounds. For that i conclude that i am glad that i as able to go in depth about Teotihuacan.\r\n\r\nWork cited List\r\n1. www.ancient-wisdom.co.oh/mexicoteotihuacan.htm\r\nLewis Spence, Mexico and Peru, 1994, Senate press. Renato Vesco, David Hatcher Childress. Man Made UFO\'s. 2007. Adventures Unlimited Press.Fagan, Garrett G. (2006). Archaeological Fantasies: How Pseudoarchaeology Misrepresents the Past and Misleads the Public. New York: Routledge. pp. 102The atlas of mysterious places. Guild publishing. 1987. G. Hancock. Fingerprints of the gods. Mandarin. 1996.\r\n\r\n2.http://www.mexconnect.com/articles/823-the-great-pyramids-of-teotihuacan-mexico-place-of-the-gods823-the-great-pyramids-of-teotihuacan-mexico-place-of-the-gods\r\nBy: Allen Cogan\r\n3. http://www.aztec-history.com/\r\nThe Aztecs by Michael E. Smith (2003); Aztec Imperial Strategies by Frances F. Berdan, et al. (1996); Imperial Ends: The Decay, Collapse, and Revival of Empires by Alexander K. Motyl (2001); The Tenochca Empire of Ancient Mexico: The Triple Alliance of Tenochtitlan, Tetzcoco, and Tlacopan by Pedro Carrasco (1999)\r\n\r\n&nbsp;','Pyramids of Teotihuacan ','','inherit','open','open','','2549-revision-10','','','2012-09-30 12:09:07','2012-09-30 18:09:07','',2549,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2684',0,'revision','',0),(2683,1,'2012-10-02 14:46:11','2012-10-02 20:46:11','[caption id=\"attachment_2574\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/google-image.jpg\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-2574\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/google-image-300x105.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"105\" /></a> Michelangelo commissioned by Pope Julius II della Rovere in 1508-1512 to repaint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.<a href=\"http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/m/michelan/3sistina/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/m/michelan/3sistina/index.html</a>[/caption]\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/m/michelan/3sistina/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">l</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe Sistine Chapel ceilings should be preserved because it is a reminder and visual of the Creation of man. The Sistine Chapel Ceiling  (Creation of Adam and Last Judgment), was created by Michelangelo Buonarroti when Pope Julius II commissioned him to repaint the ceiling in 1508.The works of art located on The Sistine Chapel Ceiling tells nine stories from the first book of the bible, Genesis. The Creation of Adam, the most famous, has been replicated and mass produced in almost every culture. The Sistine Chapel Ceiling remains a masterpiece and has inspired many of its visitors throughout history.  <em>Prof. Boerner’s</em> states the pictures fall into three groups of three alternating large and small panels (<a href=\"http://www.boerner.net/jboerner/?p=20068\" target=\"new\">boerner.net</a> )<!--more-->\r\n\r\nWikipedia describes the first group shows God creating the Heavens and the Earth. The second group shows God creating the first man and woman, Adam and Eve, and their disobedience of God and consequent expulsion from the Garden of Eden where they have lived and where they walked with God The third group of three pictures shows the plight of Humanity, and in particular the family of Noah. Visually the pictures are not in strictly chronological order (<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignudo\" target=\"new\">wikipedia.org</a>).\r\n\r\n<em>Prof. Boerner </em>says,\" If they are perceived as three groups, then the pictures in each of the three units inform upon each other, in the same way as was usual in Medieval paintings and stained glass. The three sections of Creation, Downfall and Fate of Humanity appear in reverse order, when read from the entrance of the chapel \"(<a href=\"http://www.boerner.net/jboerner/?p=20068\" target=\"new\">boerner.net</a>). However, each individual scene is painted to be viewed when looking towards the altar (<a href=\"http://maps.thefullwiki.org/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling\" target=\"new\">maps.thefullwiki.org/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling</a>). This is not easily apparent when viewing a reproduced image of the ceiling, but becomes clear when the viewer looks upward at the vault. Paoletti and Radke suggest that this reversed progression symbolizes a return to a state of grace (qtd. in Wallace 30). Wallace says the three sections are generally described in the order of Biblical chronology:\r\n\r\n<em>Prof. Boerner’s  </em>says the scenes, from the altar towards the main door, are ordered as follows: The Separation of Light and Darkness, The Creation of the Sun, Moon and Earth, The Separation of Land and Water, The Creation of Adam, The Creation of Eve, The Temptation and Expulsion, The Sacrifice of Noah, The Great Flood, and The Drunkenness of Noah. This monumental fresco covers the entire end wall of the chapel which led the obliteration of the frescoes painted at the time of Sixtus IV: the first figures of the popes, the first two scenes of the life of Christ and life of Moses, the image of the Virgin of Assumption (by Perugino), together with the first two lunettes, representing the Ancestors of Christ were frescoed earlier by Michelangelo himself. The two large windows set into the altar wall were closed up (<a title=\"http://www.boerner.net/jboerner/?p=10355\" href=\"http://www.boerner.net/jboerner/?p=10355\" target=\"_blank\">www.boerner.net</a>).\r\n\r\nA historical time line taken from Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History  states:\r\n\r\nDuring the early years before the creation of the Sistine chapel in 1494 Charles VIII of France (r. 1483–98) invaded Italy and seized Naples, launching the “Italian Wars”. This war involved a series of military conflicts between rival European powers—particularly France and Spain—for the takeover of several Italian city-states. In 1497 Michelangelo perhaps the outstanding painter, sculptor, architect, and draftsman of his time was active in Rome, having left Florence after the expulsion of the Medici in 1494. He receives a commission for the tomb of a French cardinal at Saint Peter\'s Basilica, for which he executes the Pietà, a life size sculpture depicting the dead Christ in his mother\'s arms. The masterful rendering of the human form and the flowing drapery of the Virgin\'s garment, as well as the combined dignity and emotional intensity of this work earn much praise from the artist\'s contemporaries. After completing the Pietà, Michelangelo returns to Florence, where he produces the colossal David which is completed 1504 (metmuseum.org).\r\n\r\nIn 1503 Giuliano della Rovere is elected Pope Julius II (r. 1503–13). An outstanding patron, Julius commissions some of the finest landmarks of Renaissance art. Shortly after his election, he plans to replace the extant Saint Peter\'s Basilica with a new structure. A central-plan church of potential magnificence, designed by Bramante, is begun in 1506; construction is barely underway when the architect dies in 1514. In 1505, Michelangelo returns to Rome and undertakes a monumental tomb design for Pope Julius II. Due to various complications, the scale of the project is dramatically reduced over time, and of the forty over-life size figures planned by Michelangelo for the tomb, only the statue of Moses (1513–15; now Church of San Pietro in Vincoli) is fully realized. Also originally intended for the tomb are several figures of slaves, some half-finished. The tomb would remain incomplete until 1547 (metmuseum.org) .\r\n\r\nIn 1508, Luca Signorelli (1441–1523) completes the fresco cycle on the walls of the Sistine Chapel. In the same year, Julius II summons Michelangelo from a sojourn in Florence to paint ceiling frescoes for the chapel. The complex program, painted over the next four years, includes scenes from the Book of Genesis—notably, the creation of man and the expulsion of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden—as well as figures of apostles, prophets, and sibyls. More than twenty years later, Michelangelo returns to the chapel and paints the Last Judgment (1536–41) for the apse wall. The Sistine Chapel ceilings, enormous fresco, presents a vivid, turbulent vision of the ecstasy of the saved and the torments of the damned was painted over the altar, at the commission of Pope Paul III Farnese (metmuseum.org).\r\n\r\nAccording to Gloria Fiero:\r\n\r\nA significant archeological event influenced Michelangelo\'s treatment of the figure after 1506: in that year, diggers working in Rome uncovered the Laocoön, the celebrated Hellenistic sculpture that had been known to Western scholars only by way of the Roman writer, Pliny. The sculpture with its bold contortions and its powerfully rendered anatomy had as great an impact on Michelangelo and the course of High Renaissance art as Cicero\'s prose had exercised on Petrarch and Early Renaissance literature. Michelangelo’s work, completed between 1508 and 1512, was cohesive with the times; indeed, the twisted torsos, taut muscles, and stretched physiques of the Sistine Chapel figures (ch.17).\r\n\r\nJulie L. Carnagie, Peggy Saari, and Aaron Saari state, the work of the Sistine Chapel ceilings suffered numerous setbacks, such as mold and miserable, damp weather that disallowed plaster curing. The ceiling project, and any hope Michelangelo had of being paid, were both frequently in jeopardy while Julius was absent or near death (234).\r\n\r\n\"While much of the symbolism of the ceiling dates from the early church, the ceiling also has elements that express the specifically Renaissance thinking that sought to reconcile Christian theology with the philosophy of Renaissance Humanism. During the 15th century in Italy, and in Florence in particular, there was a strong interest in Classical literature and the philosophies of Plato, Socrates and other Classical writers. Michelangelo, as a young man, had spent time at the Humanist academy established by the Medici family in Florence\" (<a href=\"http://maps.thefullwiki.org/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling\" target=\"new\">maps.thefullwiki.org/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling</a>).\r\n\r\n\"The rediscovery of Greco-Roman culture in the Renaissance restored the nude to the heart of creative endeavor. Nude figures based on antique models appear in Italy as early as the mid-thirteenth century, and by the mid-fifteenth century, nudes had become symbols of antiquity and its reincarnation\" (<a href=\"http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/numr/hd_numr.htm\" target=\"new\">metmuseum.org</a>).\r\n\r\nAccording to Carnagie, P. Saari, and A. Saari:\r\n\r\nThis work of art being massively large in statue was very unusual, but for Michelangelo this combination of throbbing life with colossal grandeur became the special quality of Michelangelo\'s art. From then on his work consisted mainly of very large innovative projects. Because he preferred to work on a grand scale, however, he could not turn down commissions from great clients (235).\r\n\r\nAt all times in human history, the human body has been one of the principal subjects for artists. It has been represented on prehistoric paintings and statutes and in all eras since(<a href=\"http://pediaview.com/openpedia/Depictions_of_nudity\" target=\"new\">pediaview.com</a>). The male nude was more common in antiquity, especially in ancient Greece, but today the tendency is for the female nude body to be more highly regarded and represented (Carnagie, P. Saari, and A. Saari 235). Since the first days of photography, the nude was a source of inspiration for those that adopted the new medium. Most of the early images have been closely guarded or surreptitiously circulated, on account of social norms of the time. At that time, prostitutes tended to model for these photographs. Today, the images of the human body are often, especially in advertising for the wide variety of products and services, those of the female body (<a href=\"http://pediaview.com/openpedia/Depictions_of_nudity\" target=\"new\">pediaview.com)</a>.\r\n\r\nThe Sistine Chapel ceilings are thought of as a thing of beauty. Many Christian believers that journey to the Vatican Chapel are inspired by its magnificent creativity and magnitude. The reception of today verses that of yester year varies little some individuals feel that nudity has no place in the church but others feel that this is where it all began with the Creation of Man. The Chapel is seen as the sacred vessel in which it is and proper attire is required to gain admission. Various websites urge tourists and visitors to arrive early to avoid the long lines that tend to occur due to many the marvel at the work of art. There are hundreds of tourists visiting the Chapel and other Vatican Museums at any given time, so one could easily see overcrowding while visiting.\r\n\r\nMy personal reaction to this work is that it is a masterpiece. In a world where nudity is seen as a form of taboo in Michelangelo’s era the human anatomy was beautiful. Every line of the human anatomy in his art told a story whether it was stress or joy it stood for something. According to Fiero:\r\n\r\nIn the Creation of Adam, God and Man equal in size and muscular grace confront each other like partners in the divine plan. Adam reaches longingly toward God, seeking the moment of fulfillment, when God will charge his languid body with celestial energy. If the image depicts Creation, it is also a metaphor for the Renaissance belief in the potential divinity of humankind—the visual analogue of Pico\'s Oration on the Dignity of Man (ch.17).\r\n\r\nI believe, nothing in this work is taken out of context or taken to the extreme the visual focus is on the entire work not the nudity. In The Bible nudity in the beginning was norm until the “Fall of Man”, it was then that we as humans began to desire the need for coverings or clothes.\r\n\r\nMichelangelo, who is known for his creativity like the paintings on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, has other works that are comparable or that supersede others. One that he is best known for is the sculpture of David. This tall towering marble sculpture also embodies the sheer inspiration the Michelangelo felt for the human body as does the fresco ceiling paintings. Michelangelo was a master sculptor and painter. Biography taken from a How stuff works.com article states that:\r\n\r\nMichelangelo was inspired by the works of antiquity and his own religious faith, Michelangelo created some of the most remarkable sculptures in history. His obsession with physical beauty and the nude male form influenced much of his work, and his sculptures, paintings, and buildings continue to inspire and awe art-lovers today (1).\r\n\r\nThe statue of David is typical of Michelangelo\'s work large and grand in statue. Like the Sistine Chapel ceilings the statue has been reproduced many times. Michelangelo’s David has become one of the most recognized works. The statue has become a symbol of both strength and youthful human beauty.\r\n\r\nThe Sistine Chapel ceiling artistry remains most significant for future generations, because it shows how the world was formed, how we came in to existence, and the downfall and final judgment of man. The preservation of the Sistine Chapel ceilings masterpiece will also give future generations hope and provide a guide to understand that God is all-knowing and omnipresent. Though you may not be able to see Him, God is there and the church will remain the structural center for all Christian believers.\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p align=\"center\">Works Cited</p>\r\n\"Michelangelo.\" Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 04 Sep. 2012.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">http://www.britannica.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/379957/Michelangelo</span>\r\n\r\n\"Michelangelo\"  21 August 2007.  HowStuffWorks.com. &lt;http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/arts/artwork/michelangelo.htm&gt;  22 September 2012.\r\n\r\n\"Michelangelo Buonarroti.\" Renaissance and Reformation Reference Library. Ed. Julie L. Carnagie, Peggy Saari, and Aaron Saari. Vol. 4: Vol. 2: Biographies. Detroit: UXL, 2002. 232-241. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 30 Aug. 2012.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://go.galegroup.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX3426300080&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=GVRL&amp;sw=w\">http://go.galegroup.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX3426300080&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=GVRL&amp;sw=w</a>\r\n\r\nWallace, William E.. Michelangelo : The Artist, the Man and his Times. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. Ebook Library. Web. 30 Aug. 2012.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.austincc.eblib.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=803215\">http://www.austincc.eblib.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=803215</a>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/?period=08®ion=eusts</span>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.myspace.com/michelangelo_buonarroti\">http://www.myspace.com/michelangelo_buonarroti#</a>!\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://maps.thefullwiki.org/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling\">http://maps.thefullwiki.org/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling</a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://pediaview.com/openpedia/Depictions_of_nudity\">http://pediaview.com/openpedia/Depictions_of_nudity</a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignudo\">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignudo</a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.boerner.net/jboerner/?p=20068\">http://www.boerner.net/jboerner/?p=20068</a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/m/michelan/3sistina/index.html\">http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/m/michelan/3sistina/index.html</a>','The Sistine Chapel Ceilings','','inherit','open','open','','2558-revision-10','','','2012-10-02 14:46:11','2012-10-02 20:46:11','',2558,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2683',0,'revision','',0),(2681,63,'2012-10-01 10:43:33','2012-10-01 16:43:33','[caption id=\"attachment_2574\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/google-image.jpg\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-2574\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/google-image-300x105.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"105\" /></a> Michelangelo commissioned by Pope Julius II della Rovere in 1508-1512 to repaint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.<a href=\"http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/m/michelan/3sistina/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/m/michelan/3sistina/index.html</a>[/caption]\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/m/michelan/3sistina/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">l</a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThe Sistine Chapel ceilings should be preserved because it is a reminder and visual of the Creation of man. The Sistine Chapel Ceiling  (Creation of Adam and Last Judgment), was created by Michelangelo Buonarroti when Pope Julius II commissioned him to repaint the ceiling in 1508.The works of art located on The Sistine Chapel Ceiling tells nine stories from the first book of the bible, Genesis. The Creation of Adam, the most famous, has been replicated and mass produced in almost every culture. The Sistine Chapel Ceiling remains a masterpiece and has inspired many of its visitors throughout history.  <em>Prof. Boerner’s</em> states the pictures fall into three groups of three alternating large and small panels (<a href=\"http://www.boerner.net/jboerner/?p=20068\" target=\"new\">boerner.net</a> )<!--more-->\r\n\r\nWikipedia describes the first group shows God creating the Heavens and the Earth. The second group shows God creating the first man and woman, Adam and Eve, and their disobedience of God and consequent expulsion from the Garden of Eden where they have lived and where they walked with God The third group of three pictures shows the plight of Humanity, and in particular the family of Noah. Visually the pictures are not in strictly chronological order (<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignudo\" target=\"new\">wikipedia.org</a>).\r\n\r\n<em>Prof. Boerner </em>says,\" If they are perceived as three groups, then the pictures in each of the three units inform upon each other, in the same way as was usual in Medieval paintings and stained glass. The three sections of Creation, Downfall and Fate of Humanity appear in reverse order, when read from the entrance of the chapel \"(<a href=\"http://www.boerner.net/jboerner/?p=20068\" target=\"new\">boerner.net</a>). However, each individual scene is painted to be viewed when looking towards the altar (<a href=\"http://maps.thefullwiki.org/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling\" target=\"new\">maps.thefullwiki.org/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling</a>). This is not easily apparent when viewing a reproduced image of the ceiling, but becomes clear when the viewer looks upward at the vault. Paoletti and Radke suggest that this reversed progression symbolizes a return to a state of grace (qtd. in Wallace 30). Wallace says the three sections are generally described in the order of Biblical chronology:\r\n\r\n<em>Prof. Boerner’s  </em>says the scenes, from the altar towards the main door, are ordered as follows: The Separation of Light and Darkness, The Creation of the Sun, Moon and Earth, The Separation of Land and Water, The Creation of Adam, The Creation of Eve, The Temptation and Expulsion, The Sacrifice of Noah, The Great Flood, and The Drunkenness of Noah. This monumental fresco covers the entire end wall of the chapel which led the obliteration of the frescoes painted at the time of Sixtus IV: the first figures of the popes, the first two scenes of the life of Christ and life of Moses, the image of the Virgin of Assumption (by Perugino), together with the first two lunettes, representing the Ancestors of Christ were frescoed earlier by Michelangelo himself. The two large windows set into the altar wall were closed up (<a title=\"http://www.boerner.net/jboerner/?p=10355\" href=\"http://www.boerner.net/jboerner/?p=10355\" target=\"_blank\">www.boerner.net</a>).\r\n\r\nA historical time line taken from Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History  states:\r\n\r\nDuring the early years before the creation of the Sistine chapel in 1494 Charles VIII of France (r. 1483–98) invaded Italy and seized Naples, launching the “Italian Wars”. This war involved a series of military conflicts between rival European powers—particularly France and Spain—for the takeover of several Italian city-states. In 1497 Michelangelo perhaps the outstanding painter, sculptor, architect, and draftsman of his time was active in Rome, having left Florence after the expulsion of the Medici in 1494. He receives a commission for the tomb of a French cardinal at Saint Peter\'s Basilica, for which he executes the Pietà, a life size sculpture depicting the dead Christ in his mother\'s arms. The masterful rendering of the human form and the flowing drapery of the Virgin\'s garment, as well as the combined dignity and emotional intensity of this work earn much praise from the artist\'s contemporaries. After completing the Pietà, Michelangelo returns to Florence, where he produces the colossal David which is completed 1504 (metmuseum.org).\r\n\r\nIn 1503 Giuliano della Rovere is elected Pope Julius II (r. 1503–13). An outstanding patron, Julius commissions some of the finest landmarks of Renaissance art. Shortly after his election, he plans to replace the extant Saint Peter\'s Basilica with a new structure. A central-plan church of potential magnificence, designed by Bramante, is begun in 1506; construction is barely underway when the architect dies in 1514. In 1505, Michelangelo returns to Rome and undertakes a monumental tomb design for Pope Julius II. Due to various complications, the scale of the project is dramatically reduced over time, and of the forty over-life size figures planned by Michelangelo for the tomb, only the statue of Moses (1513–15; now Church of San Pietro in Vincoli) is fully realized. Also originally intended for the tomb are several figures of slaves, some half-finished. The tomb would remain incomplete until 1547 (metmuseum.org) .\r\n\r\nIn 1508, Luca Signorelli (1441–1523) completes the fresco cycle on the walls of the Sistine Chapel. In the same year, Julius II summons Michelangelo from a sojourn in Florence to paint ceiling frescoes for the chapel. The complex program, painted over the next four years, includes scenes from the Book of Genesis—notably, the creation of man and the expulsion of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden—as well as figures of apostles, prophets, and sibyls. More than twenty years later, Michelangelo returns to the chapel and paints the Last Judgment (1536–41) for the apse wall. The Sistine Chapel ceilings, enormous fresco, presents a vivid, turbulent vision of the ecstasy of the saved and the torments of the damned was painted over the altar, at the commission of Pope Paul III Farnese (metmuseum.org).\r\n\r\nAccording to Gloria Fiero:\r\n\r\nA significant archeological event influenced Michelangelo\'s treatment of the figure after 1506: in that year, diggers working in Rome uncovered the Laocoön, the celebrated Hellenistic sculpture that had been known to Western scholars only by way of the Roman writer, Pliny. The sculpture with its bold contortions and its powerfully rendered anatomy had as great an impact on Michelangelo and the course of High Renaissance art as Cicero\'s prose had exercised on Petrarch and Early Renaissance literature. Michelangelo’s work, completed between 1508 and 1512, was cohesive with the times; indeed, the twisted torsos, taut muscles, and stretched physiques of the Sistine Chapel figures (ch.17).\r\n\r\nJulie L. Carnagie, Peggy Saari, and Aaron Saari state, the work of the Sistine Chapel ceilings suffered numerous setbacks, such as mold and miserable, damp weather that disallowed plaster curing. The ceiling project, and any hope Michelangelo had of being paid, were both frequently in jeopardy while Julius was absent or near death (234).\r\n\r\n\"While much of the symbolism of the ceiling dates from the early church, the ceiling also has elements that express the specifically Renaissance thinking that sought to reconcile Christian theology with the philosophy of Renaissance Humanism. During the 15th century in Italy, and in Florence in particular, there was a strong interest in Classical literature and the philosophies of Plato, Socrates and other Classical writers. Michelangelo, as a young man, had spent time at the Humanist academy established by the Medici family in Florence\" (<a href=\"http://maps.thefullwiki.org/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling\" target=\"new\">maps.thefullwiki.org/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling</a>).\r\n\r\n\"The rediscovery of Greco-Roman culture in the Renaissance restored the nude to the heart of creative endeavor. Nude figures based on antique models appear in Italy as early as the mid-thirteenth century, and by the mid-fifteenth century, nudes had become symbols of antiquity and its reincarnation\" (<a href=\"http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/numr/hd_numr.htm\" target=\"new\">metmuseum.org</a>).\r\n\r\nAccording to Carnagie, P. Saari, and A. Saari:\r\n\r\nThis work of art being massively large in statue was very unusual, but for Michelangelo this combination of throbbing life with colossal grandeur became the special quality of Michelangelo\'s art. From then on his work consisted mainly of very large innovative projects. Because he preferred to work on a grand scale, however, he could not turn down commissions from great clients (235).\r\n\r\nAt all times in human history, the human body has been one of the principal subjects for artists. It has been represented on prehistoric paintings and statutes and in all eras since(<a href=\"http://pediaview.com/openpedia/Depictions_of_nudity\" target=\"new\">pediaview.com</a>). The male nude was more common in antiquity, especially in ancient Greece, but today the tendency is for the female nude body to be more highly regarded and represented (Carnagie, P. Saari, and A. Saari 235). Since the first days of photography, the nude was a source of inspiration for those that adopted the new medium. Most of the early images have been closely guarded or surreptitiously circulated, on account of social norms of the time. At that time, prostitutes tended to model for these photographs. Today, the images of the human body are often, especially in advertising for the wide variety of products and services, those of the female body (<a href=\"http://pediaview.com/openpedia/Depictions_of_nudity\" target=\"new\">pediaview.com)</a>.\r\n\r\nThe Sistine Chapel ceilings are thought of as a thing of beauty. Many Christian believers that journey to the Vatican Chapel are inspired by its magnificent creativity and magnitude. The reception of today verses that of yester year varies little some individuals feel that nudity has no place in the church but others feel that this is where it all began with the Creation of Man. The Chapel is seen as the sacred vessel in which it is and proper attire is required to gain admission. Various websites urge tourists and visitors to arrive early to avoid the long lines that tend to occur due to many the marvel at the work of art. There are hundreds of tourists visiting the Chapel and other Vatican Museums at any given time, so one could easily see overcrowding while visiting.\r\n\r\nMy personal reaction to this work is that it is a masterpiece. In a world where nudity is seen as a form of taboo in Michelangelo’s era the human anatomy was beautiful. Every line of the human anatomy in his art told a story whether it was stress or joy it stood for something. According to Fiero:\r\n\r\nIn the Creation of Adam, God and Man equal in size and muscular grace confront each other like partners in the divine plan. Adam reaches longingly toward God, seeking the moment of fulfillment, when God will charge his languid body with celestial energy. If the image depicts Creation, it is also a metaphor for the Renaissance belief in the potential divinity of humankind—the visual analogue of Pico\'s Oration on the Dignity of Man (ch.17).\r\n\r\nI believe, nothing in this work is taken out of context or taken to the extreme the visual focus is on the entire work not the nudity. In The Bible nudity in the beginning was norm until the “Fall of Man”, it was then that we as humans began to desire the need for coverings or clothes.\r\n\r\nMichelangelo, who is known for his creativity like the paintings on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, has other works that are comparable or that supersede others. One that he is best known for is the sculpture of David. This tall towering marble sculpture also embodies the sheer inspiration the Michelangelo felt for the human body as does the fresco ceiling paintings. Michelangelo was a master sculptor and painter. Biography taken from a How stuff works.com article states that:\r\n\r\nMichelangelo was inspired by the works of antiquity and his own religious faith, Michelangelo created some of the most remarkable sculptures in history. His obsession with physical beauty and the nude male form influenced much of his work, and his sculptures, paintings, and buildings continue to inspire and awe art-lovers today (1).\r\n\r\nThe statue of David is typical of Michelangelo\'s work large and grand in statue. Like the Sistine Chapel ceilings the statue has been reproduced many times. Michelangelo’s David has become one of the most recognized works. The statue has become a symbol of both strength and youthful human beauty.