(180,1,'2013-08-05 20:24:00','2013-08-05 18:24:00','<h1>Contents</h1>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.1  <a href=\"#Sec8.1\"> Cryptography </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.2  <a href=\"#Sec8.2\"> Symmetric-Key Algorithms </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.3  <a href=\"#Sec8.3\"> Public-Key Algorithms </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.4  <a href=\"#Sec8.4\"> Digital Signatures </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.5  <a href=\"#Sec8.5\"> Management of Public Keys </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.6  <a href=\"#Sec8.6\"> Communication Security </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.7  <a href=\"#Sec8.7\"> Authentication Protocols </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.8  <a href=\"#Sec8.8\"> Email Security </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.9  <a href=\"#Sec8.9\"> Web Security </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.10 <a href=\"#Sec8.10\"> Social Issues </a></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"GeneralSecurity\"></a>1General Security Links:</h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cert.org/\">CERT Coordination Center</a>        Publishes regular alerts and updates about security issues</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.gocsi.com/\">Computer Security Institute        (CSI)</a> - Information on most network security threats</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/rja14/\">Ross Anderson\'s        Home Page</a> Has links to hundreds of security-related pages</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.sans.org/\">SANS Institute</a> Studies        information security and other networking problems</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.scmagazine.com/\">Secure Computing        Magazine</a> Online version of monthly security magazine</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://online.securityfocus.com/\">Security Focus</a>        Daily news site about network security, recently sold to <a        href=\"http://www.symantec.com/\">Symantec</a></li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a\r\n        href=\"http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/tls-charter.html\">Transport        Layer Security</a> <a href=\"http://www.ietf.org/\">IETF</a>        Working group</li>\r\n\r\n        <li> <a href=\"http://www.packetstormsecurity.com/\"> Packet Storm        Security </a> Non-profit with many resources including security        tools, advisories, exploits, etc. </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.1\"></a>8.1  Cryptography </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a name=\"Crypt\"></a><a href=\"http://www.faqs.org/faqs/cryptography-faq/\">Cryptography        FAQ</a> Series of tutorials on all aspects of crypto</li>\r\n\r\n        <!-- <li><a href=\"http://www.cs.auckland.ac.nz/~pgut001/links.html\">Encryption\r\n        and Security-Related Resources</a> Hundreds of links about crypto\r\n        and security</li> -->\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cacr.math.uwaterloo.ca/hac/\">Handbook        of Applied Cryptography</a> Entire        book available for free download, in <a        href=\"http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html\">PDF</a>        and <a href=\"http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost/\">PS</a> format.</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.iacr.org/\">International Association        for Cryptologic Research</a> Current research in crypto</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ciphersbyritter.com/LEARNING.HTM\">        Learning About Cryptography </a> A basic        introduction to cryptography, provided by <a        href=\"http://www.ciphersbyritter.com/\"> Ritter Labs</a>, itself        a site containing extensive cryptography resources </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.interhack.net/people/cmcurtin/snake-oil-faq.html\">Snake        Oil Warning Signs</a> Deflating hype about \"unbreakable\"        encryption</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.qubit.org/\">Centre for Quantum        Computation</a> Quantum cryptography, and quantum        code-breaking</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.garykessler.net/library/crypto.html\">        An Overview of Cryptography</a> Extensive online cryptography        paper from <a href=\"http://www.garykessler.net\"> Gary Kessler        Associates</a>\r\n\r\n        <li><a        href=\"http://people.csail.mit.edu/rivest/crypto-security.html\">        Ronald L. Rivest:  Cryptography and Security </a> List of links        to various sources of cryptography information </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Cryptography<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography\"> Wikipedia        Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Quantum Cryptography<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_cryptography\"> Wikipedia        Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/crypt/overview.php\">	Quantum Cryptography:  Privacy Through Uncertainty</a> Discussion/description of quantum cryptography</li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.2\"></a>8.2  Symmetric-Key Algorithms </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>Symmetric-key algorithm        <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric-key_algorithm\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Data Encryption Standard        <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Encryption_Standard\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Advanced Encryption Standard <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Encryption_Standard\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid14_gci523541,00.html\">What	is Rijndael?</a> Definition from <a href=\"http://www.whatis.com\"> whatis.com </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/symmetric_key_cryptography.html\">	Symmetric Key Cryptography</a> definition from <a href=\"http://www.webopedia.com\"> Webopedia </a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com/encryption2.htm\">	Symmetric Key Cryptography</a> definition from <a	href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\"> howstuffworks.com </a></li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.securitytube.net/Symmetric-Key-Cryptography-video.aspx\">	Symmetric Key Cryptography</a> Video-based tutorial</li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.obviex.com/samples/Encryption.aspx\"> How	To:  Encrypt and Decrypt data using a symmetric (Rijndael) Key	</a> How-to that includes code examples in C#/VB.NET</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Block cipher modes of operation<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_cipher_modes_of_operation\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/toolkit/BCM/index.html\"> Block Ciper Modes</a>	from <a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov\"> The National Institute of Standards and Technology,	Information Technology Laboratory</a> </li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.3\"></a>8.3  Public-Key Algorithms </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>Public-key cryptography<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://computer.howstuffworks.com/encryption3.htm\">	Public Key Cryptography</a> definition from <a	href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\"> howstuffworks.com </a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.mycrypto.net/encryption/public_key_encryption.html\">	Public Key Encryption </a> Brief definition at <a	href=\"http://www.mycrypto.net\"> MyCrypto.net</a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.abcseo.com/papers/security/08-public-key-algorithms.htm\">	Public Key Algorithms</a> Slideshow Presentation </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://ospkibook.sourceforge.net/docs/OSPKI-2.4.7/OSPKI-html/appendix-pkc.htm\">	Description of Public Key Algorithms </a> Short description of RSA</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>RSA <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSA\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.di-mgt.com.au/rsa_alg.html\"> RSA Algorithm        </a> Lengthy description of the algorithm, with examples</li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.4\"></a>8.4  Digital Signatures </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>Digital signature <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_signature\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>MD5<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Secure Hash Algorithm<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Hash_Algorithm\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>SHA-1<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-1\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/PICS/DSig/SHA1_1_0.html\"> SHA1 Secure	Hash Algorithm</a> Overview of how SHA-1 is used on the Web</li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://gtools.org/tool/sha1-hash-generator/\">	SHA1 Hash Generator </a> Computes SHA1 hash from entered text,	from <a href=\"http://gtools.org\"> gtools.org</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>SHA-2<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://converter-generator.com/sha\">SHA Hash Generator</a>	Generates several different SHA hashes based on entered text, from	<a href=\"http://converter-generator.com\"> converter-generator.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.5\"></a>8.5  Management of Public Keys </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n        <li>Cryptography key types <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_key_types\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.rsa.com/rsalabs/node.asp?id=2262\"> What is	Key Management</a> Definition from <a href=\"http://www.rsa.com\">	RSA Laboratories</a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/toolkit/key_management.html\">Key Management </a>	from <a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov\"> The National Institute of Standards and Technology,	Information Technology Laboratory</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>X.509 <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X.509\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/pkix/charter/\">	Public-Key Infrastructure (X.509) </a> PKIX Working Group Page</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Public key infrastructure <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_infrastructure\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.6\"></a>8.6  Communication Security </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>IPsec<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPsec\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/network/bb531150.aspx\">	IPsec</a> Short article with links to many technical documents	at <a href=\"http://technet.microsoft.com\"> Microsoft</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://unixwiz.net/techtips/iguide-ipsec.html\"> An Illustrated	Guide to IPsec</a> Describes how IPsec works, with many illustrations</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>HMAC<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAC\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Message authentication code<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_authentication_code\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2406.txt\">RFC 2406</a>	Describing IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.tcpipguide.com/free/t_IPSecEncapsulatingSecurityPayloadESP.htm\">	IPSec Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) </a> A brief guide	from <a href=\"http://www.tcpipguide.com\"> tcpipguide.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>DMZ<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMZ_(computing)\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://compnetworking.about.com/cs/networksecurity/g/bldef_dmz.htm\">DMZ -	Demilitarized Zone in Computer Networking</a> Short article with related links	from <a href=\"http://compnetworking.about.com\"> about.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"VPN\"></a>Virtual Private Networks</li>\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com/vpn.htm\">How		Virtual Private Networks Work</a> description		from <a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\">		HowStuffWorks</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://compnetworking.about.com/od/vpn/VPN_Virtual_Private_Networking.htm\">		VPN - Virtual Private Networking</a> links to resources,		including free VPN software</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://openvpn.net\">OpenVPN</a> Virtual		Private Network software for many platforms</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.vpnc.org/\">Virtual Private Network		Consortium (VPNC)</a> International trade association		for VPN manufacterers</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a		href=\"http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/network/bb545442.aspx\">		Virtual Private Networks</a> Links to VPN support in		Microsoft Windows</li>\r\n\r\n		<li> VPN <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_network\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"WirelessSecurity\"></a>Wireless Security</li>\r\n\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li> 802.11i <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11i-2004\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.tech-faq.com/80211i.html\">802.11i</a> Article		from <a href=\"http://www.tech-faq.com\"> tech-faq.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li>Wi-Fi Protected Access <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fi_Protected_Access\">\r\n\r\n		<a href=\"http://www.wi-fi.org/knowledge_center/wpa2\">WPA2		(Wi-Fi Protected Access 2)</a> Press releases and		related links from <a href=\"http://www.wi-fi.org\">		wi-fi.org</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li> Wired Equivalent Privacy<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired_Equivalent_Privacy\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a		href=\"http://www.isaac.cs.berkeley.edu/isaac/wep-faq.html\">Security		of the WEP algorithm </a> Article identifying flaws in		WEP, by <a href=\"http://www.isaac.cs.berkeley.edu\"> the		Internet Security, Applications, Authentication		and Cryptography research group</a>, at <a		href=\"http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/\"> UC Berkeley Computer		Science </a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a		href=\"http://www.bluetooth.com/English/Technology/Works/Pages/Security.aspx\">		Bluetooth Security</a> Brief description at <a		href=\"http://www.bluetooth.com\"> bluetooth.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.7\"></a>8.7  Authentication Protocols </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.internationalauthenticationassociation.org/\">        International Authentication Association</a> Industry        consortium for companies involved in the development and use of        authentication technologies, systems and services. </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.biometrics.org/\">Biometrics Consortium</a>        U.S.  government group researching biometric technology</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cs.columbia.edu/%7Ehgs/internet/biometrics.html\">Biometrics        Links</a> To university labs and equipment vendors</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ieee802.org/1/pages/802.1x.html\">IEEE        802.11x</a> and <a        href=\"http://www.ieee802.org/1/pages/802.1aa.html\">802.11aa</a>        IEEE standards for authentication</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://web.mit.edu/kerberos/www/\">Kerberos: The        Network Authentication Protocol</a> Official page from its        inventors, MIT</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.projectliberty.org/\">Liberty Alliance</a>        Distributed authentication project comprising more than 100        organizations and corporations</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.pki-page.org/\"> The PKI Page </a> Info        on Public Key Infrastructure and digital signatures</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authentication\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.8\"></a>8.8  Email Security </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n        <li>Pretty Good Privacy<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretty_Good_Privacy\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.gnupg.org/\">GnuPG</a> The GNU Privacy Guard </li>\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.openpgp.org/\">The OpenPGP Alliance</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://email.about.com/cs/pgp/a/public_key_enc.htm\"> How Public Key	Encryption Works - About Email</a>	from <a href=\"http://email.about.com\"> about.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>S/MIME<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S/MIME\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.andrebacard.com/remail.html\">Anonymous        Remailer FAQ</a> Some information and links about anonymous        remailers</li>\r\n\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.9\"></a>8.9  Web Security </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/Security/Faq/\">The World Wide Web Security FAQ	</a> Long list of frequently-asked questions/answers on Web security</li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://code.google.com/edu/security/index.html\">Web Security</a>	Links to course content on web security at <a href=\"http://www.google.com\">Google </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Secure Sockets Layer<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Sockets_Layer\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"Virus\"></a>Viruses and Malware</li>\r\n\r\n	<ul>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://home.mcafee.com/VirusInfo/Glossary.aspx\">		Glossary of Virus Terms</a> from <a		href=\"http://www.mcafee.com/\">McAfee</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.virusbtn.com/\">Virus Bulletin</a>		Virus updates, independent of anti-virus software		vendors</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.securelist.com/\">Virus		Encyclopedia</a> From <a		href=\"http://www.kaspersky.com/\">Kaspersky		Anti-virus</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.vmyths.com/\">Vmyths</a>		Information on virus hoaxes, urban legends and		scaremongering</li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.10\"></a>8.10 Social Issues </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.andrebacard.com/remail.html\">Anonymous        Remailer FAQ</a> Some information and links about anonymous        remailers</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20060622/2350220.shtml\">        Article about the Felten-DCMA Case</a> from <a        href=\"http://www.techdirt.com\">Tech Dirt</a></li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://fairuse.stanford.edu/\">Copyright and Fair        Use</a> From the Stanford University Library</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.eff.org/search?text=dmca\">DMCA links</a>        and <a href=\"http://www.eff.org/search?text=dmca+cases\">DMCA        cases</a> From the Electronic Frontier Foundation</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ncac.org/internet/filters.cfm\">Internet        Filters</a> How the most popular ones actually work</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.eff.org/search?text=internet+freedom+of+speech+cases\">Internet        Freedom of Speech Cases</a> - From the Electronic Frontier        Foundation</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.aclu.org/search/internet%20freedom%20of%20speech%20cases?show_aff=1\">Internet        Freedom of Speech Cases</a> From the American Civil Liberties        Union</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ncac.org\">National Coalition Against        Censorship</a></li>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a name=\"Steganography\"></a>Steganography:</li>\r\n\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/%7Efapp2/steganography/\">		Information Hiding Home Page</a> From the University		of Cambridge</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.stegoarchive.com/\">Stegoarchive.com</a>		Many links to steganography resources</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.jjtc.com/Steganography/tools.html\">		Steganography Software</a> Extensive list of software		tools from <a href=\"http://www.jjtc.com/neil/\"> Neil		F. Johnson</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.symantec.com/connect/articles/steganography-revealed\">		Steganography Revealed</a> from <a		href=\"http://www.symantec.com\">Symantec</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li> Steganography <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steganography\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/%7Erja14/tcpa-faq.html\">TCPA/Palladium        FAQ</a> From Ross Anderson</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.interesting-people.org/archives/interesting-people/199609/msg00026.html\">Why        Type 1 Anonymous Remailers Were Abandoned</a> From the Washington        Post</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://news.cnet.com/2010-1069-980325.html\">        Perspective: RFID tags: Big Brother in small packages</a>        Opinion article from <a href=\"http://news.cnet.com\">CNET</a></li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/TR/turingtest/\">Inaccessibility        of CAPTCHA</a>  W3C article describing some of the drawbacks to        use of Captchas.</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_neutrality\">        Network Neutrality</a> Wikipedia article discussing the        principle that advocates no Government/ISP restrictions on        Internet communication.</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.antiphishing.org/\">Anti Phishing Working        Group</a> Organization against Internet Scams and Fraud</li>        <li>Phishing <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phishing\">        Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<a href=\"http://www.abanet.org/scitech/ec/isc/dsg-tutorial.html\">Digital Signature	Guidelines</a> Legal tutorial/discussion at the <a href=\"http://www.abanet.org\">	American Bar Association</a> </li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"Privacy\"></a>Privacy:</li>\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li> <a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com/carnivore.htm\">		Historical information about Carnivore</a>		at <a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\">		howstuffworks.com </a> and <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivore_%28software%29\">Wikipedia</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.aclu.org/echelonwatch/faq.html\">		Echelon FAQ</a> Info on the secret global spy network</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.eff.org/\">Electronic Frontier		Foundation (EFF)</a> Campaigns for online privacy and		other rights</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.spybusters.com/mbsc1.html\">		Espionage 101</a> Introduction to electronic industrial		espionage</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/P3P/\">Platform for Privacy		Preferences (P3P)</a> Privacy polices in XML</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.epic.org/privacy/tools.html\">		Practical Privacy</a> Online guide, from <a		href=\"http://www.epic.org/\">EPIC</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.privacy.net/analyze/\">Privacy.Net</a>		Real-time tool that tests browsers to see how much data		they reveal</li>\r\n\r\n		<li> Wikipedia articles on <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_privacy\">		Internet privacy </a> and <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_logging\">		data logging</a>.</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.privacyalliance.org/\"> The		Online Privacy Alliance</a> Association of corporations		in support of self-regulation toward online privacy.</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.eskimo.com/%7Ejoelm/tempest.html\">		Tempest Information Page</a> Are all networks vulnerable to		wireless sniffers?  Archival page.</li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<p>&copy; 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.</p>\r\n','Chapter 8: Network Security','','inherit','closed','open','','177-revision-2','','','2013-08-05 20:24:00','2013-08-05 18:24:00','',177,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2013/08/05/177-revision-2/',0,'revision','',0);
INSERT INTO `wp_posts` VALUES (182,1,'2013-08-05 20:26:21','2013-08-05 18:26:21','<h1>Contents</h1>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.1  <a href=\"#Sec8.1\"> Cryptography </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.2  <a href=\"#Sec8.2\"> Symmetric-Key Algorithms </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.3  <a href=\"#Sec8.3\"> Public-Key Algorithms </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.4  <a href=\"#Sec8.4\"> Digital Signatures </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.5  <a href=\"#Sec8.5\"> Management of Public Keys </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.6  <a href=\"#Sec8.6\"> Communication Security </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.7  <a href=\"#Sec8.7\"> Authentication Protocols </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.8  <a href=\"#Sec8.8\"> Email Security </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.9  <a href=\"#Sec8.9\"> Web Security </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.10 <a href=\"#Sec8.10\"> Social Issues </a></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"GeneralSecurity\"></a>General Security Links:</h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cert.org/\">CERT Coordination Center</a>        Publishes regular alerts and updates about security issues</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.gocsi.com/\">Computer Security Institute        (CSI)</a> - Information on most network security threats</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/rja14/\">Ross Anderson\'s        Home Page</a> Has links to hundreds of security-related pages</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.sans.org/\">SANS Institute</a> Studies        information security and other networking problems</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.scmagazine.com/\">Secure Computing        Magazine</a> Online version of monthly security magazine</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://online.securityfocus.com/\">Security Focus</a>        Daily news site about network security, recently sold to <a        href=\"http://www.symantec.com/\">Symantec</a></li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a\r\n        href=\"http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/tls-charter.html\">Transport        Layer Security</a> <a href=\"http://www.ietf.org/\">IETF</a>        Working group</li>\r\n\r\n        <li> <a href=\"http://www.packetstormsecurity.com/\"> Packet Storm        Security </a> Non-profit with many resources including security        tools, advisories, exploits, etc. </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.1\"></a>8.1  Cryptography </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a name=\"Crypt\"></a><a href=\"http://www.faqs.org/faqs/cryptography-faq/\">Cryptography        FAQ</a> Series of tutorials on all aspects of crypto</li>\r\n\r\n<!-- \r\n<li><a href=\"http://www.cs.auckland.ac.nz/~pgut001/links.html\">Encryption\r\n        and Security-Related Resources</a> Hundreds of links about crypto\r\n        and security</li> \r\n-->\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cacr.math.uwaterloo.ca/hac/\">Handbook        of Applied Cryptography</a> Entire        book available for free download, in <a        href=\"http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html\">PDF</a>        and <a href=\"http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost/\">PS</a> format.</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.iacr.org/\">International Association        for Cryptologic Research</a> Current research in crypto</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ciphersbyritter.com/LEARNING.HTM\">        Learning About Cryptography </a> A basic        introduction to cryptography, provided by <a        href=\"http://www.ciphersbyritter.com/\"> Ritter Labs</a>, itself        a site containing extensive cryptography resources </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.interhack.net/people/cmcurtin/snake-oil-faq.html\">Snake        Oil Warning Signs</a> Deflating hype about \"unbreakable\"        encryption</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.qubit.org/\">Centre for Quantum        Computation</a> Quantum cryptography, and quantum        code-breaking</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.garykessler.net/library/crypto.html\">        An Overview of Cryptography</a> Extensive online cryptography        paper from <a href=\"http://www.garykessler.net\"> Gary Kessler        Associates</a>\r\n\r\n        <li><a        href=\"http://people.csail.mit.edu/rivest/crypto-security.html\">        Ronald L. Rivest:  Cryptography and Security </a> List of links        to various sources of cryptography information </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Cryptography<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography\"> Wikipedia        Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Quantum Cryptography<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_cryptography\"> Wikipedia        Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/crypt/overview.php\">	Quantum Cryptography:  Privacy Through Uncertainty</a> Discussion/description of quantum cryptography</li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.2\"></a>8.2  Symmetric-Key Algorithms </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>Symmetric-key algorithm        <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric-key_algorithm\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Data Encryption Standard        <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Encryption_Standard\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Advanced Encryption Standard <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Encryption_Standard\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid14_gci523541,00.html\">What	is Rijndael?</a> Definition from <a href=\"http://www.whatis.com\"> whatis.com </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/symmetric_key_cryptography.html\">	Symmetric Key Cryptography</a> definition from <a href=\"http://www.webopedia.com\"> Webopedia </a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com/encryption2.htm\">	Symmetric Key Cryptography</a> definition from <a	href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\"> howstuffworks.com </a></li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.securitytube.net/Symmetric-Key-Cryptography-video.aspx\">	Symmetric Key Cryptography</a> Video-based tutorial</li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.obviex.com/samples/Encryption.aspx\"> How	To:  Encrypt and Decrypt data using a symmetric (Rijndael) Key	</a> How-to that includes code examples in C#/VB.NET</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Block cipher modes of operation<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_cipher_modes_of_operation\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/toolkit/BCM/index.html\"> Block Ciper Modes</a>	from <a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov\"> The National Institute of Standards and Technology,	Information Technology Laboratory</a> </li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.3\"></a>8.3  Public-Key Algorithms </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>Public-key cryptography<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://computer.howstuffworks.com/encryption3.htm\">	Public Key Cryptography</a> definition from <a	href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\"> howstuffworks.com </a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.mycrypto.net/encryption/public_key_encryption.html\">	Public Key Encryption </a> Brief definition at <a	href=\"http://www.mycrypto.net\"> MyCrypto.net</a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.abcseo.com/papers/security/08-public-key-algorithms.htm\">	Public Key Algorithms</a> Slideshow Presentation </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://ospkibook.sourceforge.net/docs/OSPKI-2.4.7/OSPKI-html/appendix-pkc.htm\">	Description of Public Key Algorithms </a> Short description of RSA</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>RSA <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSA\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.di-mgt.com.au/rsa_alg.html\"> RSA Algorithm        </a> Lengthy description of the algorithm, with examples</li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.4\"></a>8.4  Digital Signatures </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>Digital signature <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_signature\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>MD5<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Secure Hash Algorithm<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Hash_Algorithm\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>SHA-1<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-1\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/PICS/DSig/SHA1_1_0.html\"> SHA1 Secure	Hash Algorithm</a> Overview of how SHA-1 is used on the Web</li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://gtools.org/tool/sha1-hash-generator/\">	SHA1 Hash Generator </a> Computes SHA1 hash from entered text,	from <a href=\"http://gtools.org\"> gtools.org</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>SHA-2<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://converter-generator.com/sha\">SHA Hash Generator</a>	Generates several different SHA hashes based on entered text, from	<a href=\"http://converter-generator.com\"> converter-generator.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.5\"></a>8.5  Management of Public Keys </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n        <li>Cryptography key types <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_key_types\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.rsa.com/rsalabs/node.asp?id=2262\"> What is	Key Management</a> Definition from <a href=\"http://www.rsa.com\">	RSA Laboratories</a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/toolkit/key_management.html\">Key Management </a>	from <a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov\"> The National Institute of Standards and Technology,	Information Technology Laboratory</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>X.509 <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X.509\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/pkix/charter/\">	Public-Key Infrastructure (X.509) </a> PKIX Working Group Page</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Public key infrastructure <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_infrastructure\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.6\"></a>8.6  Communication Security </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>IPsec<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPsec\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/network/bb531150.aspx\">	IPsec</a> Short article with links to many technical documents	at <a href=\"http://technet.microsoft.com\"> Microsoft</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://unixwiz.net/techtips/iguide-ipsec.html\"> An Illustrated	Guide to IPsec</a> Describes how IPsec works, with many illustrations</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>HMAC<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAC\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Message authentication code<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_authentication_code\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2406.txt\">RFC 2406</a>	Describing IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.tcpipguide.com/free/t_IPSecEncapsulatingSecurityPayloadESP.htm\">	IPSec Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) </a> A brief guide	from <a href=\"http://www.tcpipguide.com\"> tcpipguide.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>DMZ<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMZ_(computing)\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://compnetworking.about.com/cs/networksecurity/g/bldef_dmz.htm\">DMZ -	Demilitarized Zone in Computer Networking</a> Short article with related links	from <a href=\"http://compnetworking.about.com\"> about.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"VPN\"></a>Virtual Private Networks</li>\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com/vpn.htm\">How		Virtual Private Networks Work</a> description		from <a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\">		HowStuffWorks</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://compnetworking.about.com/od/vpn/VPN_Virtual_Private_Networking.htm\">		VPN - Virtual Private Networking</a> links to resources,		including free VPN software</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://openvpn.net\">OpenVPN</a> Virtual		Private Network software for many platforms</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.vpnc.org/\">Virtual Private Network		Consortium (VPNC)</a> International trade association		for VPN manufacterers</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a		href=\"http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/network/bb545442.aspx\">		Virtual Private Networks</a> Links to VPN support in		Microsoft Windows</li>\r\n\r\n		<li> VPN <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_network\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"WirelessSecurity\"></a>Wireless Security</li>\r\n\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li> 802.11i <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11i-2004\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.tech-faq.com/80211i.html\">802.11i</a> Article		from <a href=\"http://www.tech-faq.com\"> tech-faq.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li>Wi-Fi Protected Access <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fi_Protected_Access\">\r\n\r\n		<a href=\"http://www.wi-fi.org/knowledge_center/wpa2\">WPA2		(Wi-Fi Protected Access 2)</a> Press releases and		related links from <a href=\"http://www.wi-fi.org\">		wi-fi.org</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li> Wired Equivalent Privacy<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired_Equivalent_Privacy\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a		href=\"http://www.isaac.cs.berkeley.edu/isaac/wep-faq.html\">Security		of the WEP algorithm </a> Article identifying flaws in		WEP, by <a href=\"http://www.isaac.cs.berkeley.edu\"> the		Internet Security, Applications, Authentication		and Cryptography research group</a>, at <a		href=\"http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/\"> UC Berkeley Computer		Science </a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a		href=\"http://www.bluetooth.com/English/Technology/Works/Pages/Security.aspx\">		Bluetooth Security</a> Brief description at <a		href=\"http://www.bluetooth.com\"> bluetooth.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.7\"></a>8.7  Authentication Protocols </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.internationalauthenticationassociation.org/\">        International Authentication Association</a> Industry        consortium for companies involved in the development and use of        authentication technologies, systems and services. </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.biometrics.org/\">Biometrics Consortium</a>        U.S.  government group researching biometric technology</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cs.columbia.edu/%7Ehgs/internet/biometrics.html\">Biometrics        Links</a> To university labs and equipment vendors</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ieee802.org/1/pages/802.1x.html\">IEEE        802.11x</a> and <a        href=\"http://www.ieee802.org/1/pages/802.1aa.html\">802.11aa</a>        IEEE standards for authentication</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://web.mit.edu/kerberos/www/\">Kerberos: The        Network Authentication Protocol</a> Official page from its        inventors, MIT</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.projectliberty.org/\">Liberty Alliance</a>        Distributed authentication project comprising more than 100        organizations and corporations</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.pki-page.org/\"> The PKI Page </a> Info        on Public Key Infrastructure and digital signatures</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authentication\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.8\"></a>8.8  Email Security </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n        <li>Pretty Good Privacy<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretty_Good_Privacy\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.gnupg.org/\">GnuPG</a> The GNU Privacy Guard </li>\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.openpgp.org/\">The OpenPGP Alliance</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://email.about.com/cs/pgp/a/public_key_enc.htm\"> How Public Key	Encryption Works - About Email</a>	from <a href=\"http://email.about.com\"> about.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>S/MIME<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S/MIME\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.andrebacard.com/remail.html\">Anonymous        Remailer FAQ</a> Some information and links about anonymous        remailers</li>\r\n\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.9\"></a>8.9  Web Security </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/Security/Faq/\">The World Wide Web Security FAQ	</a> Long list of frequently-asked questions/answers on Web security</li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://code.google.com/edu/security/index.html\">Web Security</a>	Links to course content on web security at <a href=\"http://www.google.com\">Google </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Secure Sockets Layer<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Sockets_Layer\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"Virus\"></a>Viruses and Malware</li>\r\n\r\n	<ul>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://home.mcafee.com/VirusInfo/Glossary.aspx\">		Glossary of Virus Terms</a> from <a		href=\"http://www.mcafee.com/\">McAfee</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.virusbtn.com/\">Virus Bulletin</a>		Virus updates, independent of anti-virus software		vendors</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.securelist.com/\">Virus		Encyclopedia</a> From <a		href=\"http://www.kaspersky.com/\">Kaspersky		Anti-virus</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.vmyths.com/\">Vmyths</a>		Information on virus hoaxes, urban legends and		scaremongering</li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.10\"></a>8.10 Social Issues </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.andrebacard.com/remail.html\">Anonymous        Remailer FAQ</a> Some information and links about anonymous        remailers</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20060622/2350220.shtml\">        Article about the Felten-DCMA Case</a> from <a        href=\"http://www.techdirt.com\">Tech Dirt</a></li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://fairuse.stanford.edu/\">Copyright and Fair        Use</a> From the Stanford University Library</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.eff.org/search?text=dmca\">DMCA links</a>        and <a href=\"http://www.eff.org/search?text=dmca+cases\">DMCA        cases</a> From the Electronic Frontier Foundation</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ncac.org/internet/filters.cfm\">Internet        Filters</a> How the most popular ones actually work</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.eff.org/search?text=internet+freedom+of+speech+cases\">Internet        Freedom of Speech Cases</a> - From the Electronic Frontier        Foundation</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.aclu.org/search/internet%20freedom%20of%20speech%20cases?show_aff=1\">Internet        Freedom of Speech Cases</a> From the American Civil Liberties        Union</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ncac.org\">National Coalition Against        Censorship</a></li>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a name=\"Steganography\"></a>Steganography:</li>\r\n\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/%7Efapp2/steganography/\">		Information Hiding Home Page</a> From the University		of Cambridge</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.stegoarchive.com/\">Stegoarchive.com</a>		Many links to steganography resources</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.jjtc.com/Steganography/tools.html\">		Steganography Software</a> Extensive list of software		tools from <a href=\"http://www.jjtc.com/neil/\"> Neil		F. Johnson</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.symantec.com/connect/articles/steganography-revealed\">		Steganography Revealed</a> from <a		href=\"http://www.symantec.com\">Symantec</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li> Steganography <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steganography\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/%7Erja14/tcpa-faq.html\">TCPA/Palladium        FAQ</a> From Ross Anderson</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.interesting-people.org/archives/interesting-people/199609/msg00026.html\">Why        Type 1 Anonymous Remailers Were Abandoned</a> From the Washington        Post</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://news.cnet.com/2010-1069-980325.html\">        Perspective: RFID tags: Big Brother in small packages</a>        Opinion article from <a href=\"http://news.cnet.com\">CNET</a></li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/TR/turingtest/\">Inaccessibility        of CAPTCHA</a>  W3C article describing some of the drawbacks to        use of Captchas.</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_neutrality\">        Network Neutrality</a> Wikipedia article discussing the        principle that advocates no Government/ISP restrictions on        Internet communication.</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.antiphishing.org/\">Anti Phishing Working        Group</a> Organization against Internet Scams and Fraud</li>        <li>Phishing <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phishing\">        Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<a href=\"http://www.abanet.org/scitech/ec/isc/dsg-tutorial.html\">Digital Signature	Guidelines</a> Legal tutorial/discussion at the <a href=\"http://www.abanet.org\">	American Bar Association</a> </li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"Privacy\"></a>Privacy:</li>\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li> <a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com/carnivore.htm\">		Historical information about Carnivore</a>		at <a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\">		howstuffworks.com </a> and <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivore_%28software%29\">Wikipedia</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.aclu.org/echelonwatch/faq.html\">		Echelon FAQ</a> Info on the secret global spy network</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.eff.org/\">Electronic Frontier		Foundation (EFF)</a> Campaigns for online privacy and		other rights</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.spybusters.com/mbsc1.html\">		Espionage 101</a> Introduction to electronic industrial		espionage</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/P3P/\">Platform for Privacy		Preferences (P3P)</a> Privacy polices in XML</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.epic.org/privacy/tools.html\">		Practical Privacy</a> Online guide, from <a		href=\"http://www.epic.org/\">EPIC</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.privacy.net/analyze/\">Privacy.Net</a>		Real-time tool that tests browsers to see how much data		they reveal</li>\r\n\r\n		<li> Wikipedia articles on <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_privacy\">		Internet privacy </a> and <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_logging\">		data logging</a>.</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.privacyalliance.org/\"> The		Online Privacy Alliance</a> Association of corporations		in support of self-regulation toward online privacy.</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.eskimo.com/%7Ejoelm/tempest.html\">		Tempest Information Page</a> Are all networks vulnerable to		wireless sniffers?  Archival page.</li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<p>&copy; 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.