\r\n\r\nThe Sistine Chapel ceiling artistry remains most significant for future generations, because it shows how the world was formed, how we came in to existence, and the downfall and final judgment of man. The preservation of the Sistine Chapel ceilings masterpiece will also give future generations hope and provide a guide to understand that God is all-knowing and omnipresent. Though you may not be able to see Him, God is there and the church will remain the structural center for all Christian believers.\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n<h2 align=\"center\"></h2>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p align=\"center\">Works Cited</p>\r\n\"Michelangelo.\" Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 04 Sep. 2012.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">http://www.britannica.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/EBchecked/topic/379957/Michelangelo</span>\r\n\r\n\"Michelangelo\"  21 August 2007.  HowStuffWorks.com. &lt;http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/arts/artwork/michelangelo.htm&gt;  22 September 2012.\r\n\r\n\"Michelangelo Buonarroti.\" Renaissance and Reformation Reference Library. Ed. Julie L. Carnagie, Peggy Saari, and Aaron Saari. Vol. 4: Vol. 2: Biographies. Detroit: UXL, 2002. 232-241. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 30 Aug. 2012.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://go.galegroup.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX3426300080&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=GVRL&amp;sw=w\">http://go.galegroup.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX3426300080&amp;v=2.1&amp;u=txshracd2487&amp;it=r&amp;p=GVRL&amp;sw=w</a>\r\n\r\nWallace, William E.. Michelangelo : The Artist, the Man and his Times. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. Ebook Library. Web. 30 Aug. 2012.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.austincc.eblib.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=803215\">http://www.austincc.eblib.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=803215</a>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/?period=08®ion=eusts</span>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.myspace.com/michelangelo_buonarroti\">http://www.myspace.com/michelangelo_buonarroti#</a>!\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://maps.thefullwiki.org/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling\">http://maps.thefullwiki.org/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling</a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://pediaview.com/openpedia/Depictions_of_nudity\">http://pediaview.com/openpedia/Depictions_of_nudity</a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignudo\">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignudo</a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.boerner.net/jboerner/?p=20068\">http://www.boerner.net/jboerner/?p=20068</a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/m/michelan/3sistina/index.html\">http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/m/michelan/3sistina/index.html</a>','The Sistine Chapel Ceilings','','inherit','open','open','','2558-revision-9','','','2012-10-01 10:43:33','2012-10-01 16:43:33','',2558,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2681',0,'revision','',0),(2687,1,'2012-09-24 13:54:21','2012-09-24 19:54:21','[caption id=\"attachment_2502\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"257\"]<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/hernan.jpg\"><img class=\"size-full wp-image-2502\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/hernan.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"257\" height=\"300\" /></a> Hernan Cortes and Montezuma II[/caption]\r\n\r\nhttp://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/media/92413/Hernan-Cortes-with-Montezuma-II\r\n\r\nSince the beginning of time, art has reflected beliefs, culture, lifestyles, and fashion of its period. I never cared much for history but doing this project has created a whole new meaning of art for me. In studying history, I can learn more about today and what tomorrow might bring. I chose to study the <em>Letters from Mexico</em> (1519-1524) by Hernan Cortes. His letters account for his conquest to Mexico and the conquering of the Aztec Empire. After disobeying orders, Cortes sets out to explore modern day Mexico and kind of accidentally stumbles upon this beautiful, advanced, flourishing empire. With help from local allies, Cortes defeats the Aztecs and puts Spain in control of the vast land from the Caribbean Sea to the Pacific Ocean. He writes the letters to King Charles V of Spain telling him his story.<em> Letters from Mexico</em> by Hernan Cortes should be preserved because of the historical context, cultural context of the Aztec Empire, and because it is one of the only accounts that we have of what happened in that time. It marks a very important time in history of the colonization of the west, the personality of a conquistador, details of the mysterious Aztec Empire, reflects Christian attitudes and beliefs of that time, and lifestyle and rule in Spain.<!--more-->\r\n\r\n<em>Letters from Mexico</em> was not a typical piece from its era. Exploration was just beginning in the west. While Spain was conquering new lands, the Renaissance was at its peak in Italy. Classical Humanists embraced Greco-Roman classics and were devoted to studying and imitating them. This new culture was more secular than religious. “They regarded Classical authority not exclusively as a means of clarifying Christian truths, but as the basis for a new appraisal of the role of the individual in the world order,” says Fiero. Leonardo Da Vinci, one of the great artists of the High Renaissance, completed famous works such as <em>The Last Supper</em>. This world-famous painting was one of a kind and changed art techniques for centuries to come. Da Vinci applied classical art principles to the representation of Christian subjects. Renaissance artist began studying the mechanics of the human body, balance, using three dimensions rather than two, perfecting oil painting, making art in monumental size, heroic characteristics, and scientific laws of perspective. A lot of art at this time was similar to Da Vinci’s<em> The Last Suppe</em>r. Artists used Christian subjects and displayed religious scenes but used human figures to represent famous names. Not only paintings but large sculptures were popular artist trends.<em> Letters from Mexico</em> is very innovative and unusual for its time. When the letters were published in Spain, people were very interested and excited about them. Exploration in the west was just beginning and civilization was progressing. The letters were different from normal visual works of art because they were literary. Hernan Cortes told wild stories about the Aztec Empire and his time in the new world full of lavish gold; a completely different style of living than that of modern day Spain. I think it caught people’s attention and introduced them to new cultures other than the famous Greek or Roman.\r\nOne piece that is similar to <em>Letters from Mexico</em> is <em>The Prince.</em> Machiavelli, a famous philosopher, became known as Europe’s first political scientist. His popular little book, <em>The Prince</em>, called for the unification of Italy under a powerful and courageous leader. The leader he described must be ruthless and sacrifice moral virtue in the interest of the state. Machiavelli’s has a negative view of humanity pinning them as thankless, fickle, greedy, and dishonest. A lot of what Machiavelli described sounds exactly like the personality of Hernan Cortes. Machiavelli’s Prince is a lot smarter than Cortes and keeps power as well as a good reputation. I think these two pieces relate to each other because of the parts the main characters play. Hernan Cortes is a very greedy and egotistical explorer who actually disobeys rules from Spain on continuing with an expedition. He defends himself from a powerful empire battling his way to victory. In <em>The Prince</em>, “armed force as the ultimate sanction of political power, the ruthless suppression of dangerous enemies and the establishment of authority through fear rather than love, the use of deceit, careful economy rather than lavish expenditure- all these Machiavelli cites as necessary to the founder of a new state.” Both of these pieces are very political rather than secular or religious like other major artworks of their time. I think both of them went against the typical Monarchist policies of government at that time making them uncommon and alike.\r\nCortes’ letters were published to the public so everyone could read the first-hand account of the conquering of grand Aztec Empire. According to Pahl, the letters were action packed and real page turners. The public was so eager to know what was going on worlds away. Cortes “went on to great wealth and power.” (Mee.) Cortes appointed himself governor without permission from King Charles V. Cortes was careless, greedy, and irresponsible in his decisions. After being appointed governor Cortes left to explore what is now modern day Honduras. King Charles grew suspicious of Cortes and sent a bureaucrat named Luis Ponce de Leon to investigate. Luis died immediately and Cortes was charged with murder, rumor is he was poisoned. Cortes’ fifth letter was banned in Spain and his reputation was declining rapidly. People didn’t like Cortes’ decisions and he was being punished for it. Someone can’t rebel against the King and the public be aware it. I think that is why the letters were banned and Cortes was dealt with in a private manner. Cortes lived the rest of his life on his land in Mexico with his wife. He had no leadership in the new world and Spain continued to govern it.\r\nThere are a lot of mixed emotions about the <em>Letters from Mexico</em>. Their authenticity and credibility is doubted by many scholars. Pahl suggests Cortes is cocky and over exaggerates a lot of his takeover and what actually occurred. Yes, he conquered a gigantic empire but it is said he was ruthless, destructive, and it was similar to a massacre. Cortes went around “destroying traditional Mexican religious artifacts as it definitely impeded their attempts at a peaceful conversion.” (Pahl.) Anthony Pagden discusses how Cortes seeks to reinforce his authority and his reputation in his letters. Some scholars don’t even look at his letters of literary importance but just historical. Cortes didn’t have a very good reputation back then and he doesn’t at this time either. I personally feel Cortes ruined an empire that Spain could have learned a lot from. He was the leader and held all power and authority. I think his personal decisions and desires made a mess of the whole situation. He destroyed the Aztecs entire city because of their religious beliefs, who knows what he did with a lot of the gold, I know some of it went back to Spain when he was tried for murder, and he wasn’t a good leader and didn’t secure some type of government when the empire was defeated. Thousands of natives died and it was the end to an advanced and flourishing culture that could have helped progression in that era. I think Cortes greedily set out behind the kings back and stumbled upon an empire that was unstable and destroyed it. He manipulated Indians and locals into supporting him and then savagely killed thousands. Who knows what really happened? This is the account of a conceded and egotistical conquistador.\r\n<em>Letters from Mexico</em> holds great historical importance making it unique and very innovative. There was a lot of Spanish and Portuguese exploration going on in the new world so empires could expand. What makes it so unique is his conquering of the Aztec empire giving Spain control of modern day Mexico. This was a huge accomplishment for Spain in the settling and colonizing of the Americas. It also made way for the present day. Colonization in the west created the nation we have today. Although I may disagree with Hernan Cortes’ decisions and opinions, he did make history and history made today. His letters hold a lot of historical importance in learning about different cultures of the world. What is most significant about this work is the historical context and cultural context. His account and a few others in his army are the only knowledge that we have of what happened at that time. It is very important these letters are preserved so we know about a beautiful culture that was lost in the process of one being made.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p align=\"center\">Works Cited</p>\r\nFiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup> ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.\r\n\r\nGatt-Rutter, John. \"The Prince (Il Principe) Prose by Niccolò Machiavelli, 1532 (Written 1513).\" <em>Reference Guide to World Literature</em>. Ed. Sara Pendergast and Tom Pendergast. 3rd ed. Vol. 2: Works. Detroit: St. James Press, 2003. 1466-1467. <em>Gale Virtual Reference Library</em>. Web. 23 Sep. 2012.\r\n\r\nRalph Hammond, Innes. \"Cortés, Hernán, Marqués Del Valle De Oaxaca.\" <em>Britannica Biographies</em> (2012): 1. <em>MasterFILE Premier</em>. Web. 23 Sept. 2012.\r\n\r\nMee, Charles L., Jr. \"That fateful moment when two civilizations came face to face.\"<em>Smithsonian</em> Oct. 1992: 56+. <em>Gale World History In Context</em>. Web. 23 Sep. 2012.\r\n\r\nPahl, Ron H. \"A Book Review Of The Very First Historical Mexican Classic: Hernan Cortes. Letters From Mexico.\" <em>Social Studies</em> 101.6 (2010): 232. <em>MasterFILE Premier</em>. Web. 23 Sept. 2012.\r\n\r\n\"Introduction.\" <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Novels for Students</span>. Vol. 9. Gale Cengage, .<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">eNotes.com</span>. 23 Sep, 2012 <a href=\"http://www.enotes.com/prince/\">http://www.enotes.com/prince/</a>\r\n\r\n\"Cortés, Hernán - Introduction.\" <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Literary Criticism (1400-1800)</span>. Ed. Jennifer Allison Brostrom. Vol. 31. Gale Cengage, 1996. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">eNotes.com</span>. 23 Sep, 2012 &lt;http://www.enotes.com/hernan-cortes-criticism/cortes-hernan/introduction&gt;','Letters from Mexico by Hernan Cortes','','inherit','open','open','','2414-revision-23','','','2012-09-24 13:54:21','2012-09-24 19:54:21','',2414,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2687',0,'revision','',0),(2688,1,'2012-09-24 13:52:01','2012-09-24 19:52:01','The mayan book of creation is a text that orginated in mesoamerica. At the time of its conception it was a large collection of codices and oral stories that later were transcribed into to one large text in order to keep it alive.<!--more-->\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">The Mayan book of creationism, The Popol Vuh, was formally written down in 1554, during the time of Spanish occupation of their homelands (Christenson 38). This is during the time that new world had been discovered and many countries began exploring these untouched lands with strange aboriginals and Customs. However, on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean, Europe was undergoing a cultural and intellectual Renaissance. The Art of the time was based on conveying the most realistic interpretations of life through the medium (Fiero section 17). The literature that was being produced during the renaissance represented the growing intellectualism of the people of Europe and often focused on the natural world and the laws the define it (Fiero). Leonardo Da Vinci is one notable artisan from the European renaissance, and is most know for his very detailed oriented and descriptive style. Da Vinci wrote about the mechanics of flight and the standardization of mechanical parts (Fiero b3), which shows that he was studying nature in its most principle form even without being a to mathematical calculate everything. Leonardo works also include detailed anatomical drawings which were considered the most descriptive of his time (Fiero b3). The Works of the renaissance era can be said to incorporate the spirit of science in its earliest development, this is quite the contrast to the spiritual writings of the Popol Vuh</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">The Literary work of the Popol Vuh has several unusual features to it. The Book was the only religious text that was written down, since the Mayans were the only culture that had a writing system (Christenson 33). Even though other Mesoamerica cultures used hieroglyphs to record events, the Mayan hieroglyphs were a phonetic script which means that they didn’t describe pictorial events but allowed the capability of recording any thoughts the Mayans may have had (Christenson 20). This feature is Very important when analyzing the Popol Vuh because it conveys the advanced intellectual thought of the Mayan people, even though they were deemed to be “ Lazy and childlike” by the Spanish conquistadores (Carlsen &amp; Prechtel 38). The other unique thing about this work is that in Mayan beliefs, when one reads a script (such as the Popol Vuh), it is as if you are giving a living voice to the original author, and you must ask for forgiveness for disturbing them and hold reverence for their spirit (Christenson 17). So as one reads the Popol Vuh, they must be aware of these Mayan traditions about the practice of reading them, so that they don’t upset the ancient spirits that created it.</p>\r\nDuring the time of its original transcription in 1554 (Christenson 38), It was considered by Fray Diego de Landa to be “lies of the of the devil” (Barnett 1). Because of this he set forth to burn every Mayan text he could find so that the spiritual traditions of the Mayan people could be wiped out (1). However with the widespread distaste and criticism of the Mayan beliefs by the Spanish, They ultimately failed in their Conquest of pre-Columbian Mayan culture since the Mayans showed a ‘fierce resistance to the acculturation’ and developed methods of cultural adaption to insure the survival of these beliefs (PDF 38).\r\nThe Perception of Mayan culture and the Popol Vuh by people outside of academics is generally fascination, due to the intriguing and mystical past of the Mayans (Barnett 2). However most Mayan enthusiast have not actually read the Popol Vuh (2), So the work would be considered second to the other Mayan relics such as their remaining architecture and art. This does not discredit the work though, and just shows that the Popol Vuh’s influence on Mayan architecture and art makes them much of what they are. The renewed general interest in Mayanism after the Spanish attempts to thwart it stems from the copies that the missionary Francisco Ximenez and later Carl Scherzer made (Barnett 1). The copy that Ximenez made is important because it came from the original 16th transcription of the Popol Vuh that was guarded by the peoples of Quiche heritage (Christenson 40). The transcription was made in two copies one in the native Quiche language that was used by the Mayans, and in Spanish (40). Then in 1800’s Carl Scherzer, an Austrian traveler, discovered the two copies and had made a new copy of the two entirely in Spanish (40). With this new copy he brought it back to Europe where it was officially published for the first time (40). The Popol Vuh gained new audiences amongst the people of Europe and America since they had a growing interest in ancient cultures (40). There has also been analysis on contemporary Anthropological literature that shows the people of the Mayan highlands are among the most studied ethnic groups in the world (Carlsen &amp; Prechtel 23). A lot of the literature also came from the Harvard Chiapas studies in that area as well (23). It can be concluded that since the publishment of Scherzer’s copy of the Popol Vuh, that has been an increased modern interest in the Mayan text and way of life.\r\nAfter reading the Popol Vuh, I have grown very fond of many of its features and stories. The re-occurring them of resurrection and rebirth in the Popol Vuh is very important to me because I have similar beliefs in the cyclic nature of life and this is stressed a many times within the work. The western belief of the linear progression of life with exact terminal ends is contrasted against the idea of new life springing from the death of the old. The Mayans practice of naming the grandchildren after the grandparents is an excellent example of the life sprouting from death (Carlsen &amp; Prechtel 28). The Popol Vuh also explains in narrative that the “Earth God” is of more importance than any other deity (Christenson 36). This co-insides with my environmental beliefs and allows me to relate to the Mayans fondness of the earth.\r\nAround the time of the 16th century transcription of the Popol Vuh, the Invention of the Gutenberg press in Europe changed the nature of literature forever. The Press allowed the rapid production of manuscripts and led the increased availability of texts and an increased literacy in Europe. One of the most notable texts to be made on the press was the Gutenberg bible. This allowed widespread availability of religious texts to the many people of the world and technologically charged Christianity. The rapid production and availability of the Bible during this time is a stark contrast to the nearly forgotten and hidden text of the Popol Vuh. The Popol Vuh didn’t receive publishment until the 1800’s, so its audience was limited to the remaining ancestors of the Mayan people that were only able to pass it one orally and with partial scripts of the Popol Vuh. The bible was also used as tool to subject the Mesoamerican people but the many missionary’s attempts to of destroying the Popol Vuh and replacing it with the bible; the Popol Vuh survived to this day.\r\nIn my opinion the most important feature of the Popol Vuh for future generations would be the many philosophies of life and death that Popol Vuh entertains the reader with. This I find very important for the future children of this earth because they may be only introduced into the religious dogma of Christianity and feel as if their entire life is sin. But in the Popol Vuh it stresses the influence of both light and shadow on our life and to be fully human we must integrate both into our life.\r\n\r\nBarnett, Charles R. Popol Vuh of the Jaguar Priests. Los Alamos, NM:\r\nExceptional, 1993. Print.\r\n\r\nChristenson, Allen J. Popol Vuh. Winchester, U.K.: O, 2003. Print.<!--more-->','Popol Vuh The Mayan Book of Creation','','inherit','open','open','','2478-revision-6','','','2012-09-24 13:52:01','2012-09-24 19:52:01','',2478,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2688',0,'revision','',0),(2689,1,'2012-10-09 19:28:39','2012-10-10 01:28:39','The mayan book of creation is a text that orginated in mesoamerica. At the time of its conception it was a large collection of codices and oral stories that later were transcribed into to one large text in order to keep it alive.<!--more-->\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">The Mayan book of creationism, The Popol Vuh, was formally written down in 1554, during the time of Spanish occupation of their homelands (Christenson 38). This is during the time that new world had been discovered and many countries began exploring these untouched lands with strange aboriginals and Customs. However, on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean, Europe was undergoing a cultural and intellectual Renaissance. The Art of the time was based on conveying the most realistic interpretations of life through the medium (Fiero section 17). The literature that was being produced during the renaissance represented the growing intellectualism of the people of Europe and often focused on the natural world and the laws the define it (Fiero). Leonardo Da Vinci is one notable artisan from the European renaissance, and is most know for his very detailed oriented and descriptive style. Da Vinci wrote about the mechanics of flight and the standardization of mechanical parts (Fiero b3), which shows that he was studying nature in its most principle form even without being a to mathematical calculate everything. Leonardo works also include detailed anatomical drawings which were considered the most descriptive of his time (Fiero b3). The Works of the renaissance era can be said to incorporate the spirit of science in its earliest development, this is quite the contrast to the spiritual writings of the Popol Vuh</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">The Literary work of the Popol Vuh has several unusual features to it. The Book was the only religious text that was written down, since the Mayans were the only culture that had a writing system (Christenson 33). Even though other Mesoamerica cultures used hieroglyphs to record events, the Mayan hieroglyphs were a phonetic script which means that they didn’t describe pictorial events but allowed the capability of recording any thoughts the Mayans may have had (Christenson 20). This feature is Very important when analyzing the Popol Vuh because it conveys the advanced intellectual thought of the Mayan people, even though they were deemed to be “ Lazy and childlike” by the Spanish conquistadores (Carlsen &amp; Prechtel 38). The other unique thing about this work is that in Mayan beliefs, when one reads a script (such as the Popol Vuh), it is as if you are giving a living voice to the original author, and you must ask for forgiveness for disturbing them and hold reverence for their spirit (Christenson 17). So as one reads the Popol Vuh, they must be aware of these Mayan traditions about the practice of reading them, so that they don’t upset the ancient spirits that created it.</p>\r\nDuring the time of its original transcription in 1554 (Christenson 38), It was considered by Fray Diego de Landa to be “lies of the of the devil” (Barnett 1). Because of this he set forth to burn every Mayan text he could find so that the spiritual traditions of the Mayan people could be wiped out (1). However with the widespread distaste and criticism of the Mayan beliefs by the Spanish, They ultimately failed in their Conquest of pre-Columbian Mayan culture since the Mayans showed a ‘fierce resistance to the acculturation’ and developed methods of cultural adaption to insure the survival of these beliefs (PDF 38).\r\n\r\nThe Perception of Mayan culture and the Popol Vuh by people outside of academics is generally fascination, due to the intriguing and mystical past of the Mayans (Barnett 2). However most Mayan enthusiast have not actually read the Popol Vuh (2), So the work would be considered second to the other Mayan relics such as their remaining architecture and art. This does not discredit the work though, and just shows that the Popol Vuh’s influence on Mayan architecture and art makes them much of what they are. The renewed general interest in Mayanism after the Spanish attempts to thwart it stems from the copies that the missionary Francisco Ximenez and later Carl Scherzer made (Barnett 1). The copy that Ximenez made is important because it came from the original 16th transcription of the Popol Vuh that was guarded by the peoples of Quiche heritage (Christenson 40). The transcription was made in two copies one in the native Quiche language that was used by the Mayans, and in Spanish (40). Then in 1800’s Carl Scherzer, an Austrian traveler, discovered the two copies and had made a new copy of the two entirely in Spanish (40). With this new copy he brought it back to Europe where it was officially published for the first time (40). The Popol Vuh gained new audiences amongst the people of Europe and America since they had a growing interest in ancient cultures (40). There has also been analysis on contemporary Anthropological literature that shows the people of the Mayan highlands are among the most studied ethnic groups in the world (Carlsen &amp; Prechtel 23). A lot of the literature also came from the Harvard Chiapas studies in that area as well (23). It can be concluded that since the publishment of Scherzer’s copy of the Popol Vuh, that has been an increased modern interest in the Mayan text and way of life.\r\n\r\nAfter reading the Popol Vuh, I have grown very fond of many of its features and stories. The re-occurring them of resurrection and rebirth in the Popol Vuh is very important to me because I have similar beliefs in the cyclic nature of life and this is stressed a many times within the work. The western belief of the linear progression of life with exact terminal ends is contrasted against the idea of new life springing from the death of the old. The Mayans practice of naming the grandchildren after the grandparents is an excellent example of the life sprouting from death (Carlsen &amp; Prechtel 28). The Popol Vuh also explains in narrative that the “Earth God” is of more importance than any other deity (Christenson 36). This co-insides with my environmental beliefs and allows me to relate to the Mayans fondness of the earth.\r\n\r\nAround the time of the 16th century transcription of the Popol Vuh, the Invention of the Gutenberg press in Europe changed the nature of literature forever. The Press allowed the rapid production of manuscripts and led the increased availability of texts and an increased literacy in Europe. One of the most notable texts to be made on the press was the Gutenberg bible. This allowed widespread availability of religious texts to the many people of the world and technologically charged Christianity. The rapid production and availability of the Bible during this time is a stark contrast to the nearly forgotten and hidden text of the Popol Vuh. The Popol Vuh didn’t receive publishment until the 1800’s, so its audience was limited to the remaining ancestors of the Mayan people that were only able to pass it one orally and with partial scripts of the Popol Vuh. The bible was also used as tool to subject the Mesoamerican people but the many missionary’s attempts to of destroying the Popol Vuh and replacing it with the bible; the Popol Vuh survived to this day.\r\n\r\nIn my opinion the most important feature of the Popol Vuh for future generations would be the many philosophies of life and death that Popol Vuh entertains the reader with. This I find very important for the future children of this earth because they may be only introduced into the religious dogma of Christianity and feel as if their entire life is sin. But in the Popol Vuh it stresses the influence of both light and shadow on our life and to be fully human we must integrate both into our life.\r\n\r\nBarnett, Charles R. Popol Vuh of the Jaguar Priests. Los Alamos, NM:\r\nExceptional, 1993. Print.\r\n\r\nChristenson, Allen J. Popol Vuh. Winchester, U.K.: O, 2003. Print.<!--more-->','Popol Vuh The Mayan Book of Creation','','inherit','open','open','','2478-revision-7','','','2012-10-09 19:28:39','2012-10-10 01:28:39','',2478,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2689',0,'revision','',0),(2690,1,'2012-10-09 19:39:19','2012-10-10 01:39:19','The mayan book of creation is a text that orginated in mesoamerica. At the time of its conception it was a large collection of codices and oral stories that later were transcribed into to one large text in order to keep it alive.<!