</p>\r\n','Chapter 8: Network Security','','inherit','closed','open','','177-revision-4','','','2013-08-05 20:26:21','2013-08-05 18:26:21','',177,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2013/08/05/177-revision-4/',0,'revision','',0),(181,1,'2013-08-05 20:25:40','2013-08-05 18:25:40','<h1>Contents</h1>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.1  <a href=\"#Sec8.1\"> Cryptography </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.2  <a href=\"#Sec8.2\"> Symmetric-Key Algorithms </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.3  <a href=\"#Sec8.3\"> Public-Key Algorithms </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.4  <a href=\"#Sec8.4\"> Digital Signatures </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.5  <a href=\"#Sec8.5\"> Management of Public Keys </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.6  <a href=\"#Sec8.6\"> Communication Security </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.7  <a href=\"#Sec8.7\"> Authentication Protocols </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.8  <a href=\"#Sec8.8\"> Email Security </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.9  <a href=\"#Sec8.9\"> Web Security </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.10 <a href=\"#Sec8.10\"> Social Issues </a></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"GeneralSecurity\"></a>General Security Links:</h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cert.org/\">CERT Coordination Center</a>        Publishes regular alerts and updates about security issues</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.gocsi.com/\">Computer Security Institute        (CSI)</a> - Information on most network security threats</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/rja14/\">Ross Anderson\'s        Home Page</a> Has links to hundreds of security-related pages</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.sans.org/\">SANS Institute</a> Studies        information security and other networking problems</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.scmagazine.com/\">Secure Computing        Magazine</a> Online version of monthly security magazine</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://online.securityfocus.com/\">Security Focus</a>        Daily news site about network security, recently sold to <a        href=\"http://www.symantec.com/\">Symantec</a></li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a\r\n        href=\"http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/tls-charter.html\">Transport        Layer Security</a> <a href=\"http://www.ietf.org/\">IETF</a>        Working group</li>\r\n\r\n        <li> <a href=\"http://www.packetstormsecurity.com/\"> Packet Storm        Security </a> Non-profit with many resources including security        tools, advisories, exploits, etc. </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.1\"></a>8.1  Cryptography </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a name=\"Crypt\"></a><a href=\"http://www.faqs.org/faqs/cryptography-faq/\">Cryptography        FAQ</a> Series of tutorials on all aspects of crypto</li>\r\n\r\n        <!-- \r\n<li><a href=\"http://www.cs.auckland.ac.nz/~pgut001/links.html\">Encryption\r\n        and Security-Related Resources</a> Hundreds of links about crypto\r\n        and security</li> \r\n-->\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cacr.math.uwaterloo.ca/hac/\">Handbook        of Applied Cryptography</a> Entire        book available for free download, in <a        href=\"http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html\">PDF</a>        and <a href=\"http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost/\">PS</a> format.</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.iacr.org/\">International Association        for Cryptologic Research</a> Current research in crypto</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ciphersbyritter.com/LEARNING.HTM\">        Learning About Cryptography </a> A basic        introduction to cryptography, provided by <a        href=\"http://www.ciphersbyritter.com/\"> Ritter Labs</a>, itself        a site containing extensive cryptography resources </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.interhack.net/people/cmcurtin/snake-oil-faq.html\">Snake        Oil Warning Signs</a> Deflating hype about \"unbreakable\"        encryption</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.qubit.org/\">Centre for Quantum        Computation</a> Quantum cryptography, and quantum        code-breaking</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.garykessler.net/library/crypto.html\">        An Overview of Cryptography</a> Extensive online cryptography        paper from <a href=\"http://www.garykessler.net\"> Gary Kessler        Associates</a>\r\n\r\n        <li><a        href=\"http://people.csail.mit.edu/rivest/crypto-security.html\">        Ronald L. Rivest:  Cryptography and Security </a> List of links        to various sources of cryptography information </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Cryptography<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography\"> Wikipedia        Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Quantum Cryptography<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_cryptography\"> Wikipedia        Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/crypt/overview.php\">	Quantum Cryptography:  Privacy Through Uncertainty</a> Discussion/description of quantum cryptography</li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.2\"></a>8.2  Symmetric-Key Algorithms </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>Symmetric-key algorithm        <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric-key_algorithm\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Data Encryption Standard        <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Encryption_Standard\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Advanced Encryption Standard <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Encryption_Standard\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid14_gci523541,00.html\">What	is Rijndael?</a> Definition from <a href=\"http://www.whatis.com\"> whatis.com </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/symmetric_key_cryptography.html\">	Symmetric Key Cryptography</a> definition from <a href=\"http://www.webopedia.com\"> Webopedia </a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com/encryption2.htm\">	Symmetric Key Cryptography</a> definition from <a	href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\"> howstuffworks.com </a></li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.securitytube.net/Symmetric-Key-Cryptography-video.aspx\">	Symmetric Key Cryptography</a> Video-based tutorial</li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.obviex.com/samples/Encryption.aspx\"> How	To:  Encrypt and Decrypt data using a symmetric (Rijndael) Key	</a> How-to that includes code examples in C#/VB.NET</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Block cipher modes of operation<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_cipher_modes_of_operation\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/toolkit/BCM/index.html\"> Block Ciper Modes</a>	from <a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov\"> The National Institute of Standards and Technology,	Information Technology Laboratory</a> </li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.3\"></a>8.3  Public-Key Algorithms </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>Public-key cryptography<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://computer.howstuffworks.com/encryption3.htm\">	Public Key Cryptography</a> definition from <a	href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\"> howstuffworks.com </a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.mycrypto.net/encryption/public_key_encryption.html\">	Public Key Encryption </a> Brief definition at <a	href=\"http://www.mycrypto.net\"> MyCrypto.net</a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.abcseo.com/papers/security/08-public-key-algorithms.htm\">	Public Key Algorithms</a> Slideshow Presentation </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://ospkibook.sourceforge.net/docs/OSPKI-2.4.7/OSPKI-html/appendix-pkc.htm\">	Description of Public Key Algorithms </a> Short description of RSA</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>RSA <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSA\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.di-mgt.com.au/rsa_alg.html\"> RSA Algorithm        </a> Lengthy description of the algorithm, with examples</li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.4\"></a>8.4  Digital Signatures </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>Digital signature <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_signature\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>MD5<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Secure Hash Algorithm<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Hash_Algorithm\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>SHA-1<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-1\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/PICS/DSig/SHA1_1_0.html\"> SHA1 Secure	Hash Algorithm</a> Overview of how SHA-1 is used on the Web</li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://gtools.org/tool/sha1-hash-generator/\">	SHA1 Hash Generator </a> Computes SHA1 hash from entered text,	from <a href=\"http://gtools.org\"> gtools.org</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>SHA-2<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://converter-generator.com/sha\">SHA Hash Generator</a>	Generates several different SHA hashes based on entered text, from	<a href=\"http://converter-generator.com\"> converter-generator.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.5\"></a>8.5  Management of Public Keys </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n        <li>Cryptography key types <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_key_types\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.rsa.com/rsalabs/node.asp?id=2262\"> What is	Key Management</a> Definition from <a href=\"http://www.rsa.com\">	RSA Laboratories</a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/toolkit/key_management.html\">Key Management </a>	from <a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov\"> The National Institute of Standards and Technology,	Information Technology Laboratory</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>X.509 <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X.509\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/pkix/charter/\">	Public-Key Infrastructure (X.509) </a> PKIX Working Group Page</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Public key infrastructure <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_infrastructure\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.6\"></a>8.6  Communication Security </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>IPsec<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPsec\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/network/bb531150.aspx\">	IPsec</a> Short article with links to many technical documents	at <a href=\"http://technet.microsoft.com\"> Microsoft</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://unixwiz.net/techtips/iguide-ipsec.html\"> An Illustrated	Guide to IPsec</a> Describes how IPsec works, with many illustrations</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>HMAC<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAC\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Message authentication code<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_authentication_code\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2406.txt\">RFC 2406</a>	Describing IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.tcpipguide.com/free/t_IPSecEncapsulatingSecurityPayloadESP.htm\">	IPSec Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) </a> A brief guide	from <a href=\"http://www.tcpipguide.com\"> tcpipguide.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>DMZ<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMZ_(computing)\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://compnetworking.about.com/cs/networksecurity/g/bldef_dmz.htm\">DMZ -	Demilitarized Zone in Computer Networking</a> Short article with related links	from <a href=\"http://compnetworking.about.com\"> about.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"VPN\"></a>Virtual Private Networks</li>\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com/vpn.htm\">How		Virtual Private Networks Work</a> description		from <a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\">		HowStuffWorks</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://compnetworking.about.com/od/vpn/VPN_Virtual_Private_Networking.htm\">		VPN - Virtual Private Networking</a> links to resources,		including free VPN software</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://openvpn.net\">OpenVPN</a> Virtual		Private Network software for many platforms</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.vpnc.org/\">Virtual Private Network		Consortium (VPNC)</a> International trade association		for VPN manufacterers</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a		href=\"http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/network/bb545442.aspx\">		Virtual Private Networks</a> Links to VPN support in		Microsoft Windows</li>\r\n\r\n		<li> VPN <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_network\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"WirelessSecurity\"></a>Wireless Security</li>\r\n\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li> 802.11i <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11i-2004\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.tech-faq.com/80211i.html\">802.11i</a> Article		from <a href=\"http://www.tech-faq.com\"> tech-faq.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li>Wi-Fi Protected Access <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fi_Protected_Access\">\r\n\r\n		<a href=\"http://www.wi-fi.org/knowledge_center/wpa2\">WPA2		(Wi-Fi Protected Access 2)</a> Press releases and		related links from <a href=\"http://www.wi-fi.org\">		wi-fi.org</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li> Wired Equivalent Privacy<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired_Equivalent_Privacy\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a		href=\"http://www.isaac.cs.berkeley.edu/isaac/wep-faq.html\">Security		of the WEP algorithm </a> Article identifying flaws in		WEP, by <a href=\"http://www.isaac.cs.berkeley.edu\"> the		Internet Security, Applications, Authentication		and Cryptography research group</a>, at <a		href=\"http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/\"> UC Berkeley Computer		Science </a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a		href=\"http://www.bluetooth.com/English/Technology/Works/Pages/Security.aspx\">		Bluetooth Security</a> Brief description at <a		href=\"http://www.bluetooth.com\"> bluetooth.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.7\"></a>8.7  Authentication Protocols </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.internationalauthenticationassociation.org/\">        International Authentication Association</a> Industry        consortium for companies involved in the development and use of        authentication technologies, systems and services. </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.biometrics.org/\">Biometrics Consortium</a>        U.S.  government group researching biometric technology</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cs.columbia.edu/%7Ehgs/internet/biometrics.html\">Biometrics        Links</a> To university labs and equipment vendors</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ieee802.org/1/pages/802.1x.html\">IEEE        802.11x</a> and <a        href=\"http://www.ieee802.org/1/pages/802.1aa.html\">802.11aa</a>        IEEE standards for authentication</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://web.mit.edu/kerberos/www/\">Kerberos: The        Network Authentication Protocol</a> Official page from its        inventors, MIT</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.projectliberty.org/\">Liberty Alliance</a>        Distributed authentication project comprising more than 100        organizations and corporations</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.pki-page.org/\"> The PKI Page </a> Info        on Public Key Infrastructure and digital signatures</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authentication\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.8\"></a>8.8  Email Security </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n        <li>Pretty Good Privacy<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretty_Good_Privacy\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.gnupg.org/\">GnuPG</a> The GNU Privacy Guard </li>\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.openpgp.org/\">The OpenPGP Alliance</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://email.about.com/cs/pgp/a/public_key_enc.htm\"> How Public Key	Encryption Works - About Email</a>	from <a href=\"http://email.about.com\"> about.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>S/MIME<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S/MIME\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.andrebacard.com/remail.html\">Anonymous        Remailer FAQ</a> Some information and links about anonymous        remailers</li>\r\n\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.9\"></a>8.9  Web Security </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/Security/Faq/\">The World Wide Web Security FAQ	</a> Long list of frequently-asked questions/answers on Web security</li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://code.google.com/edu/security/index.html\">Web Security</a>	Links to course content on web security at <a href=\"http://www.google.com\">Google </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Secure Sockets Layer<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Sockets_Layer\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"Virus\"></a>Viruses and Malware</li>\r\n\r\n	<ul>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://home.mcafee.com/VirusInfo/Glossary.aspx\">		Glossary of Virus Terms</a> from <a		href=\"http://www.mcafee.com/\">McAfee</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.virusbtn.com/\">Virus Bulletin</a>		Virus updates, independent of anti-virus software		vendors</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.securelist.com/\">Virus		Encyclopedia</a> From <a		href=\"http://www.kaspersky.com/\">Kaspersky		Anti-virus</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.vmyths.com/\">Vmyths</a>		Information on virus hoaxes, urban legends and		scaremongering</li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.10\"></a>8.10 Social Issues </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.andrebacard.com/remail.html\">Anonymous        Remailer FAQ</a> Some information and links about anonymous        remailers</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20060622/2350220.shtml\">        Article about the Felten-DCMA Case</a> from <a        href=\"http://www.techdirt.com\">Tech Dirt</a></li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://fairuse.stanford.edu/\">Copyright and Fair        Use</a> From the Stanford University Library</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.eff.org/search?text=dmca\">DMCA links</a>        and <a href=\"http://www.eff.org/search?text=dmca+cases\">DMCA        cases</a> From the Electronic Frontier Foundation</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ncac.org/internet/filters.cfm\">Internet        Filters</a> How the most popular ones actually work</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.eff.org/search?text=internet+freedom+of+speech+cases\">Internet        Freedom of Speech Cases</a> - From the Electronic Frontier        Foundation</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.aclu.org/search/internet%20freedom%20of%20speech%20cases?show_aff=1\">Internet        Freedom of Speech Cases</a> From the American Civil Liberties        Union</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ncac.org\">National Coalition Against        Censorship</a></li>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a name=\"Steganography\"></a>Steganography:</li>\r\n\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/%7Efapp2/steganography/\">		Information Hiding Home Page</a> From the University		of Cambridge</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.stegoarchive.com/\">Stegoarchive.com</a>		Many links to steganography resources</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.jjtc.com/Steganography/tools.html\">		Steganography Software</a> Extensive list of software		tools from <a href=\"http://www.jjtc.com/neil/\"> Neil		F. Johnson</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.symantec.com/connect/articles/steganography-revealed\">		Steganography Revealed</a> from <a		href=\"http://www.symantec.com\">Symantec</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li> Steganography <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steganography\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/%7Erja14/tcpa-faq.html\">TCPA/Palladium        FAQ</a> From Ross Anderson</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.interesting-people.org/archives/interesting-people/199609/msg00026.html\">Why        Type 1 Anonymous Remailers Were Abandoned</a> From the Washington        Post</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://news.cnet.com/2010-1069-980325.html\">        Perspective: RFID tags: Big Brother in small packages</a>        Opinion article from <a href=\"http://news.cnet.com\">CNET</a></li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/TR/turingtest/\">Inaccessibility        of CAPTCHA</a>  W3C article describing some of the drawbacks to        use of Captchas.</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_neutrality\">        Network Neutrality</a> Wikipedia article discussing the        principle that advocates no Government/ISP restrictions on        Internet communication.</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.antiphishing.org/\">Anti Phishing Working        Group</a> Organization against Internet Scams and Fraud</li>        <li>Phishing <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phishing\">        Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<a href=\"http://www.abanet.org/scitech/ec/isc/dsg-tutorial.html\">Digital Signature	Guidelines</a> Legal tutorial/discussion at the <a href=\"http://www.abanet.org\">	American Bar Association</a> </li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"Privacy\"></a>Privacy:</li>\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li> <a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com/carnivore.htm\">		Historical information about Carnivore</a>		at <a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\">		howstuffworks.com </a> and <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivore_%28software%29\">Wikipedia</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.aclu.org/echelonwatch/faq.html\">		Echelon FAQ</a> Info on the secret global spy network</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.eff.org/\">Electronic Frontier		Foundation (EFF)</a> Campaigns for online privacy and		other rights</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.spybusters.com/mbsc1.html\">		Espionage 101</a> Introduction to electronic industrial		espionage</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/P3P/\">Platform for Privacy		Preferences (P3P)</a> Privacy polices in XML</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.epic.org/privacy/tools.html\">		Practical Privacy</a> Online guide, from <a		href=\"http://www.epic.org/\">EPIC</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.privacy.net/analyze/\">Privacy.Net</a>		Real-time tool that tests browsers to see how much data		they reveal</li>\r\n\r\n		<li> Wikipedia articles on <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_privacy\">		Internet privacy </a> and <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_logging\">		data logging</a>.</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.privacyalliance.org/\"> The		Online Privacy Alliance</a> Association of corporations		in support of self-regulation toward online privacy.</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.eskimo.com/%7Ejoelm/tempest.html\">		Tempest Information Page</a> Are all networks vulnerable to		wireless sniffers?  Archival page.</li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<p>&copy; 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.</p>\r\n','Chapter 8: Network Security','','inherit','closed','open','','177-revision-3','','','2013-08-05 20:25:40','2013-08-05 18:25:40','',177,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2013/08/05/177-revision-3/',0,'revision','',0),(184,1,'2013-08-05 20:29:07','2013-08-05 18:29:07','<h1>Contents</h1>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.1  <a href=\"#Sec8.1\"> Cryptography </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.2  <a href=\"#Sec8.2\"> Symmetric-Key Algorithms </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.3  <a href=\"#Sec8.3\"> Public-Key Algorithms </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.4  <a href=\"#Sec8.4\"> Digital Signatures </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.5  <a href=\"#Sec8.5\"> Management of Public Keys </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.6  <a href=\"#Sec8.6\"> Communication Security </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.7  <a href=\"#Sec8.7\"> Authentication Protocols </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.8  <a href=\"#Sec8.8\"> Email Security </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.9  <a href=\"#Sec8.9\"> Web Security </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.10 <a href=\"#Sec8.10\"> Social Issues </a></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"GeneralSecurity\"></a>General Security Links:</h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cert.org/\">CERT Coordination Center</a>        Publishes regular alerts and updates about security issues</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.gocsi.com/\">Computer Security Institute        (CSI)</a> - Information on most network security threats</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/rja14/\">Ross Anderson\'s        Home Page</a> Has links to hundreds of security-related pages</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.sans.org/\">SANS Institute</a> Studies        information security and other networking problems</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.scmagazine.com/\">Secure Computing        Magazine</a> Online version of monthly security magazine</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://online.securityfocus.com/\">Security Focus</a>        Daily news site about network security, recently sold to <a        href=\"http://www.symantec.com/\">Symantec</a></li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a\r\n        href=\"http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/tls-charter.html\">Transport        Layer Security</a> <a href=\"http://www.ietf.org/\">IETF</a>        Working group</li>\r\n\r\n        <li> <a href=\"http://www.packetstormsecurity.com/\"> Packet Storm        Security </a> Non-profit with many resources including security        tools, advisories, exploits, etc. </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.1\"></a>8.1  Cryptography </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a name=\"Crypt\"></a><a href=\"http://www.faqs.org/faqs/cryptography-faq/\">Cryptography        FAQ</a> Series of tutorials on all aspects of crypto</li>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cacr.math.uwaterloo.ca/hac/\">Handbook        of Applied Cryptography</a> Entire        book available for free download, in <a        href=\"http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html\">PDF</a>        and <a href=\"http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost/\">PS</a> format.</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.iacr.org/\">International Association        for Cryptologic Research</a> Current research in crypto</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ciphersbyritter.com/LEARNING.HTM\">        Learning About Cryptography </a> A basic        introduction to cryptography, provided by <a        href=\"http://www.ciphersbyritter.com/\"> Ritter Labs</a>, itself        a site containing extensive cryptography resources </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.interhack.net/people/cmcurtin/snake-oil-faq.html\">Snake        Oil Warning Signs</a> Deflating hype about \"unbreakable\"        encryption</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.qubit.org/\">Centre for Quantum        Computation</a> Quantum cryptography, and quantum        code-breaking</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.garykessler.net/library/crypto.html\">        An Overview of Cryptography</a> Extensive online cryptography        paper from <a href=\"http://www.garykessler.net\"> Gary Kessler        Associates</a>\r\n\r\n        <li><a        href=\"http://people.csail.mit.edu/rivest/crypto-security.html\">        Ronald L. Rivest:  Cryptography and Security </a> List of links        to various sources of cryptography information </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Cryptography<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography\"> Wikipedia        Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Quantum Cryptography<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_cryptography\"> Wikipedia        Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/crypt/overview.php\">	Quantum Cryptography:  Privacy Through Uncertainty</a> Discussion/description of quantum cryptography</li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.2\"></a>8.2  Symmetric-Key Algorithms </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>Symmetric-key algorithm        <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric-key_algorithm\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Data Encryption Standard        <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Encryption_Standard\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Advanced Encryption Standard <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Encryption_Standard\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid14_gci523541,00.html\">What	is Rijndael?</a> Definition from <a href=\"http://www.whatis.com\"> whatis.com </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/symmetric_key_cryptography.html\">	Symmetric Key Cryptography</a> definition from <a href=\"http://www.webopedia.com\"> Webopedia </a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com/encryption2.htm\">	Symmetric Key Cryptography</a> definition from <a	href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\"> howstuffworks.com </a></li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.securitytube.net/Symmetric-Key-Cryptography-video.aspx\">	Symmetric Key Cryptography</a> Video-based tutorial</li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.obviex.com/samples/Encryption.aspx\"> How	To:  Encrypt and Decrypt data using a symmetric (Rijndael) Key	</a> How-to that includes code examples in C#/VB.NET</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Block cipher modes of operation<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_cipher_modes_of_operation\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/toolkit/BCM/index.html\"> Block Ciper Modes</a>	from <a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov\"> The National Institute of Standards and Technology,	Information Technology Laboratory</a> </li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.3\"></a>8.3  Public-Key Algorithms </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>Public-key cryptography<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://computer.howstuffworks.com/encryption3.htm\">	Public Key Cryptography</a> definition from <a	href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\"> howstuffworks.com </a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.mycrypto.net/encryption/public_key_encryption.html\">	Public Key Encryption </a> Brief definition at <a	href=\"http://www.mycrypto.net\"> MyCrypto.net</a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.abcseo.com/papers/security/08-public-key-algorithms.htm\">	Public Key Algorithms</a> Slideshow Presentation </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://ospkibook.sourceforge.net/docs/OSPKI-2.4.7/OSPKI-html/appendix-pkc.htm\">	Description of Public Key Algorithms </a> Short description of RSA</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>RSA <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSA\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.di-mgt.com.au/rsa_alg.html\"> RSA Algorithm        </a> Lengthy description of the algorithm, with examples</li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.4\"></a>8.4  Digital Signatures </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>Digital signature <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_signature\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>MD5<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Secure Hash Algorithm<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Hash_Algorithm\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>SHA-1<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-1\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/PICS/DSig/SHA1_1_0.html\"> SHA1 Secure	Hash Algorithm</a> Overview of how SHA-1 is used on the Web</li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://gtools.org/tool/sha1-hash-generator/\">	SHA1 Hash Generator </a> Computes SHA1 hash from entered text,	from <a href=\"http://gtools.org\"> gtools.org</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>SHA-2<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://converter-generator.com/sha\">SHA Hash Generator</a>	Generates several different SHA hashes based on entered text, from	<a href=\"http://converter-generator.com\"> converter-generator.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.5\"></a>8.5  Management of Public Keys </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n        <li>Cryptography key types <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_key_types\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.rsa.com/rsalabs/node.asp?id=2262\"> What is	Key Management</a> Definition from <a href=\"http://www.rsa.com\">	RSA Laboratories</a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/toolkit/key_management.html\">Key Management </a>	from <a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov\"> The National Institute of Standards and Technology,	Information Technology Laboratory</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>X.509 <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X.509\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/pkix/charter/\">	Public-Key Infrastructure (X.509) </a> PKIX Working Group Page</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Public key infrastructure <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_infrastructure\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.6\"></a>8.6  Communication Security </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>IPsec<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPsec\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/network/bb531150.aspx\">	IPsec</a> Short article with links to many technical documents	at <a href=\"http://technet.microsoft.com\"> Microsoft</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://unixwiz.net/techtips/iguide-ipsec.html\"> An Illustrated	Guide to IPsec</a> Describes how IPsec works, with many illustrations</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>HMAC<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAC\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Message authentication code<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_authentication_code\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2406.txt\">RFC 2406</a>	Describing IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.tcpipguide.com/free/t_IPSecEncapsulatingSecurityPayloadESP.htm\">	IPSec Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) </a> A brief guide	from <a href=\"http://www.tcpipguide.com\"> tcpipguide.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>DMZ<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMZ_(computing)\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://compnetworking.about.com/cs/networksecurity/g/bldef_dmz.htm\">DMZ -	Demilitarized Zone in Computer Networking</a> Short article with related links	from <a href=\"http://compnetworking.about.com\"> about.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"VPN\"></a>Virtual Private Networks</li>\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com/vpn.htm\">How		Virtual Private Networks Work</a> description		from <a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\">		HowStuffWorks</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://compnetworking.about.com/od/vpn/VPN_Virtual_Private_Networking.htm\">		VPN - Virtual Private Networking</a> links to resources,		including free VPN software</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://openvpn.net\">OpenVPN</a> Virtual		Private Network software for many platforms</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.vpnc.org/\">Virtual Private Network		Consortium (VPNC)</a> International trade association		for VPN manufacterers</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a		href=\"http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/network/bb545442.aspx\">		Virtual Private Networks</a> Links to VPN support in		Microsoft Windows</li>\r\n\r\n		<li> VPN <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_network\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"WirelessSecurity\"></a>Wireless Security</li>\r\n\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li> 802.11i <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11i-2004\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.tech-faq.com/80211i.html\">802.11i</a> Article		from <a href=\"http://www.tech-faq.com\"> tech-faq.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li>Wi-Fi Protected Access <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fi_Protected_Access\">		<a href=\"http://www.wi-fi.org/knowledge_center/wpa2\">WPA2		(Wi-Fi Protected Access 2)</a> Press releases and		related links from <a href=\"http://www.wi-fi.org\">		wi-fi.org</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li>Wired Equivalent Privacy<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired_Equivalent_Privacy\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a		href=\"http://www.isaac.cs.berkeley.edu/isaac/wep-faq.html\">Security		of the WEP algorithm </a> Article identifying flaws in		WEP, by <a href=\"http://www.isaac.cs.berkeley.edu\"> the		Internet Security, Applications, Authentication		and Cryptography research group</a>, at <a		href=\"http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/\"> UC Berkeley Computer		Science </a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a		href=\"http://www.bluetooth.com/English/Technology/Works/Pages/Security.aspx\">		Bluetooth Security</a> Brief description at <a		href=\"http://www.bluetooth.com\"> bluetooth.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.7\"></a>8.7  Authentication Protocols </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.internationalauthenticationassociation.org/\">        International Authentication Association</a> Industry        consortium for companies involved in the development and use of        authentication technologies, systems and services. </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.biometrics.org/\">Biometrics Consortium</a>        U.S.  government group researching biometric technology</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cs.columbia.edu/%7Ehgs/internet/biometrics.html\">Biometrics        Links</a> To university labs and equipment vendors</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ieee802.org/1/pages/802.1x.html\">IEEE        802.11x</a> and <a        href=\"http://www.ieee802.org/1/pages/802.1aa.html\">802.11aa</a>        IEEE standards for authentication</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://web.mit.edu/kerberos/www/\">Kerberos: The        Network Authentication Protocol</a> Official page from its        inventors, MIT</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.projectliberty.org/\">Liberty Alliance</a>        Distributed authentication project comprising more than 100        organizations and corporations</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.pki-page.org/\"> The PKI Page </a> Info        on Public Key Infrastructure and digital signatures</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authentication\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.8\"></a>8.8  Email Security </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n        <li>Pretty Good Privacy<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretty_Good_Privacy\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.gnupg.org/\">GnuPG</a> The GNU Privacy Guard </li>\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.openpgp.org/\">The OpenPGP Alliance</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://email.about.com/cs/pgp/a/public_key_enc.htm\"> How Public Key	Encryption Works - About Email</a>	from <a href=\"http://email.about.com\"> about.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>S/MIME<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S/MIME\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.andrebacard.com/remail.html\">Anonymous        Remailer FAQ</a> Some information and links about anonymous        remailers</li>\r\n\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.9\"></a>8.9  Web Security </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/Security/Faq/\">The World Wide Web Security FAQ	</a> Long list of frequently-asked questions/answers on Web security</li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://code.google.com/edu/security/index.html\">Web Security</a>	Links to course content on web security at <a href=\"http://www.google.com\">Google </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Secure Sockets Layer<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Sockets_Layer\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"Virus\"></a>Viruses and Malware</li>\r\n\r\n	<ul>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://home.mcafee.com/VirusInfo/Glossary.aspx\">		Glossary of Virus Terms</a> from <a		href=\"http://www.mcafee.com/\">McAfee</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.virusbtn.com/\">Virus Bulletin</a>		Virus updates, independent of anti-virus software		vendors</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.securelist.com/\">Virus		Encyclopedia</a> From <a		href=\"http://www.kaspersky.com/\">Kaspersky		Anti-virus</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.vmyths.com/\">Vmyths</a>		Information on virus hoaxes, urban legends and		scaremongering</li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.10\"></a>8.10 Social Issues </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.andrebacard.com/remail.html\">Anonymous        Remailer FAQ</a> Some information and links about anonymous        remailers</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20060622/2350220.shtml\">        Article about the Felten-DCMA Case</a> from <a        href=\"http://www.techdirt.com\">Tech Dirt</a></li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://fairuse.stanford.edu/\">Copyright and Fair        Use</a> From the Stanford University Library</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.eff.org/search?text=dmca\">DMCA links</a>        and <a href=\"http://www.eff.org/search?text=dmca+cases\">DMCA        cases</a> From the Electronic Frontier Foundation</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ncac.org/internet/filters.cfm\">Internet        Filters</a> How the most popular ones actually work</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.eff.org/search?text=internet+freedom+of+speech+cases\">Internet        Freedom of Speech Cases</a> - From the Electronic Frontier        Foundation</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.aclu.org/search/internet%20freedom%20of%20speech%20cases?show_aff=1\">Internet        Freedom of Speech Cases</a> From the American Civil Liberties        Union</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ncac.org\">National Coalition Against        Censorship</a></li>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a name=\"Steganography\"></a>Steganography:</li>\r\n\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/%7Efapp2/steganography/\">		Information Hiding Home Page</a> From the University		of Cambridge</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.stegoarchive.com/\">Stegoarchive.com</a>		Many links to steganography resources</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.jjtc.com/Steganography/tools.html\">		Steganography Software</a> Extensive list of software		tools from <a href=\"http://www.jjtc.com/neil/\"> Neil		F. Johnson</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.symantec.com/connect/articles/steganography-revealed\">		Steganography Revealed</a> from <a		href=\"http://www.symantec.com\">Symantec</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li> Steganography <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steganography\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/%7Erja14/tcpa-faq.html\">TCPA/Palladium        FAQ</a> From Ross Anderson</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.interesting-people.org/archives/interesting-people/199609/msg00026.html\">Why        Type 1 Anonymous Remailers Were Abandoned</a> From the Washington        Post</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://news.cnet.com/2010-1069-980325.html\">        Perspective: RFID tags: Big Brother in small packages</a>        Opinion article from <a href=\"http://news.cnet.com\">CNET</a></li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/TR/turingtest/\">Inaccessibility        of CAPTCHA</a>  W3C article describing some of the drawbacks to        use of Captchas.</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_neutrality\">        Network Neutrality</a> Wikipedia article discussing the        principle that advocates no Government/ISP restrictions on        Internet communication.</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.antiphishing.org/\">Anti Phishing Working        Group</a> Organization against Internet Scams and Fraud</li>        <li>Phishing <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phishing\">        Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<a href=\"http://www.abanet.org/scitech/ec/isc/dsg-tutorial.html\">Digital Signature	Guidelines</a> Legal tutorial/discussion at the <a href=\"http://www.abanet.org\">	American Bar Association</a> </li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"Privacy\"></a>Privacy:</li>\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li> <a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com/carnivore.htm\">		Historical information about Carnivore</a>		at <a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\">		howstuffworks.com </a> and <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivore_%28software%29\">Wikipedia</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.aclu.org/echelonwatch/faq.html\">		Echelon FAQ</a> Info on the secret global spy network</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.eff.org/\">Electronic Frontier		Foundation (EFF)</a> Campaigns for online privacy and		other rights</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.spybusters.com/mbsc1.html\">		Espionage 101</a> Introduction to electronic industrial		espionage</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/P3P/\">Platform for Privacy		Preferences (P3P)</a> Privacy polices in XML</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.epic.org/privacy/tools.html\">		Practical Privacy</a> Online guide, from <a		href=\"http://www.epic.org/\">EPIC</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.privacy.net/analyze/\">Privacy.Net</a>		Real-time tool that tests browsers to see how much data		they reveal</li>\r\n\r\n		<li> Wikipedia articles on <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_privacy\">		Internet privacy </a> and <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_logging\">		data logging</a>.</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.privacyalliance.org/\"> The		Online Privacy Alliance</a> Association of corporations		in support of self-regulation toward online privacy.</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.eskimo.com/%7Ejoelm/tempest.html\">		Tempest Information Page</a> Are all networks vulnerable to		wireless sniffers?  Archival page.</li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<p>&copy; 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.</p>\r\n','Chapter 8: Network Security','','inherit','closed','open','','177-revision-6','','','2013-08-05 20:29:07','2013-08-05 18:29:07','',177,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2013/08/05/177-revision-6/',0,'revision','',0),(185,1,'2013-08-05 20:30:06','2013-08-05 18:30:06','<h1>Contents</h1>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.1  <a href=\"#Sec8.1\"> Cryptography </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.2  <a href=\"#Sec8.2\"> Symmetric-Key Algorithms </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.3  <a href=\"#Sec8.3\"> Public-Key Algorithms </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.4  <a href=\"#Sec8.4\"> Digital Signatures </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.5  <a href=\"#Sec8.5\"> Management of Public Keys </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.6  <a href=\"#Sec8.6\"> Communication Security </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.7  <a href=\"#Sec8.7\"> Authentication Protocols </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.8  <a href=\"#Sec8.8\"> Email Security </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.9  <a href=\"#Sec8.9\"> Web Security </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.10 <a href=\"#Sec8.10\"> Social Issues </a></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"GeneralSecurity\"></a>General Security Links:</h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cert.org/\">CERT Coordination Center</a>        Publishes regular alerts and updates about security issues</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.gocsi.com/\">Computer Security Institute        (CSI)</a> - Information on most network security threats</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/rja14/\">Ross Anderson\'s        Home Page</a> Has links to hundreds of security-related pages</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.sans.org/\">SANS Institute</a> Studies        information security and other networking problems</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.scmagazine.com/\">Secure Computing        Magazine</a> Online version of monthly security magazine</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://online.securityfocus.com/\">Security Focus</a>        Daily news site about network security, recently sold to <a        href=\"http://www.symantec.com/\">Symantec</a></li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a\r\n        href=\"http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/tls-charter.html\">Transport        Layer Security</a> <a href=\"http://www.ietf.org/\">IETF</a>        Working group</li>\r\n\r\n        <li> <a href=\"http://www.packetstormsecurity.com/\"> Packet Storm        Security </a> Non-profit with many resources including security        tools, advisories, exploits, etc. </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.1\"></a>8.1  Cryptography </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a name=\"Crypt\"></a><a href=\"http://www.faqs.org/faqs/cryptography-faq/\">Cryptography        FAQ</a> Series of tutorials on all aspects of crypto</li>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cacr.math.uwaterloo.ca/hac/\">Handbook        of Applied Cryptography</a> Entire        book available for free download, in <a        href=\"http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html\">PDF</a>        and <a href=\"http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost/\">PS</a> format.