--more-->\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">The Mayan book of creationism, The Popol Vuh, was formally written down in 1554, during the time of Spanish occupation of their homelands (Christenson 38). This is during the time that new world had been discovered and many countries began exploring these untouched lands with strange aboriginals and Customs. However, on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean, Europe was undergoing a cultural and intellectual Renaissance. The Art of the time was based on conveying the most realistic interpretations of life through the medium (Fiero section 17). The literature that was being produced during the renaissance represented the growing intellectualism of the people of Europe and often focused on the natural world and the laws the define it (Fiero). Leonardo Da Vinci is one notable artisan from the European renaissance, and is most know for his very detailed oriented and descriptive style. Da Vinci wrote about the mechanics of flight and the standardization of mechanical parts (Fiero b3), which shows that he was studying nature in its most principle form even without being a to mathematical calculate everything. Leonardo works also include detailed anatomical drawings which were considered the most descriptive of his time (Fiero b3). The Works of the renaissance era can be said to incorporate the spirit of science in its earliest development, this is quite the contrast to the spiritual writings of the Popol Vuh</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">The Literary work of the Popol Vuh has several unusual features to it. The Book was the only religious text that was written down, since the Mayans were the only culture that had a writing system (Christenson 33). Even though other Mesoamerica cultures used hieroglyphs to record events, the Mayan hieroglyphs were a phonetic script which means that they didn’t describe pictorial events but allowed the capability of recording any thoughts the Mayans may have had (Christenson 20). This feature is Very important when analyzing the Popol Vuh because it conveys the advanced intellectual thought of the Mayan people, even though they were deemed to be “ Lazy and childlike” by the Spanish conquistadores (Carlsen &amp; Prechtel 38). The other unique thing about this work is that in Mayan beliefs, when one reads a script (such as the Popol Vuh), it is as if you are giving a living voice to the original author, and you must ask for forgiveness for disturbing them and hold reverence for their spirit (Christenson 17). So as one reads the Popol Vuh, they must be aware of these Mayan traditions about the practice of reading them, so that they don’t upset the ancient spirits that created it.</p>\r\nDuring the time of its original transcription in 1554 (Christenson 38), It was considered by Fray Diego de Landa to be “lies of the of the devil” (Barnett 1). Because of this he set forth to burn every Mayan text he could find so that the spiritual traditions of the Mayan people could be wiped out (1). However with the widespread distaste and criticism of the Mayan beliefs by the Spanish, They ultimately failed in their Conquest of pre-Columbian Mayan culture since the Mayans showed a ‘fierce resistance to the acculturation’ and developed methods of cultural adaption to insure the survival of these beliefs (PDF 38).\r\n\r\nThe Perception of Mayan culture and the Popol Vuh by people outside of academics is generally fascination, due to the intriguing and mystical past of the Mayans (Barnett 2). However most Mayan enthusiast have not actually read the Popol Vuh (2), So the work would be considered second to the other Mayan relics such as their remaining architecture and art. This does not discredit the work though, and just shows that the Popol Vuh’s influence on Mayan architecture and art makes them much of what they are. The renewed general interest in Mayanism after the Spanish attempts to thwart it stems from the copies that the missionary Francisco Ximenez and later Carl Scherzer made (Barnett 1). The copy that Ximenez made is important because it came from the original 16th transcription of the Popol Vuh that was guarded by the peoples of Quiche heritage (Christenson 40). The transcription was made in two copies one in the native Quiche language that was used by the Mayans, and in Spanish (40). Then in 1800’s Carl Scherzer, an Austrian traveler, discovered the two copies and had made a new copy of the two entirely in Spanish (40). With this new copy he brought it back to Europe where it was officially published for the first time (40). The Popol Vuh gained new audiences amongst the people of Europe and America since they had a growing interest in ancient cultures (40). There has also been analysis on contemporary Anthropological literature that shows the people of the Mayan highlands are among the most studied ethnic groups in the world (Carlsen &amp; Prechtel 23). A lot of the literature also came from the Harvard Chiapas studies in that area as well (23). It can be concluded that since the publishment of Scherzer’s copy of the Popol Vuh, that has been an increased modern interest in the Mayan text and way of life.\r\n\r\nAfter reading the Popol Vuh, I have grown very fond of many of its features and stories. The re-occurring them of resurrection and rebirth in the Popol Vuh is very important to me because I have similar beliefs in the cyclic nature of life and this is stressed a many times within the work. The western belief of the linear progression of life with exact terminal ends is contrasted against the idea of new life springing from the death of the old. The Mayans practice of naming the grandchildren after the grandparents is an excellent example of the life sprouting from death (Carlsen &amp; Prechtel 28). The Popol Vuh also explains in narrative that the “Earth God” is of more importance than any other deity (Christenson 36). This co-insides with my environmental beliefs and allows me to relate to the Mayans fondness of the earth.\r\n\r\nAround the time of the 16th century transcription of the Popol Vuh, the Invention of the Gutenberg press in Europe changed the nature of literature forever. The Press allowed the rapid production of manuscripts and led the increased availability of texts and an increased literacy in Europe. One of the most notable texts to be made on the press was the Gutenberg bible. This allowed widespread availability of religious texts to the many people of the world and technologically charged Christianity. The rapid production and availability of the Bible during this time is a stark contrast to the nearly forgotten and hidden text of the Popol Vuh. The Popol Vuh didn’t receive publishment until the 1800’s, so its audience was limited to the remaining ancestors of the Mayan people that were only able to pass it one orally and with partial scripts of the Popol Vuh. The bible was also used as tool to subject the Mesoamerican people but the many missionary’s attempts to of destroying the Popol Vuh and replacing it with the bible; the Popol Vuh survived to this day.\r\n\r\nIn my opinion the most important feature of the Popol Vuh for future generations would be the many philosophies of life and death that Popol Vuh entertains the reader with. This I find very important for the future children of this earth because they may be only introduced into the religious dogma of Christianity and feel as if their entire life is sin. But in the Popol Vuh it stresses the influence of both light and shadow on our life and to be fully human we must integrate both into our life.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nBarnett, Charles R. Popol Vuh of the Jaguar Priests. Los Alamos, NM: Exceptional, 1993. Print.\r\n\r\nThis Text was the text I read the Original translation of the Popol Vuh from. It was a very quick and easy read in which I learned the basic story line of the Popol Vuh and how many of the features in it translate into Mayan cultures.\r\nChristenson, Allen J. Popol Vuh. Winchester, U.K.: O, 2003. Print.\r\n\r\nThis book was much more went much more indepth of the background of the Popol Vuh, and about the translators experiences in the native regions in which the book was written. He talks about the stark difference in what the culture is like now and at the times of Spanish conquest, and how the people’s culture adapted and evolved.\r\n\r\n“The Flowering of the dead: An Interpretation of Highland Mayan Culture” Carlsen &amp; Prechtel University of Colorado at Boulder PDF  http://www.bxscience.edu/ourpages/auto/2012/4/2/43554945/maya-culture%20and%20conquest.pdf\r\n\r\nThis PDF was very helpful in understanding the Quiche people from the perspective of a sociologist and psychologist. There analysis of the Mayan culture before, during, after the Spanish invaded there lands, and how the perception of the people from the world has changed as more research into there culture has been done.','Popol Vuh The Mayan Book of Creation','','inherit','open','open','','2478-revision-8','','','2012-10-09 19:39:19','2012-10-10 01:39:19','',2478,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2690',0,'revision','',0),(2691,57,'2012-10-15 12:01:39','2012-10-15 18:01:39','[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"457\"]<img src=\"http://blog.wegowise.com/Portals/107469/images/versailles%20lawns%20wegowise.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"457\" height=\"291\" /> http://blog.wegowise.com/Portals/107469/images/versailles%20lawns%20wegowise.jpg<br />The Palace of Versailles[/caption]\r\n\r\nBeginning in 1500 the world was increasingly innovative. The Scientific Revolution was taking off alongside the Protestant and Catholic Reformations. People were starting to think for themselves without the leadership of the church and state. In the mid-late 1600s the Enlightenment sprang up which offered new philosophical ideas about science, religion, and government. Regardless of these new trends though, in France King Louis the 14<sup>th</sup> took power and changed France to an Absolute Monarchy, meaning not even the church was above him. King Louis the 14<sup>th</sup> began the process which would ultimately lead to his citizens rising up and taking the government over. In 1788 the French government went bankrupt after aiding the United States in their revolution on top of all the construction on the palace, and in 1789 the French revolution began (Fiero).\r\n\r\n<!--more-->\r\n\r\nThe Palace of Versailles truly is a magnificent piece of art. Located in Versailles, France, the palace and its gardens took up 37,000 acres of land (Link Paris). The initial building phase was constructed in 1624, and it was a hunting lodge for King Louis the 13<sup>th</sup>. But what was to come over the next 150 years was breathtaking. The Palace of Versailles went through about 5 architects and designers, and there were 3 main building phases. The Palace of Versailles should be preserved because it not only is a piece of art, but it is also an important historical site.\r\n\r\nThe palace while very astonishing, had some typical pieces. The palace was designed by using a popular art trend called Baroque, meaning very ornate and grand designs. Fiero says, “…in combination with a taste for spatial grandeur, dramatic contrast, and theatrical display, were the distinguishing features of the Classical Baroque Style (Fiero).”\r\n\r\nWhat makes the Palace of Versailles so innovative is the scale of the design. The land area of the whole palace including the garden was half the size of Paris (Fiero). The palace itself was home to every member of the government; the courts and their families, the king and his whole family, servants and gardeners. There were apartments as part of the palace; there was also a theatre, zoo, mini palaces, a cathedral, and court houses. The garden itself was on 7 square miles of land (Fiero). This majestic site has had several attempts at recreation in other countries, but specifics I will mention later.\r\n\r\nAt the time it was built there were 2 very polar responses to the palace. On one side was a frustrated public. The citizens of France were very poor; they lived in one bedroom homes. Seeing the government in such an ornate palace wasn’t a very warm feeling. On the opposite end of the spectrum was the world response to the palace. Many other monarchies’ saw the palace as a symbol of power and wealth, the “French style” became something many countries idolized (Fiero). At the time, there were attempts to copy the palace in Kassel, Stockholm, Vienna, Hungary, Italy, and Spain (IVC).\r\n\r\nToday, the Palace is considered art. Today people view France as snooty, fancy, and high class most likely originating from this building. The French government has since returned art work stolen during the French revolution and continues to preserve Versailles. The palace is now a museum/tourist attraction, and also a government building with government offices. According to the museum there, Versailles receives about 2,400,000 visitors a year, and 70% of that is foreigners (Guardiola). The palace has also been the location of a few key treaty signings in the Hall of Mirrors. In 1783, a treaty was signed ending the American Revolution; in 1871, a treaty was signed ending the Franco- Prussian War; and most famously the palace housed the controversial treaty ending World War 1 in 1919 (Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia). Recently in the United States, a family in Florida attempted to build their own Palace of Versailles, but never finished it (Ortiz).\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"459\"]<img src=\"http://www.visitingdc.com/images/hall-of-mirrors-versailles.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"459\" height=\"269\" /> http://www.visitingdc.com/images/hall-of-mirrors-versailles.jpg<br />The Hall of Mirrors[/caption]\r\n\r\nMy personal reaction to the palace is as polar as the responses at the time. On one side it disgusts me because of the blatant disregard for the citizens, and really the country as a whole. The government form of Absolutism is just ridiculous, as shown by France, and goes against all the Enlightenment ideals of the time. On the other end though, I think the Palace is just magnificent. It is jaw dropping gorgeous, and has been the host to many historical events, both French and Worldly.\r\n\r\nLike the Palace of Versailles, another big build was taking place in India called the Taj Mahal. The Taj Mahal was built as a tomb for Shah Jahan’s favorite wife, a “Monument for Love” (Tasker). There were several similarities between  the two builds. One being the builder. Louis the 14<sup>th</sup> and Shah Jahan both were extremely wealthy and loved luxury; also both rulers used the countries treasury to fund the two projects. The Taj Mahal was finished in 1648. It’s name is from two things, Mahal was her last name and Taj means crown in persain but to the muslims it was a conical hat so that’s why the main building is a dome. The jewels were put in to show nobility and prestige (Tasker). The building shows the wealth of the Mughuls, or as Tasker puts it, “…the splendor of the Mughal Empire… (Tasker).” This makes it like the Palace of Versailles also because the Palace symbolized French power and wealth.\r\n\r\nThere are a few significant things that future generations can take from the Palace of Versailles. They can take it as a lesson of not being selfish, because it will eventually bounce back on you. But they can also use it as a guide for 1600s-1700s art and architecture. The Baroque style that France perfecting, the fountains in the garden, the sculptures, the paintings, everything is one big culture lesson. Also, just thinking that in that palace wars were ended is a pretty cool thought. The Palace really should continue to be preserved as close to the 1700s model as possible because it is just so key to history and art.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Works Cited</span>\r\n\r\nFiero, Gloria K. <em>The Humanistic Tradition</em>. Vol 2. Books 3-6. 6<sup>th</sup> ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. eBook. McGraw-Hill’s Connect. 2011. Web. Fall 2012.\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>I used the textbook for most of the specific information about the Palace and historical context.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\"Linkparis.com.\" <em>Palace of Versailles History</em>. N.p.. Web. 15 Oct 2012. &lt;http://www.linkparis.com/versailles.htm&gt;.\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>I used Link Paris to get some sizes of the Palace specifically.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nOrtiz, Erik. \"New York Daily News.\" . N.p., 18 2012. Web. 15 Oct 2012. &lt;http://articles.nydailynews.com/2012-07-18/news/32734415_1_versailles-documentary-timeshare-tycoon&gt;.\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li> Used Ortiz’s story for my paragraph discussing how people today precieve the Palace.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nTasker, Shane. “Taj Mahal: Monument To Love.” <em>World &amp; 1</em> 23.1 (2008): 8. <em>MAS Ultra- School Edition</em>. Web. 8 oct. 2012.\r\n\r\n\"The Palace of Versailles and its gardens.\" . Art History at Irvine Valley College. Web. 15 Oct 2012.\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>I used this for my whole paragraph comparing Versailles to the Taj Mahal.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\"Versailles, Treaty Of.\" <em>Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6Th Edition</em> (2011): 1. <em>MAS Ultra - School Edition</em>. Web. 15 Oct. 2012.\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>I used this encyclopedia source to get the dates of the Treaties that were signed at Versailles.</li>\r\n</ul>','The Palace of Versailles in Versailles, France','','publish','open','open','','the-palace-of-versailles-in-versailles-france','','','2012-10-15 14:43:25','2012-10-15 20:43:25','',0,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2691',0,'post','',10),(2692,66,'2012-10-15 12:13:38','2012-10-15 18:13:38','<div>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/0.jpg\"><img class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-2710\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/0-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /></a>\r\n\r\nDon Giovanni\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWolfgang Amadeus Mozart\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nOctober 29, 1787\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nMozart created an astounding piece of art with <em>Don Giovanni</em>, with its blend of comedic elements with morality and the eventual fate of the antagonist not only makes for a good story based around the story of <em>Don Juan</em>, but the score is what makes it arguably one of the best operas of all time. Thus, to its credit, the story has made great subject matter for many writers and philosophers. <em>Don Giovanni</em> should be preserved because the prospect of human nature and human morality created by the antagonist, Don Giovanni, sets up very contemplative and debatable subject matter and that it is considered to be one of the most unique and highly respective operas of all time not only for its music, but also for its story.\r\n\r\n<!--more-->\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nSet is Spain, <em>Don Giovanni</em> is a two act opera centered around  the man Don Giovanni; a young, arrogant, sexually promiscuous man who antagonizes an abuses those around him, \"...an impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\" as stated by Classical.net best describes.  Until finally  he eventually meets his fate as he is dragged down to hell by a statue of a man he slayed. This work is unique to itself as it was done by the young Mozart which tells a story through a two act opera. Such was the time that Mozart was considered a genius and a revolutionary in the performing arts. Although vastly considered as a comedy, it is more a blend of comedy, melodrama and supernatural elements.  In an article by Yahoo! Voices, \"Christian Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this  renowned composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally  great in the comic as in the tragic.\", which is no less true of <em>Don Giovanni.</em>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nAs a innovative work, <em>Don Giovanni</em> was unique for it\'s short length and it\'s simple message. At the time of it\'s creation, it followed Mozart\'s earlier opera, The Marriage of Figaro, so it\'s no surprise to any that it was successful since by this time Mozart was a well known composer.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nThe modern artistic audience of today still greatly appreciate this work and is globally ranked in the top 10 \"must-see\" operas of the world but multiple websites. As being one of Mozart\'s best known works, it is respectfully kept the same by many conductors and composers, Though there have been a handful that have made some slight additions or variations to the work itself. Mozart has always known to be a great composer and his works have been enjoyed by all the generations after him.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nNot knowing much of anything about the composition of music, I do appreciate it\'s complexity and it\'s fitment into the story, thus making it an opera. I find the story to be insightful and particularly relevant. A selfish egotistical man who spent his life hurting others for his own benefit, eventually falls victim to his own deeds  and is dragged down to hell. I find this relevant because selfishness is human nature, and every person is capable of the same actions as Don Giovanni. We often forget the basic laws of nature in that every action has a reaction and that they often find their way back to us. Whether you believe in heaven or hell, there is no excuse not to be a decent, civilized person. Thus, the portrayal of Don being pulled down to hell by the Commendatore, be it literal or not, is something that should be a reminder to not overstep our bounds with one another with the intention of coming out on top.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWith only a year difference, Mozart composed both<em> The Marriage of Figaro</em> and <em>Don Giovanni</em>, and for the sake of simplicity, to compare and contrast the works of the same composer, it\'s best to have the mindset that it\'s not about the score of the opera, but the choice of the story he wished to convey the music through.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nIn comparison, Mozart did substantially well with both his works. Both are well known and highly regarded operas with a successful score and moral plot to the story line. Though not neither were an original story, their presentation and adaptation into an opera male them both still enjoyable to any audience .\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nIn contrast <em>The Marriage of Figaro</em> is a continuation of another story, <em>The Barber of Seville</em>, what we\'d call today to be a sequel. It also contrasts with <em>Don Giovanni</em> in that it is a much longer opera. Having four acts instead of Don Giovanni\'s two, <em>The Marriage of Figaro</em> is purely more of a comedy versus <em>Don Giovanni</em> as a melodramatic comedy.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nTo make my earlier point  more detailed, the most significant idea of the story, one that future generations should be aware of is the basic flaw of our own selfish tendencies, and actions we take regarding them. It\'s a testament to  how easy it is to do as we please without considerations to those around us. This work is an extreme example of the selfishness and disregard by a man that brought his own demise. This story has a message that\'s relevant to all of us, and we should be aware of our thoughts and actions everyday. God-fearing or not, there\'s not excuse to not act like a decent human being. Columbia.edu puts it best, \"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nAs a final analysis, <em>Don Giovanni</em> is a two act opera centered a selfish, womanizing man who sees only to benefit himself, and disregard the feelings of those around him. As is the fate of many like him, he is pulled down to hell for his refusal to repent for his crimes.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nThis particular TCP was especially difficult. How do you convey music through words? May only response would be that you cannot, you must listen for yourself. The story, however, was easy to explain. It had a simple plot that drove a single point effortlessly. The thing that has helped write this proposal the most would be what I have seen in my lifetime of people who\'ve acted selfishly and karma returned the favor. It\'s not an easy thing to miss, it\'s a cultural thing now, so much so I could write books and rants and still have not said enough about the subject. But let it be known that this work, at it\'s core, serves a good message to people willing to accept it.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div></div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWorks Cited:\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nPhoto: From the film Sherlock Holmes: Game of Shadows\r\n\r\nhttp://i.ytimg.com/vi/t_nHeThpfLw/0.jpg\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni.\" Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.classical.net/music/recs/reviews/n/nxs60080a.php&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"...an  impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nBrode, Alyssa. \"Synopsis and Historical Context of Mozart\'s \'Don Giovanni\'\" Yahoo! Contributor Network.  Yahoo Contributer Network, 15 Nov. 2011. Web. 15 Oct. 2012.  &lt;http://voices.yahoo.com/synopsis-historical-context-mozarts-don-giovanni-10428675.html&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nChristian  Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this renowned  composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally great in  the comic as in the tragic.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n NYC Opera, comp. \"Mozart: Don Giovanni.\" New York City Opera Project: Don Giovanni (n.d.): n. pag. Mozart: Don Giovanni. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.columbia.edu/itc/music/NYCO/dongiovanni/synopsis.html&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>','Mozart\'s Don Giovanni','','publish','open','open','','mozarts-don-giovanni','','','2012-10-15 14:36:52','2012-10-15 20:36:52','',0,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2692',0,'post','',10),(3382,77,'2013-09-28 21:57:53','2013-09-29 03:57:53','','the-birth-of-venus-1485(1)','','inherit','open','open','','the-birth-of-venus-14851','','','2013-09-28 21:57:53','2013-09-29 03:57:53','',3381,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/the-birth-of-venus-14851.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(3384,1,'2013-09-29 09:43:48','2013-09-29 15:43:48','<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/the-birth-of-venus-14851.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-3382\" style=\"border-style: initial; border-color: initial; cursor: default; border-width: 0px;\" alt=\"the-birth-of-venus-1485(1)\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/the-birth-of-venus-14851-300x200.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" /></a></p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Sandro Botticelli’s “The Birth of Venus”</strong></p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http://mmmnoodles.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/botticelli-birth-venus.jpg\">http://mmmnoodles.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/botticelli-birth-venus.jpg</a></p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Sandro Botticelli (1445-1510) was an Italian painter of the early Renaissance and was known for assisting with fresco painting, and what he’s best known for, the Birth of Venus that he painted for ruler and master poet Lorenzo de’ Medici. Also according to web source, The Biography Channel, “Botticelli was also himself a master and contributed to the decoration the Sistine Chapel.” But his most famous is the Birth of Venus (1483), the first large-scale tempera on canvas there was in the early Renaissance. Botticelli used naturalism and realism and his own techniques making his work more luxurious and loud. The Birth of Venus is a rare masterpiece that has remained classic and is one of the most known works of perfection in the world. Botticelli was also known for the Florentine School and the Primavera, other works of art he’s made his mark in the world with. Botticelli’s perfect linear style and his strange techniques are worthy of reserving his timeless work, and due to Botticelli’s exquisite and individual style during “The Golden Age”, the Birth of Venus should be protected and admired for our future generations (web. total history).<!--more--></p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">This classic work from the early Renaissance time period in Florence, Italy was painted for Lorenzo de’ Medici. This tempera on canvas depicts the goddess Venus’s arrival from the shell to the shore, displaying her actual “birth”. Her birth is understood by her beautiful naked body emerging to the shore waiting to be clothed. Botticelli enhances the goddess through her soft bodily features such as her elongated neck and long torso. Venus is depicted as this graceful virgin being born, symbolizing love and beauty. As she arrives to the shore, a man and woman are clasped to each other with bright, colorful flower petals swaying around giving it a sense of them helping Venus arrive from the sea to the shore. To the right of the painting is a motherly woman awaiting to celebrate Venus’s arrival with a piece of clothing in her hands to clothe Venus as she arrives. Botticelli made the draping on the woman’s clothing to the right look very natural and realistic and in the background, and the colors of the forest and sea he made very bright and vibrant.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Web source, Artble, clarifies, “the commissioner provided the original source of<a href=\"http://www.artble.com/artists/jean-honore_fragonard/paintings/inspiration\"> inspiration</a> and that either he, or one of his learned friends, explained to the artist what was the story, as recounted by the ancients regarding Venus rising from the sea. The story would have been seen as a symbol of mystery in which the divine message came into the world, and Botticelli has done his best to depict this myth in a worthy manner.” There were many different theories on what the true meaning is behind this stunning piece of art. As defined in a web source, people who studied this work of art described it as “Neoplatonic”, a meaning far from the usual theme of the “Christian Catholic Church” (web. source total history). Viewers were drawn to this mystery meaning behind the painting and during this time of the Renaissance, poets and artists tried to capture the glory of the Renaissance. (web. artble)</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">During this time period of the Renaissance, most artists used the rich and the royals in their paintings and poetry. Lorenzo the Great was one of the first to begin this tradition of influencing this style in poetry, which lead to the painting, the Birth of Venus, by Botticelli. “For the men of the Renaissance, the mythology of the Greeks and Romans represented a superior form of truth and wisdom,” (Artble web source). Most famous paintings during the time of the Birth of Venus were inspired by the Kings and the royals of Rome, grasping the true richness of that time period. As web source Artble explains, Botticelli’s the Birth of Venus was the, “first large-scale canvas created in Renaissance, Florence.” The little things he did to his paintings were very unusual of this time period such as covering the painting with eggs white to preserve the paint so it doesn’t fade or discompose easily.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">The Birth of Venus was unusual in only a few ways such as the size of the canvas being overwhelmingly large-scale, and also the little touches that Botticelli adds to the painting to keep it clean and in good shape for people of today to notice its brilliant beauty. This work stands out by its size and its texture. Botticelli is known for his unique styles of painting and his ways to keep his paintings looking fresh and luxurious even as time passes. As stated in web source, Artble, this painting resembles a fresco in the way it depicts its freshness and brightness.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">During the Renaissance, this painting was perceived to accomplish love and beauty. During this time period, painters were introducing mythology to their art and as it claims in web source Artble, “In the era that Birth of Venus was painted, minds were open to new ideas and religion no longer needed to be the main subject of artistic work” (Artble). This type of art (as displayed in the Birth of Venus) was very appealing to men. As portrayed in this work, Venus is pale with long hair, and her body is elongated; and most importantly she depicts a virgin. Venus was portrayed as every man’s dream woman back during the Renaissance. She is very melancholy in this painting which makes her more beautiful during her “birth”.