</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.iacr.org/\">International Association        for Cryptologic Research</a> Current research in crypto</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ciphersbyritter.com/LEARNING.HTM\">        Learning About Cryptography </a> A basic        introduction to cryptography, provided by <a        href=\"http://www.ciphersbyritter.com/\"> Ritter Labs</a>, itself        a site containing extensive cryptography resources </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.interhack.net/people/cmcurtin/snake-oil-faq.html\">Snake        Oil Warning Signs</a> Deflating hype about \"unbreakable\"        encryption</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.qubit.org/\">Centre for Quantum        Computation</a> Quantum cryptography, and quantum        code-breaking</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.garykessler.net/library/crypto.html\">        An Overview of Cryptography</a> Extensive online cryptography        paper from <a href=\"http://www.garykessler.net\"> Gary Kessler        Associates</a>\r\n\r\n        <li><a        href=\"http://people.csail.mit.edu/rivest/crypto-security.html\">        Ronald L. Rivest:  Cryptography and Security </a> List of links        to various sources of cryptography information </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Cryptography<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography\"> Wikipedia        Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Quantum Cryptography<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_cryptography\"> Wikipedia        Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/crypt/overview.php\">	Quantum Cryptography:  Privacy Through Uncertainty</a> Discussion/description of quantum cryptography</li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.2\"></a>8.2  Symmetric-Key Algorithms </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>Symmetric-key algorithm        <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric-key_algorithm\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Data Encryption Standard        <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Encryption_Standard\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Advanced Encryption Standard <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Encryption_Standard\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid14_gci523541,00.html\">What	is Rijndael?</a> Definition from <a href=\"http://www.whatis.com\"> whatis.com </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/symmetric_key_cryptography.html\">	Symmetric Key Cryptography</a> definition from <a href=\"http://www.webopedia.com\"> Webopedia </a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com/encryption2.htm\">	Symmetric Key Cryptography</a> definition from <a	href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\"> howstuffworks.com </a></li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.securitytube.net/Symmetric-Key-Cryptography-video.aspx\">	Symmetric Key Cryptography</a> Video-based tutorial</li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.obviex.com/samples/Encryption.aspx\"> How	To:  Encrypt and Decrypt data using a symmetric (Rijndael) Key	</a> How-to that includes code examples in C#/VB.NET</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Block cipher modes of operation<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_cipher_modes_of_operation\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/toolkit/BCM/index.html\"> Block Ciper Modes</a>	from <a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov\"> The National Institute of Standards and Technology,	Information Technology Laboratory</a> </li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.3\"></a>8.3  Public-Key Algorithms </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>Public-key cryptography<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://computer.howstuffworks.com/encryption3.htm\">	Public Key Cryptography</a> definition from <a	href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\"> howstuffworks.com </a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.mycrypto.net/encryption/public_key_encryption.html\">	Public Key Encryption </a> Brief definition at <a	href=\"http://www.mycrypto.net\"> MyCrypto.net</a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.abcseo.com/papers/security/08-public-key-algorithms.htm\">	Public Key Algorithms</a> Slideshow Presentation </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://ospkibook.sourceforge.net/docs/OSPKI-2.4.7/OSPKI-html/appendix-pkc.htm\">	Description of Public Key Algorithms </a> Short description of RSA</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>RSA <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSA\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.di-mgt.com.au/rsa_alg.html\"> RSA Algorithm        </a> Lengthy description of the algorithm, with examples</li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.4\"></a>8.4  Digital Signatures </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>Digital signature <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_signature\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>MD5<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Secure Hash Algorithm<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Hash_Algorithm\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>SHA-1<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-1\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/PICS/DSig/SHA1_1_0.html\"> SHA1 Secure	Hash Algorithm</a> Overview of how SHA-1 is used on the Web</li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://gtools.org/tool/sha1-hash-generator/\">	SHA1 Hash Generator </a> Computes SHA1 hash from entered text,	from <a href=\"http://gtools.org\"> gtools.org</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>SHA-2<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://converter-generator.com/sha\">SHA Hash Generator</a>	Generates several different SHA hashes based on entered text, from	<a href=\"http://converter-generator.com\"> converter-generator.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.5\"></a>8.5  Management of Public Keys </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n        <li>Cryptography key types <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_key_types\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.rsa.com/rsalabs/node.asp?id=2262\"> What is	Key Management</a> Definition from <a href=\"http://www.rsa.com\">	RSA Laboratories</a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/toolkit/key_management.html\">Key Management </a>	from <a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov\"> The National Institute of Standards and Technology,	Information Technology Laboratory</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>X.509 <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X.509\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/pkix/charter/\">	Public-Key Infrastructure (X.509) </a> PKIX Working Group Page</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Public key infrastructure <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_infrastructure\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.6\"></a>8.6  Communication Security </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>IPsec<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPsec\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/network/bb531150.aspx\">	IPsec</a> Short article with links to many technical documents	at <a href=\"http://technet.microsoft.com\"> Microsoft</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://unixwiz.net/techtips/iguide-ipsec.html\"> An Illustrated	Guide to IPsec</a> Describes how IPsec works, with many illustrations</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>HMAC<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAC\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Message authentication code<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_authentication_code\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2406.txt\">RFC 2406</a>	Describing IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.tcpipguide.com/free/t_IPSecEncapsulatingSecurityPayloadESP.htm\">	IPSec Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) </a> A brief guide	from <a href=\"http://www.tcpipguide.com\"> tcpipguide.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>DMZ<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMZ_(computing)\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://compnetworking.about.com/cs/networksecurity/g/bldef_dmz.htm\">DMZ -	Demilitarized Zone in Computer Networking</a> Short article with related links	from <a href=\"http://compnetworking.about.com\"> about.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"VPN\"></a>Virtual Private Networks</li>\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com/vpn.htm\">How		Virtual Private Networks Work</a> description		from <a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\">		HowStuffWorks</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://compnetworking.about.com/od/vpn/VPN_Virtual_Private_Networking.htm\">		VPN - Virtual Private Networking</a> links to resources,		including free VPN software</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://openvpn.net\">OpenVPN</a> Virtual		Private Network software for many platforms</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.vpnc.org/\">Virtual Private Network		Consortium (VPNC)</a> International trade association		for VPN manufacterers</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a		href=\"http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/network/bb545442.aspx\">		Virtual Private Networks</a> Links to VPN support in		Microsoft Windows</li>\r\n\r\n		<li> VPN <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_network\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"WirelessSecurity\"></a>Wireless Security</li>\r\n\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li> 802.11i <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11i-2004\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.tech-faq.com/80211i.html\">802.11i</a> Article		from <a href=\"http://www.tech-faq.com\"> tech-faq.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li>Wi-Fi Protected Access <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fi_Protected_Access\">		<a href=\"http://www.wi-fi.org/knowledge_center/wpa2\">WPA2		(Wi-Fi Protected Access 2)</a> Press releases and		related links from <a href=\"http://www.wi-fi.org\">		wi-fi.org</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li>Wired Equivalent Privacy<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired_Equivalent_Privacy\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a		href=\"http://www.isaac.cs.berkeley.edu/isaac/wep-faq.html\">Security		of the WEP algorithm </a> Article identifying flaws in		WEP, by <a href=\"http://www.isaac.cs.berkeley.edu\"> the		Internet Security, Applications, Authentication		and Cryptography research group</a>, at <a		href=\"http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/\"> UC Berkeley Computer		Science </a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a		href=\"http://www.bluetooth.com/English/Technology/Works/Pages/Security.aspx\">		Bluetooth Security</a> Brief description at <a		href=\"http://www.bluetooth.com\"> bluetooth.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.7\"></a>8.7  Authentication Protocols </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.internationalauthenticationassociation.org/\">        International Authentication Association</a> Industry        consortium for companies involved in the development and use of        authentication technologies, systems and services. </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.biometrics.org/\">Biometrics Consortium</a>        U.S.  government group researching biometric technology</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cs.columbia.edu/%7Ehgs/internet/biometrics.html\">Biometrics        Links</a> To university labs and equipment vendors</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ieee802.org/1/pages/802.1x.html\">IEEE        802.11x</a> and <a        href=\"http://www.ieee802.org/1/pages/802.1aa.html\">802.11aa</a>        IEEE standards for authentication</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://web.mit.edu/kerberos/www/\">Kerberos: The        Network Authentication Protocol</a> Official page from its        inventors, MIT</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.projectliberty.org/\">Liberty Alliance</a>        Distributed authentication project comprising more than 100        organizations and corporations</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.pki-page.org/\"> The PKI Page </a> Info        on Public Key Infrastructure and digital signatures</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authentication\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.8\"></a>8.8  Email Security </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n        <li>Pretty Good Privacy<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretty_Good_Privacy\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.gnupg.org/\">GnuPG</a> The GNU Privacy Guard </li>\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.openpgp.org/\">The OpenPGP Alliance</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://email.about.com/cs/pgp/a/public_key_enc.htm\"> How Public Key	Encryption Works - About Email</a>	from <a href=\"http://email.about.com\"> about.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>S/MIME<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S/MIME\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.andrebacard.com/remail.html\">Anonymous        Remailer FAQ</a> Some information and links about anonymous        remailers</li>\r\n\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.9\"></a>8.9  Web Security </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/Security/Faq/\">The World Wide Web Security FAQ	</a> Long list of frequently-asked questions/answers on Web security</li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://code.google.com/edu/security/index.html\">Web Security</a>	Links to course content on web security at <a href=\"http://www.google.com\">Google </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Secure Sockets Layer<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Sockets_Layer\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"Virus\"></a>Viruses and Malware</li>\r\n\r\n	<ul>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://home.mcafee.com/VirusInfo/Glossary.aspx\">		Glossary of Virus Terms</a> from <a		href=\"http://www.mcafee.com/\">McAfee</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.virusbtn.com/\">Virus Bulletin</a>		Virus updates, independent of anti-virus software		vendors</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.securelist.com/\">Virus		Encyclopedia</a> From <a		href=\"http://www.kaspersky.com/\">Kaspersky		Anti-virus</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.vmyths.com/\">Vmyths</a>		Information on virus hoaxes, urban legends and		scaremongering</li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.10\"></a>8.10 Social Issues </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.andrebacard.com/remail.html\">Anonymous        Remailer FAQ</a> Some information and links about anonymous        remailers</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20060622/2350220.shtml\">        Article about the Felten-DCMA Case</a> from <a        href=\"http://www.techdirt.com\">Tech Dirt</a></li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://fairuse.stanford.edu/\">Copyright and Fair        Use</a> From the Stanford University Library</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.eff.org/search?text=dmca\">DMCA links</a>        and <a href=\"http://www.eff.org/search?text=dmca+cases\">DMCA        cases</a> From the Electronic Frontier Foundation</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ncac.org/internet/filters.cfm\">Internet        Filters</a> How the most popular ones actually work</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.eff.org/search?text=internet+freedom+of+speech+cases\">Internet        Freedom of Speech Cases</a> - From the Electronic Frontier        Foundation</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.aclu.org/search/internet%20freedom%20of%20speech%20cases?show_aff=1\">Internet        Freedom of Speech Cases</a> From the American Civil Liberties        Union</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ncac.org\">National Coalition Against        Censorship</a></li>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a name=\"Steganography\"></a>Steganography:</li>\r\n\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/%7Efapp2/steganography/\">		Information Hiding Home Page</a> From the University		of Cambridge</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.stegoarchive.com/\">Stegoarchive.com</a>		Many links to steganography resources</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.jjtc.com/Steganography/tools.html\">		Steganography Software</a> Extensive list of software		tools from <a href=\"http://www.jjtc.com/neil/\"> Neil		F. Johnson</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.symantec.com/connect/articles/steganography-revealed\">		Steganography Revealed</a> from <a		href=\"http://www.symantec.com\">Symantec</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li> Steganography <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steganography\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/%7Erja14/tcpa-faq.html\">TCPA/Palladium        FAQ</a> From Ross Anderson</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.interesting-people.org/archives/interesting-people/199609/msg00026.html\">Why        Type 1 Anonymous Remailers Were Abandoned</a> From the Washington        Post</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://news.cnet.com/2010-1069-980325.html\">        Perspective: RFID tags: Big Brother in small packages</a>        Opinion article from <a href=\"http://news.cnet.com\">CNET</a></li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/TR/turingtest/\">Inaccessibility        of CAPTCHA</a>  W3C article describing some of the drawbacks to        use of Captchas.</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_neutrality\">        Network Neutrality</a> Wikipedia article discussing the        principle that advocates no Government/ISP restrictions on        Internet communication.</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.antiphishing.org/\">Anti Phishing Working        Group</a> Organization against Internet Scams and Fraud</li>        <li>Phishing <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phishing\">        Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<a href=\"http://www.abanet.org/scitech/ec/isc/dsg-tutorial.html\">Digital Signature	Guidelines</a> Legal tutorial/discussion at the <a href=\"http://www.abanet.org\">	American Bar Association</a> </li>\r\n	<li><a name=\"Privacy\"></a>Privacy:</li>\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li> <a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com/carnivore.htm\">		Historical information about Carnivore</a>		at <a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\">		howstuffworks.com </a> and <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivore_%28software%29\">Wikipedia</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.aclu.org/echelonwatch/faq.html\">		Echelon FAQ</a> Info on the secret global spy network</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.eff.org/\">Electronic Frontier		Foundation (EFF)</a> Campaigns for online privacy and		other rights</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.spybusters.com/mbsc1.html\">		Espionage 101</a> Introduction to electronic industrial		espionage</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/P3P/\">Platform for Privacy		Preferences (P3P)</a> Privacy polices in XML</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.epic.org/privacy/tools.html\">		Practical Privacy</a> Online guide, from <a		href=\"http://www.epic.org/\">EPIC</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.privacy.net/analyze/\">Privacy.Net</a>		Real-time tool that tests browsers to see how much data		they reveal</li>\r\n\r\n		<li> Wikipedia articles on <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_privacy\">		Internet privacy </a> and <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_logging\">		data logging</a>.</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.privacyalliance.org/\"> The		Online Privacy Alliance</a> Association of corporations		in support of self-regulation toward online privacy.</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.eskimo.com/%7Ejoelm/tempest.html\">		Tempest Information Page</a> Are all networks vulnerable to		wireless sniffers?  Archival page.</li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<p>&copy; 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.</p>\r\n','Chapter 8: Network Security','','inherit','closed','open','','177-revision-7','','','2013-08-05 20:30:06','2013-08-05 18:30:06','',177,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2013/08/05/177-revision-7/',0,'revision','',0),(186,1,'2013-08-05 20:31:06','2013-08-05 18:31:06','<h1>Contents</h1>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.1  <a href=\"#Sec8.1\"> Cryptography </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.2  <a href=\"#Sec8.2\"> Symmetric-Key Algorithms </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.3  <a href=\"#Sec8.3\"> Public-Key Algorithms </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.4  <a href=\"#Sec8.4\"> Digital Signatures </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.5  <a href=\"#Sec8.5\"> Management of Public Keys </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.6  <a href=\"#Sec8.6\"> Communication Security </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.7  <a href=\"#Sec8.7\"> Authentication Protocols </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.8  <a href=\"#Sec8.8\"> Email Security </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.9  <a href=\"#Sec8.9\"> Web Security </a></li>\r\n<li style=list-style-type:none>8.10 <a href=\"#Sec8.10\"> Social Issues </a></li>\r\n</ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"GeneralSecurity\"></a>General Security Links:</h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cert.org/\">CERT Coordination Center</a>        Publishes regular alerts and updates about security issues</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.gocsi.com/\">Computer Security Institute        (CSI)</a> - Information on most network security threats</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/rja14/\">Ross Anderson\'s        Home Page</a> Has links to hundreds of security-related pages</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.sans.org/\">SANS Institute</a> Studies        information security and other networking problems</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.scmagazine.com/\">Secure Computing        Magazine</a> Online version of monthly security magazine</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://online.securityfocus.com/\">Security Focus</a>        Daily news site about network security, recently sold to <a        href=\"http://www.symantec.com/\">Symantec</a></li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a\r\n        href=\"http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/tls-charter.html\">Transport        Layer Security</a> <a href=\"http://www.ietf.org/\">IETF</a>        Working group</li>\r\n\r\n        <li> <a href=\"http://www.packetstormsecurity.com/\"> Packet Storm        Security </a> Non-profit with many resources including security        tools, advisories, exploits, etc. </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.1\"></a>8.1  Cryptography </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a name=\"Crypt\"></a><a href=\"http://www.faqs.org/faqs/cryptography-faq/\">Cryptography        FAQ</a> Series of tutorials on all aspects of crypto</li>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cacr.math.uwaterloo.ca/hac/\">Handbook        of Applied Cryptography</a> Entire        book available for free download, in <a        href=\"http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html\">PDF</a>        and <a href=\"http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost/\">PS</a> format.