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Today, people appreciate the Birth of Venus as much as it did early Renaissance, of not more. Blogger Jonathan Jones declares, “Botticelli\'s work recreates that image of the sea and sky soothed by the soft power of Venus. The sea in his <a href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/painting\">painting</a> is lulled and luxuriant. It is a marvellous artistic creation” (Jones). During the Renaissance, other artists and viewers appreciated Botticelli’s creativity with his bright colors and his originality of using mythological scenes in his artworks. There aren’t many differences in the opinions of people of today and back in the early Renaissance. If any differences should be considered, then it’s that more people today find the Birth of Venus more appealing and pay more attention to the detail in the art and also the mysterious story behind this exquisite piece of work.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">This painting to me has always been one of my most favorites. The way Botticelli depicts Venus is subtle and sweet, but very elegant. I absolutely love the shape of her body in this painting; the way her torso and neck is prolonged making it the main focus on this piece of art. I also adore how Botticelli painted her hair very lengthy and a little messy, with her also covering her fragile area with her hair. Botticelli put a lot of focus on Venus’s body and also the drapery of the women to the right, waiting to clothe Venus; the clothing on her seems very bright and detailed with also the drape in her hands also depicting the same fashion. The details of all for figures, however, does not blend well with the background of the sea. The Birth of Venus was one of Botticelli’s first masterpieces using this type of mythology and scenery, he doesn’t use realism technique until later during the Renaissance. The forest in the background also isn’t too realistic, but the little details such as the flowers blooming, the drapery on the figure to the right, and the figure of Venus makes up for the abstract sea behind them. This art piece is a classic. Botticelli did his finest to express his originality in this perfected model, and did an excellent job of bringing bright light and illuminating colors to this amazing piece of art.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">In comparison, the Birth of Venus is extremely similar to Primavera, another masterpiece done by Botticelli. Both paintings are very vibrant and bright. Botticelli uses an informal landscape in the Primavera as well as the Birth of Venus. The figures in both paintings are similar due to the very center of the Birth of Venus, Venus is the main focus in the painting; and it is the same as for the Primavera. The figure in the center of both paintings, the bodies are both elongated with a very calm subtle stance. The figures beyond the center (left and right) of both paintings have many similarities such as the drapery of the dresses in the Birth of Venus, and the sheer coverings over the women figures in the Primavera. Botticelli uses so much color, and contrasts the dark background with the bright clothing worn by the figures.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">In contrast, the viewer of the Birth of Venus can see and understand every action of all the figures in the painting, and the painting is very direct. In the Primavera, there are many small scenes happening in the main large scene that the viewer doesn’t notice until taking a thorough look at the painting. Such as the evil figure to the right of the painting trying to snatch away one of the women. And also a baby cupid flying above in the very center to the top of the painting. There are many scenes focuses to the Primavera in contrast to one main focus in the Birth of Venus.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">This work is a complete, perfected, vibrant masterpiece. This specific piece of art is taught today in many college art courses. There’s a certain originality and beauty to Sandro Botticelli’s artworks, that one cannot resist but to keep it for our future generations. Botticelli invented a beautiful trend of painting large-scale mythological paintings, for other future artists to follow in his footsteps. For generations, the Birth of Venus has been unique to viewers, if it hadn’t, today’s people wouldn’t be studying it. The mystery, beauty, and originality behind the story of this painting is more than enough rationalism  to allow this painting to stay alive for generations to come.</p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Works Cited</strong></p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Dempsey, Charles “The Birth of Venus”</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Oxford University Press. 2007-2013.  Oxford Art Online</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">I found a lot of information about how art was being presented during this time period.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Jones, Jonathan. \"Botticelli\'s Birth of Venus breathes new life into an ancient religion.\" Jonathan Jones on art blog (2012). Web. 28 Sept. 2013.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">This shows how people pay attention to detail on the painting today.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Philip’s. “Botticelli, Sandro.” World Encyclopedia. 2004. ed. Print</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">This helped me focus on why the reason the Birth of Venus was painted and who it was painted for.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\"Sandro Botticelli.\" 2013. The Biography Channel website. Sep 22 2013, 09:20</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">This website helped me look at the details of this painting, and what makes the painting so different and unique.</p>\r\n<b><b> </b></b>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\"The Early Renaissance in Italy.\" Arts and Humanities Through the Eras. Ed. Edward I.     Bleiberg, et al. Vol. 4: Renaissance Europe 1300-1600. Detroit: Gale, 2005. 363-376. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 12 Sept. 2013.</p>\r\n<b><b> </b></b>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\"> The Perception of Female Beauty In Art. N.p., 8 May 2011. Web. 23 Sept. 2013.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">This is a blog that I looked up that talked about how people perceived Venus during the early Renaissance and what the true meaning behind the painting is.</p>','GargiDave-TCP1','','inherit','open','open','','3381-revision-v1','','','2013-09-29 09:43:48','2013-09-29 15:43:48','',3381,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=3384',0,'revision','',0),(3383,77,'2013-09-28 21:59:45','2013-09-29 03:59:45','<p dir=\"ltr\"></p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/the-birth-of-venus-14851.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-3382\" style=\"border-style: initial;border-color: initial;cursor: default;border-width: 0px\" alt=\"the-birth-of-venus-1485(1)\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/the-birth-of-venus-14851-300x200.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" /></a></p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\"></p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Sandro Botticelli’s “The Birth of Venus”</strong></p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"http://mmmnoodles.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/botticelli-birth-venus.jpg\">http://mmmnoodles.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/botticelli-birth-venus.jpg</a></p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\"></p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Sandro Botticelli (1445-1510) was an Italian painter of the early Renaissance and was known for assisting with fresco painting, and what he’s best known for, the Birth of Venus that he painted for ruler and master poet Lorenzo de’ Medici. Also according to web source, The Biography Channel, “Botticelli was also himself a master and contributed to the decoration the Sistine Chapel.” But his most famous is the Birth of Venus (1483), the first large-scale tempera on canvas there was in the early Renaissance. Botticelli used naturalism and realism and his own techniques making his work more luxurious and loud. The Birth of Venus is a rare masterpiece that has remained classic and is one of the most known works of perfection in the world. Botticelli was also known for the Florentine School and the Primavera, other works of art he’s made his mark in the world with. Botticelli’s perfect linear style and his strange techniques are worthy of reserving his timeless work, and due to Botticelli’s exquisite and individual style during “The Golden Age”, the Birth of Venus should be protected and admired for our future generations (web. total history).</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">This classic work from the early Renaissance time period in Florence, Italy was painted for Lorenzo de’ Medici. This tempera on canvas depicts the goddess Venus’s arrival from the shell to the shore, displaying her actual “birth”. Her birth is understood by her beautiful naked body emerging to the shore waiting to be clothed. Botticelli enhances the goddess through her soft bodily features such as her elongated neck and long torso. Venus is depicted as this graceful virgin being born, symbolizing love and beauty. As she arrives to the shore, a man and woman are clasped to each other with bright, colorful flower petals swaying around giving it a sense of them helping Venus arrive from the sea to the shore. To the right of the painting is a motherly woman awaiting to celebrate Venus’s arrival with a piece of clothing in her hands to clothe Venus as she arrives. Botticelli made the draping on the woman’s clothing to the right look very natural and realistic and in the background, and the colors of the forest and sea he made very bright and vibrant.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Web source, Artble, clarifies, “the commissioner provided the original source of<a href=\"http://www.artble.com/artists/jean-honore_fragonard/paintings/inspiration\"> inspiration</a> and that either he, or one of his learned friends, explained to the artist what was the story, as recounted by the ancients regarding Venus rising from the sea. The story would have been seen as a symbol of mystery in which the divine message came into the world, and Botticelli has done his best to depict this myth in a worthy manner.” There were many different theories on what the true meaning is behind this stunning piece of art. As defined in a web source, people who studied this work of art described it as “Neoplatonic”, a meaning far from the usual theme of the “Christian Catholic Church” (web. source total history). Viewers were drawn to this mystery meaning behind the painting and during this time of the Renaissance, poets and artists tried to capture the glory of the Renaissance. (web. artble)</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">During this time period of the Renaissance, most artists used the rich and the royals in their paintings and poetry. Lorenzo the Great was one of the first to begin this tradition of influencing this style in poetry, which lead to the painting, the Birth of Venus, by Botticelli. “For the men of the Renaissance, the mythology of the Greeks and Romans represented a superior form of truth and wisdom,” (Artble web source). Most famous paintings during the time of the Birth of Venus were inspired by the Kings and the royals of Rome, grasping the true richness of that time period. As web source Artble explains, Botticelli’s the Birth of Venus was the, “first large-scale canvas created in Renaissance, Florence.” The little things he did to his paintings were very unusual of this time period such as covering the painting with eggs white to preserve the paint so it doesn’t fade or discompose easily.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">The Birth of Venus was unusual in only a few ways such as the size of the canvas being overwhelmingly large-scale, and also the little touches that Botticelli adds to the painting to keep it clean and in good shape for people of today to notice its brilliant beauty. This work stands out by its size and its texture. Botticelli is known for his unique styles of painting and his ways to keep his paintings looking fresh and luxurious even as time passes. As stated in web source, Artble, this painting resembles a fresco in the way it depicts its freshness and brightness.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">During the Renaissance, this painting was perceived to accomplish love and beauty. During this time period, painters were introducing mythology to their art and as it claims in web source Artble, “In the era that Birth of Venus was painted, minds were open to new ideas and religion no longer needed to be the main subject of artistic work” (Artble). This type of art (as displayed in the Birth of Venus) was very appealing to men. As portrayed in this work, Venus is pale with long hair, and her body is elongated; and most importantly she depicts a virgin. Venus was portrayed as every man’s dream woman back during the Renaissance. She is very melancholy in this painting which makes her more beautiful during her “birth”.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Today, people appreciate the Birth of Venus as much as it did early Renaissance, of not more. Blogger Jonathan Jones declares, “Botticelli\'s work recreates that image of the sea and sky soothed by the soft power of Venus. The sea in his <a href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/painting\">painting</a> is lulled and luxuriant. It is a marvellous artistic creation” (Jones). During the Renaissance, other artists and viewers appreciated Botticelli’s creativity with his bright colors and his originality of using mythological scenes in his artworks. There aren’t many differences in the opinions of people of today and back in the early Renaissance. If any differences should be considered, then it’s that more people today find the Birth of Venus more appealing and pay more attention to the detail in the art and also the mysterious story behind this exquisite piece of work.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">This painting to me has always been one of my most favorites. The way Botticelli depicts Venus is subtle and sweet, but very elegant. I absolutely love the shape of her body in this painting; the way her torso and neck is prolonged making it the main focus on this piece of art. I also adore how Botticelli painted her hair very lengthy and a little messy, with her also covering her fragile area with her hair. Botticelli put a lot of focus on Venus’s body and also the drapery of the women to the right, waiting to clothe Venus; the clothing on her seems very bright and detailed with also the drape in her hands also depicting the same fashion. The details of all for figures, however, does not blend well with the background of the sea. The Birth of Venus was one of Botticelli’s first masterpieces using this type of mythology and scenery, he doesn’t use realism technique until later during the Renaissance. The forest in the background also isn’t too realistic, but the little details such as the flowers blooming, the drapery on the figure to the right, and the figure of Venus makes up for the abstract sea behind them. This art piece is a classic. Botticelli did his finest to express his originality in this perfected model, and did an excellent job of bringing bright light and illuminating colors to this amazing piece of art.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">In comparison, the Birth of Venus is extremely similar to Primavera, another masterpiece done by Botticelli. Both paintings are very vibrant and bright. Botticelli uses an informal landscape in the Primavera as well as the Birth of Venus. The figures in both paintings are similar due to the very center of the Birth of Venus, Venus is the main focus in the painting; and it is the same as for the Primavera. The figure in the center of both paintings, the bodies are both elongated with a very calm subtle stance. The figures beyond the center (left and right) of both paintings have many similarities such as the drapery of the dresses in the Birth of Venus, and the sheer coverings over the women figures in the Primavera. Botticelli uses so much color, and contrasts the dark background with the bright clothing worn by the figures.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">In contrast, the viewer of the Birth of Venus can see and understand every action of all the figures in the painting, and the painting is very direct. In the Primavera, there are many small scenes happening in the main large scene that the viewer doesn’t notice until taking a thorough look at the painting. Such as the evil figure to the right of the painting trying to snatch away one of the women. And also a baby cupid flying above in the very center to the top of the painting. There are many scenes focuses to the Primavera in contrast to one main focus in the Birth of Venus.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">This work is a complete, perfected, vibrant masterpiece. This specific piece of art is taught today in many college art courses. There’s a certain originality and beauty to Sandro Botticelli’s artworks, that one cannot resist but to keep it for our future generations. Botticelli invented a beautiful trend of painting large-scale mythological paintings, for other future artists to follow in his footsteps. For generations, the Birth of Venus has been unique to viewers, if it hadn’t, today’s people wouldn’t be studying it. The mystery, beauty, and originality behind the story of this painting is more than enough rationalism  to allow this painting to stay alive for generations to come.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\"></p>\r\n<b><b>\r\n\r\n</b></b>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\"></p>\r\n<b><b>\r\n\r\n\r\n</b></b>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Works Cited</strong></p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\"></p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Dempsey, Charles “The Birth of Venus”</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Oxford University Press. 2007-2013.  Oxford Art Online</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">I found a lot of information about how art was being presented during this time period.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\"></p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Jones, Jonathan. \"Botticelli\'s Birth of Venus breathes new life into an ancient religion.\" Jonathan Jones on art blog (2012). Web. 28 Sept. 2013.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">This shows how people pay attention to detail on the painting today.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\"></p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Philip’s. “Botticelli, Sandro.” World Encyclopedia. 2004. ed. Print</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">This helped me focus on why the reason the Birth of Venus was painted and who it was painted for.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\"></p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\"Sandro Botticelli.\" 2013. The Biography Channel website. Sep 22 2013, 09:20</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">This website helped me look at the details of this painting, and what makes the painting so different and unique.</p>\r\n<b><b> </b></b>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\"The Early Renaissance in Italy.\" Arts and Humanities Through the Eras. Ed. Edward I.     Bleiberg, et al. Vol. 4: Renaissance Europe 1300-1600. Detroit: Gale, 2005. 363-376. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 12 Sept. 2013.</p>\r\n<b><b> </b></b>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\"> The Perception of Female Beauty In Art. N.p., 8 May 2011. Web. 23 Sept. 2013.</p>\r\n<p dir=\"ltr\">This is a blog that I looked up that talked about how people perceived Venus during the early Renaissance and what the true meaning behind the painting is.</p>\r\n\r\n<div></div>','GargiDave-TCP1','','inherit','open','open','','3381-revision-v1','','','2013-09-28 21:59:45','2013-09-29 03:59:45','',3381,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=3383',0,'revision','',0),(2694,64,'2012-11-05 12:56:53','2012-11-05 18:56:53','<img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http://img.ezinemark.com/imagemanager2/files/2010_re/2010-08-28-19-16-27-10-statue-of-liberty.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"356\" height=\"237\" />\r\nThe Statue of Liberty is one of the greatest sculpture monuments of its time. One of the most popular tourist attractions in the world and is one of the most progressive and innovative statues of its time, its design and architecture surpass all feats in its construction and how it was built. Gustave Eiffel was the genius behind the design of the Statue of Liberty, who was a world renowned known engineer best known for his famous Eiffel tower that is still to this day one of the most captivating towers in the world. Eiffel introduced a new form of design that was innovative, structurally sound and at the same time possessed an amazing unique brilliance to his work. Eiffel changed the world of design and architecture. The Statue of Liberty is a timeless masterpiece and is a representation of technology and innovation in a progressive era, for these reasons the Statue of Liberty should be preserved for the future.<!--more-->\r\n\r\nThe Statue of Liberty was completed in 1886, in the New York harbor, from the site of the viewer the monument is 300 feet high in feet, it is an amazing sight to witness. The Statue is not just amazing for its looks but it is amazing for the way in which it was built. The Statue of Liberty is an example and a product of its innovative and progressive timeframe. Technology was on the rise in the late 1800’s and steel and iron were being used in innovative ways that no one thought could ever be used. The United States Navy was producing and constructing warships that were made of iron and steel in huge quantities. In the 1870’s the prototype telephone was invented by Alexander Gram Bell. Thomas Edison just invented the light bulb as well as the phonograph. This innovative and progressive timeframe crossed into Architecture and design and was being utilized throughout the country. During the time in which the Statue of liberty was built the scheme on how it was built was a progressive scheme and was being used in many different ways during that period according to Marvin Trachtenburg. He goes on to say that in that progressive time frame there was a combination of new and traditional structures that were also built with the same unit masonry shell and a visible internal structure entirely or partly iron. This mode was employed in a variety of new building types, including early factories, commercial buildings, markets, galleries, and stores, the railway stations were the most widespread example of such combinations. (Marvin 446)\r\n\r\nThe Statue of Liberty was definitely typical of its time. The statue was given as a gift from France and was to represent a token of friendship between France and America as they fought together for independence from Brittan in the American Revolutionary war. The statue carries a torch of light in her right hand which is a beacon of light and holds a tablet in her left hand with the inscription July 4, 1776 which was to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the United States as a nation the day the declaration of independence was signed. The sculptor Fredric Auguste Bartholdi choose to sculpt after the roman goddess Libertas, who was the roman goddess of freedom. (History ch.) The Statue of Liberty as a symbol had huge significance not just on France and America but to the world as well. The Statue of Liberty is not just a symbol of friendship it is a symbol of modern technology being conveyed thru the art of architecture and sculpture on the highest stage. The French choose to honor the United States in the highest way and form and the Statue of Liberty had to be flawless, in terms of design and construction to commemorate the friendship between the two countries. The Statue of Liberty was also typical of its time in terms of technology and innovation on initial construction and design of the statue. The boom and wave of technology had just hit the United States and was being seen in through newer inventions and innovative ways of thinking, from Edison’s invention of the light bulb to Alexander Gram Bell’s invention of the telephone, these newer technical ways of thinking were being transformed into the arts like the Statue of Liberty. Marvin describes the masterpiece as a “granite pedestal surmounted by a Neo classical colossus fabricated of hammered copper. Completely hidden within is the extraordinary structural program that supports the visible forms. The foundation block constitutes the largest concrete mass of its day. The concrete core of the pedestal walls is reinforced by ferrous elements that are run along the inner surface in the form of heavy iron straps bolted to massive cross yokes of steel girders anchored in the masonry at the top and bottom. But the armature of the statue itself-connected by huge bolts of the above mentioned cross girders-is the most remarkable of the monuments supports. The core of his wrought-iron structure is a tapering pylon of massive angle grinders cross-laced into a rigid unit, from which secondary, much lighter trust work reaches toward the interior skin of the statue. The actual connection of the skin is effected by a system of flexible, springlike iron bars (that allow for thermal expansion of the statue), while a powerful, cantilevered beam rises to carry the asymmetrical load of the torch arm.\r\n\r\nThe copper shell of Frederic Auguste Bartholdi’s statue is entirely hung from his multilayered skeleton, like a modern curtain wall, being nowhere self supporting at only 2.5 mm in thickness.”(Marvin 446) The genius behind the design of Statue of Liberty is by far an intricate systematic new way of design that was progressive in its design and was only seen in other works that were also designed by Gusave Eiffel that were as well typical of the progressive timeframe. One of the most famous towers in the world today, the Eiffel Tower, this was also built around same time frame in 1887, one year after the Statue of Liberty, and was very similar in design to the Statue of Liberty. Both the Eiffel tower and the Statue of Liberty had a systematic intricate design to them, the Eiffel tower had 18,000 pieces to its construction that all served a detailed constructive and aesthetic purpose which was also known for its grandeur, not just for its design but size as well. The Eiffel Tower is almost 1,000 feet tall and is also constructed of iron, and can with stand the worst nautical winds based on the way it was designed, both the Eiffel tower and the Statue of Liberty were progressive monumental feats in how they were constructed and were both considered High-Technology architecture that made them typical of its progressive and technical timeframe. The Statue of Liberty sets itself apart from most of the architecture in the modern world because before the construction of the Statue of Liberty, the modern world of architecture had a Victorian gothic theme that was considered the traditional norm. This was seen in the Houses of Parliament in London constructed in the mid 1800s by Sir Charles Barry, most churches and houses had the same style and theme around Europe of the time. With the help of technology the Statue of Liberty broke away from those traditional norms and in its style and design progressed forward and elevated a shift towards a high technology based architectural movement that was seen in the late 1800’s.\r\n\r\nThe Statue of Liberty also contrasted with the Eiffel tower in many ways, the most noticeable examples is the Eiffel tower is built of iron with iron as its exterior, the iron is puddled iron and is arched that serves a design and supporting purpose. The ornamental arches at the bottom of the base of Eiffel tower serve more of an aesthetic purpose and do not serve a structural purpose at all. The base at the bottom of the Statue of Liberty is a foundation piece that supports the weight of the Statue which is 450,000 pounds. The Statue of Liberty was built of hammered sheets of copper and has an iron interior that is used for support. The Statue of Liberty received a lot of acclaim from the time it was built to commemorate the 100 years of the United States as a Nation and represent the relations between two nations and serve as a symbol that resembled freedom and rebellion today it still receives high acclaim.\r\n\r\nThe Statue of Liberty has been seen on stamps that have been minted, the 15 cent, the 3 cent, 8 cent and 11 cent stamp all have the Statue of Liberty on them also the New York quarter was minted with Lady Liberty’s picture on it. The Statue of Liberty receives millions of tourist each year all captivated by its beauty and design it is one of the most popular places to visit in America. The Statue of Liberty has been seen in television ads and was also seen in the movie “The Planet of The Apes” and has also been in the popular television show “fringe”. Every fourth of July, the United States day of independence hundreds of people flock to the Statue of Liberty to see a firework show that is on display with Lady Liberty there standing tall and proud representing freedom and hope for a country. People today are very captivated by the Statue and it has become not just a national landmark but a symbol of the spirit of freedom. The Statue of Liberty is an icon to the United States and is a national landmark but it is more than that, It has become a symbol that is American, the Statue of Liberty was the first sight immigrants saw while coming to America, it was not just a symbol of freedom to Americans back then till now but to other nations as well who were fleeing a country or wanting to flee a country.\r\n\r\nMy personal reactions to the work of the Statue of Liberty were good on discovering the actual architecture of the statue, it is hard to get past all the popularity, build up and hype that the Statue of Liberty is surrounded in. The Statue is designed very intricately and has a unique hidden design that goes unnoticed, I didn’t know it was such a breakthrough in architecture in terms of High Technology architecture and had such an amazing hidden interior. I think that is what I like about the Statue the most is most people including me do not know of the hidden science or genius underneath the surface, if they can get past through all the glamour and hype they can find an amazingly sound systematic engineering marvel that goes unnoticed for its engineering and actual design. In closing I think the Statue of Liberty should be preserved for its architecture and its design not its story and hype behind the statue of liberty. The Statue of Liberty created a wave of Technology and science integrated through architecture, the world we live in today we are faced with technology growing in extremely fast measures. The Statue of Liberty was a statue that made the leap and changed architecture based on its systematic design, interior and exterior. Its design catapulted a new wave and style that was high tech architecture in an innovative time period. The Statue of Liberty was a statue that shifted with times and changed the world as we know it, for these reason the Statue of Liberty should be preserved for future generations.\r\n\r\nWorks Cited\r\n\r\nMarvin Trachtenburg, Architecture. From pre history to post modernity, N.Y. 2006.\r\nWebsite, http://statueofliberty.org/Statue_History.html\r\nWebsite: http://www.history.com/topics/statue-of-liberty\r\n\r\nImage: http://img.ezinemark.com/imagemanager2/files/2010_re/2010-08-28-19-16-27-10-statue-of-liberty.jpeg','The Statue of Liberty should be preserved because it transformed Architecture ','','publish','open','open','','the-statue-of-liberty-should-be-preserved-because-it-transformed-architecture','','','2012-11-05 14:03:25','2012-11-05 20:03:25','',0,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2694',0,'post','',12),(2695,64,'2012-10-15 11:42:20','2012-10-15 17:42:20','[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"279\"]<a href=\"religious music in google images\"><img src=\"http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_DtmhjiI3ruk/TEspGnU0qCI/AAAAAAAAA_Y/-9sqTL1s6hY/s1600/lucy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"279\" height=\"492\" /></a> <br />Religious music[/caption]\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_DtmhjiI3ruk/TEspGnU0qCI/AAAAAAAAA_Y/-9sqTL1s6hY/s1600/lucy.jpg</p>\r\nDuring the time of Johan Sebastian Bach’s musical career, a lot was going on in the world. This was a turning point in the world, the Early 1700’s. “One of the most influential cultural events of the early seventeenth century” (1)(fiero) had just taken place, the new English translation of the Holy Bible. Recruited by James 1 of England, a committee of about 50 scholars had begun the work of the translations of scriptures.” This marked the beginning of the Protestant Reformation. This was the  time when Martin Luther had translated the Holy Bible from Greek to German. “The translation of the Holy Bible played a special significance in those times. It gave people an inner light, (fiero) and brought a new light to urge people to break away from Roman Catholic beliefs. This spawned a Reformation, and through music it carried the same theme and message. There is one hymn that symbolizes the Protestant Reformation; it is \"A Mighty Fortress Is Our God.\" by Bach. Those persecuted and martyred for their convictions during the Reformation sang these same words.<!--more-->\r\n\r\n\"The one hymn that most symbolizes the Protestant Reformation is \"A Mighty Fortress Is Our God.\" In it, Martin Luther proclaims his confidence in God and rallies all Christians to war against evil. Basing his words on Psalm 46, he victoriously states \"We will not fear, for God has willed His truth to triumph through us.\" Those persecuted and martyred for their convictions during the Reformation sang these words from Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” Luther understood the power of evil: “After he posted his ninety-five theses on the door of Wittenberg\'s Castle in 1517, he faced years of trials and persecution, he was excommunicated from the Roman church, and he continually faced threats against his life and his freedom.” “Other reformers had been persecuted and burned at the stake.”                                                                                                                                                                              “But he also knew God is our refuge and strength, a very present help in danger\" (Psalm 46:1) and so he wrote \"A Mighty Fortress is our God,\" proclaiming boldly that \"the prince of darkness grim, we tremble  not for him . . . one little word shall fell him.\" Since he wrote it in 1529,” (2)\r\n\r\nThis piece both compares and differentiates to another piece of its time.  I think this piece compares to Handel’s Messiah, “Handel’s music brought scripture to life, that celebrates the birth of Jesus and is a collection of versus from the Old and New testament. “ The most famous of Handel’s works is the Messiah, which was written in the English of the King James Bible.” (fiero) The two compare because Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is our God” also is based on scripture, that cover Thessalonians, Revelations and Psalms.  The two differentiate because in Handel’s Messiah, the first part “recounts the Old Testament prophesies of a savior, the second part relates to the suffering and death of Jesus, and the third part rejoices in the redemption of humankind through Christ’s resurrection.”(fiero) while in Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” his piece translated is the scriptures from 2 Thessalonians 2:3-8 which talk about a man of Lawlessness, or a man of sin,(when translated) verse 3 of chapter 2 in the New testament of the Holy Bible also the first part of Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” say “Don’t let anyone deceive you in any way, for that day will not come until the rebellion occurs and the man of sin (some translations say rebellion) is revealed, the man doomed to destruction.”(3)  Bach’s piece is warning us of sin, unlike Handle’s Messiah which celebrate Jesus’ life. I believe “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” by Bach had a much more huge significance in the past than in today’s times because in those times people were willing to die for their own given right to practice what they religiously believed in, an example was Martin Luther’s friend Ulrich Zwingli, “who died Oct. 11, 1531, who was part of the Reformation as well, and believed one simple truth, it was the bible was the truth and anything else was not. Zwingli debated against the Roman Catholic Church on lent and clerical celibacy “calling them unbiblical.”(4) “The Roman Catholic Church declared war against the Protestants and Zwingly was killed, and his body was defiled.”(4)  Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” has been known to be the same exact battle that Zwingli died for and was attached to the Protestant movement, which was that “all western Christian believers that did  not adhere to Roman Catholic faith. This was a definitive decade for the creation of the Evangelical faith.”(5) This was the main theme behind Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is our God.” “Cantata No.80, the most important hymn of the Lutheran Church, Its melody unifies the eight movements of the cantata, which concludes with a four part setting of the chorale melody, sung in the style of the congregational hymn”(2)\r\n\r\nBach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” in my opinion does not have the same affect on listeners today as it did back in Bach’s time, although Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” is still around today. “Bach’s hymn has been translated into nearly every language. There are said to be over eighty English translations alone to this hymn, but the version most used in the United States is the translation by Frederic Henry Hedge in 1852. The first line of \"A Mighty Fortress Is Our God\" is inscribed on the tomb of Martin Luther at Wittenberg. And its powerful words and tune continue to live.” “The hymn was sung at the funeral of President Dwight D. Eisenhower at the National Cathedral in Washington DC, March 1969. And it was also included in the National Service of Prayer and Remembrance, held shortly after the September 11, 2001 attacks against America”(2). Today, Bach’s song doesn’t have the same impact on listeners because a lot of people including me did not even know the whole background setting of the song, what was going on during the years it was written and why it was written, its meaning and lyrics, and understanding of the Reformation movement, and to what they were reforming against. Today we do not have the same restrictions as in Bach’s times, being forced to believe in a religion, that know one really knew the religion because there was only one priest that had a bible that was written in Latin, and only the priest knew Latin and what the priest said was law, if anyone disagreed there were great repercussions sometimes death.  Today we are able to carry a bible of your choice at your own free will and express and believe in what ever you chose to believe in, because of the people of Bach’s time and of Bach’s song.  Many people died to have that right to believe in a religion of your choice. This song today does not have the same affect as it did back then, since we are overwhelmed with the many great choices in the land of the free to do and practice any religion of choice.\r\n\r\nIn Conclusion this song still helps to remind me to not take for granted of the many great opportunities that I do have today, and to cherish those opportunities, and to be grateful of the present freedoms we do have, because of this Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” would be a definite choice to take as a TCP to save and cherish for future generations.\r\n\r\n\"God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble\" (Psalm 46:1). With a beautiful reminder of that truth, \"A Mighty Fortress Is Our God\" gives us hope amidst the struggles of life. The words, written nearly five hundred years ago, still ring true today: When life storms blow in around us, we can find refuge in the mighty fortress of our God.”(2)\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p align=\"center\">Works Cited</p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n	<li> Fiero, Humanistic Tradition, Volume 2</li>\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://songsandhymns.org/hymns/detail/a-mighty-fortress-is-our-god\">http://songsandhymns.org/hymns/detail/a-mighty-fortress-is-our-god</a></li>\r\n	<li>The Holy Bible, New International Version. Zondervan, Grand Rapids, M.I. 2006</li>\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.reformationtours.com/\">www.reformationtours.com</a></li>\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.saintpeters.org/events/detail/235/details/\">http://www.saintpeters.org/events/detail/235/details/</a></li>\r\n</ol>','The work “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” by Johan Sebastion Bach should be preserved because it inspired a Reformation and forces us to be grateful ','','publish','open','open','','the-work-a-mighty-fortress-is-our-god-by-johan-sebastion-bach-should-be-preserved-because-it-inspired-a-reformation-and-forces-us-to-be-grateful','','','2012-10-17 01:59:36','2012-10-17 07:59:36','',0,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2695',0,'post','',5),(2696,66,'2012-10-15 11:36:09','2012-10-15 17:36:09','<div>\n\n&nbsp;\n\nDon Giovanni\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nWolfgang Amadeus Mozart\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nOctober 29, 1787\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nMozart created an astounding piece of art with Don Giovanni, with its blend of comedic elements with morality and the eventual fate of the antagonist not only makes for a good story, but the score is what makes it arguably one of the best operas of all time. Thus, to its credit, the story has made great subject matter for many writers and philosophers. Don Giovanni should be preserved because the prospect of human nature and human morality created by the antagonist, Don Giovanni, sets up very contemplative and debatable subject matter and that it is considered to be one of the most unique and highly respective operas of all time not only for its music, but also for its story.\n\n<!--more-->\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nSet is Spain, Don Giovanni is a 2-act opera centered around  the man Don Giovanni; a young, arrogant, sexually promiscuous man who antagonizes an abuses those around him, \"...an impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\" as stated by Classical.net best describes.  Until finally  he eventually meets his fate as he is dragged down to hell. This work is unique to itself as it was done by the young Mozart which tells a story through a two act opera. Such was the time that Mozart was considered a genius and a revolutionary in the performing arts. Although vastly considered as a comedy, it is more a blend of comedy, melodrama and supernatural elements.  In an article by Yahoo! Voices, \"Christian Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this  renowned composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally  great in the comic as in the tragic.\", which is no less true of Don Giovanni.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nAs a innovative work, Don Giovanni was unique for it\'s short length and it\'s simple message. At the time of it\'s creation, it followed Mozart\'s earlier opera, The Marriage of Figaro, so it\'s no surprise to any that it was successful since by this time Mozart was a well known composer.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nThe modern artistic audience of today still greatly appreciate this work and is globally ranked as number 10 of the top operas of the world. As being one of Mozart\'s best known works, it is respectfully kept the same by many conductors and composers, Though there have been a handful that have made some slight additions or variations to the work itself. Mozart has always known to be a great composer and his works have been enjoyed by all the generations after him.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nNot knowing much of anything about the composition of music, I do appreciate it\'s complexity and it\'s fitment into the story, thus making it an opera. I find the story to be insightful and particularly relevant. A selfish egotistical man who spent his life hurting others for his own benefit, eventually falls victim to his own deeds  and is dragged down to hell. I find this relevant because selfishness is human nature, and every person is capable of the same actions as Don Giovanni. We often forget the basic laws of nature in that every action has a reaction and that they often find their way back to us. Whether you believe in heaven or hell, there is no excuse not to be a decent, civilized person. Thus, the portrayal of Don being pulled down to hell, be it literal or not, is something that should be a reminder to not overstep our bounds with one another with the intention of coming out on top.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nWith only a year difference, Mozart composed both The Marriage of Figaro and Don Giovanni, and for the sake of simplicity, to compare and contrast the works of the same composer, it\'s best to have the mindset that it\'s not about the score of the opera, but the choice of the story he wished to convey the music through.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nIn comparison, Mozart did substantially well with both his works. Both are well known and highly regarded operas with a successful score and moral plot to the story line. Though not neither were an original story, their presentation and adaptation into an opera male them both still enjoyable to any audience .\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nIn contrast The Marriage of Figaro is a continuation of another story, The Barber of Seville, what we\'d call today to be a sequel. It also contrasts with Don Giovanni in that it is a much longer opera. Having four acts instead of Don Giovanni\'s two, The Marriage of Figaro is purely more of a comedy versus Don Giovanni as a melodramatic comedy.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nTo make my earlier point  more detailed, the most significant idea of the story, one that future generations should be aware of is the basic flawof our own selfish tendencies, and actions we take regarding them. It\'s a testament to  how easy it is to do as we please without considerations to those around us. This work is an extreme example of the selfishness and disregard by a man that brought his own demise. This story has a message that\'s relevant to all of us, and we should be aware of our thoughts and actions everyday. God-fearing or not, there\'s not excuse to not act like a decent human being. Columbia.edu puts it best, \"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nAs a final analysis, Don Giovanni is a two act opera centered a selfish, womanizing man who sees only to benefit himself, and disregard the feelings of those around him. As is the fate of many like him, he is pulled down to hell for his refusal to repent for his crimes.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nThis particular TCP was especially difficult. How do you convey music through words? May only response would be that you cannot, you must listen for yourself. The story, however, was easy to explain. It had a simple plot that drove a single point effortlessly. The thing that has helped write this proposal the most would be what I have seen in my lifetime of people who\'ve acted selfishly and karma returned the favor. It\'s not an easy thing to miss, it\'s a cultural thing now, so much so I could write books and rants and still have not said enough about the subject. But let it be known that this work, at it\'s core, serves a good message to people willing to accept it.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n&nbsp;\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nWorks Cited:\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nPhoto:  http://i.ytimg.com/vi/t_nHeThpfLw/0.jpg\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n&nbsp;\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n\"Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni.\" Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.classical.net/music/recs/reviews/n/nxs60080a.php&gt;.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n\"...an  impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\"\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n&nbsp;\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nBrode, Alyssa. \"Synopsis and Historical Context of Mozart\'s \'Don Giovanni\'\" Yahoo! Contributor Network.  Yahoo Contributer Network, 15 Nov. 2011. Web. 15 Oct. 2012.  &lt;http://voices.yahoo.com/synopsis-historical-context-mozarts-don-giovanni-10428675.html&gt;.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nChristian  Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this renowned  composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally great in  the comic as in the tragic.\"\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n&nbsp;\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n NYC Opera, comp. \"Mozart: Don Giovanni.\" New York City Opera Project: Don Giovanni (n.d.): n. pag. Mozart: Don Giovanni. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.columbia.edu/itc/music/NYCO/dongiovanni/synopsis.html&gt;.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n\"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n&nbsp;\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n.\n\n</div>','Mozart\'s Don Giovanni','','inherit','open','open','','2692-revision','','','2012-10-15 11:36:09','2012-10-15 17:36:09','',2692,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2696',0,'revision','',0),(2697,66,'2012-10-15 11:36:23','2012-10-15 17:36:23','<div>\r\n\r\n[IMG]http://i757.photobucket.com/albums/xx219/Austin_Brockwell/0_zps7c6a7e9a.jpg[/IMG]\r\n\r\nDon Giovanni\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWolfgang Amadeus Mozart\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nOctober 29, 1787\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nMozart created an astounding piece of art with Don Giovanni, with its blend of comedic elements with morality and the eventual fate of the antagonist not only makes for a good story, but the score is what makes it arguably one of the best operas of all time. Thus, to its credit, the story has made great subject matter for many writers and philosophers. Don Giovanni should be preserved because the prospect of human nature and human morality created by the antagonist, Don Giovanni, sets up very contemplative and debatable subject matter and that it is considered to be one of the most unique and highly respective operas of all time not only for its music, but also for its story.\r\n\r\n<!--more-->\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nSet is Spain, Don Giovanni is a 2-act opera centered around  the man Don Giovanni; a young, arrogant, sexually promiscuous man who antagonizes an abuses those around him, \"...an impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\" as stated by Classical.net best describes.  Until finally  he eventually meets his fate as he is dragged down to hell. This work is unique to itself as it was done by the young Mozart which tells a story through a two act opera. Such was the time that Mozart was considered a genius and a revolutionary in the performing arts. Although vastly considered as a comedy, it is more a blend of comedy, melodrama and supernatural elements.  In an article by Yahoo! Voices, \"Christian Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this  renowned composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally  great in the comic as in the tragic.\", which is no less true of Don Giovanni.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nAs a innovative work, Don Giovanni was unique for it\'s short length and it\'s simple message. At the time of it\'s creation, it followed Mozart\'s earlier opera, The Marriage of Figaro, so it\'s no surprise to any that it was successful since by this time Mozart was a well known composer.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nThe modern artistic audience of today still greatly appreciate this work and is globally ranked as number 10 of the top operas of the world. As being one of Mozart\'s best known works, it is respectfully kept the same by many conductors and composers, Though there have been a handful that have made some slight additions or variations to the work itself. Mozart has always known to be a great composer and his works have been enjoyed by all the generations after him.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nNot knowing much of anything about the composition of music, I do appreciate it\'s complexity and it\'s fitment into the story, thus making it an opera. I find the story to be insightful and particularly relevant. A selfish egotistical man who spent his life hurting others for his own benefit, eventually falls victim to his own deeds  and is dragged down to hell. I find this relevant because selfishness is human nature, and every person is capable of the same actions as Don Giovanni. We often forget the basic laws of nature in that every action has a reaction and that they often find their way back to us. Whether you believe in heaven or hell, there is no excuse not to be a decent, civilized person. Thus, the portrayal of Don being pulled down to hell, be it literal or not, is something that should be a reminder to not overstep our bounds with one another with the intention of coming out on top.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWith only a year difference, Mozart composed both The Marriage of Figaro and Don Giovanni, and for the sake of simplicity, to compare and contrast the works of the same composer, it\'s best to have the mindset that it\'s not about the score of the opera, but the choice of the story he wished to convey the music through.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nIn comparison, Mozart did substantially well with both his works. Both are well known and highly regarded operas with a successful score and moral plot to the story line. Though not neither were an original story, their presentation and adaptation into an opera male them both still enjoyable to any audience .\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nIn contrast The Marriage of Figaro is a continuation of another story, The Barber of Seville, what we\'d call today to be a sequel. It also contrasts with Don Giovanni in that it is a much longer opera. Having four acts instead of Don Giovanni\'s two, The Marriage of Figaro is purely more of a comedy versus Don Giovanni as a melodramatic comedy.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nTo make my earlier point  more detailed, the most significant idea of the story, one that future generations should be aware of is the basic flawof our own selfish tendencies, and actions we take regarding them. It\'s a testament to  how easy it is to do as we please without considerations to those around us. This work is an extreme example of the selfishness and disregard by a man that brought his own demise. This story has a message that\'s relevant to all of us, and we should be aware of our thoughts and actions everyday. God-fearing or not, there\'s not excuse to not act like a decent human being. Columbia.edu puts it best, \"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nAs a final analysis, Don Giovanni is a two act opera centered a selfish, womanizing man who sees only to benefit himself, and disregard the feelings of those around him. As is the fate of many like him, he is pulled down to hell for his refusal to repent for his crimes.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nThis particular TCP was especially difficult. How do you convey music through words? May only response would be that you cannot, you must listen for yourself. The story, however, was easy to explain. It had a simple plot that drove a single point effortlessly. The thing that has helped write this proposal the most would be what I have seen in my lifetime of people who\'ve acted selfishly and karma returned the favor. It\'s not an easy thing to miss, it\'s a cultural thing now, so much so I could write books and rants and still have not said enough about the subject. But let it be known that this work, at it\'s core, serves a good message to people willing to accept it.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWorks Cited:\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nPhoto:  http://i.ytimg.com/vi/t_nHeThpfLw/0.jpg\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni.\" Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.classical.net/music/recs/reviews/n/nxs60080a.php&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"...an  impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nBrode, Alyssa. \"Synopsis and Historical Context of Mozart\'s \'Don Giovanni\'\" Yahoo! Contributor Network.  Yahoo Contributer Network, 15 Nov. 2011. Web. 15 Oct. 2012.  &lt;http://voices.yahoo.com/synopsis-historical-context-mozarts-don-giovanni-10428675.html&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nChristian  Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this renowned  composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally great in  the comic as in the tragic.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n NYC Opera, comp. \"Mozart: Don Giovanni.\" New York City Opera Project: Don Giovanni (n.d.): n. pag. Mozart: Don Giovanni. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.columbia.edu/itc/music/NYCO/dongiovanni/synopsis.html&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n.\r\n\r\n</div>','Mozart\'s Don Giovanni','','inherit','open','open','','2692-revision-2','','','2012-10-15 11:36:23','2012-10-15 17:36:23','',2692,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2697',0,'revision','',0),(2698,66,'2012-10-15 11:36:27','2012-10-15 17:36:27','<div>\r\n\r\n[IMG]http://i757.photobucket.com/albums/xx219/Austin_Brockwell/0_zps7c6a7e9a.jpg[/IMG]\r\n\r\nDon Giovanni\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWolfgang Amadeus Mozart\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nOctober 29, 1787\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nMozart created an astounding piece of art with Don Giovanni, with its blend of comedic elements with morality and the eventual fate of the antagonist not only makes for a good story, but the score is what makes it arguably one of the best operas of all time. Thus, to its credit, the story has made great subject matter for many writers and philosophers. Don Giovanni should be preserved because the prospect of human nature and human morality created by the antagonist, Don Giovanni, sets up very contemplative and debatable subject matter and that it is considered to be one of the most unique and highly respective operas of all time not only for its music, but also for its story.\r\n\r\n<!--more-->\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nSet is Spain, Don Giovanni is a 2-act opera centered around  the man Don Giovanni; a young, arrogant, sexually promiscuous man who antagonizes an abuses those around him, \"...an impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\" as stated by Classical.net best describes.  Until finally  he eventually meets his fate as he is dragged down to hell. This work is unique to itself as it was done by the young Mozart which tells a story through a two act opera. Such was the time that Mozart was considered a genius and a revolutionary in the performing arts. Although vastly considered as a comedy, it is more a blend of comedy, melodrama and supernatural elements.  In an article by Yahoo! Voices, \"Christian Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this  renowned composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally  great in the comic as in the tragic.\", which is no less true of Don Giovanni.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nAs a innovative work, Don Giovanni was unique for it\'s short length and it\'s simple message. At the time of it\'s creation, it followed Mozart\'s earlier opera, The Marriage of Figaro, so it\'s no surprise to any that it was successful since by this time Mozart was a well known composer.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nThe modern artistic audience of today still greatly appreciate this work and is globally ranked as number 10 of the top operas of the world. As being one of Mozart\'s best known works, it is respectfully kept the same by many conductors and composers, Though there have been a handful that have made some slight additions or variations to the work itself. Mozart has always known to be a great composer and his works have been enjoyed by all the generations after him.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nNot knowing much of anything about the composition of music, I do appreciate it\'s complexity and it\'s fitment into the story, thus making it an opera. I find the story to be insightful and particularly relevant. A selfish egotistical man who spent his life hurting others for his own benefit, eventually falls victim to his own deeds  and is dragged down to hell. I find this relevant because selfishness is human nature, and every person is capable of the same actions as Don Giovanni. We often forget the basic laws of nature in that every action has a reaction and that they often find their way back to us. Whether you believe in heaven or hell, there is no excuse not to be a decent, civilized person. Thus, the portrayal of Don being pulled down to hell, be it literal or not, is something that should be a reminder to not overstep our bounds with one another with the intention of coming out on top.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWith only a year difference, Mozart composed both The Marriage of Figaro and Don Giovanni, and for the sake of simplicity, to compare and contrast the works of the same composer, it\'s best to have the mindset that it\'s not about the score of the opera, but the choice of the story he wished to convey the music through.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nIn comparison, Mozart did substantially well with both his works. Both are well known and highly regarded operas with a successful score and moral plot to the story line. Though not neither were an original story, their presentation and adaptation into an opera male them both still enjoyable to any audience .\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nIn contrast The Marriage of Figaro is a continuation of another story, The Barber of Seville, what we\'d call today to be a sequel. It also contrasts with Don Giovanni in that it is a much longer opera. Having four acts instead of Don Giovanni\'s two, The Marriage of Figaro is purely more of a comedy versus Don Giovanni as a melodramatic comedy.