</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.iacr.org/\">International Association        for Cryptologic Research</a> Current research in crypto</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ciphersbyritter.com/LEARNING.HTM\">        Learning About Cryptography </a> A basic        introduction to cryptography, provided by <a        href=\"http://www.ciphersbyritter.com/\"> Ritter Labs</a>, itself        a site containing extensive cryptography resources </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.interhack.net/people/cmcurtin/snake-oil-faq.html\">Snake        Oil Warning Signs</a> Deflating hype about \"unbreakable\"        encryption</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.qubit.org/\">Centre for Quantum        Computation</a> Quantum cryptography, and quantum        code-breaking</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.garykessler.net/library/crypto.html\">        An Overview of Cryptography</a> Extensive online cryptography        paper from <a href=\"http://www.garykessler.net\"> Gary Kessler        Associates</a>\r\n\r\n        <li><a        href=\"http://people.csail.mit.edu/rivest/crypto-security.html\">        Ronald L. Rivest:  Cryptography and Security </a> List of links        to various sources of cryptography information </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Cryptography<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography\"> Wikipedia        Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Quantum Cryptography<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_cryptography\"> Wikipedia        Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/crypt/overview.php\">	Quantum Cryptography:  Privacy Through Uncertainty</a> Discussion/description of quantum cryptography</li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.2\"></a>8.2  Symmetric-Key Algorithms </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>Symmetric-key algorithm        <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric-key_algorithm\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Data Encryption Standard        <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Encryption_Standard\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Advanced Encryption Standard <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Encryption_Standard\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid14_gci523541,00.html\">What	is Rijndael?</a> Definition from <a href=\"http://www.whatis.com\"> whatis.com </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/symmetric_key_cryptography.html\">	Symmetric Key Cryptography</a> definition from <a href=\"http://www.webopedia.com\"> Webopedia </a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com/encryption2.htm\">	Symmetric Key Cryptography</a> definition from <a	href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\"> howstuffworks.com </a></li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.securitytube.net/Symmetric-Key-Cryptography-video.aspx\">	Symmetric Key Cryptography</a> Video-based tutorial</li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.obviex.com/samples/Encryption.aspx\"> How	To:  Encrypt and Decrypt data using a symmetric (Rijndael) Key	</a> How-to that includes code examples in C#/VB.NET</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Block cipher modes of operation<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_cipher_modes_of_operation\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/toolkit/BCM/index.html\"> Block Ciper Modes</a>	from <a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov\"> The National Institute of Standards and Technology,	Information Technology Laboratory</a> </li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.3\"></a>8.3  Public-Key Algorithms </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>Public-key cryptography<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://computer.howstuffworks.com/encryption3.htm\">	Public Key Cryptography</a> definition from <a	href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\"> howstuffworks.com </a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.mycrypto.net/encryption/public_key_encryption.html\">	Public Key Encryption </a> Brief definition at <a	href=\"http://www.mycrypto.net\"> MyCrypto.net</a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.abcseo.com/papers/security/08-public-key-algorithms.htm\">	Public Key Algorithms</a> Slideshow Presentation </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://ospkibook.sourceforge.net/docs/OSPKI-2.4.7/OSPKI-html/appendix-pkc.htm\">	Description of Public Key Algorithms </a> Short description of RSA</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>RSA <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSA\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.di-mgt.com.au/rsa_alg.html\"> RSA Algorithm        </a> Lengthy description of the algorithm, with examples</li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.4\"></a>8.4  Digital Signatures </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>Digital signature <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_signature\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>MD5<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Secure Hash Algorithm<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Hash_Algorithm\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>SHA-1<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-1\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/PICS/DSig/SHA1_1_0.html\"> SHA1 Secure	Hash Algorithm</a> Overview of how SHA-1 is used on the Web</li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://gtools.org/tool/sha1-hash-generator/\">	SHA1 Hash Generator </a> Computes SHA1 hash from entered text,	from <a href=\"http://gtools.org\"> gtools.org</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>SHA-2<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://converter-generator.com/sha\">SHA Hash Generator</a>	Generates several different SHA hashes based on entered text, from	<a href=\"http://converter-generator.com\"> converter-generator.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.5\"></a>8.5  Management of Public Keys </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n        <li>Cryptography key types <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_key_types\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.rsa.com/rsalabs/node.asp?id=2262\"> What is	Key Management</a> Definition from <a href=\"http://www.rsa.com\">	RSA Laboratories</a></li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/toolkit/key_management.html\">Key Management </a>	from <a href=\"http://csrc.nist.gov\"> The National Institute of Standards and Technology,	Information Technology Laboratory</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>X.509 <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X.509\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/pkix/charter/\">	Public-Key Infrastructure (X.509) </a> PKIX Working Group Page</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Public key infrastructure <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_infrastructure\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.6\"></a>8.6  Communication Security </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li>IPsec<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPsec\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/network/bb531150.aspx\">	IPsec</a> Short article with links to many technical documents	at <a href=\"http://technet.microsoft.com\"> Microsoft</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://unixwiz.net/techtips/iguide-ipsec.html\"> An Illustrated	Guide to IPsec</a> Describes how IPsec works, with many illustrations</li>\r\n\r\n        <li>HMAC<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAC\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Message authentication code<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_authentication_code\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2406.txt\">RFC 2406</a>	Describing IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.tcpipguide.com/free/t_IPSecEncapsulatingSecurityPayloadESP.htm\">	IPSec Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) </a> A brief guide	from <a href=\"http://www.tcpipguide.com\"> tcpipguide.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>DMZ<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMZ_(computing)\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://compnetworking.about.com/cs/networksecurity/g/bldef_dmz.htm\">DMZ -	Demilitarized Zone in Computer Networking</a> Short article with related links	from <a href=\"http://compnetworking.about.com\"> about.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"VPN\"></a>Virtual Private Networks</li>\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com/vpn.htm\">How		Virtual Private Networks Work</a> description		from <a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\">		HowStuffWorks</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://compnetworking.about.com/od/vpn/VPN_Virtual_Private_Networking.htm\">		VPN - Virtual Private Networking</a> links to resources,		including free VPN software</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://openvpn.net\">OpenVPN</a> Virtual		Private Network software for many platforms</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.vpnc.org/\">Virtual Private Network		Consortium (VPNC)</a> International trade association		for VPN manufacterers</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a		href=\"http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/network/bb545442.aspx\">		Virtual Private Networks</a> Links to VPN support in		Microsoft Windows</li>\r\n\r\n		<li> VPN <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_network\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"WirelessSecurity\"></a>Wireless Security</li>\r\n\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li> 802.11i <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11i-2004\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.tech-faq.com/80211i.html\">802.11i</a> Article		from <a href=\"http://www.tech-faq.com\"> tech-faq.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li>Wi-Fi Protected Access <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fi_Protected_Access\">		<a href=\"http://www.wi-fi.org/knowledge_center/wpa2\">WPA2		(Wi-Fi Protected Access 2)</a> Press releases and		related links from <a href=\"http://www.wi-fi.org\">		wi-fi.org</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li>Wired Equivalent Privacy<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired_Equivalent_Privacy\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a		href=\"http://www.isaac.cs.berkeley.edu/isaac/wep-faq.html\">Security		of the WEP algorithm </a> Article identifying flaws in		WEP, by <a href=\"http://www.isaac.cs.berkeley.edu\"> the		Internet Security, Applications, Authentication		and Cryptography research group</a>, at <a		href=\"http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/\"> UC Berkeley Computer		Science </a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a		href=\"http://www.bluetooth.com/English/Technology/Works/Pages/Security.aspx\">		Bluetooth Security</a> Brief description at <a		href=\"http://www.bluetooth.com\"> bluetooth.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.7\"></a>8.7  Authentication Protocols </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.internationalauthenticationassociation.org/\">        International Authentication Association</a> Industry        consortium for companies involved in the development and use of        authentication technologies, systems and services. </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.biometrics.org/\">Biometrics Consortium</a>        U.S.  government group researching biometric technology</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cs.columbia.edu/%7Ehgs/internet/biometrics.html\">Biometrics        Links</a> To university labs and equipment vendors</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ieee802.org/1/pages/802.1x.html\">IEEE        802.11x</a> and <a        href=\"http://www.ieee802.org/1/pages/802.1aa.html\">802.11aa</a>        IEEE standards for authentication</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://web.mit.edu/kerberos/www/\">Kerberos: The        Network Authentication Protocol</a> Official page from its        inventors, MIT</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.projectliberty.org/\">Liberty Alliance</a>        Distributed authentication project comprising more than 100        organizations and corporations</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.pki-page.org/\"> The PKI Page </a> Info        on Public Key Infrastructure and digital signatures</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authentication\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.8\"></a>8.8  Email Security </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n        <li>Pretty Good Privacy<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretty_Good_Privacy\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.gnupg.org/\">GnuPG</a> The GNU Privacy Guard </li>\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.openpgp.org/\">The OpenPGP Alliance</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://email.about.com/cs/pgp/a/public_key_enc.htm\"> How Public Key	Encryption Works - About Email</a>	from <a href=\"http://email.about.com\"> about.com</a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>S/MIME<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S/MIME\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.andrebacard.com/remail.html\">Anonymous        Remailer FAQ</a> Some information and links about anonymous        remailers</li>\r\n\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.9\"></a>8.9  Web Security </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/Security/Faq/\">The World Wide Web Security FAQ	</a> Long list of frequently-asked questions/answers on Web security</li>\r\n\r\n	<li><a href=\"http://code.google.com/edu/security/index.html\">Web Security</a>	Links to course content on web security at <a href=\"http://www.google.com\">Google </a> </li>\r\n\r\n        <li>Secure Sockets Layer<a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Sockets_Layer\">        Wikipedia Article </a> </li>\r\n\r\n\r\n	<li><a name=\"Virus\"></a>Viruses and Malware</li>\r\n\r\n	<ul>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://home.mcafee.com/VirusInfo/Glossary.aspx\">		Glossary of Virus Terms</a> from <a		href=\"http://www.mcafee.com/\">McAfee</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.virusbtn.com/\">Virus Bulletin</a>		Virus updates, independent of anti-virus software		vendors</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.securelist.com/\">Virus		Encyclopedia</a> From <a		href=\"http://www.kaspersky.com/\">Kaspersky		Anti-virus</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.vmyths.com/\">Vmyths</a>		Information on virus hoaxes, urban legends and		scaremongering</li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1><a name=\"Sec8.10\"></a>8.10 Social Issues </h1>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.andrebacard.com/remail.html\">Anonymous        Remailer FAQ</a> Some information and links about anonymous        remailers</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20060622/2350220.shtml\">        Article about the Felten-DCMA Case</a> from <a        href=\"http://www.techdirt.com\">Tech Dirt</a></li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://fairuse.stanford.edu/\">Copyright and Fair        Use</a> From the Stanford University Library</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.eff.org/search?text=dmca\">DMCA links</a>        and <a href=\"http://www.eff.org/search?text=dmca+cases\">DMCA        cases</a> From the Electronic Frontier Foundation</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ncac.org/internet/filters.cfm\">Internet        Filters</a> How the most popular ones actually work</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.eff.org/search?text=internet+freedom+of+speech+cases\">Internet        Freedom of Speech Cases</a> - From the Electronic Frontier        Foundation</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.aclu.org/search/internet%20freedom%20of%20speech%20cases?show_aff=1\">Internet        Freedom of Speech Cases</a> From the American Civil Liberties        Union</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.ncac.org\">National Coalition Against        Censorship</a></li>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a name=\"Steganography\"></a>Steganography:</li>\r\n\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/%7Efapp2/steganography/\">		Information Hiding Home Page</a> From the University		of Cambridge</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.stegoarchive.com/\">Stegoarchive.com</a>		Many links to steganography resources</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.jjtc.com/Steganography/tools.html\">		Steganography Software</a> Extensive list of software		tools from <a href=\"http://www.jjtc.com/neil/\"> Neil		F. Johnson</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.symantec.com/connect/articles/steganography-revealed\">		Steganography Revealed</a> from <a		href=\"http://www.symantec.com\">Symantec</a> </li>\r\n\r\n		<li> Steganography <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steganography\">		Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/%7Erja14/tcpa-faq.html\">TCPA/Palladium        FAQ</a> From Ross Anderson</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.interesting-people.org/archives/interesting-people/199609/msg00026.html\">Why        Type 1 Anonymous Remailers Were Abandoned</a> From the Washington        Post</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://news.cnet.com/2010-1069-980325.html\">        Perspective: RFID tags: Big Brother in small packages</a>        Opinion article from <a href=\"http://news.cnet.com\">CNET</a></li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/TR/turingtest/\">Inaccessibility        of CAPTCHA</a>  W3C article describing some of the drawbacks to        use of Captchas.</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_neutrality\">        Network Neutrality</a> Wikipedia article discussing the        principle that advocates no Government/ISP restrictions on        Internet communication.</li>\r\n\r\n        <li><a href=\"http://www.antiphishing.org/\">Anti Phishing Working        Group</a> Organization against Internet Scams and Fraud</li>        <li>Phishing <a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phishing\">        Wikipedia Article</a> </li>\r\n\r\n	<a href=\"http://www.abanet.org/scitech/ec/isc/dsg-tutorial.html\">Digital Signature Guidelines</a> Legal tutorial/discussion at the <a href=\"http://www.abanet.org\">	American Bar Association</a></li>\r\n<li><a name=\"Privacy\"></a>Privacy:</li>\r\n	<ul>\r\n		<li> <a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com/carnivore.htm\">		Historical information about Carnivore</a>		at <a href=\"http://www.howstuffworks.com\">		howstuffworks.com </a> and <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivore_%28software%29\">Wikipedia</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.aclu.org/echelonwatch/faq.html\">		Echelon FAQ</a> Info on the secret global spy network</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.eff.org/\">Electronic Frontier		Foundation (EFF)</a> Campaigns for online privacy and		other rights</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.spybusters.com/mbsc1.html\">		Espionage 101</a> Introduction to electronic industrial		espionage</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.w3.org/P3P/\">Platform for Privacy		Preferences (P3P)</a> Privacy polices in XML</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.epic.org/privacy/tools.html\">		Practical Privacy</a> Online guide, from <a		href=\"http://www.epic.org/\">EPIC</a></li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.privacy.net/analyze/\">Privacy.Net</a>		Real-time tool that tests browsers to see how much data		they reveal</li>\r\n\r\n		<li> Wikipedia articles on <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_privacy\">		Internet privacy </a> and <a		href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_logging\">		data logging</a>.</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.privacyalliance.org/\"> The		Online Privacy Alliance</a> Association of corporations		in support of self-regulation toward online privacy.</li>\r\n\r\n		<li><a href=\"http://www.eskimo.com/%7Ejoelm/tempest.html\">		Tempest Information Page</a> Are all networks vulnerable to		wireless sniffers?  Archival page.</li>\r\n\r\n	</ul>\r\n\r\n</ul>\r\n\r\n<p>&copy; 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.</p>\r\n','Chapter 8: Network Security','','inherit','closed','open','','177-revision-8','','','2013-08-05 20:31:06','2013-08-05 18:31:06','',177,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2013/08/05/177-revision-8/',0,'revision','',0),(199,1,'2013-08-01 05:02:57','2013-08-01 03:02:57','<p><i>For U.S. Edition. Last revision: 24 November 2011</i></p>\r\n\r\n<p>We welcome mail noting corrections, clarifications and other improvements, and will incorporate them in the next revision. Meanwhile, the known errata are listed below. Italics denote the reading of text after correction. Not listed for brevity are spelling, grammar and punctuation mistakes that do not affect the meaning of text.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Please send further errata to David Wetherall (<i>dj</i><i>w@uw</i><i>.edu</i>).</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 1</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 2</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 137: Correction to Fig. 2-28(d). The top \"S1 dot C\" line should have all +1s so that it reads <i>\"[1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1]/8=1\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 158: Correction to the last sentence of the second paragraph. There are 86, not 87, payload columns of user data. The sentence should read <i>\"The user data rate excludes all three kinds of overhead and counts only the 86 payload columns\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 188: Clarification of Problem 2.16 to explicitly note that NRZI encoding is used with 4B/5B. <i>\"2.16 Prove that in 4B/5B mapped data with the NRZI encoding, a signal transition will occur at least every four bit times.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 3</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 234: Correction in second to last paragraph. The wrong figure is referenced and described. It should read <i>\"In Fig. 3-18(a) we see the go-back-n case in which the receiver\'s window is 1.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 4</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 336: Correction in paragraph after the bullet list. The wrong port number is given in the example. It should read <i>\"The frame will arrive at B2 on port 2 ...\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 352: Rewording of the start of Problem 16. <i>\"Two CSMA/CD stations are each trying to transmit a frame. They both contend for the channel, using the binary exponential backoff algorithm after a collision.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 5</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 410: Correction in fourth paragraph. \"Mbit\" should be \"Kbit\" so that the text in parentheses reads <i>\"e.g., 200 Kbit is 20 packets of 1250 bytes\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 476: Correction to Fig. 5-64 (b). Change the \"LAN 1\" label on the right side (connected to R3, R4, and R5) to be \"LAN 3\" so that it matches part (a) of the figure.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 492: Correction in Problem 5.32. The IP address range is incorrect. It should read <i>\"IP addresses from 29.18.0.0 to 29.18.127.255 ...\"</i>.\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 6</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 7</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 648: Correction to Fig. 7-18. Reverse the direction of the arrows labeled \"HTTP Request\" and \"HTTP Response\"; they are backwards.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 656: Correction in the third paragraph. Sentence should concern multiple requests and read <i>\"To tackle the problem of serving more than a single ...\"</i></p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 8</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 9</h1>','Errata','','inherit','closed','open','','42-revision-7','','','2013-08-01 05:02:57','2013-08-01 03:02:57','',42,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2013/08/01/42-revision-7/',0,'revision','',0),(200,1,'2013-12-20 15:40:48','2013-12-20 13:40:48','Andy was <a href=\"http://www.computer.org/csdl/mags/co/2013/12/mco2013120009.html\">interviewed by Chuck Severance for Computing Conversations</a>. Hear him describe how he came to write the seminal textbook on computer networks starting with the first edition in 1981.