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nTo make my earlier point  more detailed, the most significant idea of the story, one that future generations should be aware of is the basic flawof our own selfish tendencies, and actions we take regarding them. It\'s a testament to  how easy it is to do as we please without considerations to those around us. This work is an extreme example of the selfishness and disregard by a man that brought his own demise. This story has a message that\'s relevant to all of us, and we should be aware of our thoughts and actions everyday. God-fearing or not, there\'s not excuse to not act like a decent human being. Columbia.edu puts it best, \"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nAs a final analysis, Don Giovanni is a two act opera centered a selfish, womanizing man who sees only to benefit himself, and disregard the feelings of those around him. As is the fate of many like him, he is pulled down to hell for his refusal to repent for his crimes.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nThis particular TCP was especially difficult. How do you convey music through words? May only response would be that you cannot, you must listen for yourself. The story, however, was easy to explain. It had a simple plot that drove a single point effortlessly. The thing that has helped write this proposal the most would be what I have seen in my lifetime of people who\'ve acted selfishly and karma returned the favor. It\'s not an easy thing to miss, it\'s a cultural thing now, so much so I could write books and rants and still have not said enough about the subject. But let it be known that this work, at it\'s core, serves a good message to people willing to accept it.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div></div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWorks Cited:\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nPhoto:  http://i.ytimg.com/vi/t_nHeThpfLw/0.jpg\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni.\" Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.classical.net/music/recs/reviews/n/nxs60080a.php&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"...an  impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nBrode, Alyssa. \"Synopsis and Historical Context of Mozart\'s \'Don Giovanni\'\" Yahoo! Contributor Network.  Yahoo Contributer Network, 15 Nov. 2011. Web. 15 Oct. 2012.  &lt;http://voices.yahoo.com/synopsis-historical-context-mozarts-don-giovanni-10428675.html&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nChristian  Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this renowned  composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally great in  the comic as in the tragic.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n NYC Opera, comp. \"Mozart: Don Giovanni.\" New York City Opera Project: Don Giovanni (n.d.): n. pag. Mozart: Don Giovanni. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.columbia.edu/itc/music/NYCO/dongiovanni/synopsis.html&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n.\r\n\r\n</div>','Mozart\'s Don Giovanni','','inherit','open','open','','2692-revision-3','','','2012-10-15 11:36:27','2012-10-15 17:36:27','',2692,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2698',0,'revision','',0),(2708,64,'2012-10-15 11:40:59','2012-10-15 17:40:59','[caption id=\"\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"319\"]<a href=\"religious music in google images\"><img src=\"http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_DtmhjiI3ruk/TEspGnU0qCI/AAAAAAAAA_Y/-9sqTL1s6hY/s1600/lucy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"319\" height=\"564\" /></a> <br />Relilgious music[/caption]\r\n\r\nDuring the time of Johan Sebastian Bach’s musical career, a lot was going on in the world. This was a turning point in the world, the Early 1700’s. “One of the most influential cultural events of the early seventeenth century” (1)(fiero) had just taken place, the new English translation of the Holy Bible. Recruited by James 1 of England, a committee of about 50 scholars had begun the work of the translations of scriptures.” This marked the beginning of the Protestant Reformation. This was the  time when Martin Luther had translated the Holy Bible from Greek to German. “The translation of the Holy Bible played a special significance in those times. It gave people an inner light, (fiero) and brought a new light to urge people to break away from Roman Catholic beliefs. This spawned a Reformation, and through music it carried the same theme and message. There is one hymn that symbolizes the Protestant Reformation; it is \"A Mighty Fortress Is Our God.\" by Bach. Those persecuted and martyred for their convictions during the Reformation sang these same words.\r\n\r\n\"The one hymn that most symbolizes the Protestant Reformation is \"A Mighty Fortress Is Our God.\" In it, Martin Luther proclaims his confidence in God and rallies all Christians to war against evil. Basing his words on Psalm 46, he victoriously states \"We will not fear, for God has willed His truth to triumph through us.\" Those persecuted and martyred for their convictions during the Reformation sang these words from Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” Luther understood the power of evil: “After he posted his ninety-five theses on the door of Wittenberg\'s Castle in 1517, he faced years of trials and persecution, he was excommunicated from the Roman church, and he continually faced threats against his life and his freedom.” “Other reformers had been persecuted and burned at the stake.”                                                                                                                                                                              “But he also knew God is our refuge and strength, a very present help in danger\" (Psalm 46:1) and so he wrote \"A Mighty Fortress is our God,\" proclaiming boldly that \"the prince of darkness grim, we tremble  not for him . . . one little word shall fell him.\" Since he wrote it in 1529,” (2)\r\n\r\nThis piece both compares and differentiates to another piece of its time.  I think this piece compares to Handel’s Messiah, “Handel’s music brought scripture to life, that celebrates the birth of Jesus and is a collection of versus from the Old and New testament. “ The most famous of Handel’s works is the Messiah, which was written in the English of the King James Bible.” (fiero) The two compare because Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is our God” also is based on scripture, that cover Thessalonians, Revelations and Psalms.  The two differentiate because in Handel’s Messiah, the first part “recounts the Old Testament prophesies of a savior, the second part relates to the suffering and death of Jesus, and the third part rejoices in the redemption of humankind through Christ’s resurrection.”(fiero) while in Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” his piece translated is the scriptures from 2 Thessalonians 2:3-8 which talk about a man of Lawlessness, or a man of sin,(when translated) verse 3 of chapter 2 in the New testament of the Holy Bible also the first part of Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” say “Don’t let anyone deceive you in any way, for that day will not come until the rebellion occurs and the man of sin (some translations say rebellion) is revealed, the man doomed to destruction.”(3)  Bach’s piece is warning us of sin, unlike Handle’s Messiah which celebrate Jesus’ life. I believe “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” by Bach had a much more huge significance in the past than in today’s times because in those times people were willing to die for their own given right to practice what they religiously believed in, an example was Martin Luther’s friend Ulrich Zwingli, “who died Oct. 11, 1531, who was part of the Reformation as well, and believed one simple truth, it was the bible was the truth and anything else was not. Zwingli debated against the Roman Catholic Church on lent and clerical celibacy “calling them unbiblical.”(4) “The Roman Catholic Church declared war against the Protestants and Zwingly was killed, and his body was defiled.”(4)  Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” has been known to be the same exact battle that Zwingli died for and was attached to the Protestant movement, which was that “all western Christian believers that did  not adhere to Roman Catholic faith. This was a definitive decade for the creation of the Evangelical faith.”(5) This was the main theme behind Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is our God.” “Cantata No.80, the most important hymn of the Lutheran Church, Its melody unifies the eight movements of the cantata, which concludes with a four part setting of the chorale melody, sung in the style of the congregational hymn”(2)\r\n\r\nBach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” in my opinion does not have the same affect on listeners today as it did back in Bach’s time, although Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” is still around today. “Bach’s hymn has been translated into nearly every language. There are said to be over eighty English translations alone to this hymn, but the version most used in the United States is the translation by Frederic Henry Hedge in 1852. The first line of \"A Mighty Fortress Is Our God\" is inscribed on the tomb of Martin Luther at Wittenberg. And its powerful words and tune continue to live.” “The hymn was sung at the funeral of President Dwight D. Eisenhower at the National Cathedral in Washington DC, March 1969. And it was also included in the National Service of Prayer and Remembrance, held shortly after the September 11, 2001 attacks against America”(2). Today, Bach’s song doesn’t have the same impact on listeners because a lot of people including me did not even know the whole background setting of the song, what was going on during the years it was written and why it was written, its meaning and lyrics, and understanding of the Reformation movement, and to what they were reforming against. Today we do not have the same restrictions as in Bach’s times, being forced to believe in a religion, that know one really knew the religion because there was only one priest that had a bible that was written in Latin, and only the priest knew Latin and what the priest said was law, if anyone disagreed there were great repercussions sometimes death.  Today we are able to carry a bible of your choice at your own free will and express and believe in what ever you chose to believe in, because of the people of Bach’s time and of Bach’s song.  Many people died to have that right to believe in a religion of your choice. This song today does not have the same affect as it did back then, since we are overwhelmed with the many great choices in the land of the free to do and practice any religion of choice.\r\n\r\nIn Conclusion this song still helps to remind me to not take for granted of the many great opportunities that I do have today, and to cherish those opportunities, and to be grateful of the present freedoms we do have, because of this Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” would be a definite choice to take as a TCP to save and cherish for future generations.\r\n\r\n\"God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble\" (Psalm 46:1). With a beautiful reminder of that truth, \"A Mighty Fortress Is Our God\" gives us hope amidst the struggles of life. The words, written nearly five hundred years ago, still ring true today: When life storms blow in around us, we can find refuge in the mighty fortress of our God.”(2)','The work “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” by Johan Sebastion          Bach should be preserved because it inspired a Reformation and forces us to be grateful ','','inherit','open','open','','2695-revision-5','','','2012-10-15 11:40:59','2012-10-15 17:40:59','',2695,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2708',0,'revision','',0),(2700,66,'2012-10-15 11:37:29','2012-10-15 17:37:29','<div>\r\n\r\n[IMG]http://i757.photobucket.com/albums/xx219/Austin_Brockwell/0_zps7c6a7e9a.jpg[/IMG]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nDon Giovanni\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWolfgang Amadeus Mozart\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nOctober 29, 1787\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nMozart created an astounding piece of art with Don Giovanni, with its blend of comedic elements with morality and the eventual fate of the antagonist not only makes for a good story, but the score is what makes it arguably one of the best operas of all time. Thus, to its credit, the story has made great subject matter for many writers and philosophers. Don Giovanni should be preserved because the prospect of human nature and human morality created by the antagonist, Don Giovanni, sets up very contemplative and debatable subject matter and that it is considered to be one of the most unique and highly respective operas of all time not only for its music, but also for its story.\r\n\r\n<!--more-->\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nSet is Spain, Don Giovanni is a 2-act opera centered around  the man Don Giovanni; a young, arrogant, sexually promiscuous man who antagonizes an abuses those around him, \"...an impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\" as stated by Classical.net best describes.  Until finally  he eventually meets his fate as he is dragged down to hell. This work is unique to itself as it was done by the young Mozart which tells a story through a two act opera. Such was the time that Mozart was considered a genius and a revolutionary in the performing arts. Although vastly considered as a comedy, it is more a blend of comedy, melodrama and supernatural elements.  In an article by Yahoo! Voices, \"Christian Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this  renowned composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally  great in the comic as in the tragic.\", which is no less true of Don Giovanni.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nAs a innovative work, Don Giovanni was unique for it\'s short length and it\'s simple message. At the time of it\'s creation, it followed Mozart\'s earlier opera, The Marriage of Figaro, so it\'s no surprise to any that it was successful since by this time Mozart was a well known composer.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nThe modern artistic audience of today still greatly appreciate this work and is globally ranked as number 10 of the top operas of the world. As being one of Mozart\'s best known works, it is respectfully kept the same by many conductors and composers, Though there have been a handful that have made some slight additions or variations to the work itself. Mozart has always known to be a great composer and his works have been enjoyed by all the generations after him.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nNot knowing much of anything about the composition of music, I do appreciate it\'s complexity and it\'s fitment into the story, thus making it an opera. I find the story to be insightful and particularly relevant. A selfish egotistical man who spent his life hurting others for his own benefit, eventually falls victim to his own deeds  and is dragged down to hell. I find this relevant because selfishness is human nature, and every person is capable of the same actions as Don Giovanni. We often forget the basic laws of nature in that every action has a reaction and that they often find their way back to us. Whether you believe in heaven or hell, there is no excuse not to be a decent, civilized person. Thus, the portrayal of Don being pulled down to hell, be it literal or not, is something that should be a reminder to not overstep our bounds with one another with the intention of coming out on top.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWith only a year difference, Mozart composed both The Marriage of Figaro and Don Giovanni, and for the sake of simplicity, to compare and contrast the works of the same composer, it\'s best to have the mindset that it\'s not about the score of the opera, but the choice of the story he wished to convey the music through.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nIn comparison, Mozart did substantially well with both his works. Both are well known and highly regarded operas with a successful score and moral plot to the story line. Though not neither were an original story, their presentation and adaptation into an opera male them both still enjoyable to any audience .\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nIn contrast The Marriage of Figaro is a continuation of another story, The Barber of Seville, what we\'d call today to be a sequel. It also contrasts with Don Giovanni in that it is a much longer opera. Having four acts instead of Don Giovanni\'s two, The Marriage of Figaro is purely more of a comedy versus Don Giovanni as a melodramatic comedy.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nTo make my earlier point  more detailed, the most significant idea of the story, one that future generations should be aware of is the basic flawof our own selfish tendencies, and actions we take regarding them. It\'s a testament to  how easy it is to do as we please without considerations to those around us. This work is an extreme example of the selfishness and disregard by a man that brought his own demise. This story has a message that\'s relevant to all of us, and we should be aware of our thoughts and actions everyday. God-fearing or not, there\'s not excuse to not act like a decent human being. Columbia.edu puts it best, \"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nAs a final analysis, Don Giovanni is a two act opera centered a selfish, womanizing man who sees only to benefit himself, and disregard the feelings of those around him. As is the fate of many like him, he is pulled down to hell for his refusal to repent for his crimes.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nThis particular TCP was especially difficult. How do you convey music through words? May only response would be that you cannot, you must listen for yourself. The story, however, was easy to explain. It had a simple plot that drove a single point effortlessly. The thing that has helped write this proposal the most would be what I have seen in my lifetime of people who\'ve acted selfishly and karma returned the favor. It\'s not an easy thing to miss, it\'s a cultural thing now, so much so I could write books and rants and still have not said enough about the subject. But let it be known that this work, at it\'s core, serves a good message to people willing to accept it.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div></div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWorks Cited:\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nPhoto:  http://i.ytimg.com/vi/t_nHeThpfLw/0.jpg\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni.\" Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.classical.net/music/recs/reviews/n/nxs60080a.php&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"...an  impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nBrode, Alyssa. \"Synopsis and Historical Context of Mozart\'s \'Don Giovanni\'\" Yahoo! Contributor Network.  Yahoo Contributer Network, 15 Nov. 2011. Web. 15 Oct. 2012.  &lt;http://voices.yahoo.com/synopsis-historical-context-mozarts-don-giovanni-10428675.html&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nChristian  Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this renowned  composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally great in  the comic as in the tragic.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n NYC Opera, comp. \"Mozart: Don Giovanni.\" New York City Opera Project: Don Giovanni (n.d.): n. pag. Mozart: Don Giovanni. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.columbia.edu/itc/music/NYCO/dongiovanni/synopsis.html&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n.\r\n\r\n</div>','Mozart\'s Don Giovanni','','inherit','open','open','','2692-revision-5','','','2012-10-15 11:37:29','2012-10-15 17:37:29','',2692,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2700',0,'revision','',0),(2699,66,'2012-10-15 11:37:05','2012-10-15 17:37:05','<div>\r\n\r\n&lt;a href=\"http://s757.beta.photobucket.com/user/Austin_Brockwell/library/\" target=\"_blank\"&gt;&lt;img src=\"http://i757.photobucket.com/albums/xx219/Austin_Brockwell/0_zps7c6a7e9a.jpg\" border=\"0\" alt=\"Photobucket\"/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;\r\n\r\nDon Giovanni\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWolfgang Amadeus Mozart\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nOctober 29, 1787\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nMozart created an astounding piece of art with Don Giovanni, with its blend of comedic elements with morality and the eventual fate of the antagonist not only makes for a good story, but the score is what makes it arguably one of the best operas of all time. Thus, to its credit, the story has made great subject matter for many writers and philosophers. Don Giovanni should be preserved because the prospect of human nature and human morality created by the antagonist, Don Giovanni, sets up very contemplative and debatable subject matter and that it is considered to be one of the most unique and highly respective operas of all time not only for its music, but also for its story.\r\n\r\n<!--more-->\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nSet is Spain, Don Giovanni is a 2-act opera centered around  the man Don Giovanni; a young, arrogant, sexually promiscuous man who antagonizes an abuses those around him, \"...an impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\" as stated by Classical.net best describes.  Until finally  he eventually meets his fate as he is dragged down to hell. This work is unique to itself as it was done by the young Mozart which tells a story through a two act opera. Such was the time that Mozart was considered a genius and a revolutionary in the performing arts. Although vastly considered as a comedy, it is more a blend of comedy, melodrama and supernatural elements.  In an article by Yahoo! Voices, \"Christian Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this  renowned composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally  great in the comic as in the tragic.\", which is no less true of Don Giovanni.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nAs a innovative work, Don Giovanni was unique for it\'s short length and it\'s simple message. At the time of it\'s creation, it followed Mozart\'s earlier opera, The Marriage of Figaro, so it\'s no surprise to any that it was successful since by this time Mozart was a well known composer.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nThe modern artistic audience of today still greatly appreciate this work and is globally ranked as number 10 of the top operas of the world. As being one of Mozart\'s best known works, it is respectfully kept the same by many conductors and composers, Though there have been a handful that have made some slight additions or variations to the work itself. Mozart has always known to be a great composer and his works have been enjoyed by all the generations after him.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nNot knowing much of anything about the composition of music, I do appreciate it\'s complexity and it\'s fitment into the story, thus making it an opera. I find the story to be insightful and particularly relevant. A selfish egotistical man who spent his life hurting others for his own benefit, eventually falls victim to his own deeds  and is dragged down to hell. I find this relevant because selfishness is human nature, and every person is capable of the same actions as Don Giovanni. We often forget the basic laws of nature in that every action has a reaction and that they often find their way back to us. Whether you believe in heaven or hell, there is no excuse not to be a decent, civilized person. Thus, the portrayal of Don being pulled down to hell, be it literal or not, is something that should be a reminder to not overstep our bounds with one another with the intention of coming out on top.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWith only a year difference, Mozart composed both The Marriage of Figaro and Don Giovanni, and for the sake of simplicity, to compare and contrast the works of the same composer, it\'s best to have the mindset that it\'s not about the score of the opera, but the choice of the story he wished to convey the music through.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nIn comparison, Mozart did substantially well with both his works. Both are well known and highly regarded operas with a successful score and moral plot to the story line. Though not neither were an original story, their presentation and adaptation into an opera male them both still enjoyable to any audience .\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nIn contrast The Marriage of Figaro is a continuation of another story, The Barber of Seville, what we\'d call today to be a sequel. It also contrasts with Don Giovanni in that it is a much longer opera. Having four acts instead of Don Giovanni\'s two, The Marriage of Figaro is purely more of a comedy versus Don Giovanni as a melodramatic comedy.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nTo make my earlier point  more detailed, the most significant idea of the story, one that future generations should be aware of is the basic flawof our own selfish tendencies, and actions we take regarding them. It\'s a testament to  how easy it is to do as we please without considerations to those around us. This work is an extreme example of the selfishness and disregard by a man that brought his own demise. This story has a message that\'s relevant to all of us, and we should be aware of our thoughts and actions everyday. God-fearing or not, there\'s not excuse to not act like a decent human being. Columbia.edu puts it best, \"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nAs a final analysis, Don Giovanni is a two act opera centered a selfish, womanizing man who sees only to benefit himself, and disregard the feelings of those around him. As is the fate of many like him, he is pulled down to hell for his refusal to repent for his crimes.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nThis particular TCP was especially difficult. How do you convey music through words? May only response would be that you cannot, you must listen for yourself. The story, however, was easy to explain. It had a simple plot that drove a single point effortlessly. The thing that has helped write this proposal the most would be what I have seen in my lifetime of people who\'ve acted selfishly and karma returned the favor. It\'s not an easy thing to miss, it\'s a cultural thing now, so much so I could write books and rants and still have not said enough about the subject. But let it be known that this work, at it\'s core, serves a good message to people willing to accept it.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div></div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWorks Cited:\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nPhoto:  http://i.ytimg.com/vi/t_nHeThpfLw/0.jpg\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni.\" Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.classical.net/music/recs/reviews/n/nxs60080a.php&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"...an  impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nBrode, Alyssa. \"Synopsis and Historical Context of Mozart\'s \'Don Giovanni\'\" Yahoo! Contributor Network.  Yahoo Contributer Network, 15 Nov. 2011. Web. 15 Oct. 2012.  &lt;http://voices.yahoo.com/synopsis-historical-context-mozarts-don-giovanni-10428675.html&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nChristian  Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this renowned  composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally great in  the comic as in the tragic.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n NYC Opera, comp. \"Mozart: Don Giovanni.\" New York City Opera Project: Don Giovanni (n.d.): n. pag. Mozart: Don Giovanni. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.columbia.edu/itc/music/NYCO/dongiovanni/synopsis.html&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n.\r\n\r\n</div>','Mozart\'s Don Giovanni','','inherit','open','open','','2692-revision-4','','','2012-10-15 11:37:05','2012-10-15 17:37:05','',2692,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2699',0,'revision','',0),(2701,64,'2012-10-15 11:37:21','2012-10-15 17:37:21','[caption id=\"\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"319\"]<a href=\"religious music in google images\"><img src=\"http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_DtmhjiI3ruk/TEspGnU0qCI/AAAAAAAAA_Y/-9sqTL1s6hY/s1600/lucy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"319\" height=\"564\" /></a> <br />Relilgious music[/caption]','The work “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” by Johan Sebastion          Bach should be preserved because it inspired a Reformation and forces us to be grateful ','','inherit','open','open','','2695-revision','','','2012-10-15 11:37:21','2012-10-15 17:37:21','',2695,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2701',0,'revision','',0),(2702,64,'2012-10-15 11:38:29','2012-10-15 17:38:29','[caption id=\"\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"319\"]<a href=\"religious music in google images\"><img src=\"http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_DtmhjiI3ruk/TEspGnU0qCI/AAAAAAAAA_Y/-9sqTL1s6hY/s1600/lucy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"319\" height=\"564\" /></a> <br />Relilgious music[/caption]','The work “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” by Johan Sebastion          Bach should be preserved because it inspired a Reformation and forces us to be grateful ','','inherit','open','open','','2695-revision-2','','','2012-10-15 11:38:29','2012-10-15 17:38:29','',2695,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2702',0,'revision','',0),(2703,66,'2012-10-15 11:37:33','2012-10-15 17:37:33','<div>\r\n\r\n[IMG]http://i757.photobucket.com/albums/xx219/Austin_Brockwell/0_zps7c6a7e9a.jpg[/IMG]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nDon Giovanni\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWolfgang Amadeus Mozart\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nOctober 29, 1787\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nMozart created an astounding piece of art with Don Giovanni, with its blend of comedic elements with morality and the eventual fate of the antagonist not only makes for a good story, but the score is what makes it arguably one of the best operas of all time. Thus, to its credit, the story has made great subject matter for many writers and philosophers. Don Giovanni should be preserved because the prospect of human nature and human morality created by the antagonist, Don Giovanni, sets up very contemplative and debatable subject matter and that it is considered to be one of the most unique and highly respective operas of all time not only for its music, but also for its story.\r\n\r\n<!--more-->\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nSet is Spain, Don Giovanni is a 2-act opera centered around  the man Don Giovanni; a young, arrogant, sexually promiscuous man who antagonizes an abuses those around him, \"...an impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\" as stated by Classical.net best describes.  Until finally  he eventually meets his fate as he is dragged down to hell. This work is unique to itself as it was done by the young Mozart which tells a story through a two act opera. Such was the time that Mozart was considered a genius and a revolutionary in the performing arts. Although vastly considered as a comedy, it is more a blend of comedy, melodrama and supernatural elements.  In an article by Yahoo! Voices, \"Christian Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this  renowned composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally  great in the comic as in the tragic.\", which is no less true of Don Giovanni.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nAs a innovative work, Don Giovanni was unique for it\'s short length and it\'s simple message. At the time of it\'s creation, it followed Mozart\'s earlier opera, The Marriage of Figaro, so it\'s no surprise to any that it was successful since by this time Mozart was a well known composer.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nThe modern artistic audience of today still greatly appreciate this work and is globally ranked as number 10 of the top operas of the world. As being one of Mozart\'s best known works, it is respectfully kept the same by many conductors and composers, Though there have been a handful that have made some slight additions or variations to the work itself. Mozart has always known to be a great composer and his works have been enjoyed by all the generations after him.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nNot knowing much of anything about the composition of music, I do appreciate it\'s complexity and it\'s fitment into the story, thus making it an opera. I find the story to be insightful and particularly relevant. A selfish egotistical man who spent his life hurting others for his own benefit, eventually falls victim to his own deeds  and is dragged down to hell. I find this relevant because selfishness is human nature, and every person is capable of the same actions as Don Giovanni. We often forget the basic laws of nature in that every action has a reaction and that they often find their way back to us. Whether you believe in heaven or hell, there is no excuse not to be a decent, civilized person. Thus, the portrayal of Don being pulled down to hell, be it literal or not, is something that should be a reminder to not overstep our bounds with one another with the intention of coming out on top.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWith only a year difference, Mozart composed both The Marriage of Figaro and Don Giovanni, and for the sake of simplicity, to compare and contrast the works of the same composer, it\'s best to have the mindset that it\'s not about the score of the opera, but the choice of the story he wished to convey the music through.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nIn comparison, Mozart did substantially well with both his works. Both are well known and highly regarded operas with a successful score and moral plot to the story line. Though not neither were an original story, their presentation and adaptation into an opera male them both still enjoyable to any audience .\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nIn contrast The Marriage of Figaro is a continuation of another story, The Barber of Seville, what we\'d call today to be a sequel. It also contrasts with Don Giovanni in that it is a much longer opera. Having four acts instead of Don Giovanni\'s two, The Marriage of Figaro is purely more of a comedy versus Don Giovanni as a melodramatic comedy.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nTo make my earlier point  more detailed, the most significant idea of the story, one that future generations should be aware of is the basic flawof our own selfish tendencies, and actions we take regarding them. It\'s a testament to  how easy it is to do as we please without considerations to those around us. This work is an extreme example of the selfishness and disregard by a man that brought his own demise. This story has a message that\'s relevant to all of us, and we should be aware of our thoughts and actions everyday. God-fearing or not, there\'s not excuse to not act like a decent human being. Columbia.edu puts it best, \"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nAs a final analysis, Don Giovanni is a two act opera centered a selfish, womanizing man who sees only to benefit himself, and disregard the feelings of those around him. As is the fate of many like him, he is pulled down to hell for his refusal to repent for his crimes.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nThis particular TCP was especially difficult. How do you convey music through words? May only response would be that you cannot, you must listen for yourself. The story, however, was easy to explain. It had a simple plot that drove a single point effortlessly. The thing that has helped write this proposal the most would be what I have seen in my lifetime of people who\'ve acted selfishly and karma returned the favor. It\'s not an easy thing to miss, it\'s a cultural thing now, so much so I could write books and rants and still have not said enough about the subject. But let it be known that this work, at it\'s core, serves a good message to people willing to accept it.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div></div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWorks Cited:\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nPhoto:  http://i.ytimg.com/vi/t_nHeThpfLw/0.jpg\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni.\" Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.classical.net/music/recs/reviews/n/nxs60080a.php&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"...an  impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nBrode, Alyssa. \"Synopsis and Historical Context of Mozart\'s \'Don Giovanni\'\" Yahoo! Contributor Network.  Yahoo Contributer Network, 15 Nov. 2011. Web. 15 Oct. 2012.  &lt;http://voices.yahoo.com/synopsis-historical-context-mozarts-don-giovanni-10428675.html&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nChristian  Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this renowned  composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally great in  the comic as in the tragic.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n NYC Opera, comp. \"Mozart: Don Giovanni.\" New York City Opera Project: Don Giovanni (n.d.): n. pag. Mozart: Don Giovanni. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.columbia.edu/itc/music/NYCO/dongiovanni/synopsis.html&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n.\r\n\r\n</div>','Mozart\'s Don Giovanni','','inherit','open','open','','2692-revision-6','','','2012-10-15 11:37:33','2012-10-15 17:37:33','',2692,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2703',0,'revision','',0),(2704,64,'2012-10-15 11:40:14','2012-10-15 17:40:14','[caption id=\"\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"319\"]<a href=\"religious music in google images\"><img src=\"http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_DtmhjiI3ruk/TEspGnU0qCI/AAAAAAAAA_Y/-9sqTL1s6hY/s1600/lucy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"319\" height=\"564\" /></a> <br />Relilgious music[/caption]','The work “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” by Johan Sebastion          Bach should be preserved because it inspired a Reformation and forces us to be grateful ','','inherit','open','open','','2695-revision-3','','','2012-10-15 11:40:14','2012-10-15 17:40:14','',2695,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2704',0,'revision','',0),(2705,64,'2012-10-15 11:40:46','2012-10-15 17:40:46','[caption id=\"\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"319\"]<a href=\"religious music in google images\"><img src=\"http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_DtmhjiI3ruk/TEspGnU0qCI/AAAAAAAAA_Y/-9sqTL1s6hY/s1600/lucy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"319\" height=\"564\" /></a> <br />Relilgious music[/caption]\r\n\r\nDuring the time of Johan Sebastian Bach’s musical career, a lot was going on in the world. This was a turning point in the world, the Early 1700’s. “One of the most influential cultural events of the early seventeenth century” (1)(fiero) had just taken place, the new English translation of the Holy Bible. Recruited by James 1 of England, a committee of about 50 scholars had begun the work of the translations of scriptures.” This marked the beginning of the Protestant Reformation. This was the  time when Martin Luther had translated the Holy Bible from Greek to German. “The translation of the Holy Bible played a special significance in those times. It gave people an inner light, (fiero) and brought a new light to urge people to break away from Roman Catholic beliefs. This spawned a Reformation, and through music it carried the same theme and message. There is one hymn that symbolizes the Protestant Reformation; it is \"A Mighty Fortress Is Our God.\" by Bach. Those persecuted and martyred for their convictions during the Reformation sang these same words.\r\n\r\n\"The one hymn that most symbolizes the Protestant Reformation is \"A Mighty Fortress Is Our God.\" In it, Martin Luther proclaims his confidence in God and rallies all Christians to war against evil. Basing his words on Psalm 46, he victoriously states \"We will not fear, for God has willed His truth to triumph through us.\" Those persecuted and martyred for their convictions during the Reformation sang these words from Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” Luther understood the power of evil: “After he posted his ninety-five theses on the door of Wittenberg\'s Castle in 1517, he faced years of trials and persecution, he was excommunicated from the Roman church, and he continually faced threats against his life and his freedom.” “Other reformers had been persecuted and burned at the stake.”                                                                                                                                                                              “But he also knew God is our refuge and strength, a very present help in danger\" (Psalm 46:1) and so he wrote \"A Mighty Fortress is our God,\" proclaiming boldly that \"the prince of darkness grim, we tremble  not for him . . . one little word shall fell him.\" Since he wrote it in 1529,” (2)\r\n\r\nThis piece both compares and differentiates to another piece of its time.  I think this piece compares to Handel’s Messiah, “Handel’s music brought scripture to life, that celebrates the birth of Jesus and is a collection of versus from the Old and New testament. “ The most famous of Handel’s works is the Messiah, which was written in the English of the King James Bible.” (fiero) The two compare because Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is our God” also is based on scripture, that cover Thessalonians, Revelations and Psalms.  The two differentiate because in Handel’s Messiah, the first part “recounts the Old Testament prophesies of a savior, the second part relates to the suffering and death of Jesus, and the third part rejoices in the redemption of humankind through Christ’s resurrection.”(fiero) while in Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” his piece translated is the scriptures from 2 Thessalonians 2:3-8 which talk about a man of Lawlessness, or a man of sin,(when translated) verse 3 of chapter 2 in the New testament of the Holy Bible also the first part of Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” say “Don’t let anyone deceive you in any way, for that day will not come until the rebellion occurs and the man of sin (some translations say rebellion) is revealed, the man doomed to destruction.”(3)  Bach’s piece is warning us of sin, unlike Handle’s Messiah which celebrate Jesus’ life. I believe “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” by Bach had a much more huge significance in the past than in today’s times because in those times people were willing to die for their own given right to practice what they religiously believed in, an example was Martin Luther’s friend Ulrich Zwingli, “who died Oct. 11, 1531, who was part of the Reformation as well, and believed one simple truth, it was the bible was the truth and anything else was not. Zwingli debated against the Roman Catholic Church on lent and clerical celibacy “calling them unbiblical.”(4) “The Roman Catholic Church declared war against the Protestants and Zwingly was killed, and his body was defiled.”(4)  Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” has been known to be the same exact battle that Zwingli died for and was attached to the Protestant movement, which was that “all western Christian believers that did  not adhere to Roman Catholic faith. This was a definitive decade for the creation of the Evangelical faith.”(5) This was the main theme behind Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is our God.” “Cantata No.80, the most important hymn of the Lutheran Church, Its melody unifies the eight movements of the cantata, which concludes with a four part setting of the chorale melody, sung in the style of the congregational hymn”(2)\r\n\r\nBach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” in my opinion does not have the same affect on listeners today as it did back in Bach’s time, although Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” is still around today. “Bach’s hymn has been translated into nearly every language. There are said to be over eighty English translations alone to this hymn, but the version most used in the United States is the translation by Frederic Henry Hedge in 1852. The first line of \"A Mighty Fortress Is Our God\" is inscribed on the tomb of Martin Luther at Wittenberg. And its powerful words and tune continue to live.” “The hymn was sung at the funeral of President Dwight D. Eisenhower at the National Cathedral in Washington DC, March 1969. And it was also included in the National Service of Prayer and Remembrance, held shortly after the September 11, 2001 attacks against America”(2). Today, Bach’s song doesn’t have the same impact on listeners because a lot of people including me did not even know the whole background setting of the song, what was going on during the years it was written and why it was written, its meaning and lyrics, and understanding of the Reformation movement, and to what they were reforming against. Today we do not have the same restrictions as in Bach’s times, being forced to believe in a religion, that know one really knew the religion because there was only one priest that had a bible that was written in Latin, and only the priest knew Latin and what the priest said was law, if anyone disagreed there were great repercussions sometimes death.  Today we are able to carry a bible of your choice at your own free will and express and believe in what ever you chose to believe in, because of the people of Bach’s time and of Bach’s song.  Many people died to have that right to believe in a religion of your choice. This song today does not have the same affect as it did back then, since we are overwhelmed with the many great choices in the land of the free to do and practice any religion of choice.\r\n\r\nIn Conclusion this song still helps to remind me to not take for granted of the many great opportunities that I do have today, and to cherish those opportunities, and to be grateful of the present freedoms we do have, because of this Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” would be a definite choice to take as a TCP to save and cherish for future generations.\r\n\r\n\"God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble\" (Psalm 46:1). With a beautiful reminder of that truth, \"A Mighty Fortress Is Our God\" gives us hope amidst the struggles of life. The words, written nearly five hundred years ago, still ring true today: When life storms blow in around us, we can find refuge in the mighty fortress of our God.”(2)','The work “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” by Johan Sebastion          Bach should be preserved because it inspired a Reformation and forces us to be grateful ','','inherit','open','open','','2695-revision-4','','','2012-10-15 11:40:46','2012-10-15 17:40:46','',2695,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2705',0,'revision','',0),(2706,66,'2012-10-15 11:40:28','2012-10-15 17:40:28','<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n[IMG]http://i757.photobucket.com/albums/xx219/Austin_Brockwell/0_zps7c6a7e9a.jpg[/IMG]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nDon Giovanni\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWolfgang Amadeus Mozart\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nOctober 29, 1787\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nMozart created an astounding piece of art with Don Giovanni, with its blend of comedic elements with morality and the eventual fate of the antagonist not only makes for a good story, but the score is what makes it arguably one of the best operas of all time. Thus, to its credit, the story has made great subject matter for many writers and philosophers. Don Giovanni should be preserved because the prospect of human nature and human morality created by the antagonist, Don Giovanni, sets up very contemplative and debatable subject matter and that it is considered to be one of the most unique and highly respective operas of all time not only for its music, but also for its story.\r\n\r\n<!--more-->\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nSet is Spain, Don Giovanni is a 2-act opera centered around  the man Don Giovanni; a young, arrogant, sexually promiscuous man who antagonizes an abuses those around him, \"...an impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\" as stated by Classical.net best describes.  Until finally  he eventually meets his fate as he is dragged down to hell. This work is unique to itself as it was done by the young Mozart which tells a story through a two act opera. Such was the time that Mozart was considered a genius and a revolutionary in the performing arts. Although vastly considered as a comedy, it is more a blend of comedy, melodrama and supernatural elements.  In an article by Yahoo! Voices, \"Christian Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this  renowned composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally  great in the comic as in the tragic.\", which is no less true of Don Giovanni.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nAs a innovative work, Don Giovanni was unique for it\'s short length and it\'s simple message. At the time of it\'s creation, it followed Mozart\'s earlier opera, The Marriage of Figaro, so it\'s no surprise to any that it was successful since by this time Mozart was a well known composer.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nThe modern artistic audience of today still greatly appreciate this work and is globally ranked as number 10 of the top operas of the world. As being one of Mozart\'s best known works, it is respectfully kept the same by many conductors and composers, Though there have been a handful that have made some slight additions or variations to the work itself. Mozart has always known to be a great composer and his works have been enjoyed by all the generations after him.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nNot knowing much of anything about the composition of music, I do appreciate it\'s complexity and it\'s fitment into the story, thus making it an opera. I find the story to be insightful and particularly relevant. A selfish egotistical man who spent his life hurting others for his own benefit, eventually falls victim to his own deeds  and is dragged down to hell. I find this relevant because selfishness is human nature, and every person is capable of the same actions as Don Giovanni. We often forget the basic laws of nature in that every action has a reaction and that they often find their way back to us. Whether you believe in heaven or hell, there is no excuse not to be a decent, civilized person. Thus, the portrayal of Don being pulled down to hell, be it literal or not, is something that should be a reminder to not overstep our bounds with one another with the intention of coming out on top.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWith only a year difference, Mozart composed both The Marriage of Figaro and Don Giovanni, and for the sake of simplicity, to compare and contrast the works of the same composer, it\'s best to have the mindset that it\'s not about the score of the opera, but the choice of the story he wished to convey the music through.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nIn comparison, Mozart did substantially well with both his works. Both are well known and highly regarded operas with a successful score and moral plot to the story line. Though not neither were an original story, their presentation and adaptation into an opera male them both still enjoyable to any audience .\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nIn contrast The Marriage of Figaro is a continuation of another story, The Barber of Seville, what we\'d call today to be a sequel. It also contrasts with Don Giovanni in that it is a much longer opera. Having four acts instead of Don Giovanni\'s two, The Marriage of Figaro is purely more of a comedy versus Don Giovanni as a melodramatic comedy.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nTo make my earlier point  more detailed, the most significant idea of the story, one that future generations should be aware of is the basic flawof our own selfish tendencies, and actions we take regarding them. It\'s a testament to  how easy it is to do as we please without considerations to those around us. This work is an extreme example of the selfishness and disregard by a man that brought his own demise. This story has a message that\'s relevant to all of us, and we should be aware of our thoughts and actions everyday. God-fearing or not, there\'s not excuse to not act like a decent human being. Columbia.edu puts it best, \"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nAs a final analysis, Don Giovanni is a two act opera centered a selfish, womanizing man who sees only to benefit himself, and disregard the feelings of those around him. As is the fate of many like him, he is pulled down to hell for his refusal to repent for his crimes.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nThis particular TCP was especially difficult. How do you convey music through words? May only response would be that you cannot, you must listen for yourself. The story, however, was easy to explain. It had a simple plot that drove a single point effortlessly. The thing that has helped write this proposal the most would be what I have seen in my lifetime of people who\'ve acted selfishly and karma returned the favor. It\'s not an easy thing to miss, it\'s a cultural thing now, so much so I could write books and rants and still have not said enough about the subject. But let it be known that this work, at it\'s core, serves a good message to people willing to accept it.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div></div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWorks Cited:\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nPhoto:  http://i.ytimg.com/vi/t_nHeThpfLw/0.jpg\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni.\" Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.classical.net/music/recs/reviews/n/nxs60080a.php&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"...an  impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nBrode, Alyssa. \"Synopsis and Historical Context of Mozart\'s \'Don Giovanni\'\" Yahoo! Contributor Network.  Yahoo Contributer Network, 15 Nov. 2011. Web. 15 Oct. 2012.  &lt;http://voices.yahoo.com/synopsis-historical-context-mozarts-don-giovanni-10428675.html&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nChristian  Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this renowned  composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally great in  the comic as in the tragic.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n NYC Opera, comp. \"Mozart: Don Giovanni.\" New York City Opera Project: Don Giovanni (n.d.): n. pag. Mozart: Don Giovanni. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.columbia.edu/itc/music/NYCO/dongiovanni/synopsis.html&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n.\r\n\r\n</div>','Mozart\'s Don Giovanni','','inherit','open','open','','2692-revision-7','','','2012-10-15 11:40:28','2012-10-15 17:40:28','',2692,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2706',0,'revision','',0),(2707,57,'2012-10-15 11:41:38','2012-10-15 17:41:38','[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"515\"]<img src=\"http://blog.wegowise.com/Portals/107469/images/versailles%20lawns%20wegowise.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"515\" height=\"328\" /> http://blog.wegowise.com/Portals/107469/images/versailles%20lawns%20wegowise.jpg<br />The Palace of Versailles[/caption]\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"></p>\n                Beginning in 1500 innovative things began to form in the world. The Scientific Revolution was taking off alongside the Protestant and Catholic Reformations. People were starting to think for themselves without the leadership of the church and state. In the mid-late 1600s the Enlightenment sprang up which offered new philosophical ideas about science, religion, and government. Regardless of these new trends though, in France King Louis the 14<sup>th</sup> took power and changed France to an Absolute Monarchy, meaning not even the church was above him. King Louis the 14<sup>th</sup> began the process which would ultimately lead to his citizens rising up and taking the government over. In 1788 the French government went bankrupt after aiding the United States in their revolution on top of all the construction on the palace, and in 1789 the French revolution began (Fiero).\n\n<!--more-->\n\nThe Palace of Versailles truly is a magnificent piece of art. Located in Versailles, France, the palace and its gardens took up 37,000 acres of land (Link Paris). The initial building phase was constructed in 1624, and it was a hunting lodge for King Louis the 13<sup>th</sup>. But what was to come over the next 150 years was breathtaking. The Palace of Versailles went through about 5 architects and designers, and there were 3 main building phases. The Palace of Versailles should be preserved because it not only is a piece of art, but it is also an important historical site.\n\nThe palace while very astonishing, had some typical pieces. The palace was designed by using a popular art trend called Baroque, meaning very ornate and grand designs. Fiero says, “…in combination with a taste for spatial grandeur, dramatic contrast, and theatrical display, were the distinguishing features of the Classical Baroque Style (Fiero).”\n\nWhat makes the Palace of Versailles so innovative is the scale of the design. The land area of the whole palace including the garden was half the size of Paris (Fiero). The palace itself was home to every member of the government; the courts and their families, the king and his whole family, servants and gardeners. There were apartments as part of the palace; there was also a theatre, zoo, mini palaces, a cathedral, and court houses. The garden itself was on 7 square miles of land (Fiero). This majestic site has had several attempts at recreation in other countries, but specifics I will mention later.\n\nAt the time it was built there were 2 very polar responses to the palace. On one side was a frustrated public. The citizens of France were very poor; they lived in one bedroom homes. Seeing the government in such an ornate palace wasn’t a very warm feeling. On the opposite end of the spectrum was the world response to the palace. Many other monarchies’ saw the palace as a symbol of power and wealth, the “French style” became something many countries idolized (Fiero). At the time, there were attempts to copy the palace in Kassel, Stockholm, Vienna, Hungary, Italy, and Spain (IVC).\n\nToday, the Palace is considered art. Today people view France as snooty, fancy, and high class most likely originating from this building. The French government has since returned art work stolen during the French revolution and continues to preserve Versailles. The palace is now a museum/tourist attraction, and also a government building with government offices. According to the museum there, Versailles receives about 2,400,000 visitors a year, and 70% of that is foreigners (Guardiola). The palace has also been the location of a few key treaty signings in the Hall of Mirrors. In 1783, a treaty was signed ending the American Revolution; in 1871, a treaty was signed ending the Franco- Prussian War; and most famously the palace housed the controversial treaty ending World War 1 in 1919 (Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia). Recently in the United States, a family in Florida attempted to build their own Palace of Versailles, but never finished it.\n\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"482\"]<img src=\"http://www.visitingdc.com/images/hall-of-mirrors-versailles.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"283\" /> http://www.visitingdc.com/images/hall-of-mirrors-versailles.jpg<br />The Hall of Mirrors[/caption]\n\nMy personal reaction to the palace is as polar as the responses at the time. On one side it disgusts me because of the blatant disregard for the citizens, and really the country as a whole. The government form of Absolutism is just ridiculous, as shown by France, and goes against all the Enlightenment ideals of the time. On the other end though, I think the Palace is just magnificent. It is jaw dropping gorgeous, and has been the host to many historical events, both French and Worldly.\n\nLike the Palace of Versailles, another big build was taking place in India called the Taj Mahal. The Taj Mahal was built as a tomb for Shah Jahan’s favorite wife, a “Monument for Love” (Tasker). There were several similarities between  the two builds. One being the builder. Louis the 14<sup>th</sup> and Shah Jahan both were extremely wealthy and loved luxury; also both rulers used the countries treasury to fund the two projects. The Taj Mahal was finished in 1648. It’s name is from two things, Mahal was her last name and Taj means crown in persain but to the muslims it was a conical hat so that’s why the main building is a dome. The jewels were put in to show nobility and prestige (Tasker). The building shows the wealth of the Mughuls, or as Tasker puts it, “…the splendor of the Mughal Empire… (Tasker).” This makes it like the Palace of Versailles also because the Palace symbolized French power and wealth.\n\nThere are a few significant things that future generations can take from the Palace of Versailles. They can take it as a lesson of not being selfish, because it will eventually bounce back on you. But they can also use it as a guide for 1600s-1700s art and architecture. The Baroque style that France perfecting, the fountains in the garden, the sculptures, the paintings, everything is one big culture lesson. Also, just thinking that in that palace wars were ended is a pretty cool thought. The Palace really should continue to be preserved as close to the 1700s model as possible because it is just so key to history and art.','The Palace of Versailles in Versailles, France','','inherit','open','open','','2691-revision','','','2012-10-15 11:41:38','2012-10-15 17:41:38','',2691,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2707',0,'revision','',0),(2709,57,'2012-10-15 11:43:00','2012-10-15 17:43:00','[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"515\"]<img src=\"http://blog.wegowise.com/Portals/107469/images/versailles%20lawns%20wegowise.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"515\" height=\"328\" /> http://blog.wegowise.com/Portals/107469/images/versailles%20lawns%20wegowise.jpg<br />The Palace of Versailles[/caption]\n\nBeginning in 1500 the world was increasingly innovative. The Scientific Revolution was taking off alongside the Protestant and Catholic Reformations. People were starting to think for themselves without the leadership of the church and state. In the mid-late 1600s the Enlightenment sprang up which offered new philosophical ideas about science, religion, and government. Regardless of these new trends though, in France King Louis the 14<sup>th</sup> took power and changed France to an Absolute Monarchy, meaning not even the church was above him. King Louis the 14<sup>th</sup> began the process which would ultimately lead to his citizens rising up and taking the government over. In 1788 the French government went bankrupt after aiding the United States in their revolution on top of all the construction on the palace, and in 1789 the French revolution began (Fiero).\n\n<!--more-->\n\nThe Palace of Versailles truly is a magnificent piece of art. Located in Versailles, France, the palace and its gardens took up 37,000 acres of land (Link Paris). The initial building phase was constructed in 1624, and it was a hunting lodge for King Louis the 13<sup>th</sup>. But what was to come over the next 150 years was breathtaking. The Palace of Versailles went through about 5 architects and designers, and there were 3 main building phases. The Palace of Versailles should be preserved because it not only is a piece of art, but it is also an important historical site.