\r\n<img src=\"http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/andy-interview-e1403271399403-150x147.jpeg\" alt=\"andy-interview\" width=\"150\" height=\"147\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-202\" />','Andy on \"Writing The Book\"','','publish','closed','open','','andy-on-writing-the-book','','','2014-06-20 15:41:10','2014-06-20 13:41:10','',0,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/?p=200',0,'post','',0),(201,1,'2014-06-20 15:32:58','2014-06-20 13:32:58','','Andy on \"Writing the Book\"','','inherit','closed','open','','200-revision','','','2014-06-20 15:32:58','2014-06-20 13:32:58','',200,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/200-revision/',0,'revision','',0),(202,1,'2014-06-20 15:35:44','2014-06-20 13:35:44','','andy-interview','','inherit','closed','open','','andy-interview','','','2014-06-20 15:35:44','2014-06-20 13:35:44','',200,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/andy-interview.jpeg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(203,1,'2014-06-20 15:35:55','2014-06-20 13:35:55','Andy was <a href=\"http://www.computer.org/csdl/mags/co/2013/12/mco2013120009.html\" title=\"interviewed by Chuck Severance for Computing Conversations\"></a>. Hear him describe how he came to write the seminal textbook on computer networks.','Andy on \"Writing the Book\"','','inherit','closed','open','','200-revision-2','','','2014-06-20 15:35:55','2014-06-20 13:35:55','',200,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/200-revision-2/',0,'revision','',0),(205,1,'2014-06-20 15:39:53','2014-06-20 13:39:53','Andy was <a href=\"http://www.computer.org/csdl/mags/co/2013/12/mco2013120009.html\">interviewed by Chuck Severance for Computing Conversations</a>. Hear him describe how he came to write the seminal textbook on computer networks starting with the first edition in 1981.\r\n<img src=\"http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/andy-interview-e1403271399403-150x147.jpeg\" alt=\"andy-interview\" width=\"150\" height=\"147\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-202\" />','Andy on \"Writing The Book\"','','inherit','closed','open','','200-revision-4','','','2014-06-20 15:39:53','2014-06-20 13:39:53','',200,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/200-revision-4/',0,'revision','',0),(204,1,'2014-06-20 15:37:55','2014-06-20 13:37:55','Andy was <a href=\"http://www.computer.org/csdl/mags/co/2013/12/mco2013120009.html\" title=\"interviewed by Chuck Severance for Computing Conversations\"></a>. Hear him describe how he came to write the seminal textbook on computer networks.<a href=\"http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/andy-interview-e1403271399403.jpeg\"><img src=\"http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/andy-interview-e1403271399403-150x147.jpeg\" alt=\"andy-interview\" width=\"150\" height=\"147\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-202\" /></a>','Andy on \"Writing the Book\"','','inherit','closed','open','','200-revision-3','','','2014-06-20 15:37:55','2014-06-20 13:37:55','',200,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/200-revision-3/',0,'revision','',0),(206,1,'2014-06-20 15:39:58','2014-06-20 13:39:58','Andy was <a href=\"http://www.computer.org/csdl/mags/co/2013/12/mco2013120009.html\">interviewed by Chuck Severance for Computing Conversations</a>. Hear him describe how he came to write the seminal textbook on computer networks starting with the first edition in 1981.\r\n<img src=\"http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/andy-interview-e1403271399403-150x147.jpeg\" alt=\"andy-interview\" width=\"150\" height=\"147\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-202\" />','Andy on \"Writing The Book\"','','inherit','closed','open','','200-revision-5','','','2014-06-20 15:39:58','2014-06-20 13:39:58','',200,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/200-revision-5/',0,'revision','',0),(207,1,'2014-06-20 15:40:48','2014-06-20 13:40:48','Andy was <a href=\"http://www.computer.org/csdl/mags/co/2013/12/mco2013120009.html\">interviewed by Chuck Severance for Computing Conversations</a>. Hear him describe how he came to write the seminal textbook on computer networks starting with the first edition in 1981.\r\n<img src=\"http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/andy-interview-e1403271399403-150x147.jpeg\" alt=\"andy-interview\" width=\"150\" height=\"147\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-202\" />','Andy on \"Writing The Book\"','','inherit','closed','open','','200-revision-6','','','2014-06-20 15:40:48','2014-06-20 13:40:48','',200,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/200-revision-6/',0,'revision','',0),(208,1,'2014-03-20 16:00:22','2014-03-20 14:00:22','<p>We\'re at it again: the <a href=\"https://www.coursera.org/course/comnetworks\">Computer Networks online class</a> is in its third iteration on Coursera! The course provides 10 weeks of lectures that work through the CN5E text. We\'ve improved and debugged the video lectures and the homeworks over time -- thanks to many of you for all the positive feedback.</p>\r\n\r\n<img src=\"http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/coursera-icon-150x150.png\" alt=\"coursera-icon\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-47\" />\r\n\r\n<p><i>Instructors: the <a href=\"http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/streaming/esm/tanenbaum5e_videonotes/tanenbaum_videoNotes.html\">video lectures</a> are freely available to students to support your use of the text in the classroom. Complementary materials (slides, labs) are available on the <a href=\"http://www.pearsonhighered.com/cs-resources/products/product.html#product,isbn=0132126958\">Pearson page for the book.</a></i></p>\r\n','\"Computer Networks\" on Coursera','','publish','closed','open','','computer-networks-on-coursera-2','','','2014-06-20 16:03:43','2014-06-20 14:03:43','',0,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/?p=208',0,'post','',0),(209,1,'2014-06-20 15:57:09','2014-06-20 13:57:09','<p>We\'re at it again: the <a href=\"https://www.coursera.org/course/comnetworks\" title=\"Computer Networks online class\" target=\"_blank\"></a> is in its third iteration on Coursera! We\'ve improved and debugged the video lectures and the homeworks over time -- thanks to many of you for all the positive feedback.</p>\n\n\n<p>Instructors: the <a href=\"http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/streaming/esm/tanenbaum5e_videonotes/tanenbaum_videoNotes.html\" title=\"video lectures\" target=\"_blank\"></a> are freely available to students to support your use of hte text in the classroom. Complementary materials (slides, labs) are available on the <a href=\"http://www.pearsonhighered.com/cs-resources/products/product.html#product,isbn=0132126958\" title=\"Pearson page for the book\" target=\"_blank\"></a></p>\n','\"Computer Networks\" on Coursera','','inherit','closed','open','','208-revision','','','2014-06-20 15:57:09','2014-06-20 13:57:09','',208,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/208-revision/',0,'revision','',0),(213,1,'2014-06-20 15:59:16','2014-06-20 13:59:16','<p>We\'re at it again: the <a href=\"https://www.coursera.org/course/comnetworks\">Computer Networks online class\"</a> is in its third iteration on Coursera! We\'ve improved and debugged the video lectures and the homeworks over time -- thanks to many of you for all the positive feedback.</p>\r\n\r\n<img src=\"http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/coursera-icon-150x150.png\" alt=\"coursera-icon\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-47\" />\r\n\r\n<p>Instructors: the <a href=\"http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/streaming/esm/tanenbaum5e_videonotes/tanenbaum_videoNotes.html>video lectures</a> are freely available to students to support your use of hte text in the classroom. Complementary materials (slides, labs) are available on the <a href=\"http://www.pearsonhighered.com/cs-resources/products/product.html#product,isbn=0132126958>Pearson page for the book.</a></p>\r\n','\"Computer Networks\" on Coursera','','inherit','closed','open','','208-revision-5','','','2014-06-20 15:59:16','2014-06-20 13:59:16','',208,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/208-revision-5/',0,'revision','',0),(210,1,'2014-06-20 15:57:34','2014-06-20 13:57:34','<p>We\'re at it again: the <a href=\"https://www.coursera.org/course/comnetworks\" title=\"Computer Networks online class\" target=\"_blank\"></a> is in its third iteration on Coursera! We\'ve improved and debugged the video lectures and the homeworks over time -- thanks to many of you for all the positive feedback.</p>\r\n\r\n<img src=\"http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/coursera-icon-150x150.png\" alt=\"coursera-icon\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-47\" />\r\n\r\n<p>Instructors: the <a href=\"http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/streaming/esm/tanenbaum5e_videonotes/tanenbaum_videoNotes.html\" title=\"video lectures\" target=\"_blank\"></a> are freely available to students to support your use of hte text in the classroom. Complementary materials (slides, labs) are available on the <a href=\"http://www.pearsonhighered.com/cs-resources/products/product.html#product,isbn=0132126958\" title=\"Pearson page for the book\" target=\"_blank\"></a></p>\r\n','\"Computer Networks\" on Coursera','','inherit','closed','open','','208-revision-2','','','2014-06-20 15:57:34','2014-06-20 13:57:34','',208,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/208-revision-2/',0,'revision','',0),(211,1,'2014-06-20 15:57:40','2014-06-20 13:57:40','<p>We\'re at it again: the <a href=\"https://www.coursera.org/course/comnetworks\" title=\"Computer Networks online class\" target=\"_blank\"></a> is in its third iteration on Coursera! We\'ve improved and debugged the video lectures and the homeworks over time -- thanks to many of you for all the positive feedback.</p>\r\n\r\n<img src=\"http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/coursera-icon-150x150.png\" alt=\"coursera-icon\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-47\" />\r\n\r\n<p>Instructors: the <a href=\"http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/streaming/esm/tanenbaum5e_videonotes/tanenbaum_videoNotes.html\" title=\"video lectures\" target=\"_blank\"></a> are freely available to students to support your use of hte text in the classroom. Complementary materials (slides, labs) are available on the <a href=\"http://www.pearsonhighered.com/cs-resources/products/product.html#product,isbn=0132126958\" title=\"Pearson page for the book\" target=\"_blank\"></a></p>\r\n','\"Computer Networks\" on Coursera','','inherit','closed','open','','208-revision-3','','','2014-06-20 15:57:40','2014-06-20 13:57:40','',208,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/208-revision-3/',0,'revision','',0),(212,1,'2014-06-20 15:57:48','2014-06-20 13:57:48','<p>We\'re at it again: the <a href=\"https://www.coursera.org/course/comnetworks\" title=\"Computer Networks online class\" target=\"_blank\"></a> is in its third iteration on Coursera! We\'ve improved and debugged the video lectures and the homeworks over time -- thanks to many of you for all the positive feedback.</p>\r\n\r\n<img src=\"http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/coursera-icon-150x150.png\" alt=\"coursera-icon\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-47\" />\r\n\r\n<p>Instructors: the <a href=\"http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/streaming/esm/tanenbaum5e_videonotes/tanenbaum_videoNotes.html\" title=\"video lectures\" target=\"_blank\"></a> are freely available to students to support your use of hte text in the classroom. Complementary materials (slides, labs) are available on the <a href=\"http://www.pearsonhighered.com/cs-resources/products/product.html#product,isbn=0132126958\" title=\"Pearson page for the book\" target=\"_blank\"></a></p>\r\n','\"Computer Networks\" on Coursera','','inherit','closed','open','','208-revision-4','','','2014-06-20 15:57:48','2014-06-20 13:57:48','',208,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/208-revision-4/',0,'revision','',0),(214,1,'2014-06-20 15:59:22','2014-06-20 13:59:22','<p>We\'re at it again: the <a href=\"https://www.coursera.org/course/comnetworks\">Computer Networks online class\"</a> is in its third iteration on Coursera! We\'ve improved and debugged the video lectures and the homeworks over time -- thanks to many of you for all the positive feedback.</p>\r\n\r\n<img src=\"http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/coursera-icon-150x150.png\" alt=\"coursera-icon\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-47\" />\r\n\r\n<p>Instructors: the <a href=\"http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/streaming/esm/tanenbaum5e_videonotes/tanenbaum_videoNotes.html>video lectures</a> are freely available to students to support your use of hte text in the classroom. Complementary materials (slides, labs) are available on the <a href=\"http://www.pearsonhighered.com/cs-resources/products/product.html#product,isbn=0132126958>Pearson page for the book.</a></p>\r\n','\"Computer Networks\" on Coursera','','inherit','closed','open','','208-revision-6','','','2014-06-20 15:59:22','2014-06-20 13:59:22','',208,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/208-revision-6/',0,'revision','',0),(215,1,'2014-06-20 16:00:22','2014-06-20 14:00:22','<p>We\'re at it again: the <a href=\"https://www.coursera.org/course/comnetworks\">Computer Networks online class</a> is in its third iteration on Coursera! We\'ve improved and debugged the video lectures and the homeworks over time -- thanks to many of you for all the positive feedback.</p>\r\n\r\n<img src=\"http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/coursera-icon-150x150.png\" alt=\"coursera-icon\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-47\" />\r\n\r\n<p>Instructors: the <a href=\"http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/streaming/esm/tanenbaum5e_videonotes/tanenbaum_videoNotes.html\">video lectures</a> are freely available to students to support your use of the text in the classroom. Complementary materials (slides, labs) are available on the <a href=\"http://www.pearsonhighered.com/cs-resources/products/product.html#product,isbn=0132126958\">Pearson page for the book.</a></p>\r\n','\"Computer Networks\" on Coursera','','inherit','closed','open','','208-revision-7','','','2014-06-20 16:00:22','2014-06-20 14:00:22','',208,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/208-revision-7/',0,'revision','',0),(216,1,'2014-06-20 16:00:53','2014-06-20 14:00:53','<p>We\'re at it again: the <a href=\"https://www.coursera.org/course/comnetworks\">Computer Networks online class</a> is in its third iteration on Coursera! We\'ve improved and debugged the video lectures and the homeworks over time -- thanks to many of you for all the positive feedback.</p>\r\n\r\n<img src=\"http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/coursera-icon-150x150.png\" alt=\"coursera-icon\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-47\" />\r\n\r\n<p>Instructors: the <a href=\"http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/streaming/esm/tanenbaum5e_videonotes/tanenbaum_videoNotes.html\">video lectures</a> are freely available to students to support your use of the text in the classroom. Complementary materials (slides, labs) are available on the <a href=\"http://www.pearsonhighered.com/cs-resources/products/product.html#product,isbn=0132126958\">Pearson page for the book.</a></p>\r\n','\"Computer Networks\" on Coursera','','inherit','closed','open','','208-revision-8','','','2014-06-20 16:00:53','2014-06-20 14:00:53','',208,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/208-revision-8/',0,'revision','',0),(217,1,'2014-06-20 16:01:24','2014-06-20 14:01:24','<p>We\'re at it again: the <a href=\"https://www.coursera.org/course/comnetworks\">Computer Networks online class</a> is in its third iteration on Coursera! We\'ve improved and debugged the video lectures and the homeworks over time -- thanks to many of you for all the positive feedback.</p>\r\n\r\n<img src=\"http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/coursera-icon-150x150.png\" alt=\"coursera-icon\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-47\" />\r\n\r\n<p><i>Instructors: the <a href=\"http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/streaming/esm/tanenbaum5e_videonotes/tanenbaum_videoNotes.html\">video lectures</a> are freely available to students to support your use of the text in the classroom. Complementary materials (slides, labs) are available on the <a href=\"http://www.pearsonhighered.com/cs-resources/products/product.html#product,isbn=0132126958\">Pearson page for the book.</a></i></p>\r\n','\"Computer Networks\" on Coursera','','inherit','closed','open','','208-revision-9','','','2014-06-20 16:01:24','2014-06-20 14:01:24','',208,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/208-revision-9/',0,'revision','',0),(219,1,'2014-06-20 18:21:33','2014-06-20 16:21:33','<p><i>For U.S. Edition. Last revision: 20 June 2014</i></p>\r\n\r\n<p>We welcome mail noting corrections, clarifications and other improvements, and will incorporate them in the next revision. Meanwhile, the known errata are listed below. Italics denote the reading of text after correction. Not listed for brevity are spelling, grammar and punctuation mistakes that do not affect the meaning of text.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Please send further errata to David Wetherall (<i>dj</i><i>w@uw</i><i>.edu</i>).</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 1</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 2</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 122: Correction to sentence. Iridium satellites are arranged in necklaces with one satellite every <i>30</i> degrees of latitude.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 130: Correction to the figure references. FSK is shown in <i>Fig. 2-22(c)</i> and PSK is shown in <i>Fig. 2-22(d)</i></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 137: Correction to Fig. 2-28(d). The top \"S1 dot C\" line should have all +1s so that it reads <i>\"[1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1]/8=1\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 158: Correction to the last sentence of the second paragraph. There are 86, not 87, payload columns of user data. The sentence should read <i>\"The user data rate excludes all three kinds of overhead and counts only the 86 payload columns\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 188: Clarification of Problem 2.16 to explicitly note that NRZI encoding is used with 4B/5B. <i>\"2.16 Prove that in 4B/5B mapped data with the NRZI encoding, a signal transition will occur at least every four bit times.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 3</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 234: Correction in second to last paragraph. The wrong figure is referenced and described. It should read <i>\"In Fig. 3-18(a) we see the go-back-n case in which the receiver\'s window is 1.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 4</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 336: Correction in paragraph after the bullet list. The wrong port number is given in the example. It should read <i>\"The frame will arrive at B2 on port 2 ...\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 352: Rewording of the start of Problem 16. <i>\"Two CSMA/CD stations are each trying to transmit a frame. They both contend for the channel, using the binary exponential backoff algorithm after a collision.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 5</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 410: Correction in fourth paragraph. \"Mbit\" should be \"Kbit\" so that the text in parentheses reads <i>\"e.g., 200 Kbit is 20 packets of 1250 bytes\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 443: Correction to the prefix address. The prefix with \"24 bits in the network portion\" should be <i>128.208.2.0/24</i>.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 469: Correction to IP address in 5.6.4 (ARP). By convention, the default gateway is the lowest address on the network <i>(198.32.65.1)</i>. Similarly, 198.31.65.1 should be <i>198.32.65.1</i> later in the same paragraph.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 476: Correction to Fig. 5-64 (b). Change the \"LAN 1\" label on the right side (connected to R3, R4, and R5) to be \"LAN 3\" so that it matches part (a) of the figure.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 492: Correction in Problem 5.32. The IP address range is incorrect. It should read <i>\"IP addresses from 29.18.0.0 to 29.18.127.255 ...\"</i>.\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 545: Correction to sentence. When a packet arrives at the NAT box from the ISP, the <i>destination port</i> in the TCP header is extracted and used as an index into the NAT Box\'s mapping table.</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 6</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 7</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 648: Correction to Fig. 7-18. Reverse the direction of the arrows labeled \"HTTP Request\" and \"HTTP Response\"; they are backwards.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 656: Correction in the third paragraph. Sentence should concern multiple requests and read <i>\"To tackle the problem of serving more than a single ...\"</i></p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 8</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 9</h1>','Errata','','inherit','closed','open','','42-revision-9','','','2014-06-20 18:21:33','2014-06-20 16:21:33','',42,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/42-revision-9/',0,'revision','',0),(218,1,'2014-06-20 15:25:33','2014-06-20 13:25:33','<p><i>For U.S. Edition. Last revision: 20 June 2014</i></p>\r\n\r\n<p>We welcome mail noting corrections, clarifications and other improvements, and will incorporate them in the next revision. Meanwhile, the known errata are listed below. Italics denote the reading of text after correction. Not listed for brevity are spelling, grammar and punctuation mistakes that do not affect the meaning of text.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Please send further errata to David Wetherall (<i>dj</i><i>w@uw</i><i>.edu</i>).</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 1</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 2</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 122: Correction to sentence. Iridium satellites are arranged in necklaces with one satellite every <i>30</i> degrees of latitude.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 130: Correction to the figure references. FSK is shown in <i>Fig. 2-22(c)</i> and PSK is shown in <i>Fig. 2-22(d)</i></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 137: Correction to Fig. 2-28(d). The top \"S1 dot C\" line should have all +1s so that it reads <i>\"[1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1]/8=1\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 158: Correction to the last sentence of the second paragraph. There are 86, not 87, payload columns of user data. The sentence should read <i>\"The user data rate excludes all three kinds of overhead and counts only the 86 payload columns\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 188: Clarification of Problem 2.16 to explicitly note that NRZI encoding is used with 4B/5B. <i>\"2.16 Prove that in 4B/5B mapped data with the NRZI encoding, a signal transition will occur at least every four bit times.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 3</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 234: Correction in second to last paragraph. The wrong figure is referenced and described. It should read <i>\"In Fig. 3-18(a) we see the go-back-n case in which the receiver\'s window is 1.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 4</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 336: Correction in paragraph after the bullet list. The wrong port number is given in the example. It should read <i>\"The frame will arrive at B2 on port 2 ...\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 352: Rewording of the start of Problem 16. <i>\"Two CSMA/CD stations are each trying to transmit a frame. They both contend for the channel, using the binary exponential backoff algorithm after a collision.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 5</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 410: Correction in fourth paragraph. \"Mbit\" should be \"Kbit\" so that the text in parentheses reads <i>\"e.g., 200 Kbit is 20 packets of 1250 bytes\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 469: Correction to IP address in 5.6.4 (ARP). By convention, the default gateway is the lowest address on the network <i>(198.32.65.1)</i>. Similarly, 198.31.65.1 should be <i>198.32.65.1</i> later in the same paragraph.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 476: Correction to Fig. 5-64 (b). Change the \"LAN 1\" label on the right side (connected to R3, R4, and R5) to be \"LAN 3\" so that it matches part (a) of the figure.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 492: Correction in Problem 5.32. The IP address range is incorrect. It should read <i>\"IP addresses from 29.18.0.0 to 29.18.127.255 ...\"</i>.\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 545: Correction to sentence. When a packet arrives at the NAT box from the ISP, the <i>destination port</i> in the TCP header is extracted and used as an index into the NAT Box\'s mapping table.</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 6</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 7</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 648: Correction to Fig. 7-18. Reverse the direction of the arrows labeled \"HTTP Request\" and \"HTTP Response\"; they are backwards.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 656: Correction in the third paragraph. Sentence should concern multiple requests and read <i>\"To tackle the problem of serving more than a single ...