\n\nThe palace while very astonishing, had some typical pieces. The palace was designed by using a popular art trend called Baroque, meaning very ornate and grand designs. Fiero says, “…in combination with a taste for spatial grandeur, dramatic contrast, and theatrical display, were the distinguishing features of the Classical Baroque Style (Fiero).”\n\nWhat makes the Palace of Versailles so innovative is the scale of the design. The land area of the whole palace including the garden was half the size of Paris (Fiero). The palace itself was home to every member of the government; the courts and their families, the king and his whole family, servants and gardeners. There were apartments as part of the palace; there was also a theatre, zoo, mini palaces, a cathedral, and court houses. The garden itself was on 7 square miles of land (Fiero). This majestic site has had several attempts at recreation in other countries, but specifics I will mention later.\n\nAt the time it was built there were 2 very polar responses to the palace. On one side was a frustrated public. The citizens of France were very poor; they lived in one bedroom homes. Seeing the government in such an ornate palace wasn’t a very warm feeling. On the opposite end of the spectrum was the world response to the palace. Many other monarchies’ saw the palace as a symbol of power and wealth, the “French style” became something many countries idolized (Fiero). At the time, there were attempts to copy the palace in Kassel, Stockholm, Vienna, Hungary, Italy, and Spain (IVC).\n\nToday, the Palace is considered art. Today people view France as snooty, fancy, and high class most likely originating from this building. The French government has since returned art work stolen during the French revolution and continues to preserve Versailles. The palace is now a museum/tourist attraction, and also a government building with government offices. According to the museum there, Versailles receives about 2,400,000 visitors a year, and 70% of that is foreigners (Guardiola). The palace has also been the location of a few key treaty signings in the Hall of Mirrors. In 1783, a treaty was signed ending the American Revolution; in 1871, a treaty was signed ending the Franco- Prussian War; and most famously the palace housed the controversial treaty ending World War 1 in 1919 (Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia). Recently in the United States, a family in Florida attempted to build their own Palace of Versailles, but never finished it.\n\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"482\"]<img src=\"http://www.visitingdc.com/images/hall-of-mirrors-versailles.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"283\" /> http://www.visitingdc.com/images/hall-of-mirrors-versailles.jpg<br />The Hall of Mirrors[/caption]\n\nMy personal reaction to the palace is as polar as the responses at the time. On one side it disgusts me because of the blatant disregard for the citizens, and really the country as a whole. The government form of Absolutism is just ridiculous, as shown by France, and goes against all the Enlightenment ideals of the time. On the other end though, I think the Palace is just magnificent. It is jaw dropping gorgeous, and has been the host to many historical events, both French and Worldly.\n\nLike the Palace of Versailles, another big build was taking place in India called the Taj Mahal. The Taj Mahal was built as a tomb for Shah Jahan’s favorite wife, a “Monument for Love” (Tasker). There were several similarities between  the two builds. One being the builder. Louis the 14<sup>th</sup> and Shah Jahan both were extremely wealthy and loved luxury; also both rulers used the countries treasury to fund the two projects. The Taj Mahal was finished in 1648. It’s name is from two things, Mahal was her last name and Taj means crown in persain but to the muslims it was a conical hat so that’s why the main building is a dome. The jewels were put in to show nobility and prestige (Tasker). The building shows the wealth of the Mughuls, or as Tasker puts it, “…the splendor of the Mughal Empire… (Tasker).” This makes it like the Palace of Versailles also because the Palace symbolized French power and wealth.\n\nThere are a few significant things that future generations can take from the Palace of Versailles. They can take it as a lesson of not being selfish, because it will eventually bounce back on you. But they can also use it as a guide for 1600s-1700s art and architecture. The Baroque style that France perfecting, the fountains in the garden, the sculptures, the paintings, everything is one big culture lesson. Also, just thinking that in that palace wars were ended is a pretty cool thought. The Palace really should continue to be preserved as close to the 1700s model as possible because it is just so key to history and art.','The Palace of Versailles in Versailles, France','','inherit','open','open','','2691-revision-2','','','2012-10-15 11:43:00','2012-10-15 17:43:00','',2691,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2709',0,'revision','',0),(2733,1,'2012-10-15 14:38:08','2012-10-15 20:38:08','[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"279\"]<a href=\"religious music in google images\"><img src=\"http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_DtmhjiI3ruk/TEspGnU0qCI/AAAAAAAAA_Y/-9sqTL1s6hY/s1600/lucy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"279\" height=\"492\" /></a> <br />Religious music[/caption]\r\n\r\nDuring the time of Johan Sebastian Bach’s musical career, a lot was going on in the world. This was a turning point in the world, the Early 1700’s. “One of the most influential cultural events of the early seventeenth century” (1)(fiero) had just taken place, the new English translation of the Holy Bible. Recruited by James 1 of England, a committee of about 50 scholars had begun the work of the translations of scriptures.” This marked the beginning of the Protestant Reformation. This was the  time when Martin Luther had translated the Holy Bible from Greek to German. “The translation of the Holy Bible played a special significance in those times. It gave people an inner light, (fiero) and brought a new light to urge people to break away from Roman Catholic beliefs. This spawned a Reformation, and through music it carried the same theme and message. There is one hymn that symbolizes the Protestant Reformation; it is \"A Mighty Fortress Is Our God.\" by Bach. Those persecuted and martyred for their convictions during the Reformation sang these same words.<!--more-->\r\n\r\n\"The one hymn that most symbolizes the Protestant Reformation is \"A Mighty Fortress Is Our God.\" In it, Martin Luther proclaims his confidence in God and rallies all Christians to war against evil. Basing his words on Psalm 46, he victoriously states \"We will not fear, for God has willed His truth to triumph through us.\" Those persecuted and martyred for their convictions during the Reformation sang these words from Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” Luther understood the power of evil: “After he posted his ninety-five theses on the door of Wittenberg\'s Castle in 1517, he faced years of trials and persecution, he was excommunicated from the Roman church, and he continually faced threats against his life and his freedom.” “Other reformers had been persecuted and burned at the stake.”                                                                                                                                                                              “But he also knew God is our refuge and strength, a very present help in danger\" (Psalm 46:1) and so he wrote \"A Mighty Fortress is our God,\" proclaiming boldly that \"the prince of darkness grim, we tremble  not for him . . . one little word shall fell him.\" Since he wrote it in 1529,” (2)\r\n\r\nThis piece both compares and differentiates to another piece of its time.  I think this piece compares to Handel’s Messiah, “Handel’s music brought scripture to life, that celebrates the birth of Jesus and is a collection of versus from the Old and New testament. “ The most famous of Handel’s works is the Messiah, which was written in the English of the King James Bible.” (fiero) The two compare because Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is our God” also is based on scripture, that cover Thessalonians, Revelations and Psalms.  The two differentiate because in Handel’s Messiah, the first part “recounts the Old Testament prophesies of a savior, the second part relates to the suffering and death of Jesus, and the third part rejoices in the redemption of humankind through Christ’s resurrection.”(fiero) while in Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” his piece translated is the scriptures from 2 Thessalonians 2:3-8 which talk about a man of Lawlessness, or a man of sin,(when translated) verse 3 of chapter 2 in the New testament of the Holy Bible also the first part of Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” say “Don’t let anyone deceive you in any way, for that day will not come until the rebellion occurs and the man of sin (some translations say rebellion) is revealed, the man doomed to destruction.”(3)  Bach’s piece is warning us of sin, unlike Handle’s Messiah which celebrate Jesus’ life. I believe “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” by Bach had a much more huge significance in the past than in today’s times because in those times people were willing to die for their own given right to practice what they religiously believed in, an example was Martin Luther’s friend Ulrich Zwingli, “who died Oct. 11, 1531, who was part of the Reformation as well, and believed one simple truth, it was the bible was the truth and anything else was not. Zwingli debated against the Roman Catholic Church on lent and clerical celibacy “calling them unbiblical.”(4) “The Roman Catholic Church declared war against the Protestants and Zwingly was killed, and his body was defiled.”(4)  Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” has been known to be the same exact battle that Zwingli died for and was attached to the Protestant movement, which was that “all western Christian believers that did  not adhere to Roman Catholic faith. This was a definitive decade for the creation of the Evangelical faith.”(5) This was the main theme behind Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is our God.” “Cantata No.80, the most important hymn of the Lutheran Church, Its melody unifies the eight movements of the cantata, which concludes with a four part setting of the chorale melody, sung in the style of the congregational hymn”(2)\r\n\r\nBach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” in my opinion does not have the same affect on listeners today as it did back in Bach’s time, although Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” is still around today. “Bach’s hymn has been translated into nearly every language. There are said to be over eighty English translations alone to this hymn, but the version most used in the United States is the translation by Frederic Henry Hedge in 1852. The first line of \"A Mighty Fortress Is Our God\" is inscribed on the tomb of Martin Luther at Wittenberg. And its powerful words and tune continue to live.” “The hymn was sung at the funeral of President Dwight D. Eisenhower at the National Cathedral in Washington DC, March 1969. And it was also included in the National Service of Prayer and Remembrance, held shortly after the September 11, 2001 attacks against America”(2). Today, Bach’s song doesn’t have the same impact on listeners because a lot of people including me did not even know the whole background setting of the song, what was going on during the years it was written and why it was written, its meaning and lyrics, and understanding of the Reformation movement, and to what they were reforming against. Today we do not have the same restrictions as in Bach’s times, being forced to believe in a religion, that know one really knew the religion because there was only one priest that had a bible that was written in Latin, and only the priest knew Latin and what the priest said was law, if anyone disagreed there were great repercussions sometimes death.  Today we are able to carry a bible of your choice at your own free will and express and believe in what ever you chose to believe in, because of the people of Bach’s time and of Bach’s song.  Many people died to have that right to believe in a religion of your choice. This song today does not have the same affect as it did back then, since we are overwhelmed with the many great choices in the land of the free to do and practice any religion of choice.\r\n\r\nIn Conclusion this song still helps to remind me to not take for granted of the many great opportunities that I do have today, and to cherish those opportunities, and to be grateful of the present freedoms we do have, because of this Bach’s “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” would be a definite choice to take as a TCP to save and cherish for future generations.\r\n\r\n\"God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble\" (Psalm 46:1). With a beautiful reminder of that truth, \"A Mighty Fortress Is Our God\" gives us hope amidst the struggles of life. The words, written nearly five hundred years ago, still ring true today: When life storms blow in around us, we can find refuge in the mighty fortress of our God.”(2)','The work “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” by Johan Sebastion          Bach should be preserved because it inspired a Reformation and forces us to be grateful ','','inherit','open','open','','2695-revision-7','','','2012-10-15 14:38:08','2012-10-15 20:38:08','',2695,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2733',0,'revision','',0),(2710,66,'2012-10-15 11:44:39','2012-10-15 17:44:39','The Commendatore confronts Don Giovanni and drags him down to hell.','The Commendatore','','inherit','open','open','','the-commendatore','','','2012-10-15 11:44:39','2012-10-15 17:44:39','',2692,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/0.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2711,66,'2012-10-15 11:47:08','2012-10-15 17:47:08','<div>\n\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/0.jpg\"><img class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-2710\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/0-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /></a>\n\nDon Giovanni\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nWolfgang Amadeus Mozart\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nOctober 29, 1787\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nMozart created an astounding piece of art with Don Giovanni, with its blend of comedic elements with morality and the eventual fate of the antagonist not only makes for a good story, but the score is what makes it arguably one of the best operas of all time. Thus, to its credit, the story has made great subject matter for many writers and philosophers. Don Giovanni should be preserved because the prospect of human nature and human morality created by the antagonist, Don Giovanni, sets up very contemplative and debatable subject matter and that it is considered to be one of the most unique and highly respective operas of all time not only for its music, but also for its story.\n\n<!--more-->\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nSet is Spain, Don Giovanni is a two act opera centered around  the man Don Giovanni; a young, arrogant, sexually promiscuous man who antagonizes an abuses those around him, \"...an impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\" as stated by Classical.net best describes.  Until finally  he eventually meets his fate as he is dragged down to hell by a statu. This work is unique to itself as it was done by the young Mozart which tells a story through a two act opera. Such was the time that Mozart was considered a genius and a revolutionary in the performing arts. Although vastly considered as a comedy, it is more a blend of comedy, melodrama and supernatural elements.  In an article by Yahoo! Voices, \"Christian Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this  renowned composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally  great in the comic as in the tragic.\", which is no less true of Don Giovanni.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nAs a innovative work, Don Giovanni was unique for it\'s short length and it\'s simple message. At the time of it\'s creation, it followed Mozart\'s earlier opera, The Marriage of Figaro, so it\'s no surprise to any that it was successful since by this time Mozart was a well known composer.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nThe modern artistic audience of today still greatly appreciate this work and is globally ranked as number 10 of the top operas of the world. As being one of Mozart\'s best known works, it is respectfully kept the same by many conductors and composers, Though there have been a handful that have made some slight additions or variations to the work itself. Mozart has always known to be a great composer and his works have been enjoyed by all the generations after him.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nNot knowing much of anything about the composition of music, I do appreciate it\'s complexity and it\'s fitment into the story, thus making it an opera. I find the story to be insightful and particularly relevant. A selfish egotistical man who spent his life hurting others for his own benefit, eventually falls victim to his own deeds  and is dragged down to hell. I find this relevant because selfishness is human nature, and every person is capable of the same actions as Don Giovanni. We often forget the basic laws of nature in that every action has a reaction and that they often find their way back to us. Whether you believe in heaven or hell, there is no excuse not to be a decent, civilized person. Thus, the portrayal of Don being pulled down to hell, be it literal or not, is something that should be a reminder to not overstep our bounds with one another with the intention of coming out on top.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nWith only a year difference, Mozart composed both The Marriage of Figaro and Don Giovanni, and for the sake of simplicity, to compare and contrast the works of the same composer, it\'s best to have the mindset that it\'s not about the score of the opera, but the choice of the story he wished to convey the music through.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nIn comparison, Mozart did substantially well with both his works. Both are well known and highly regarded operas with a successful score and moral plot to the story line. Though not neither were an original story, their presentation and adaptation into an opera male them both still enjoyable to any audience .\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nIn contrast The Marriage of Figaro is a continuation of another story, The Barber of Seville, what we\'d call today to be a sequel. It also contrasts with Don Giovanni in that it is a much longer opera. Having four acts instead of Don Giovanni\'s two, The Marriage of Figaro is purely more of a comedy versus Don Giovanni as a melodramatic comedy.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nTo make my earlier point  more detailed, the most significant idea of the story, one that future generations should be aware of is the basic flawof our own selfish tendencies, and actions we take regarding them. It\'s a testament to  how easy it is to do as we please without considerations to those around us. This work is an extreme example of the selfishness and disregard by a man that brought his own demise. This story has a message that\'s relevant to all of us, and we should be aware of our thoughts and actions everyday. God-fearing or not, there\'s not excuse to not act like a decent human being. Columbia.edu puts it best, \"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nAs a final analysis, Don Giovanni is a two act opera centered a selfish, womanizing man who sees only to benefit himself, and disregard the feelings of those around him. As is the fate of many like him, he is pulled down to hell for his refusal to repent for his crimes.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nThis particular TCP was especially difficult. How do you convey music through words? May only response would be that you cannot, you must listen for yourself. The story, however, was easy to explain. It had a simple plot that drove a single point effortlessly. The thing that has helped write this proposal the most would be what I have seen in my lifetime of people who\'ve acted selfishly and karma returned the favor. It\'s not an easy thing to miss, it\'s a cultural thing now, so much so I could write books and rants and still have not said enough about the subject. But let it be known that this work, at it\'s core, serves a good message to people willing to accept it.\n\n</div>\n<div></div>\n<div>\n\n&nbsp;\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nWorks Cited:\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nPhoto:  http://i.ytimg.com/vi/t_nHeThpfLw/0.jpg\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n&nbsp;\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n\"Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni.\" Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.classical.net/music/recs/reviews/n/nxs60080a.php&gt;.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n\"...an  impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\"\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n&nbsp;\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nBrode, Alyssa. \"Synopsis and Historical Context of Mozart\'s \'Don Giovanni\'\" Yahoo! Contributor Network.  Yahoo Contributer Network, 15 Nov. 2011. Web. 15 Oct. 2012.  &lt;http://voices.yahoo.com/synopsis-historical-context-mozarts-don-giovanni-10428675.html&gt;.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\nChristian  Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this renowned  composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally great in  the comic as in the tragic.\"\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n&nbsp;\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n NYC Opera, comp. \"Mozart: Don Giovanni.\" New York City Opera Project: Don Giovanni (n.d.): n. pag. Mozart: Don Giovanni. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.columbia.edu/itc/music/NYCO/dongiovanni/synopsis.html&gt;.\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n\"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n&nbsp;\n\n</div>\n<div>\n\n.\n\n</div>','Mozart\'s Don Giovanni','','inherit','open','open','','2692-revision-8','','','2012-10-15 11:47:08','2012-10-15 17:47:08','',2692,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2711',0,'revision','',0),(2712,66,'2012-10-15 11:47:47','2012-10-15 17:47:47','<div>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/0.jpg\"><img class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-2710\" src=\"http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/0-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /></a>\r\n\r\nDon Giovanni\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWolfgang Amadeus Mozart\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nOctober 29, 1787\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nMozart created an astounding piece of art with Don Giovanni, with its blend of comedic elements with morality and the eventual fate of the antagonist not only makes for a good story, but the score is what makes it arguably one of the best operas of all time. Thus, to its credit, the story has made great subject matter for many writers and philosophers. Don Giovanni should be preserved because the prospect of human nature and human morality created by the antagonist, Don Giovanni, sets up very contemplative and debatable subject matter and that it is considered to be one of the most unique and highly respective operas of all time not only for its music, but also for its story.\r\n\r\n<!--more-->\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nSet is Spain, Don Giovanni is a two act opera centered around  the man Don Giovanni; a young, arrogant, sexually promiscuous man who antagonizes an abuses those around him, \"...an impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\" as stated by Classical.net best describes.  Until finally  he eventually meets his fate as he is dragged down to hell by a statue of a man he slayed. This work is unique to itself as it was done by the young Mozart which tells a story through a two act opera. Such was the time that Mozart was considered a genius and a revolutionary in the performing arts. Although vastly considered as a comedy, it is more a blend of comedy, melodrama and supernatural elements.  In an article by Yahoo! Voices, \"Christian Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this  renowned composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally  great in the comic as in the tragic.\", which is no less true of Don Giovanni.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nAs a innovative work, Don Giovanni was unique for it\'s short length and it\'s simple message. At the time of it\'s creation, it followed Mozart\'s earlier opera, The Marriage of Figaro, so it\'s no surprise to any that it was successful since by this time Mozart was a well known composer.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nThe modern artistic audience of today still greatly appreciate this work and is globally ranked as number 10 of the top operas of the world. As being one of Mozart\'s best known works, it is respectfully kept the same by many conductors and composers, Though there have been a handful that have made some slight additions or variations to the work itself. Mozart has always known to be a great composer and his works have been enjoyed by all the generations after him.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nNot knowing much of anything about the composition of music, I do appreciate it\'s complexity and it\'s fitment into the story, thus making it an opera. I find the story to be insightful and particularly relevant. A selfish egotistical man who spent his life hurting others for his own benefit, eventually falls victim to his own deeds  and is dragged down to hell. I find this relevant because selfishness is human nature, and every person is capable of the same actions as Don Giovanni. We often forget the basic laws of nature in that every action has a reaction and that they often find their way back to us. Whether you believe in heaven or hell, there is no excuse not to be a decent, civilized person. Thus, the portrayal of Don being pulled down to hell by the Commendatore, be it literal or not, is something that should be a reminder to not overstep our bounds with one another with the intention of coming out on top.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWith only a year difference, Mozart composed both The Marriage of Figaro and Don Giovanni, and for the sake of simplicity, to compare and contrast the works of the same composer, it\'s best to have the mindset that it\'s not about the score of the opera, but the choice of the story he wished to convey the music through.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nIn comparison, Mozart did substantially well with both his works. Both are well known and highly regarded operas with a successful score and moral plot to the story line. Though not neither were an original story, their presentation and adaptation into an opera male them both still enjoyable to any audience .\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nIn contrast The Marriage of Figaro is a continuation of another story, The Barber of Seville, what we\'d call today to be a sequel. It also contrasts with Don Giovanni in that it is a much longer opera. Having four acts instead of Don Giovanni\'s two, The Marriage of Figaro is purely more of a comedy versus Don Giovanni as a melodramatic comedy.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nTo make my earlier point  more detailed, the most significant idea of the story, one that future generations should be aware of is the basic flawof our own selfish tendencies, and actions we take regarding them. It\'s a testament to  how easy it is to do as we please without considerations to those around us. This work is an extreme example of the selfishness and disregard by a man that brought his own demise. This story has a message that\'s relevant to all of us, and we should be aware of our thoughts and actions everyday. God-fearing or not, there\'s not excuse to not act like a decent human being. Columbia.edu puts it best, \"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nAs a final analysis, Don Giovanni is a two act opera centered a selfish, womanizing man who sees only to benefit himself, and disregard the feelings of those around him. As is the fate of many like him, he is pulled down to hell for his refusal to repent for his crimes.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nThis particular TCP was especially difficult. How do you convey music through words? May only response would be that you cannot, you must listen for yourself. The story, however, was easy to explain. It had a simple plot that drove a single point effortlessly. The thing that has helped write this proposal the most would be what I have seen in my lifetime of people who\'ve acted selfishly and karma returned the favor. It\'s not an easy thing to miss, it\'s a cultural thing now, so much so I could write books and rants and still have not said enough about the subject. But let it be known that this work, at it\'s core, serves a good message to people willing to accept it.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div></div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nWorks Cited:\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nPhoto:  http://i.ytimg.com/vi/t_nHeThpfLw/0.jpg\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni.\" Classical Net Review - Mozart - Don Giovanni. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.classical.net/music/recs/reviews/n/nxs60080a.php&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"...an  impatient, arrogant man who can be quickly moved to anger and lust.  When he turns on the charm, it\'s to get something that he wants.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nBrode, Alyssa. \"Synopsis and Historical Context of Mozart\'s \'Don Giovanni\'\" Yahoo! Contributor Network.  Yahoo Contributer Network, 15 Nov. 2011. Web. 15 Oct. 2012.  &lt;http://voices.yahoo.com/synopsis-historical-context-mozarts-don-giovanni-10428675.html&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nChristian  Gottfried Körner, a contemporary of Mozart, said of this renowned  composer: \"Mozart was perhaps the only one who could be equally great in  the comic as in the tragic.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n NYC Opera, comp. \"Mozart: Don Giovanni.\" New York City Opera Project: Don Giovanni (n.d.): n. pag. Mozart: Don Giovanni. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. &lt;http://www.columbia.edu/itc/music/NYCO/dongiovanni/synopsis.html&gt;.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n\"… all evildoers must meet such a terrible end.\"\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n.\r\n\r\n</div>','Mozart\'s Don Giovanni','','inherit','open','open','','2692-revision-9','','','2012-10-15 11:47:47','2012-10-15 17:47:47','',2692,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/?p=2712',0,'revision','',0),(2713,59,'2012-10-15 11:50:22','2012-10-15 17:50:22','','TCP2_FINAL LILLY','','inherit','open','open','','tcp2_final-lilly','','','2012-10-15 11:50:22','2012-10-15 17:50:22','',0,'http://jeanatacc.com/2011/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/TCP2_FINAL-LILLY.doc',0,'attachment','application/msword',0);