\"</i></p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 8</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 9</h1>','Errata','','inherit','closed','open','','42-revision-8','','','2014-06-20 15:25:33','2014-06-20 13:25:33','',42,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/42-revision-8/',0,'revision','',0),(220,1,'2014-06-20 18:47:10','2014-06-20 16:47:10','<p><i>For U.S. Edition. Last revision: 20 June 2014</i></p>\r\n\r\n<p>We welcome mail noting corrections, clarifications and other improvements, and will incorporate them in the next revision. Meanwhile, the known errata are listed below. Italics denote the reading of text after correction. Not listed for brevity are spelling, grammar and punctuation mistakes that do not affect the meaning of text.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Please send further errata to David Wetherall (<i>dj</i><i>w@uw</i><i>.edu</i>).</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 1</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 2</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 130: Correction to the figure references. FSK is shown in <i>Fig. 2-22(c)</i> and PSK is shown in <i>Fig. 2-22(d)</i></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 137: Correction to Fig. 2-28(d). The top \"S1 dot C\" line should have all +1s so that it reads <i>\"[1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1]/8=1\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 158: Correction to the last sentence of the second paragraph. There are 86, not 87, payload columns of user data. The sentence should read <i>\"The user data rate excludes all three kinds of overhead and counts only the 86 payload columns\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 188: Clarification of Problem 2.16 to explicitly note that NRZI encoding is used with 4B/5B. <i>\"2.16 Prove that in 4B/5B mapped data with the NRZI encoding, a signal transition will occur at least every four bit times.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 3</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 234: Correction in second to last paragraph. The wrong figure is referenced and described. It should read <i>\"In Fig. 3-18(a) we see the go-back-n case in which the receiver\'s window is 1.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 4</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 336: Correction in paragraph after the bullet list. The wrong port number is given in the example. It should read <i>\"The frame will arrive at B2 on port 2 ...\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 352: Rewording of the start of Problem 16. <i>\"Two CSMA/CD stations are each trying to transmit a frame. They both contend for the channel, using the binary exponential backoff algorithm after a collision.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 5</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 410: Correction in fourth paragraph. \"Mbit\" should be \"Kbit\" so that the text in parentheses reads <i>\"e.g., 200 Kbit is 20 packets of 1250 bytes\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 443: Correction to the prefix address. The prefix with \"24 bits in the network portion\" should be <i>128.208.2.0/24</i>.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 469: Correction to IP address in 5.6.4 (ARP). By convention, the default gateway is the lowest address on the network <i>(198.32.65.1)</i>. Similarly, 198.31.65.1 should be <i>198.32.65.1</i> later in the same paragraph.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 476: Correction to Fig. 5-64 (b). Change the \"LAN 1\" label on the right side (connected to R3, R4, and R5) to be \"LAN 3\" so that it matches part (a) of the figure.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 492: Correction in Problem 5.32. The IP address range is incorrect. It should read <i>\"IP addresses from 29.18.0.0 to 29.18.127.255 ...\"</i>.\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 545: Correction to sentence. When a packet arrives at the NAT box from the ISP, the <i>destination port</i> in the TCP header is extracted and used as an index into the NAT Box\'s mapping table.</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 6</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 7</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 648: Correction to Fig. 7-18. Reverse the direction of the arrows labeled \"HTTP Request\" and \"HTTP Response\"; they are backwards.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 656: Correction in the third paragraph. Sentence should concern multiple requests and read <i>\"To tackle the problem of serving more than a single ...\"</i></p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 8</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 9</h1>','Errata','','inherit','closed','open','','42-revision-10','','','2014-06-20 18:47:10','2014-06-20 16:47:10','',42,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/42-revision-10/',0,'revision','',0),(221,1,'2014-06-20 19:06:16','2014-06-20 17:06:16','<p><i>For U.S. Edition. Last revision: 20 June 2014</i></p>\r\n\r\n<p>We welcome mail noting corrections, clarifications and other improvements, and will incorporate them in the next revision. Meanwhile, the known errata are listed below. Italics denote the reading of text after correction. Not listed for brevity are spelling, grammar and punctuation mistakes that do not affect the meaning of text.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Please send further errata to David Wetherall (<i>dj</i><i>w@uw</i><i>.edu</i>).</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 1</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 2</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 130: Correction to the figure references. FSK is shown in <i>Fig. 2-22(c)</i> and PSK is shown in <i>Fig. 2-22(d)</i></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 137: Correction to Fig. 2-28(d). The top \"S1 dot C\" line should have all +1s so that it reads <i>\"[1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1]/8=1\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 158: Correction to the last sentence of the second paragraph. There are 86, not 87, payload columns of user data. The sentence should read <i>\"The user data rate excludes all three kinds of overhead and counts only the 86 payload columns\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 188: Clarification of Problem 2.16 to explicitly note that NRZI encoding is used with 4B/5B. <i>\"2.16 Prove that in 4B/5B mapped data with the NRZI encoding, a signal transition will occur at least every four bit times.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 3</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 234: Correction in second to last paragraph. The wrong figure is referenced and described. It should read <i>\"In Fig. 3-18(a) we see the go-back-n case in which the receiver\'s window is 1.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 4</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 336: Correction in paragraph after the bullet list. The wrong port number is given in the example. It should read <i>\"The frame will arrive at B2 on port 2 ...\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 352: Rewording of the start of Problem 16. <i>\"Two CSMA/CD stations are each trying to transmit a frame. 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It should read <i>\"IP addresses from 29.18.0.0 to 29.18.127.255 ...\"</i>.\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 6</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 523: Correction to parameter. The round-trip time in the bandwidth-delay example should be <i>200 msec</i>.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 545: Correction to sentence. When a packet arrives at the NAT box from the ISP, the <i>destination port</i> in the TCP header is extracted and used as an index into the NAT Box\'s mapping table.</p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 7</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 648: Correction to Fig. 7-18. Reverse the direction of the arrows labeled \"HTTP Request\" and \"HTTP Response\"; they are backwards.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 656: Correction in the third paragraph. Sentence should concern multiple requests and read <i>\"To tackle the problem of serving more than a single ...\"</i></p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 8</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 9</h1>','Errata','','inherit','closed','open','','42-revision-11','','','2014-06-20 19:06:16','2014-06-20 17:06:16','',42,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/42-revision-11/',0,'revision','',0),(222,1,'2014-06-20 19:10:25','2014-06-20 17:10:25','<p><i>For U.S. Edition. Last revision: 20 June 2014</i></p>\r\n\r\n<p>We welcome mail noting corrections, clarifications and other improvements, and will incorporate them in the next revision. Meanwhile, the known errata are listed below. Italics denote the reading of text after correction. Not listed for brevity are spelling, grammar and punctuation mistakes that do not affect the meaning of text.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Please send further errata to David Wetherall (<i>dj</i><i>w@uw</i><i>.edu</i>).</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 1</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 2</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 130: Correction to the figure references. FSK is shown in <i>Fig. 2-22(c)</i> and PSK is shown in <i>Fig. 2-22(d)</i></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 137: Correction to Fig. 2-28(d). The top \"S1 dot C\" line should have all +1s so that it reads <i>\"[1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1]/8=1\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 158: Correction to the last sentence of the second paragraph. There are 86, not 87, payload columns of user data. The sentence should read <i>\"The user data rate excludes all three kinds of overhead and counts only the 86 payload columns\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 188: Clarification of Problem 2.16 to explicitly note that NRZI encoding is used with 4B/5B. <i>\"2.16 Prove that in 4B/5B mapped data with the NRZI encoding, a signal transition will occur at least every four bit times.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 3</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 234: Correction in second to last paragraph. The wrong figure is referenced and described. It should read <i>\"In Fig. 3-18(a) we see the go-back-n case in which the receiver\'s window is 1.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 4</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 336: Correction in paragraph after the bullet list. The wrong port number is given in the example. It should read <i>\"The frame will arrive at B2 on port 2 ...\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 352: Rewording of the start of Problem 16. <i>\"Two CSMA/CD stations are each trying to transmit a frame. They both contend for the channel, using the binary exponential backoff algorithm after a collision.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 5</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 410: Correction in fourth paragraph. \"Mbit\" should be \"Kbit\" so that the text in parentheses reads <i>\"e.g., 200 Kbit is 20 packets of 1250 bytes\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 443: Correction to the prefix address. The prefix with \"24 bits in the network portion\" should be <i>128.208.2.0/24</i>.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 469: Correction to IP address in 5.6.4 (ARP). By convention, the default gateway is the lowest address on the network <i>(198.32.65.1)</i>. Similarly, 198.31.65.1 should be <i>198.32.65.1</i> later in the same paragraph.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 476: Correction to Fig. 5-64 (b). Change the \"LAN 1\" label on the right side (connected to R3, R4, and R5) to be \"LAN 3\" so that it matches part (a) of the figure.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 492: Correction in Problem 5.32. The IP address range is incorrect. It should read <i>\"IP addresses from 29.18.0.0 to 29.18.127.255 ...\"</i>.\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 6</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 523: Correction to parameter. The round-trip time in the bandwidth-delay example should be <i>200 msec</i>.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 536: Correction in last paragraph. \"In the absence of a congestion signal, the senders should <i>increase</i> their rates.\"</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 545: Correction to sentence. When a packet arrives at the NAT box from the ISP, the <i>destination port</i> in the TCP header is extracted and used as an index into the NAT Box\'s mapping table.</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 7</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 648: Correction to Fig. 7-18. Reverse the direction of the arrows labeled \"HTTP Request\" and \"HTTP Response\"; they are backwards.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 656: Correction in the third paragraph. Sentence should concern multiple requests and read <i>\"To tackle the problem of serving more than a single ...\"</i></p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 8</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 9</h1>','Errata','','inherit','closed','open','','42-revision-12','','','2014-06-20 19:10:25','2014-06-20 17:10:25','',42,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/42-revision-12/',0,'revision','',0),(223,1,'2014-06-20 19:10:46','2014-06-20 17:10:46','<p><i>For U.S. Edition. Last revision: 20 June 2014</i></p>\r\n\r\n<p>We welcome mail noting corrections, clarifications and other improvements, and will incorporate them in the next revision. Meanwhile, the known errata are listed below. Italics denote the reading of text after correction. Not listed for brevity are spelling, grammar and punctuation mistakes that do not affect the meaning of text.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Please send further errata to David Wetherall (<i>dj</i><i>w@uw</i><i>.edu</i>).</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 1</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 2</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 130: Correction to the figure references. FSK is shown in <i>Fig. 2-22(c)</i> and PSK is shown in <i>Fig. 2-22(d)</i></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 137: Correction to Fig. 2-28(d). The top \"S1 dot C\" line should have all +1s so that it reads <i>\"[1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1]/8=1\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 158: Correction to the last sentence of the second paragraph. There are 86, not 87, payload columns of user data. The sentence should read <i>\"The user data rate excludes all three kinds of overhead and counts only the 86 payload columns\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 188: Clarification of Problem 2.16 to explicitly note that NRZI encoding is used with 4B/5B. <i>\"2.16 Prove that in 4B/5B mapped data with the NRZI encoding, a signal transition will occur at least every four bit times.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 3</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 234: Correction in second to last paragraph. The wrong figure is referenced and described. It should read <i>\"In Fig. 3-18(a) we see the go-back-n case in which the receiver\'s window is 1.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 4</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 336: Correction in paragraph after the bullet list. The wrong port number is given in the example. It should read <i>\"The frame will arrive at B2 on port 2 ...\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 352: Rewording of the start of Problem 16. <i>\"Two CSMA/CD stations are each trying to transmit a frame. They both contend for the channel, using the binary exponential backoff algorithm after a collision.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 5</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 410: Correction in fourth paragraph. \"Mbit\" should be \"Kbit\" so that the text in parentheses reads <i>\"e.g., 200 Kbit is 20 packets of 1250 bytes\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 443: Correction to the prefix address. The prefix with \"24 bits in the network portion\" should be <i>128.208.2.0/24</i>.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 469: Correction to IP address in 5.6.4 (ARP). By convention, the default gateway is the lowest address on the network <i>(198.32.65.1)</i>. Similarly, 198.31.65.1 should be <i>198.32.65.1</i> later in the same paragraph.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 476: Correction to Fig. 5-64 (b). Change the \"LAN 1\" label on the right side (connected to R3, R4, and R5) to be \"LAN 3\" so that it matches part (a) of the figure.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 492: Correction in Problem 5.32. The IP address range is incorrect. It should read <i>\"IP addresses from 29.18.0.0 to 29.18.127.255 ...\"</i>.\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 6</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 523: Correction to parameter. The round-trip time in the bandwidth-delay example should be <i>200 msec</i>.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 536: Correction in last paragraph. \"In the absence of a congestion signal, the senders should <i>increase</i> their rates.\"</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 545: Correction to sentence. When a packet arrives at the NAT box from the ISP, the <i>destination port</i> in the TCP header is extracted and used as an index into the NAT Box\'s mapping table.</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 7</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 648: Correction to Fig. 7-18. Reverse the direction of the arrows labeled \"HTTP Request\" and \"HTTP Response\"; they are backwards.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 656: Correction in the third paragraph. Sentence should concern multiple requests and read <i>\"To tackle the problem of serving more than a single ...\"</i></p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 8</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 9</h1>','Errata','','inherit','closed','open','','42-revision-13','','','2014-06-20 19:10:46','2014-06-20 17:10:46','',42,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/42-revision-13/',0,'revision','',0),(224,1,'2014-06-20 20:21:43','2014-06-20 18:21:43','<p><i>For U.S. Edition. Last revision: 20 June 2014</i></p>\r\n\r\n<p>We welcome mail noting corrections, clarifications and other improvements, and will incorporate them in the next revision. Meanwhile, the known errata are listed below. Italics denote the reading of text after correction. Not listed for brevity are spelling, grammar and punctuation mistakes that do not affect the meaning of text.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Please send further errata to David Wetherall (<i>dj</i><i>w@uw</i><i>.edu</i>).</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 1</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 2</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 130: Correction to the figure references. FSK is shown in <i>Fig. 2-22(c)</i> and PSK is shown in <i>Fig. 2-22(d)</i></p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 137: Correction to Fig. 2-28(d). The top \"S1 dot C\" line should have all +1s so that it reads <i>\"[1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1]/8=1\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 158: Correction to the last sentence of the second paragraph. There are 86, not 87, payload columns of user data. The sentence should read <i>\"The user data rate excludes all three kinds of overhead and counts only the 86 payload columns\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 188: Clarification of Problem 2.16 to explicitly note that NRZI encoding is used with 4B/5B. <i>\"2.16 Prove that in 4B/5B mapped data with the NRZI encoding, a signal transition will occur at least every four bit times.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 3</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 234: Correction in second to last paragraph. The wrong figure is referenced and described. It should read <i>\"In Fig. 3-18(a) we see the go-back-n case in which the receiver\'s window is 1.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 4</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 336: Correction in paragraph after the bullet list. The wrong port number is given in the example. It should read <i>\"The frame will arrive at B2 on port 2 ...\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 352: Rewording of the start of Problem 16. <i>\"Two CSMA/CD stations are each trying to transmit a frame. They both contend for the channel, using the binary exponential backoff algorithm after a collision.\"</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 5</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 410: Correction in fourth paragraph. \"Mbit\" should be \"Kbit\" so that the text in parentheses reads <i>\"e.g., 200 Kbit is 20 packets of 1250 bytes\".</i>\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 443: Correction to the prefix address. The prefix with \"24 bits in the network portion\" should be <i>128.208.2.0/24</i>.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 469: Correction to IP address in 5.6.4 (ARP). By convention, the default gateway is the lowest address on the network <i>(198.32.65.1)</i>. Similarly, 198.31.65.1 should be <i>198.32.65.1</i> later in the same paragraph.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 476: Correction to Fig. 5-64 (b). Change the \"LAN 1\" label on the right side (connected to R3, R4, and R5) to be \"LAN 3\" so that it matches part (a) of the figure.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 492: Correction in Problem 5.32. The IP address range is incorrect. It should read <i>\"IP addresses from 29.18.0.0 to 29.18.127.255 ...\"</i>.\r\n</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 6</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 523: Correction to parameter. The round-trip time in the bandwidth-delay example should be <i>200 msec</i>.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 536: Correction in last paragraph. \"In the absence of a congestion signal, the senders should <i>increase</i> their rates.\"</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 545: Correction to sentence. When a packet arrives at the NAT box from the ISP, the <i>destination port</i> in the TCP header is extracted and used as an index into the NAT Box\'s mapping table.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 587: Correction to parameter. For a minimum RPC latency of 1 usec over a 1 Gbps link, the request and reply are <i>64 bytes</i> or 512 bits long, not 512 bytes long.</p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 7</h1>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 648: Correction to Fig. 7-18. Reverse the direction of the arrows labeled \"HTTP Request\" and \"HTTP Response\"; they are backwards.</p>\r\n\r\n<p>Page 656: Correction in the third paragraph. Sentence should concern multiple requests and read <i>\"To tackle the problem of serving more than a single ...\"</i></p>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 8</h1>\r\n\r\n<h1>Chapter 9</h1>','Errata','','inherit','closed','open','','42-revision-14','','','2014-06-20 20:21:43','2014-06-20 18:21:43','',42,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/blog/2014/06/20/42-revision-14/',0,'revision','',0),(232,1,'2017-03-16 13:10:03','0000-00-00 00:00:00','','Auto Draft','','auto-draft','closed','open','','','','','2017-03-16 13:10:03','0000-00-00 00:00:00','',0,'http://computernetworks5e.org/blogs/?p=232',0,'post','',0);

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--
-- Table structure for table `wp_users`
--

CREATE TABLE `wp_users` (
  `ID` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `user_login` varchar(60) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `user_pass` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `user_nicename` varchar(50) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `user_email` varchar(100) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `user_url` varchar(100) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `user_registered` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
  `user_activation_key` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `user_status` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `display_name` varchar(250) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `spam` tinyint(2) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `deleted` tinyint(2) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  PRIMARY KEY (`ID`),
  KEY `user_login_key` (`user_login`),
  KEY `user_nicename` (`user_nicename`),
  KEY `user_email` (`user_email`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci;

--
-- Dumping data for table `wp_users`
--

INSERT INTO `wp_users` VALUES (1,'admin','$P$BxB0hZ2.kraf4RqWPADmTl9di9.x2r/','admin','djw@alum.mit.edu','http://djw.cs.washington.edu','2012-08-25 15:45:50','',0,'David',0,0),(2,'admin','a4dbc8b798c0c3a6a2bf04c03f680269','katrin','katrins@alum.mit.edu','','2012-10-13 18:36:49','',0,'katrin',0,0);


